CN111998075A - Sealing structure suitable for engine bearing cavity - Google Patents
Sealing structure suitable for engine bearing cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111998075A CN111998075A CN202010842891.0A CN202010842891A CN111998075A CN 111998075 A CN111998075 A CN 111998075A CN 202010842891 A CN202010842891 A CN 202010842891A CN 111998075 A CN111998075 A CN 111998075A
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- Prior art keywords
- sealing
- fishbone
- groove
- graphite
- runway
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/26—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for rigid sealing rings
- F16J15/30—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for rigid sealing rings with sealing rings made of carbon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/06—Arrangements of bearings; Lubricating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/162—Special parts or details relating to lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
Abstract
The invention discloses a sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity, relates to the field of sealing dynamics, and is used for efficiently sealing lubricating oil in the bearing cavity of an aeroengine. The structure is mainly characterized in that a fishbone-shaped groove is formed in the peripheral surface of a sealing runway which is in sealing match with graphite. When the rotor runs at a high speed, dynamic pressure can be generated in the fishbone-shaped groove, and the sealing performance of graphite sealing is improved; meanwhile, the fishbone-shaped groove is formed, so that the contact area between the runway and the graphite ring is reduced, the friction power consumption and the friction heat are reduced, and the service life of graphite sealing is prolonged; when the engine is stopped suddenly, the sealing performance of the graphite seal can be kept for a certain time under the action of dynamic pressure. The invention has simple structure and convenient processing, and is a sealing structure with wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sealing dynamics, and relates to a sealing structure of an engine bearing cavity, which is particularly suitable for lubricating oil sealing of an aeroengine bearing cavity.
Background
For modern high-performance aircraft engines, there is a constant need to break through sealing technology in pursuit of higher thrust-to-weight ratio and thermal efficiency, reduced fuel consumption, controlled pollutant emissions and improved operating life. Research shows that the thrust of the engine can be increased by 1% and the oil consumption can be reduced by 0.1% when the sealing leakage amount is reduced by 1%. The graphite seal is a contact type sealing structure, has better integral sealing performance than non-contact type seal, and is generally used for sealing lubricating oil in a bearing cavity.
Firstly, the performance requirements such as allowable material temperature, material hardness and the like are limited, the working range of graphite sealing is limited, and the running linear velocity of the graphite sealing is generally not more than 150 m/s; secondly, the main sealing surface of the graphite seal is generally small in size, and the seal is easy to fail if damaged in the high-speed operation process; and thirdly, as the graphite seal belongs to contact seal, the friction power consumption is large, the friction heat is high, the long-term operation abrasion is serious, and the service life of the graphite seal is influenced.
The fishbone-shaped groove structure is arranged on the surface of the graphite sealing track, the defects of the three aspects are overcome, the overall structure is simple, the processing difficulty is the same as that of the traditional sealing structure, but the sealing performance and the service life are greatly improved, and the fishbone-shaped groove structure has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity, in particular to a fishbone-shaped groove runway structure suitable for graphite sealing of an aeroengine bearing cavity, which is a novel sealing structure for improving the sealing performance and prolonging the service life by arranging a fishbone-shaped groove on the peripheral surface of a sealing runway, and when a rotor runs at a high speed, the fishbone-shaped groove can generate dynamic pressure to improve the sealing performance of graphite sealing; meanwhile, the fishbone-shaped groove is formed, so that the contact area between the runway and the graphite ring is reduced, the friction power consumption and the friction heat are reduced, and the service life of graphite sealing is prolonged; when the engine is stopped suddenly, the sealing performance of the graphite seal can be kept for a certain time under the action of dynamic pressure. The sealing structure can meet the sealing requirement of a modern high-performance aircraft engine on lubricating oil of the bearing cavity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity, which is used for sealing lubricating oil in the bearing cavity and comprises a sealing runway and a graphite ring, wherein the sealing runway is arranged at the axial end part of the bearing cavity, the sealing runway is fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft, the graphite ring is arranged in a static mounting seat, at least one circumferential elastic piece is arranged in the static mounting seat, and the circumferential elastic piece is abutted against the outer circumferential surface of the graphite ring, so that the inner circumferential surface of the graphite ring is closely arranged with the outer circumferential surface of the sealing runway to form an axial sealing surface,
the fishbone-shaped groove is characterized in that at least one ring of fishbone-shaped grooves which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are consistent in orientation is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, each fishbone-shaped groove comprises a left side groove and a right side groove which are communicated with each other and have included angles, each of the left side groove and the right side groove comprises a head area, a middle area and a tail area which are distributed along the length direction of the left side groove and the right side groove, and the head areas of the left side groove and the right side groove are basically overlapped.
