CN1119960A - Enhanced capacity multiple-downcomer fractionation tray - Google Patents
Enhanced capacity multiple-downcomer fractionation tray Download PDFInfo
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- CN1119960A CN1119960A CN 94116850 CN94116850A CN1119960A CN 1119960 A CN1119960 A CN 1119960A CN 94116850 CN94116850 CN 94116850 CN 94116850 A CN94116850 A CN 94116850A CN 1119960 A CN1119960 A CN 1119960A
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- downspout
- tower tray
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Abstract
The guide canals are set up on decking of the fractionator tray to increase steam capacity of the tray, and pointed to nearest down-flow spout for decreasing foam height. The guide canals on narrower decking between down-flow spouts are divided into two groups in different orientations. A vertical baffle plate above the inlet of down-flow spouts extends upwart to a position that is slightly lower than bottom surface of next tray, and has a notch at its top edge for receiving down-flow spout of next tray.
Description
The present invention relates to the design and the structure of high-performance vapour-gas-liquid contacting device; For example, use in fractionating column, the device of separating volatile compound is commonly referred to plate or contact tray.
Plate is widely used in hydrocarbon processing, chemistry and the medical industry.Therefore, in order to improve plate, people have carried out big quantity research, exploitation and creative work.
Most of tower trays have at tower tray contact surface (paving) goes up equally distributed circular perforations, and the steam of rising is flowed straight up from the tower tray surface.The sub-fraction plate utilizes mechanical device, and the direction with regulation when steam is upward through the tower tray contact-making surface is the steam guiding, and wherein an example is seen US-A-3, and 045,989.In the document, perforation can think to have the such character of groove, in specific embodiment, utilizes rising steam that horizontal liquid stream is directed to all directions.In Fig. 4 A, the sensing of groove fully opposite in case promote liquid stream to concentrate on to export downspout 118 '.
US-A-3, in 550,916, the groove shape opening on the active surface zone in plate paving, its sensing is with the direction of the outlet downspout of rising vapor stream guiding tower tray.US-A-4, during the another kind of the plate in 065,52 is arranged, the direction of the gas that the groove guiding that is provided with in the tower tray paving is gushed out from groove, thus make liquid stream on tower tray, present the model of needs.In this example, liquid is with entad flowing with centrifugal model of replacing.The purpose of this invention is to guarantee the even distribution of liquid on contact plate.
US-A-3, in 282,576, as described in the 5th hurdle, groove can sieve at single overflow and arrange on the tower tray to promote liquid flowing and need not to rely on the gradient of liquid on tower tray.The thrust guide openings of groove is divided abreast to arrange and is put, and basic side is to the liquid outlet of tower tray.US-A-3,417,975 disclose the another kind of modification of plate structure, and wherein, the paving part of tower tray has circular perforations and guiding gutter.Among document Fig. 1 and US-A-3, the groove shown in Fig. 3 of 282,576 has the character similar to the present invention.At US-A-3, in 417,975 the device, guiding gutter is transversely unevenly spaced coming in the paving, so that the higher centrality near the groove of tower tray periphery to be provided.
US-A-3,759,498 another kinds that disclose the plate paving are arranged, have wherein adopted circular perforations and guiding gutter.The layout of groove is in order to increase the not liquid velocity of the peripheral part on the direct flow passage between the entrance and exit downspout of tower tray.The sensing of groove imports liquid or derives the above-mentioned zone that can remain in a standstill originally, thereby has improved the gross efficiency of tower tray.It should be noted that this tower tray and those tower trays above-mentioned are not the downspout close arrangement, the compound downspout tower tray that not influenced by non-homogeneous liquid flow model.
US-A-4,101,610 disclose a kind of single overflow plate, and there are circular perforations and guiding gutter in its paving.The layout of guiding gutter is for the outlet of the guiding fluid on tower tray downspout, its objective is to reduce the lip-deep viscous flow of tower tray zone, and the liquid gradient that reduces to cross tower tray.
