CN111996325B - Method and tool for quickly cleaning burner of hot blast stove - Google Patents
Method and tool for quickly cleaning burner of hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN111996325B CN111996325B CN202010671377.5A CN202010671377A CN111996325B CN 111996325 B CN111996325 B CN 111996325B CN 202010671377 A CN202010671377 A CN 202010671377A CN 111996325 B CN111996325 B CN 111996325B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/10—Other details, e.g. blast mains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/02—Brick hot-blast stoves
- C21B9/04—Brick hot-blast stoves with combustion shaft
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a tool for quickly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a cleaning tool, which comprises a comb harrow and a plate harrow; after the blast furnace stops blowing, the hot blast stove closes all valves according to the furnace closing requirement, opens the backflow valve and maintains the full-open state; after the coal gas system catches the coal, the external steel shell and the internal refractory material of the ignition hole are disassembled; cleaning the refractory bricks above the combustor by using a cleaning tool until the refractory bricks are cleaned out of the grid holes of the combustor; removing an inspection manhole below the burner, wherein the inspection manhole is positioned between the air and gas branch pipes of the hot blast stove and the burner, and the inspection manhole enters the interior of the hot blast stove to clean channels of the air and gas branch pipes; after cleaning, plugging the inner refractory material of the ignition hole according to the original design drawing, and reinstalling the outer steel shell and the inspection manhole. The invention has short cleaning time, can be synchronously implemented by utilizing the fixed repair time of the blast furnace, has good cleaning effect of the burner and obvious air temperature return rise, and can eliminate the potential safety hazard caused by gas segregation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace hot blast stove technology, in particular to a method and a tool for quickly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove.
Background
The internal combustion type hot blast stove burner is arranged at the bottom of a fire well, and can completely fall into a burner area after bricks collapse are generated above the fire well, massive refractory bricks are piled on the surface of the burner, and fine refractory bricks can fall into an air channel and a coal gas channel below the burner from top to bottom. The grid holes above the burner and the air and gas channels below the burner are blocked, so that the burning amount of the gas is greatly reduced when the hot blast stove burns, and the heat storage amount of the regenerator and the temperature of the air delivered out are also greatly reduced. Meanwhile, because the grid holes above the burner are blocked unevenly, the gas which can penetrate through the refractory bricks is unevenly distributed, the gas is easy to combust and segregate when the furnace is fired, and the safety risks of high CO content, pipe explosion of a flue and burning through of the large wall of the hot blast stove body at the burner part and the like generated by the incomplete combustion of the gas exist. The temperature limit of the silica brick hot blast stove for arch crown cooling is usually required to be more than 900 ℃, and the heat dissipation capacity is large and the arch crown temperature can be rapidly reduced in the process of opening a manhole to clean refractory bricks, so that the time limit requirement for cleaning a burner by the silica brick hot blast stove is very high. And the ignition hole of the internal combustion type hot blast stove and the surface of the burner have height difference of 400-600 mm. The manhole above the temporary stop-burning hot blast stove burner is opened at least more than 1000 ℃, and under the condition of high time limit requirement, the temporary stop-burning hot blast stove burner is difficult to clean completely without a special tool. The existing processing mode is as follows: according to the combustor surface dips from chi position and cuts open the hot-blast furnace steel casing in the manhole below, newly open a hole, the chi of hanging from the beginning clears up the brick, and the back that finishes of clearance, the steel casing welding, inside refractory material use the pouring material to fill and resume, nevertheless because the combustor inside temperature is high, refractory material pouring operation degree of difficulty is big, and effect stability is poor, leads to the high reddening of temperature around the new trompil hole when the blast furnace air supply, has the safety risk.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for quickly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove. The invention has short cleaning time and can be synchronously implemented by utilizing the fixed repair time of the blast furnace; the burner has good cleaning effect, the air temperature rises obviously, compared with the traditional method of re-drilling and cleaning the brick under the manhole, the method has the advantages that the safety risk of worries is avoided, and the potential safety hazard caused by gas segregation can be eliminated; greatly improves the technical indexes of the blast furnace condition, the fuel consumption reduction and the like. The invention also provides a tool for quickly cleaning the burner of the hot blast stove, which is simple to manufacture, can be provided with a set of equipment by matching with the method of the invention, and has good cleaning effect, simple use mode and easy operation.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for quickly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a cleaning tool;
s2, after the blast furnace stops blowing, closing all valves of the hot blast furnace according to the furnace closing requirement, opening the backflow valve and maintaining the full-open state;
s3, detaching the steel shell outside the ignition hole and the inner refractory material after the coal gas system drives the coal;
s4, cleaning the refractory bricks above the burner by using a cleaning tool until the refractory bricks are cleaned out of the grid holes of the burner;
s5, removing an inspection manhole below the burner, wherein the inspection manhole is positioned between the air and gas branch pipes of the hot blast stove and the burner, and the inspection manhole enters the inside of the hot blast stove to clean channels of the air and gas branch pipes;
and S6, after cleaning, plugging the inner refractory material of the ignition hole according to the original design drawing, and reinstalling the outer steel shell and the inspection manhole.