Preferably, the stationary mounting seat is further provided with an axial elastic member, and the axial elastic member abuts against the axial end face of one side of the graphite ring, so that the axial end face of the other side of the graphite ring is closely arranged with the radial extending surface of the stationary mounting seat to form a radial sealing surface.
Preferably, a high-pressure sealing cavity is arranged outside the bearing cavity, and the pressure of high-pressure sealing gas in the high-pressure sealing cavity is higher than the pressure of lubricating oil in the bearing cavity, so that the lubricating oil in the bearing cavity can be further prevented from leaking to the outside.
Preferably, in each fishbone-shaped groove, the included angle α between the left groove and the right groove is between 90 ° and 150 °, and is generally 120 °.
Preferably, in each circle of fishbone-shaped grooves, the included angle beta of every two adjacent fishbone-shaped grooves in the circumferential direction is 5-12 degrees.
Preferably, a plurality of circles of fishbone-shaped grooves are axially arranged on the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, and the axial distance B between every two adjacent circles of fishbone-shaped grooves is 18-40 mm.
Preferably, a plurality of circles of fishbone-shaped grooves are axially arranged on the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, and each circle of fishbone-shaped groove can be arranged according to the arrangement of the positive fishbone-shaped grooves, the arrangement of the reverse fishbone-shaped grooves or the combination of the positive fishbone-shaped grooves and the reverse fishbone-shaped grooves.
Preferably, in each fishbone-shaped groove, the width t of the fishbone-shaped groove is 0.1-0.6 mm, the depth h is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the radius R of the head area of the fishbone-shaped groove1At 2-6 mm, tail area radius R2The middle area is a straight groove or a curved groove with the thickness of 0.5-3 mm.
In the sealing structure suitable for the engine bearing cavity, the sealing runway and the graphite ring in the graphite seal are used in a matching way. When the engine works, the runway rotates along with the rotating shaft, the graphite ring keeps a static state all the time, friction is generated between the sealing runway and the graphite ring, and the pressure of high-pressure sealing gas in the high-pressure sealing cavity is higher than that of lubricating oil in the bearing cavity, so that the lubricating oil is further sealed, and leakage of the lubricating oil is prevented.
The invention relates to a sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity, which has the working principle that:
the sealing track is matched with a graphite ring in the graphite seal for use. When the engine runs stably, pressure can be generated in the fishbone-shaped groove formed in the surface of the sealing runway, so that lubricating oil is further prevented from leaking, and the sealing strengthening effect is achieved; after the fishbone-shaped groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, the contact area between the sealing runway and the graphite ring is reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life of graphite sealing is prolonged; after the fishbone-shaped groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, the contact area between the sealing runway and the graphite ring is reduced, the frictional heat and the frictional power consumption are reduced, the running linear speed of the graphite seal can be improved, and the use boundary of the graphite seal is widened.
Compared with the prior art, the sealing structure suitable for the engine bearing cavity can integrally improve the sealing performance and the service life of the graphite seal, and is characterized in that: 1) the structure is simple, the layout is reasonable, the processing is convenient, and the cost is controllable; 2) the sealing performance is improved by supplementing pressure through the fishbone-shaped groove under the condition of not increasing the sealing air volume; 3) the friction contact area is reduced, the friction power consumption and the friction heat are reduced, the linear speed of operation can be further improved, the use boundary of graphite sealing is widened, and the service life is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sealing track structure of a hairtail bone-shaped groove;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the fishbone-shaped groove;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft, sealing race track and graphite ring;
in the figure: 1. the bearing comprises a rotating shaft, 2 parts of a high-pressure sealing cavity, 3 parts of a sealing runway, 4 parts of a graphite ring, 5 parts of an axial elastic part, 6 parts of an elastic retainer ring, 7 parts of a baffle plate, 8 parts of a circumferential elastic part, 9 parts of a static mounting seat, 10 parts of a bearing cavity, 11 parts of a bearing, 12 parts of sealing gas, 13 parts of lubricating oil, 14 parts of a fishbone-shaped groove, 15 parts of a left side groove, 16 parts of a right side groove, 17 parts of a head area, 18 parts of a middle area and 19 parts of a tail area.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The structure and technical scheme of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and an embodiment of the present invention is provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the sealing structure of the present invention is suitable for an engine bearing cavity, especially for a graphite seal of an aircraft engine bearing cavity, and is used for sealing lubricating oil 13 in the bearing cavity 10, and includes a sealing runway 3 disposed at an axial end of the bearing cavity 10 and a graphite ring 4 used in cooperation with the sealing runway 3, the sealing runway 3 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, the graphite ring 4 is disposed in a stationary mounting seat 9, at least one circumferential elastic member 8 is disposed in the stationary mounting seat 9, and the circumferential elastic member 8 abuts against an outer circumferential surface of the graphite ring 4, so that an inner circumferential surface of the graphite ring 4 and an outer circumferential surface of the sealing runway 3 are arranged in an abutting manner to form an axial sealing surface. An axial elastic part 5 is further arranged in the static mounting seat 9, and the axial elastic part 5 abuts against the axial end face on one side of the graphite ring 4, so that the axial end face on the other side of the graphite ring 4 is closely arranged with the radial extending surface of the static mounting seat 9 to form a radial sealing surface.