US-A-4,499,035 another kinds that disclose single overflow vapour-liquid contact tray surface are arranged, have adopted circular perforations and guide canal on its tower tray paving.The document is provided with the device that promotes foaming especially in the liquid inlet from the inlet downspout to the tower tray paving.
The effect of the guide canal in above-mentioned each document is different from compound downspout tower tray of the present invention.In above-mentioned each document, a basic purposes of groove is to reduce the liquid gradient of crossing tower tray that long liquid flow path may cause.In another basic role of these guide canals of the prior art is zone, paving outside the direct flow channel that liquid is pushed or releases between the entrance and exit downspout.The unique texture of compound downspout tower tray has been got rid of these two reasons that adopt guide canal on the tower tray paving.
CA-A-785, Fig. 3 a in 739 it is believed that it is relevant prior art with the pavement structure of tower tray shown in the 3b.The guide canal that is had on the tower tray surface shown in the above-mentioned figure is in different directions, comprises in the face of complete rightabout guide canal.It is in order to promote to cross the liquid stream of tower tray, to prevent from or reduce to form liquid gradient on the tower tray surface that this tower tray adopts guide canal.
Using " anti-jump " baffle plate to be disclosed among Figure 10 in the ballast tray design handbook (ballast tray design manual, copyright publication number 4900 was the 4th edition in 1974) of Glitsch company distribution above the inlet of outlet downspout.
US-A-3,410,540 it is believed that it is relevant prior art file, compound downspout tower tray has wherein adopted the very unique downspout design similar to tower tray of the present invention.
US-A-4,174,363 disclose a kind of little metal cap design, and little metal cap flows to the effective coverage of tower tray by being bolted on the tower tray upper surface to promote the liquid of stagnating from the tower wall.The described device of the document can be used for single overflow tower tray and as compound downspout tower tray of the present invention.The document has represented that also guiding gutter is in the lip-deep application in effective paving of single overflow tower tray.Compare with the disclosed technology contents of above-mentioned document, the guide canal of apparatus of the present invention is to be used for increasing the vapour capacity, has kept identical efficient simultaneously again.
The present invention is that a kind of single overflow tower tray with broader applications is different, improved compound downspout tower tray, and it has improved the vapour capacity.The present invention is worked by the liquid amount of carrying that reduces foam height and be reduced in the steam that rises towards higher tower tray.In the present invention, guide canal is set in place on the narrower zone, paving between the adjacent downspout, with the steam nearest downspout that leads.Steam guiding tube preferably points to nearest downspout.Tower tray also has the anti-jump baffle plate that is positioned at downspout inlet top and proceeds to another paving part to prevent drop from skipping downspout.This baffle plate extends upward between the downspout of the higher tower tray of the next one.
Therefore, the feature of one embodiment of the present of invention is as the device that carries out fractionation, it comprises the top first and the bottom second vapour-liquid contact tray of vertical aligning, each tower tray has a rounded substantially periphery, and comprise: (i) at least two narrow, the flute profile downspout, downspout is parallel to each other, and crossing the downspout equi-spaced apart comes, each downspout is by two relative sidewalls relative with two, the end wall that is shorter than sidewall constitutes, and sidewall and end wall are perpendicular to the tower tray plane, but each downspout has the outlet device of liquid sealing; And (ii) a plurality of microscler vapour-liquid contact paving, vapour-liquid contact paving is in abutting connection with each downspout sidewall, tower tray had Duo vapour-liquid of one at least than downcomer means to contact the paving; Distributing equably on the whole surface that is formed by vapour-liquid contact paving and boring a hole, at least a portion of described perforation is the form of guide canal, and described guide canal has the opening in the face of the downspout sidewall; Described device is characterised in that: the downspout of described second tower tray is perpendicular to the downspout of described first tower tray, each tower tray has a plurality of anti-jump baffle plates, anti-jump baffle plate comprises a vertical plate, and it is contained on the downspout of tower tray and is parallel to the sidewall of downspout at middle ground; The anti-jump baffle plate of bottom second tower tray has the recess of the downspout bottom that surrounds top first tower tray.
