CN111997641B - Direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and cutting method thereof - Google Patents
Direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and cutting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111997641B CN111997641B CN202010856178.1A CN202010856178A CN111997641B CN 111997641 B CN111997641 B CN 111997641B CN 202010856178 A CN202010856178 A CN 202010856178A CN 111997641 B CN111997641 B CN 111997641B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1006—Making by using boring or cutting machines with rotary cutting tools
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Abstract
The invention provides a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and a cutting method thereof, wherein the mechanism comprises a cutting spindle, a sealing shaft is rotatably arranged in the cutting spindle, and a hob is fixed at one end of the cutting spindle; the cutting main shaft and the sealing shaft are both connected with a motor; a sealing shaft axial flow passage is formed in the sealing shaft, and a sealing shaft radial flow passage and a sealing shaft arc-shaped groove flow passage are formed in the section, close to the cutter, of the sealing shaft; the sealing shaft axial flow passage, the sealing shaft radial flow passage and the sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage are communicated in sequence; the hobbing cutter is provided with a plurality of hobbing cutter body jet flow channels penetrating through the cutter body, and the plane where the hobbing cutter body jet flow channels are located is superposed with the plane where the sealing shaft circular arc groove channel is located. According to the invention, the sealing shaft, the cutting main shaft and the hob are matched to provide rotary abrasive jet flow, the abrasive jet flow performs pre-slotting on a contact place between the hob and a rock, and then the rotary hob extrudes the rock along the pre-slotted crack to finish efficient vibration cutting and crushing of the rock, so that the crushing efficiency of the rock is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock breaking, and particularly relates to a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and a cutting method thereof.
Background
The energy industry is the fundamental industry of national economy and is also a technology-intensive industry. In the resource consumption of China, the consumption of coal resources always accounts for the main part of the total consumption, and the energy of China is characterized by more coal and less oil, so the coal is irreplaceable as the main energy of China for a long period of time in the future. In recent years, the rapid development of economy in China has increased the demand for coal energy. Nowadays, coal mining in China gradually develops to deep and complex strata, and the problem of mining proportion imbalance caused by difficulty in rock roadway tunneling is a main reason for restricting coal mining in China.
The traditional mechanical rock breaking has the advantages of large breaking block size, high operation efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of mining, constructional engineering, resource exploration and the like. However, in the existing equipment, in the hard rock tunneling construction, problems of serious wear and drop of spherical teeth, low rock breaking efficiency, large dust amount and the like exist, the mechanical impact rock breaking capacity and efficiency, the service life of equipment and the reliability are greatly reduced, and how to realize safe and efficient breaking of hard coal rock becomes a key problem and a difficulty of efficient development of ore body resources such as deep-layer and complex-stratum coal and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and a cutting method thereof. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism is characterized by comprising a cutting spindle 4, wherein a sealing shaft 10 is rotatably mounted in the cutting spindle 4; a hob 8 is fixed at one end of the cutting spindle 4; wherein:
the cutting spindle 4 is a hollow stepped shaft, and the far cutter section of the cutting spindle 4 is connected with the output end of a spindle motor through a transmission mechanism; the cutting spindle 4 is rotatably arranged on a supporting mechanism;
the far section of the sealing shaft 10 is connected with the output end of a sealing shaft motor; the near cutter section of the sealing shaft 10 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the hob 8;
a sealing shaft axial flow passage 101 is formed in the sealing shaft 10, and a sealing shaft radial flow passage 104 is formed in the near cutter section of the sealing shaft 10 along the radial direction; a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow channel 103 is formed in the surface of the sealing shaft 10 close to the blade section; the sealing shaft axial flow channel 101, the sealing shaft radial flow channel 104 and the sealing shaft arc-shaped groove flow channel 103 are communicated in sequence;
the cutter body of the hob 8 is provided with a plurality of hob body jet flow channels 82 which penetrate through the cutter body along the radial direction, and the plane where the hob body jet flow channels 82 are located is superposed with the plane where the sealing shaft circular arc groove channel 103 is located.