As shown in fig. 2, in the sealing structure suitable for the engine bearing cavity of the present invention, at least one ring of fishbone-shaped grooves 14 uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction and facing uniformly is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing runway 3, wherein the fishbone-shaped grooves 14 formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sealing runway 3 are the outstanding features of the present invention, which are different from other sealing structures. The fishbone-shaped groove 14 comprises a left groove 15 and a right groove 16 which are communicated with each other and have included angles, the left groove 15 and the right groove 16 of each fishbone-shaped groove 14 are respectively composed of a head area 17, a middle area 18 and a tail area 19, and the head areas 17 of the left groove 15 and the right groove 16 are basically overlapped.
As shown in fig. 1, the graphite seal used in conjunction with the sealing runner 3 is composed of a graphite ring 4, an axial elastic member 5, a circlip 6, a baffle 7, and a circumferential elastic member 8. The circumferential elastic member 8 abuts on the outer circumferential surface of the graphite ring 4 so that the inner circumferential surface of the graphite ring 4 is closely arranged with the outer circumferential surface of the seal running 3 to form an axial seal surface. The axial elastic piece 5 is supported by the elastic retainer ring 6 and the baffle 7 to be abutted against the axial end face of one side of the graphite ring 4, so that the axial end face of the other side of the graphite ring 4 is closely attached to the radial extending surface of the static mounting seat 9 to form a radial sealing surface.
In the operation process of the aircraft engine, a certain amount of lubricating oil 13 is needed for lubricating and cooling a bearing 11 in a bearing cavity 10, in order to prevent the lubricating oil 13 from leaking, a high-pressure sealing cavity 2 is arranged outside the bearing cavity 10, and sealing is carried out by introducing a sealing gas 12 with higher pressure into the high-pressure sealing cavity 2. When the rotating shaft 1 rotates at a high speed, sealing friction is formed between the graphite ring 4 and the sealing runway 3, and lubricating oil is prevented from leaking.
When the engine normally runs, pressure can be generated in the fishbone groove 14 formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway 3 to supplement the original sealing effect, so that the sealing performance is improved. After the fishbone-shaped dynamic pressure groove 14 is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway 3, the contact area between the runway 3 and the graphite ring 4 is reduced, the abrasion is weakened, and the service life of graphite sealing is prolonged. After the fishbone dynamic pressure groove 14 is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway 3, the contact area between the runway 3 and the graphite ring 4 is reduced, the friction heat and the friction power consumption are reduced, the operation linear velocity is favorably improved, and the use boundary is widened.
As shown in figure 3, the width t of the fishbone groove 14 is typically 0.2mm, the depth h is typically 0.02mm, and the radius R of the head region 17 is1Typically 4mm, with a tail region 19 of radius R2Typically 1mm, the left side slots 15 are angled at an angle alpha of typically 120 deg. to the right side slots 16, and the central region 18 is straight. As shown in fig. 4, in each ring of fishbone-shaped grooves, the circumferential included angle β between two adjacent fishbone-shaped grooves 14 is 5 °.
As shown in fig. 3, a ring of fishbone-shaped grooves 14 or multiple rings of fishbone-shaped grooves 14 may be axially formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sealing track 3, and the distance B between two adjacent rings of fishbone-shaped grooves 14 in the axial direction is generally 20 mm.
CFD and experimental verification prove that under the condition of the same oil supply amount, the sealing effect of the hairtail bone-shaped groove runway is improved by 10-20% compared with that of the traditional runway, and the predicted operation life is prolonged by 15-30%.
The objects of the invention are fully effectively attained by the above discussion.Generally, the width t of the fishbone-shaped groove 14 is 0.1-0.6 mm, the depth h is 0.01-0.1 mm, and the radius R of the head area1At 2-6 mm, tail area radius R2The middle area can be a straight groove or a curved groove at 0.5-3 mm, the included angle alpha between the left side groove and the right side groove is 90-150 degrees, the included angle beta of every two fishbone-shaped grooves in the circumferential direction is 5-12 degrees, the peripheral surface of the sealing runway can be provided with one ring of fishbone-shaped grooves or a plurality of rings of fishbone-shaped grooves along the axial direction, and the axial distance B between every two adjacent rings of fishbone-shaped grooves is 18-40 mm. When the number of turns n of the fishbone-shaped grooves is greater than 1, each fishbone-shaped groove can be arranged according to the illustrated positive fishbone-shaped groove, and can also be combined with the reverse fishbone-shaped groove.