Now contrast the following drawings the present invention be described in detail in detail:
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of plate one embodiment of the present invention.Parallel downspout is arranged between vapour-liquid contact plate 3.
Fig. 2 is the vertical sectional view of the fractionating column of the embodiment of variation slightly that adopts tower tray of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical sectional view on downspout top, and downspout has an anti-jump baffle plate 7, baffle plate 7 by leg 8 in downspout upper opening upper fixed on middle position.
But vertical sectional view shown in Figure 4 represents to stretch into the anti-jump baffle plate of downspout and the outlet device that the liquid with perforation plate 14 in the downspout bottom seals downwards.
But draw in the cutaway view of downspout shown in Figure 5 bottom in a kind of variation structure of the outlet device of the liquid of downspout lower end sealing, it has a seal groove 16 that is installed on the bottom that downspout opens wide by leg 11.
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view that passes contact plate 3 parts, the side view of the guide canal 4 that drawn.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of contact plate 3 parts, and this figure is that 4 outlet is looked along cutting line among Fig. 67 towards guide canal.
Fig. 8 is by the drawn sub-fraction paving of actual ratio, is used for being illustrated in the relative size of circular perforations 9 suitable on the paving material and guide canal 4 and situation being set.
Fig. 9 is the cross section of fractionating column 1, and this figure looks downwards facing to the compound downspout tower tray with anti-jump baffle plate 7, represents the perforation 10 of another kind of type.
Figure 10 represents one embodiment of the present of invention, and wherein, anti-jump baffle plate extended upwardly the bottom of the downspout 2 of next top tower tray.
Figure 11 is the top view of a part of downspout 2, the details of expression strut 15 and diagonal brace 18.
Vapour-gas-liquid contacting device is widely used in various occasions, and the liquid that flows downward substantially in whole device is contacted with up steam.For example, this device is used for making a kind of steam to contact with a kind of treatment fluid widely, and treatment fluid extracts a kind of compound products or removing foreign matter selectively from steam.Thereby device of the present invention can be applied in sour gas absorber or the stripper or is applied in the ethylene oxide absorber.It is through the fractionation separates compound that the another kind of vapour-gas-liquid contacting device is used.Following concentrated discussion is by the method for fractionation separates compound, but this thinks that anything but special device of the present invention is confined to this operator scheme.
Device of the present invention can be used for separating by fractionation must isolated compound or purify by fractionation.Plate is widely used in and separates hydrocarbon such as propane, and propylene, benzene and toluene perhaps are used to separate various hydrocarbon fraction such as liquefied petroleum gas, volatile oil or Kerole.Be not limited to hydrocarbon with device isolated compound of the present invention, but can comprise any compound that available fractionating process separates with enough volatility and temperature stability.These examples of substances can be; Acetate, water, acetone, acetylene, butadiene, cresols, dimethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, ethene, ethane, propane, propylene, xylenols, vinylacetate, phenol, iso-butane or normal butane, pentane, heptane, hexane, halogenated hydrocarbon, aldehyde, ether such as MTBE and TAME, and alcohol comprise the pure and mild isopropyl alcohol of the tert-butyl group.
Two deciding factors of contact tray quality are separative efficiency and liquid or vapour traffic capacity.The objective of the invention is to improve the capacity of compound downspout tower tray.
The ability of fractionation often is confined to the disposing capacity to the rising steam flow speed increase of passing through tower tray.The liquid that this limitation generally is attended by on tower tray is carried to the tendency of removing and rise to next tower tray in the rising steam flow.Thereby the vapour capacity of a tower tray often just reaches when " foam " on this tower tray upper surface highly reaches the bottom surface of next tower tray.The excessive foam height on the contact tray of plate or any kind of can cause liquid be upward through above the paving of tower tray.Liquid upwards passes through then.Therefore, general hope reduces foam height to increase the vapour capacity of tower tray.Therefore, another object of the present invention is the foam height that reduces on compound downspout tower tray.