Preferably, the seal shaft 10 is a stepped shaft, and includes a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft which are connected in sequence;
the diameters of the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are gradually reduced; the first shaft forms the proximal section of the seal shaft 10; the third shaft is connected with an output end key of a gear transmission mechanism; the input end of the gear transmission mechanism is connected with the output end of the sealing shaft motor;
the first shaft is provided with a sealing shaft radial flow passage 104 and a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103;
the third shaft is sleeved with a pair of first bearings 12; the outer ring of the first bearing 12 is matched with the cutting spindle 4; a first bearing 12 adjacent to the first shaft bears against a shoulder of the second shaft; a first bearing positioning frame 14 for positioning the pair of first bearings 12 is arranged between the pair of first bearings 12, between the first bearing 12 far away from the first shaft and the inner wall of the far cutter end of the cutting spindle 4; the first bearing locator 14 is sleeved on the third shaft.
Preferably, the cutting spindle 4 is a stepped shaft and comprises a fourth shaft, a fifth shaft and a sixth shaft which are sequentially connected;
the diameters of the fourth shaft, the fifth shaft and the sixth shaft are gradually increased; the fourth shaft forms a cutter-approaching section of the cutting spindle 4; the sixth shaft forms a shaft turbine in the transmission;
the transmission mechanism further comprises a pair of worms meshed with the sixth shaft; the worms are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the sixth shaft.
Preferably, the support mechanism comprises a pair of second bearings 13 sleeved on the fourth shaft, and an outer ring of the second bearing 13 is matched with an inner annular surface of an outer cylinder 7; the outer cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged relative to the cutting spindle 4;
a second bearing 13 adjacent to the sixth shaft bears against a shoulder of the sixth shaft;
a second bearing positioning frame 15 for positioning the pair of second bearings 13 is arranged between the pair of second bearings 13, between the second bearing 13 far away from the sixth shaft and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 7 close to the cutter end; the second bearing positioning frame 15 is sleeved on the fourth shaft.
Preferably, a snap structure is formed between the fourth shaft and the outer cylinder 7.
Preferably, the outer cylinder 7 comprises a housing and a sealing cover 6; a seal cap 6 is secured to the distal end of the housing against the shoulder of the sixth shaft.
Preferably, the hob 8 is a disc hob, and hob blades 81 distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the hob body; an abrasive jet nozzle 84 is provided at the outlet of the hob body jet flow channel 82.
Preferably, the proximal section of the seal shaft 10 is further provided with a seal shaft radial flow passage 104 communicating with the seal shaft axial flow passage 101 in the radial direction, and a pair of the seal shaft radial flow passages 104 are arranged at 90 degrees.
A cutting method of a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism comprises the following steps of:
1) the spindle motor is electrified to drive the cutting spindle 4 to rotate, so that the cutting spindle 4 and the hob 8 rotate; the abrasive jet flow generating device generates high-speed abrasive jet flow which is sprayed from a port of the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, and the abrasive jet flow sequentially flows through the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, the sealing shaft radial flow passage 104, the sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103 and the hobbing cutter body jet flow passage 82 and is finally sprayed from the cutter body;
2) a sealing shaft motor is electrified to drive a sealing shaft 10 to rotate so that the circular arc-shaped groove 103 of the sealing shaft faces the position where the hob 8 contacts with the rock, abrasive jet flow is cut at the position where the hob contacts with the rock in advance, and a circular arc-shaped crack surface is formed on the rock;
3) the hob 8 is wedged into a circular arc-shaped crack surface which is cut in advance, and the crack surface is extruded to realize cutting and crushing of hard rock.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) sealed axle, cutting spindle and hobbing cutter cooperation are in order to provide rotatory abrasive material efflux, and this abrasive material efflux carries out the slot in advance to the place of hobbing cutter and rock contact in advance, then rotatory hobbing cutter utilizes the high-efficient vibration cut breakage of hard rock mass resistance to compression non-tensile characteristic completion rock along the crack extrusion rock mass that cuts in advance, has reduced the broken rock degree of difficulty of dish hobbing cutter, has improved the crushing efficiency of hard rock mass, and can avoid the hobbing cutter excessive wear.