The object of the present invention is fully effectively achieved by the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention includes, but is not limited to, what is described in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing detailed description. While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A sealing structure suitable for an engine bearing cavity, which is used for sealing lubricating oil in the bearing cavity and comprises a sealing runway and a graphite ring, wherein the sealing runway is arranged at the axial end part of the bearing cavity, the sealing runway is fixedly sleeved on a rotating shaft, the graphite ring is arranged in a static mounting seat, at least one circumferential elastic piece is arranged in the static mounting seat, and the circumferential elastic piece is abutted against the outer circumferential surface of the graphite ring, so that the inner circumferential surface of the graphite ring is closely arranged with the outer circumferential surface of the sealing runway to form an axial sealing surface,
the fishbone-shaped groove is characterized in that at least one ring of fishbone-shaped grooves which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are consistent in orientation is formed in the peripheral surface of the sealing runway, each fishbone-shaped groove comprises a left side groove and a right side groove which are communicated with each other and have included angles, each of the left side groove and the right side groove comprises a head area, a middle area and a tail area which are distributed along the length direction of the left side groove and the right side groove, and the head areas of the left side groove and the right side groove are basically overlapped.
2. A sealing arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterised in that an axially resilient member is also provided in the stationary mounting block, the axially resilient member abutting against an axial end face of one side of the graphite ring such that the axial end face of the other side of the graphite ring lies against a radially extending surface of the stationary mounting block to form a radial sealing surface.
3. The sealing structure of the preceding claim, wherein a high-pressure sealing chamber is disposed outside the bearing chamber, and a pressure of the high-pressure sealing gas in the high-pressure sealing chamber is higher than a pressure of the lubricating oil in the bearing chamber, so as to further prevent the lubricating oil in the bearing chamber from leaking to the outside.
4. The seal structure of the preceding claim, wherein in each of said fishbone-shaped grooves, the angle α between said left and right grooves is between 90 ° and 150 °, typically 120 °.
5. The sealing structure of the preceding claim, wherein in each ring of fishbone-shaped grooves, the included angle β between two adjacent fishbone-shaped grooves in the circumferential direction is 5-12 °.
6. The sealing structure of the preceding claim, wherein a plurality of circles of fishbone-shaped grooves are axially formed in the outer peripheral surface of the sealing track, and the axial distance B between every two adjacent circles of fishbone-shaped grooves is 18-40 mm.
7. The sealing structure of the preceding claim, wherein a plurality of rings of fishbone-shaped grooves are axially formed in the outer circumferential surface of the sealing track, and each ring of fishbone-shaped grooves may be arranged in a regular fishbone-shaped groove arrangement, an inverse fishbone-shaped groove arrangement, or a combination of a regular fishbone-shaped groove and an inverse fishbone-shaped groove arrangement.
8. The seal structure of the preceding claim, wherein each of said fishbone-shaped grooves has a width t of 0.1-0.6 mm, a depth h of 0.01-0.1 mm, and a radius R of a head region of the fishbone-shaped groove1At 2-6 mm, tail area radius R2The middle area is a straight groove or a curved groove with the thickness of 0.5-3 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010842891.0A CN111998075B (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Sealing structure suitable for engine bearing cavity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010842891.0A CN111998075B (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Sealing structure suitable for engine bearing cavity |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111998075A true CN111998075A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| CN111998075B CN111998075B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| CN202010842891.0A Active CN111998075B (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Sealing structure suitable for engine bearing cavity |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113074817A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 中国航发长江动力有限公司 | Graphite sealing runway temperature measuring device |
| CN113090337A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-09 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Reverse shaft sealing device for double-rotor aircraft engine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120037292A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-19 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Motor and driving device of recording disk including the same |
| CN109578587A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | For sealing the circumference graphite grazing component of bearing bore |
-
2020
- 2020-08-20 CN CN202010842891.0A patent/CN111998075B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20120037292A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-19 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Motor and driving device of recording disk including the same |
| CN109578587A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | For sealing the circumference graphite grazing component of bearing bore |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113074817A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 中国航发长江动力有限公司 | Graphite sealing runway temperature measuring device |
| CN113074817B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 中国航发长江动力有限公司 | Graphite sealing runway temperature measuring device |
| CN113090337A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-07-09 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Reverse shaft sealing device for double-rotor aircraft engine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111998075B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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