Further, in step S2, the step of meeting the furnace stuffiness requirement further includes: gradually closing the air and gas branch pipes to slowly weaken the air supply and air induction until the air and gas branch pipes are completely closed and simultaneously closing all other valves so as to gradually finish cooling in the combustor.
Further, in the step S3, the step of removing the coal includes: and continuously filling inert gas into the combustor by using the opened backflow valve to purge all pipelines of the hot blast stove, and detecting the gas concentration in the air and gas branch pipes after the completion.
Further, in the step of removing the coal, the filled inert gas is nitrogen, the filling time is at least 15 minutes, and the concentration of the coal gas in the air and coal gas branch pipes needs to reach the requirement of less than 24 ppm.
Further, in the step S3, in the process of detaching the refractory material inside the ignition hole, if hot air still emerges from the ignition hole, the flue valve is opened to maintain the negative pressure state in the hot blast stove.
Further, in step S4, the firebrick is cleaned in the following manner: firstly cleaning the refractory bricks far away from the ignition hole, and then cleaning the refractory bricks close to the ignition hole and having a larger height difference with the outlet of the ignition hole.
Further, in step S5, the passages of the air and gas branch pipes are cleaned, and the opening strokes of the valves communicating with the air and gas branch pipes are checked to ensure that the opening of the valves does not affect the gas burning amount.
The utility model provides a hot-blast stove combustor clears up instrument fast, includes comb harrow and board harrow, comb harrow and board harrow all include the straight-bar, the straight-bar one end of comb harrow is equipped with the first harrow body of comb form, the straight-bar one end of board harrow is equipped with the platelike second harrow body, second harrow body is equipped with bellied frame all around.
Further, the comb harrow comprises a first comb harrow and a second comb harrow, wherein a first harrow body of the first comb harrow is perpendicular to the straight rod, and an angle formed by the first harrow body of the second comb harrow and the straight rod is 60-80 degrees; the harrow comprises a first harrow body and a second harrow body, the second harrow body of the first harrow body is perpendicular to the straight rod, and the angle formed by the second harrow body of the second harrow body and the straight rod is 60-80 degrees.
Further, the straight rod is a galvanized pipe with the diameter of 30-40mm, the length of the straight rod is larger than the maximum width of the burner, and the height of the protruding part of the frame is 40-60 mm.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has short cleaning time and can be synchronously implemented by utilizing the fixed repair time of the blast furnace; the combustor clearance is effectual, and the wind temperature rises back obviously, compares traditional trompil clear brick again under the manhole, not only does not have the safety risk of worries after, still can eliminate the potential safety hazard because of gas segregation causes simultaneously, has very big improvement to technical indicators such as blast furnace condition, fuel consumption reduction.