(2) The abrasive jet direction can be controlled by a sealing shaft motor, so that the formed high-speed abrasive jet direction is consistent with the contact direction of the hob and the rock, and the water and abrasive consumption of the high-speed abrasive jet are reduced.
(3) Because the direction of the high-speed abrasive jet flow is controllable, the mechanism can meet the rock breaking requirements in all directions, and the use limitation of the abrasive jet device with fixed rock breaking direction is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a direction controllable hydraulically assisted rock breaking mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the seal shaft of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cutting spindle of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the butterfly hob of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the outer tub in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sealing cap of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the worm of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the second bearing spacer of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second bearing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the drive gear of FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the driven gear in fig. 1.
Wherein, 1-driving gear, 2-driven gear, 3-key, 4-cutting spindle, 41-shaft turbine, 42-spindle circular arc groove, 43-spindle cylindrical groove, 5-worm, 51-worm key groove, 52-worm tooth, 6-sealing cover, 61-sealing cover countersunk screw hole, 7-outer cylinder, 71-shell circular arc sealing groove, 8-disc hob, 81-hob blade, 82-hob body jet flow channel, 83-hob countersunk screw hole, 84-abrasive jet nozzle, 9-fastening screw I, 10-sealing shaft, 101-sealing shaft axial flow channel, 102-sealing shaft key groove, 103-sealing shaft circular arc groove flow channel, 104-sealing shaft radial flow channel, 11-sealing ring, 12-a first bearing, 13-a second bearing, 14-a first bearing locating frame, 15-a second bearing locating frame and 16-a fastening screw II.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism comprises a cutting spindle 4, wherein a sealing shaft 10 is rotatably mounted in the cutting spindle 4; one end of the cutting spindle 4 fixes a hob 8 through a fastening screw I9; the high-speed abrasive jet generated by the external abrasive jet generating device is sprayed into the sealing shaft 10 from the sealing shaft jet inlet of the sealing shaft 10, flows into the hob 8 through the sealing shaft 10 and is sprayed out through the hob 8.
The distal section of the seal shaft 10 is connected to the output end of a seal shaft motor, as shown in fig. 1, which is used to drive the seal shaft 10 to rotate; the proximal section of the seal shaft 10 is clearance fitted to the inner diameter of the hob 8.
The structure of the sealing shaft 10 is shown in fig. 1-2, a sealing shaft axial flow passage 101 is formed in the sealing shaft, and a sealing shaft radial flow passage 104 is formed in the near-cutter section of the sealing shaft 10 along the radial direction; a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow channel 103 is formed in the surface of the sealing shaft 10 close to the blade section; the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, the sealing shaft radial flow passage 104 and the sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103 are communicated in sequence. Preferably, the proximal section of the seal shaft 10 is further opened with a seal shaft radial flow passage 104 communicating with the seal shaft axial flow passage 101 in the radial direction, and a pair of the seal shaft radial flow passages 104 are arranged at 90 degrees.
Specifically, the seal shaft 10 is a stepped shaft, and includes a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft which are connected in sequence; the diameters of the first, second and third shafts are tapered.
The first shaft forms the proximal section of the seal shaft 10; the third shaft is connected with an output end key of a gear transmission mechanism; the input end of the gear transmission mechanism is connected with the output end of the seal shaft motor, and as shown in fig. 10-11, the gear transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel meshed with the driving wheel; a sealing shaft radial flow passage 104 and a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103 are formed in the first shaft; a pair of first bearings 12 is sleeved on the third shaft; the outer ring of the first bearing 12 is matched with the cutting spindle 4; a first bearing 12 adjacent the first shaft bears against the shoulder of the second shaft; a first bearing positioning frame 14 for positioning the pair of first bearings 12 is arranged between the pair of first bearings 12, between the first bearing 12 far away from the first shaft and the inner wall of the far cutter end of the cutting spindle 4; the first bearing locator 14 is sleeved on the third shaft.