Before further describing the present invention, to " compound downspout tower tray " described herein define and illustrate it is characterized in that useful.Make the present invention be different from other kind of plate with above-mentioned term herein.
Compound downspout tower tray has certain characteristics to be different from common single overflow tower tray.At first, compound downspout tower tray does not have " receiving plate ", and receiving plate is the imporosity part below downspout inlet, sees also US-A-3, and 550,916, Fig. 1 receiving plate 1 that drawn wherein.This is zone, an imporosity, and the liquid that descends by downspout impacted in this zone, imporosity earlier before flowing to the paving of tower tray.In compound downspout plate, the horizontal surface zone of tower tray is divided into downcomer means substantially and is commonly referred to the vapour-liquid contact area in paving.There is not the zone, imporosity to be used for accepting the liquid of falling from the top tower tray that is close to.
Another distinguishing characteristics of compound downspout plate is to be provided with quite a large amount of groove shape downcomer means across tower tray.These downcomer means are compared with common single overflow plate, and are comparatively tight at interval.In the distance between the adjacent downspout of same tower tray (between its sidewall or its weir portion, measuring) generally between 0.3m and 1.0m, often less than 0.5m.Like this, when when look in the top, compound downspout tower tray has a kind of particular structure, is made of staggered zone, paving and the downcomer means that come across table uniform gap above the plate.
Compare with the downspout that adopts on common single overflow plate, the downcomer means of the reality of compound downspout tower tray also is unique.This downcomer means is not stretched to adjacent plate downwards, but the centre position between two tower trays stops.Thereby the downspout of falling from the top tower tray below on tower tray inlet or the top quite distance stop.The top of the downspout of tower tray or inlet be often also as tower tray exit weir portion, thereby as can be seen, the bottom of the downspout of the compound downspout tower tray of top below the exit weir portion of tower tray above suitable distance.
Downspout on compound downspout tower tray downspout common and the upper and lower tower tray is 90 ° of angles.Thereby the downspout on vertical adjacent compound downspout tower tray is vertical rather than parallel.
Another distinguishing characteristics of compound downspout plate is in the bottom of downcomer means or but outlet is provided with the device that liquid seals.Thereby the base section ground of downcomer means directly sealed from certain other device that downcomer means flows out by a plate that has various perforation or by the liquid that can stop to flow downward, and sees Figure 4 and 5.But the outlet of this liquid sealing below suitable distance above the paving of tower tray, and below above the relevant downcomer inlet of adjacent trays a bit on.Fall liquid and be collected in the bottom of downcomer means, and overflow by above-mentioned opening or other mechanical arrangement and to drop on the adjacent trays of below.
Weir portion does not enter the mouth in the downspout bottom of compound downspout tower tray of the present invention.But this function is brought into play in the outlet of liquid sealing, sees Fig. 2.
The feature of compound downspout tower tray is to drop on for the first time between that and liquid on the tower tray leaves tower tray by downspout that at liquid very short liquid flow path is arranged.This mainly is because the sealing spacing of above-mentioned downspout.Except between tower wall and end downspout, the liquid of falling from the top tower tray also midpoint between two adjacent downspouts falls to the tower tray surface.Thereby arrive that distance of tower tray to the downspout inlet from liquid, for most of liquid, always less than half of distance between the downspout.This liquid must be subjected to the short distance that moves by the stirring action that rises vapor passageway on the paving, makes repetition downspout tower tray not have gradient of liquid level substantially from the liquid inlet to flowing out the position
Gathering sill in the list of references of aforementioned single overflow tower tray is used to promote that the liquid across the tower tray surface flows.Do like this is in order to eliminate the zone that remains in a standstill, the unbalanced time of staying and gradient of liquid level.Compound downspout tower tray does not have above-mentioned defective, thereby does not need to adopt the gathering sill of remedying above-mentioned single overflow tower tray defective.This groove is used for increasing the vapour capacity.