2. After the method is implemented, the vault temperature is more than 950 ℃, the grid holes are cleaned above the combustor 1, the interiors of the air and gas branch pipes 4 are cleaned, and the gas burning amount is 50000m under the normal gas pressure3H is increased to 80000m3The effect is obvious, the air temperature rises by about 10-20 ℃, the technical indexes such as blast furnace condition, fuel consumption reduction and the like are greatly improved, and the safety risk is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a hot blast stove burner according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first comb tine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second comb tine of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first rake of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second rake according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a combustor, 2-an ignition hole, 3-a straight rod, 4-an air and gas branch pipe, 5-a combustion chamber, 6-a heat accumulation chamber, 7-a flue valve, 8-a first rake body, 9-a second rake body, 10-a first comb rake, 11-a second comb rake, 12-a first plate rake and 13-a second plate rake.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
It should be noted that all the directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" referred to herein are used with respect to the view of the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solution.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a method and a tool for rapidly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove comprise the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a cleaning tool, wherein the cleaning tool comprises a first comb rake 10, a second comb rake 11, a first plate rake 12 and a second plate rake 13: the first comb rake 10 and the second comb rake 11 are both composed of a straight rod 3 and a first rake body 8, the first rake body 8 is comb-shaped, and the difference is that the straight rod 3 of the first comb rake 10 is perpendicular to the first rake body 8, and the angle formed by the straight rod 3 of the second comb rake 11 and the first rake body 8 is 70 degrees; the first harrow plate 12 and the second harrow plate 13 are both composed of straight rods 3 and second harrow plates 9, the second harrow plates 9 are platy, and are provided with raised frames around, the height of each raised frame is 50mm, and the second harrow plates are used for ensuring that refractory bricks which are broken or are too close to an outlet and difficult to clean can be cleaned more conveniently. The first rake 12 and the second rake 13 are different in that the straight rod 3 of the first rake 12 is perpendicular to the second rake body 9, and the angle formed by the straight rod 3 of the second rake 13 and the second rake body 9 is 70 °. In addition, the straight rods 3 of the four rakes are all made into galvanized pipes with the diameter of 35mm, have certain rigidity, are prevented from being easily bent or broken due to high temperature, and have the length which is larger than the maximum width of the burner 1, so that the straight rods can be used for providing refractory bricks at the positions farthest away from the ignition holes 2. In addition, the tool can be provided with more types of rakes, such as rakes angled at 60 ° or 80 °, or with hinges and fasteners at the connection to facilitate different angle cleaning of refractory bricks and temporary replacement.
S2, after the blast furnace is stopped, the hot blast stove closes all valves according to the furnace closing requirement, opens the backflow valve and maintains the full-open state. Wherein, the steps according to the furnace stuffiness requirement comprise: gradually closing the air and gas branch pipes 4 to slowly weaken the air supply and air induction of the air and gas branch pipes until the air and gas branch pipes 4 are completely closed and all other valves are closed simultaneously, so that the temperature in the combustor 1 is gradually reduced. The purpose of the furnace is to take protective measures for preventing the hearth from being cooled too fast when the furnace is stopped. After the furnace closing step is finished, the backflow valves, which are not shown in the figure, are opened and are arranged on the pipelines to guide the pipelines and the air in the furnace to flow in the opposite directions, so that the circulation of the air is kept, and the effect of continuously cooling is obtained.
S3, after coal is removed by the coal gas system, the steel shell outside the ignition hole 2 and the internal refractory material are disassembled. The step of removing coal comprises: and (3) continuously filling inert gas into the combustor by using the opened backflow valve to purge all pipelines of the hot blast stove, and detecting the gas concentration in the air and gas branch pipes 4 after the completion. The inert gas is filled into the gas pipeline, the filling time is at least 15 minutes, the gas concentration in the air and gas branch pipe 4 needs to reach the requirement of less than 24ppm, the ppm concentration is the concentration expressed by the volume of gas in the million parts of the total volume of gas, also called the million parts concentration, 24ppm is the volume of carbon monoxide which is required to be 0.0024 percent of the total volume of air, so that the following steps of manual cleaning and the like have enough working time. In the process of disassembling the refractory material in the ignition hole 2, if hot air still emerges from the ignition hole 2, the flue valve 7 is opened to promote the interior of the hot blast stove to maintain a negative pressure state.
And S4, cleaning the refractory bricks above the burner by using a cleaning tool until the grid holes of the burner are cleaned. Firstly, raking refractory bricks on a burner 1 towards a manhole or an ignition hole 2 by using a first comb rake 10 and a first plate rake 12 with vertical ruler angles, and then cleaning the refractory bricks with large fall close to the ignition hole 2 by using a second comb rake 11 and a second plate rake 13 with smaller angles until the refractory bricks are cleaned out of the burner 1.