The cutting spindle 4 is a hollow stepped shaft, as shown in fig. 1, the distal section of the cutting spindle 4 is connected with the output end of a spindle motor through a transmission mechanism, the spindle motor is used for driving the cutting spindle 4 to rotate, and the rotation speed of the cutting spindle 4 is controlled by the spindle motor; the cutting spindle 4 drives the hob 8 to rotate; the cutting spindle 4 is rotatably mounted on a support mechanism.
Specifically, the cutting spindle 4 is a stepped shaft, as shown in fig. 3, and includes a fourth shaft, a fifth shaft and a sixth shaft which are connected in sequence; the diameters of the fourth shaft, the fifth shaft and the sixth shaft are gradually increased; the fourth shaft forms a cutter-near section of the cutting spindle 4, and 4 spindle cylindrical grooves 43 for mounting the hob 8 are processed on the end surface of the cutter-near end of the fourth shaft; the sixth shaft forms a shaft turbine in the transmission; the transmission mechanism further comprises a pair of worms 5 meshed with the sixth shaft; the worm 5 is symmetrically distributed about the axis of the sixth shaft, and the structure of the worm is shown in fig. 7, and the worm 5 comprises a worm key groove 51 and a worm tooth 52.
In the present embodiment, the supporting mechanism includes a pair of second bearings 13 sleeved on the fourth shaft, as shown in fig. 1, an outer ring of the second bearing 13 is engaged with an inner annular surface of an outer cylinder 7; the outer cylinder 7 is fixedly arranged relative to the cutting spindle 4 to support the cutting spindle 4 to rotate in the outer cylinder 7; meanwhile, the outer cylinder 7 can drive the hob 8 to move, so that the hob 8 is wedged into a pre-cut circular arc-shaped crack surface; the second bearing 13 adjacent to the sixth shaft bears against the shoulder of the sixth shaft; a second bearing positioning frame 15 for positioning the pair of second bearings 13 is arranged between the pair of second bearings 13, the second bearing 13 far away from the sixth shaft and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 7 close to the cutter end; the second bearing positioning frame 15 is sleeved on the fourth shaft. The structure of the second bearing locator 15 is shown in fig. 8, and the structure of the second bearing 13 is shown in fig. 9.
In this embodiment, a snap structure is formed between the fourth shaft and the outer cylinder 7. As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the outer cylinder 7 includes a housing and a seal cover 6; a seal cap 6 is secured to the distal end of the housing against the shoulder of the sixth shaft. As shown in fig. 6, the sealing cover 6 is in a step shape, the inner diameter of the sealing cover 6 is matched with the middle section of the cutting spindle 4 through the fifth shaft, 4 sealing cover countersunk screw holes 61 matched with the cylindrical groove of the shell are arranged on the thick diameter of the sealing cover 6, and the fastening screws II 16 are installed in the sealing cover countersunk screw holes 6-1 and the cylindrical groove 7-2 of the shell, so that the outer cylinder 7 and the sealing cover 6 are fixedly connected into a whole, and the thin diameter of the sealing cover only plays a role in positioning, and the shell 7 and the sealing cover 6 are ensured not to.
The hob 8 is a disc hob, as shown in fig. 4, the hob body is provided with hob blades 81 distributed along the circumferential direction; a plurality of hob body jet flow channels 82 which penetrate through the hob body are radially arranged on the hob body of the hob 8; the plane where the jet flow channel 82 of the hob body is located is superposed with the plane where the circular arc groove channel 103 of the sealing shaft is located; an abrasive jet nozzle 84 is provided at the outlet of the hob body jet flow channel 82.