Distance between the downcomer wall (width of paving part) between 1 and 0.3m between, average liquid flow path less than 0.5 to 0.15m.
In order to instruct the design and use of apparatus of the present invention, and, be the measurement size scope of commercial compound downspout tower tray below in order to make compound downspout tower tray of the present invention be different from common single overflow tower tray.Spacing between the vertical adjacent tower tray generally 20 and 91cm (8-36 inch) between, be preferably 25 and 61cm (10-24 inch) between.Total open area in paving is generally in 6 percent to five to 15 the scope of paving area.This is included in the open area of circular open of the present invention and elongated slot on the area of tower tray paving.The aperture of circular perforations generally can be 0.3 in the scope of 2.6cm (1/8 to 1.0 inch).Be preferably in the scope of 0.47 to 0.64cm (3/16 to 1/4 inch).The open area that is provided by groove is preferably 0.25% to 5% of paving area.The typical thickness in paving is approximately 0.19cm to 0.34cm.
It is wide that the inlet of the downspout of compound downspout tower tray is generally 6 to 25cm (2.5-10 inches).But the height of the downspout of measuring from horizontal apical margin to its bottom of the exit weir portion of the device of liquid sealing generally 15.2 and 45.7cm (6-18 inch) between.This comprises that downspout stretches out the height in paving up and down.Anti-jump baffle plate above downspout generally is at least 7.5cm and is at most 35.6cm (3-14 inch) height, and its length is general big to equaling relevant downcomer means.The further details of compound downspout tower tray sees also US-A-3, and 410,540, the document is used for referencial use in this article.
The present invention realizes the purpose of the vapour capacity of the compound downspout tower tray of increase by many guide canals are set on the part of the paving of plate.The trend of these grooves make the air-flow that is upward through the paving by these grooves with the direction of nearest downcomer means to the liquid on the tower tray or horizontal thrust of foaming.Compound downspout plate generally has at least two downcomer means, but less tower tray can have only a downcomer means.Therefore, each compound downspout tower tray generally has at least one has downcomer means along each cross side paving part.Thereby the groove that has in both sides on the paving part of downspout comprises towards the groove of the complete rightabout trend of nearest downcomer means.
The novel capabilities that this unique texture designing institute has is, with the foam guiding and import the downspout of compound downspout tower tray.Contrast, in the prior art, the single overflow tower tray is to reduce gradient of liquid level or disappear to fall the regional mode that makes liquid stream cross long flow channel that adopts that remains in a standstill.
The steam flow that rises by groove has certain horizontal component when leaving groove, and is angled with the tower tray surface, and the liquid phase on the paving or hanging drop apply some uneven momentum.The clean power of foam being pushed to downcomer means so just is provided.Thereby formed foam and enter the passage more fast of downcomer means, and reduced the foam height on the tower tray.
It is unsettled that this stirring that occurs on the paving can make hanging drop produce, sometimes even very strong horizontal movement.Therefore, a feature of the present invention is " anti-jump " baffle plate to be set, to prevent that liquid from crossing downspout and entering the mouth on downcomer means.The function of anti-jump baffle plate be blocking-up liquid on downspout horizontal pathways and liquid imported downspout.Anti-jump baffle plate can absorb the horizontal momentum of drop substantially, prevents that drop from crossing anti-jump baffle plate and making liquid fall into downspout inlet by gravity.Owing to be provided with anti-jump baffle plate, can improve the performance and the structure of tower tray, help to realize purpose of the present invention.
Consult accompanying drawing and can more completely understand the present invention.Fig. 1 represents the view of looking towards the upper surface of compound downspout tower tray.Concrete tower tray in the figure has six downspouts, is surrounded by the cylindrical wall of fractionating column 1.Each downcomer means 2 is made of two downcomer end walls 5 and two parallel side walls 6.Downspout evenly distributes on tower tray.The perforation paving 3 of tower tray is between downspout.Also extend between the downspout of end and tray circumference in the paving, that is to say that the tray section between end downspout and tray circumference also has the perforation paving, and place effective vapour-liquid contact device thereon.The paving has symmetry (circle) perforation 9 of standard, is evenly distributed on the surface, paving, also has guide canal 4.Be the expression details, groove among the figure and perforation are not drawn in proportion.