S5, removing an inspection manhole below the burner, wherein the inspection manhole is located between the air and gas branch pipe 4 and the burner 1 of the hot blast stove, and the inspection manhole enters the inside of the hot blast stove, so that a channel of the air and gas branch pipe 4 is cleaned, and falling dust, fragments of refractory bricks possibly falling in the previous step and the like are mainly cleaned. Meanwhile, the opening strokes of the valves communicated with the air and gas branch pipes 4 are checked, so that the opening of the valves is ensured not to influence the gas burning amount, the subsequent production recovery is facilitated, and the blockage is avoided.
And S6, after cleaning, plugging the inner refractory material of the ignition hole 2 according to the original design drawing, and reinstalling the outer steel shell and the inspection manhole.
The invention can be popularized and applied to cleaning of the combustion type silica brick hot blast stove burner in large, medium and small blast furnaces in the iron-making industry. The special tool is easy to manufacture and clean, the actual cleaning takes 16 hours, and the cleaning can be synchronously implemented by using the fixed maintenance of the blast furnace; the combustor clearance is effectual, and the wind temperature rises back obviously, compares traditional trompil clear brick again under the manhole, not only does not have the safety risk of worries after, still can eliminate the potential safety hazard because of gas segregation causes simultaneously, has very big improvement to technical indicators such as blast furnace condition, fuel consumption reduction. Detailed description of the inventionThe temperature of the vault is above 950 ℃, grid holes are cleaned above the combustor 1, the interiors of the air and gas branch pipes 4 are cleaned, and the maximum burning-in amount of the gas is 50000m under the normal gas pressure3H is increased to 80000m3The effect is obvious, the air temperature rises by about 10-20 ℃, the technical indexes such as blast furnace condition, fuel consumption reduction and the like are greatly improved, and the safety risk is eliminated.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: from the structural analysis of internal combustion type hot blast stove, after the brick collapse takes place above the fire shaft, all fall into combustor 1 region, and the bold firebrick is piled on combustor 1 surface, and tiny firebrick then can fall into air, coal gas branch pipe 4 below combustor 1 from top to bottom. The upper grid holes and the lower air and gas branch pipes 4 of the combustor 1 are blocked, and the upper part and the lower part of the combustor 1 must be cleaned up to achieve the cleaning effect. To solve the problem of cleaning the height difference above the combustor 1, a special tool must be manufactured: the length must be up to the maximum distance of the burner 1; rigidity: no deformation at high temperature for a long time; the tail end of the rake for manufacturing the large refractory bricks is comb-shaped, and the tail end of the rake for manufacturing the small refractory bricks is a plate rake; besides manufacturing a set of first comb harrow 10 and first plate harrow 12 with a vertical ruler angle, a set of second comb harrow 11 and second plate harrow 13 with a large angle are manufactured according to the included angle between the central line of the burner 1 and the operating point at the bottom of the manhole, so that refractory bricks with large height difference close to the ignition hole can be cleaned. Firstly, raking refractory bricks on the combustor 1 towards the outside of a manhole by using a first comb rake 10 and a first plate rake 12 which are at a vertical ruler angle, and then cleaning the refractory bricks which are close to ignition holes and have larger height difference by using a second comb rake 11 and a second plate rake 13 which are at a large angle until the refractory bricks are cleaned out of the holes of the combustor 1. After the upper part of the combustor 1 is cleaned, the channels of the air and the gas branch pipe 4 below the combustor 1 are cleaned, and the air and the gas branch pipe 4 of the hot blast stove below the combustor 1 are firstly removed and enter the two maintenance manholes in front of the combustor, so that the air and the gas branch pipe enter the combustor to be cleaned. After the upper part and the lower part of the burner 1 influencing the gas combustion are cleaned, the gas quantity of a burning furnace can be greatly increased, the heat storage quantity and the air temperature dip rod of the hot blast stove can be lifted back, compared with the traditional method of re-drilling and cleaning bricks under a manhole, the method has the advantages that the worried safety risk is avoided, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard caused by gas segregation can be eliminated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for quickly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a cleaning tool, wherein the cleaning tool comprises a comb rake and a plate rake, the comb rake and the plate rake both comprise a straight rod (3), a comb-shaped first rake body (8) is arranged at one end of the straight rod (3) of the comb rake, a plate-shaped second rake body (9) is arranged at one end of the straight rod (3) of the plate rake, and a raised frame is arranged on the periphery of the second rake body (9); the comb harrow comprises a first comb harrow (10) and a second comb harrow (11), wherein a first harrow body (8) of the first comb harrow (10) is vertical to the straight rod (3), and an angle formed by the first harrow body (8) of the second comb harrow (11) and the straight rod (3) is 60-80 degrees; the plate harrow comprises a first plate harrow (12) and a second plate harrow (13), wherein a second harrow body (9) of the first plate harrow (12) is vertical to the straight rod (3), and an angle formed by the second harrow body (9) of the second plate harrow (13) and the straight rod (3) is 60-80 degrees;