Specifically, the hob body of the hob 8 is in a boss shape, the axis position of the boss is hollow, 12 hob body jet flow channels 82 are uniformly distributed in the radial direction of the hob body, and an abrasive jet nozzle 84 is installed at the outlet of each hob body jet flow channel 82. The hob cutter 8 is far away from the end face of the cutting main shaft 4 and is provided with a hob cutter countersunk head screw hole 83, the hob cutter countersunk head screw hole 83 is internally matched with a fastening screw I9, namely, the hob cutter 8 is installed on the end face of the near cutter end of the fourth shaft of the cutting main shaft 4 through the fastening screw I9, so that the hob cutter 8 and the cutting main shaft 4 are fixedly connected into a whole.
Therefore, a sealing shaft 10 is arranged in the hob 8 and the cutting main shaft 4, a first shaft of the sealing shaft 10 close to the cutter end is connected with the inner diameter of the cutter body of the disc hob in a matching manner, a third shaft of the sealing shaft 10 far from the cutter end is connected with the inner diameter of the cutting main shaft 4 through a first bearing 12, and a first bearing positioning frame 14 is further arranged on the sealing shaft 10 for positioning the second bearing 12; the driven gear 2 is connected and installed on the sealing shaft key groove 102 at the distal end of the sealing shaft 10 through the key 3, the driving gear 1 is installed on the output shaft of the sealing shaft motor, and the driving gear 1 and the driven gear 2 are engaged with each other, so that the rotation of the sealing shaft 10 is controlled by the sealing shaft motor.
The outer part of the cutting spindle 4 is an outer cylinder 7, the fourth shaft of the cutting spindle 4 close to the cutter end is in direct interference fit with the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 7 close to the cutter end, and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 7 far from the cutter end is connected with the cutting spindle 4 through a second bearing 13.
The clamping structure between the cutting spindle 4 and the outer cylinder 7 comprises a spindle arc-shaped groove 42 on a fourth shaft on the spindle of the cutting spindle 4 and a shell arc-shaped groove 71 on the outer cylinder 7, and a sealing ring 11 is arranged in a sealing groove formed by matching the spindle arc-shaped groove 42 with the shell arc-shaped groove 71; in order to fix the second bearing 13 and prevent sliding during operation, a second bearing positioning frame 15 is arranged on the fourth shaft of the cutting spindle 4; the sealing cover 6 is mounted on the end face of the distal end of the outer cylinder 7 by a fastening screw ii 16 to seal the second bearing 13.
When the mechanism is in a working state, the port of a sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, a sealing shaft radial flow passage 104, a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103, a hob body jet flow passage 82 and an abrasive jet nozzle 84 of the mechanism are sequentially communicated.
The 12 hob body jet flow channels 82 on the hob body of the hob 8 are mutually independent, and the plane of the jet flow channels is superposed with the plane of the circular arc-shaped groove channel 103 of the sealing shaft. When some hob body jet flow channels 82 of the hob body are communicated with the sealing shaft circular arc-shaped groove flow channel 103, abrasive jet flows pass through the hob body jet flow channels 82, the abrasive jet nozzles 84 communicated with the hob body jet flow channels 82 are in a working state to form high-speed abrasive jet flows, and other non-communicated hob body jet flow channels 82 and abrasive jet nozzles 84 are in a non-working state.
The principle of the controllable direction of the abrasive jet by the rotation of the sealing shaft 10 is: when the cutting spindle 4 rotates, the high-pressure jet column ejected by the abrasive jet nozzle 84 in the working state rotates along with the rotation of the hob 8, when the hob 8 rotates rapidly, the jet of the hob 8 is not cylindrical but fan-shaped, the largest fan-shaped radian is the radian of the circular arc-shaped groove flow channel 103 of the sealing shaft, and the direction is also the direction of the circular arc-shaped groove flow channel 103 of the sealing shaft, so that the direction of the abrasive jet can be controlled by controlling the rotation of the sealing shaft 10, the direction of the formed high-speed abrasive jet is the contact direction of the disc hob 8 and rocks, and the water and abrasive consumption of the high-pressure abrasive jet are greatly saved. In addition, as the direction of the abrasive jet flow is controllable, the mechanism can realize rock breaking in any direction, and the flexibility of the mechanism is improved.