s2, after the blast furnace stops blowing, closing all valves of the hot blast furnace according to the furnace closing requirement, opening the backflow valve and maintaining the full-open state;
s3, detaching the steel shell outside the ignition hole and the inner refractory material after the coal gas system drives the coal;
s4, cleaning the refractory bricks above the burner by using a cleaning tool until the refractory bricks are cleaned out of the grid holes of the burner;
s5, removing an inspection manhole below the burner, wherein the inspection manhole is positioned between the air and gas branch pipes of the hot blast stove and the burner, and the inspection manhole enters the inside of the hot blast stove to clean channels of the air and gas branch pipes;
s6, after cleaning, plugging the inner refractory material of the ignition hole according to the original design drawing, and reinstalling the outer steel shell and the inspection manhole;
wherein the step of driving coal in the step S3 includes: continuously filling inert gas into the combustor by using the opened backflow valve to purge all pipelines of the hot blast stove, and detecting the gas concentration in the air and gas branch pipes after the purging is finished; the inert gas is nitrogen, the filling time is at least 15 minutes, and the gas concentration in the air and gas branch pipes needs to reach the requirement of less than 24 ppm.
2. The method for rapidly cleaning a burner of a hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein the step of meeting the furnace closing requirement in the step S2 further comprises: gradually closing the air and gas branch pipes to slowly weaken the air supply and air induction until the air and gas branch pipes are completely closed and simultaneously closing all other valves so as to gradually finish cooling in the combustor.
3. The method of rapidly cleaning the burner of the hot blast stove as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, during the process of detaching the refractory material inside the ignition hole, if hot gas still emerges from the ignition hole, the flue valve is opened to promote the negative pressure state in the hot blast stove.
4. The rapid cleaning method of the burner of the hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the refractory bricks are cleaned in a manner of: firstly cleaning the refractory bricks far away from the ignition hole, and then cleaning the refractory bricks close to the ignition hole and having a larger height difference with the outlet of the ignition hole.
5. The method for rapidly cleaning the burner of the hot blast stove as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the opening stroke of the valve connected to the branch pipes of the air and the gas is checked while the passage of the branch pipes of the air and the gas is cleaned, so as to ensure that the opening of the valve does not affect the burning amount of the gas.
6. The fast cleaning tool for the burner of the hot blast stove is characterized by comprising a comb rake and a plate rake, wherein the comb rake and the plate rake both comprise straight rods (3), a comb-shaped first rake body (8) is arranged at one end of each straight rod (3) of the comb rake, a plate-shaped second rake body (9) is arranged at one end of each straight rod (3) of the plate rake, and a raised frame is arranged on the periphery of each second rake body (9);
the comb harrow comprises a first comb harrow (10) and a second comb harrow (11), wherein a first harrow body (8) of the first comb harrow (10) is vertical to the straight rod (3), and an angle formed by the first harrow body (8) of the second comb harrow (11) and the straight rod (3) is 60-80 degrees; the harrow comprises a first harrow body (12) and a second harrow body (13), wherein the second harrow body (9) of the first harrow body (12) is perpendicular to the straight rod (3), and the angle formed by the second harrow body (9) of the second harrow body (13) and the straight rod (3) is 60-80 degrees.
7. The tool for rapidly cleaning the burner of the hot blast stove according to claim 6, wherein the straight rod (3) is a galvanized pipe with a diameter of 30-40mm, the length of the straight rod (3) is greater than the maximum width of the burner (1), and the protruding height of the frame is 40-60 mm.
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| CN202010671377.5A CN111996325B (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Method and tool for quickly cleaning burner of hot blast stove |
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| CN202010671377.5A CN111996325B (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Method and tool for quickly cleaning burner of hot blast stove |
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| CN113999946B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-10-11 | 十一冶建设集团有限责任公司 | Dismantling method for ball type hot blast stove |
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