In conclusion, the cutting method based on the direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the spindle motor is electrified to drive the worm 5 to rotate, so that the cutting spindle 4 and the hob 8 have a certain rotating speed; meanwhile, high-speed abrasive jet generated by the abrasive jet generating device is sprayed into the grinding wheel from the right end opening of the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, and the abrasive jet flows through the sealing shaft axial flow passage 101, the sealing shaft radial flow passage 104, the sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage 103 and the hobbing cutter body jet flow passage 82 in sequence and is finally sprayed out from the abrasive jet nozzle 84 on the cutter body. Because the hob 8 has a certain rotation speed, the abrasive jet will also rotate along with the rotation of the hob 8, and the final rotation radian coincides with the radian corresponding to the circular arc-shaped groove 103 of the seal shaft.
(2) The sealing shaft motor is electrified to drive the sealing shaft 10 to rotate so that the circular arc-shaped groove 103 of the sealing shaft faces the position where the hob 8 is about to contact with the rock, so that the generated abrasive jet flow can cut at the position where the hob contacts with the rock in advance to form a circular arc-shaped crack surface on the rock;
(3) the hob 8 is wedged into a pre-cut circular arc-shaped crack surface to extrude the crack surface so as to realize cutting and crushing of hard rock. Because the disc cutter gradually thickens from the cutting edge to the cutter body, when the disc cutter is continuously cut into the rock mass along the crack, the cutter can extrude the crack surface, so that the rock is expanded and broken, and a rock block with large block size is formed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism is characterized by comprising a cutting spindle (4), wherein a sealing shaft (10) is rotatably mounted in the cutting spindle (4); a hob (8) is fixed at one end of the cutting spindle (4); wherein:
the cutting spindle (4) is a hollow stepped shaft, and the far cutter section of the cutting spindle (4) is connected with the output end of a spindle motor through a transmission mechanism; the cutting spindle (4) is rotatably arranged on a supporting mechanism;
the far knife section of the sealing shaft (10) is connected with the output end of a sealing shaft motor; the cutter close section of the sealing shaft (10) is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the hob (8);
a sealing shaft axial flow passage (101) is formed in the sealing shaft (10), and a sealing shaft radial flow passage (104) is formed in the cutter-near section of the sealing shaft (10) along the radial direction; a sealing shaft circular arc groove flow channel (103) is formed in the surface, close to the cutter section, of the sealing shaft (10); the sealing shaft axial flow channel (101), the sealing shaft radial flow channel (104) and the sealing shaft arc-shaped groove flow channel (103) are communicated in sequence;
a plurality of hob body jet flow channels (82) penetrating through the hob body are radially formed in the hob body of the hob (8), and the plane where the hob body jet flow channels (82) are located is superposed with the plane where the sealing shaft circular arc groove channel (103) is located;
the sealing shaft (10) is a stepped shaft and comprises a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft which are sequentially connected;
the diameters of the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are gradually reduced; the first shaft forming a proximal section of the seal shaft (10); the third shaft is connected with an output end key of a gear transmission mechanism; the input end of the gear transmission mechanism is connected with the output end of the sealing shaft motor;
the first shaft is provided with a sealing shaft radial flow passage (104) and a sealing shaft arc-shaped groove flow passage (103);
the third shaft is sleeved with a pair of first bearings (12); the outer ring of the first bearing (12) is matched with the cutting spindle (4); a first bearing (12) adjacent the first shaft bears against a shoulder of the second shaft; a first bearing positioning frame (14) for positioning the pair of first bearings (12) is arranged between the pair of first bearings (12), between the first bearing (12) far away from the first shaft and the inner wall of the far cutter end of the cutting spindle (4); the first bearing positioning frame (14) is sleeved on the third shaft.
2. The direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting spindle (4) is a stepped shaft comprising a fourth shaft, a fifth shaft and a sixth shaft which are connected in sequence;
the diameters of the fourth shaft, the fifth shaft and the sixth shaft are gradually increased; the fourth shaft forms a cutter-approaching section of the cutting spindle (4); the sixth shaft forms a shaft turbine in the transmission;
the transmission mechanism further comprises a pair of worms meshed with the sixth shaft; the worms are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the sixth shaft.
3. The direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a pair of second bearings (13) sleeved on the fourth shaft, and the outer ring of the second bearings (13) is matched with the inner annular surface of an outer cylinder (7); the outer cylinder (7) is fixedly arranged relative to the cutting spindle (4);
-a second bearing (13) adjacent to the sixth shaft bears against a shoulder of the sixth shaft;
a second bearing positioning frame (15) for positioning the pair of second bearings (13) is arranged between the pair of second bearings (13), between the second bearing (13) far away from the sixth shaft and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (7) close to the cutter end; the second bearing locating rack (15) is sleeved on the fourth shaft.
4. The directionally controllable, hydraulically assisted rock breaking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that a snap-fit structure is formed between the fourth shaft and the outer cylinder (7).
5. The directionally controllable, hydraulically assisted rock breaking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer cylinder (7) comprises a housing and a sealing cover (6); and the sealing cover (6) is fixed at the far knife end of the shell and props against the shaft shoulder of the sixth shaft.
6. The direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hob (8) is a disc-shaped hob, and the hob body is provided with hob cutting edges (81) distributed along the circumferential direction; an abrasive jet nozzle (84) is arranged at the outlet of the jet flow channel (82) of the hob body.
7. The direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism is characterized in that the near cutter section of the sealing shaft (10) is further provided with a pair of sealing shaft radial flow channels (104) communicated with the sealing shaft axial flow channel (101) in the radial direction, and the pair of sealing shaft radial flow channels (104) are arranged at 90 degrees.
8. A cutting method of a direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism is based on any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the spindle motor is electrified to drive the cutting spindle (4) to rotate, so that the cutting spindle (4) and the hob (8) rotate; the high-speed abrasive jet generated by the abrasive jet generating device is sprayed into the sealing shaft axial flow passage (101) from a port, and the abrasive jet flows through the sealing shaft axial flow passage (101), the sealing shaft radial flow passage (104), the sealing shaft circular arc groove flow passage (103) and the hobbing cutter body jet flow passage (82) in sequence and is finally sprayed out of the cutter body;
(2) a sealing shaft motor is electrified to drive a sealing shaft (10) to rotate so that a sealing shaft circular arc groove runner (103) faces to the position where the hob (8) contacts with the rock, abrasive jet flow is cut at the positions where the hob and the rock contact in advance, and a circular arc crack surface is formed on the rock;
(3) the hob (8) is wedged into the circular arc-shaped crack surface which is cut in advance, and the crack surface is extruded to realize cutting and crushing of the hard rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010856178.1A CN111997641B (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and cutting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010856178.1A CN111997641B (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Direction-controllable hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking mechanism and cutting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111997641A CN111997641A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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| CN1434891A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2003-08-06 | 迪尔特维尔德凡有限公司 | Jet regulator |
| CN2437414Y (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2001-07-04 | 陈玉凡 | Multifunctional rotary high-pressure water jet nozzle |
| CN105239928A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Ultrahigh-pressure swirling abrasive water jet drilling machine |
| CN108086990A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of mole of solid rock |
| CN108547627A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-09-18 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of oscillatory type hard rock cutting mechanism with the orientation advanced joint-cutting function of high speed abradant jet |
| CN110056363A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of solid rock lane rock tunnel(ling) machine of hobboing cutter active rotation |
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