Groove on the paving part between the adjacent arbitrarily a pair of downcomer means is divided into antipodal two groups of sensing.The direction of the vapor level operation of rising from one group of groove differs 180 ° of angles with the level run direction of steam by near second group of groove rising another downspout of this paving part.Concrete tower tray shown in Figure 1 does not adopt anti-jump baffle plate.
Fig. 6 represents the part of a paving material 3, the typical sizes and the shape of expression circular perforations 9 and guide canal 4 among the figure.In this example, opening points to the lower end of figure, and with the rising steam flow with from the downward direction guiding of Fig. 1.Do not think that in the present invention circular perforations accurate aligning at interval is a controlled variable.Equally, if the thrust direction of the steam that rises by guide canal to horizontal momentum that foam and liquid applied substantially towards nearest downspout, do not think that the placement of guide canal is a The key factor very yet.Guide canal can be placed by straight line on the tower tray surface, also can tortuously arrange.For ease of drawing, in fact the two row's guide canals that only draw in Fig. 1 can place many guide canals on the zone, paving.
At the typical maximum spacing between the guide canal in the scope of about 5 to 17.8cm (2 to 7 inches).On zone, whole paving, boring a hole preferably distributes in uniform mode.In order to reduce manufacturing cost, generally be earlier at the enterprising eleven punch 11 of paving material, need the circular port of number with formation, and then carry out second perforation step to form guide canal, do not notice whether the guide canal opening has dropped between the circular perforations.Therefore, as shown in Figure 8, in fact some guide canal opening drops on the position identical with circular perforations, also perforation can be arranged on the paving material part of formation guide canal.
Fig. 2 cuts the cutaway view that fractionating column is looked from horizontal direction open.Represented three compound downspout plates among the figure, each tower tray has all adopted anti-jump baffle plate.This figure is depicted as recommendation and common being arranged vertically of downspout on staggered tower tray.The tower tray of topmost is to aim at the view that downspout sidewall 6 is looked, and in this view, anti-jump baffle plate 7 is fixed on the downspout top by leg 8.A feature of the anti-jump baffle plate of representing in Fig. 2 is that its root edge 17 is positioned at the top of relevant downspout upper limb 13.This figure also expresses the general features of compound downspout tower tray, that is, downcomer means is positioned at the about 1/5 to 1/4 of tower tray paving top total height, so that the exit weir portion of downcomer means is extended below the paving.
In the middle tower tray in Fig. 2, anti-jump retaining device is parallel to downcomer means 2.The direction of guide canal 4 is pointed to nearest downcomer means.Thereby as can be seen, the guide canal directed in opposite in two adjacent downcomer means that is to say, those guide canals nearest with a downspout point to this downspout.Therefore, along a center line between the two adjacent downcomer means, the sensing of guide canal is divided into two groups, and each points to nearest downcomer means.Fig. 3 is the amplification view of the relevant paving material of a downspout shown in Figure 2 top and a part.Paving 3 is connected in the sidewall 6 of downspout by device not shown in the figures.In order to support the paving, generally a corner fittings is welded on the downspout, second corner fittings is fixed by bolts on the wall of top, paving to form a groove.Circular perforations 9 evenly distributes, and passes the paving.Guide canal is positioned at the downcomer means both sides, and its opening surface is to downspout sidewall 6.Anti-jump baffle plate 7 is by middle spike 8 supportings, and spike 8 can be by bolting in anti-jump baffle plate 7 and sidewall 6.Anti-jump baffle plate preferably is positioned at downspout two side central authorities, and is basic identical with length of down-comer.The total height of baffle plate is 1/3rd of downspout sidewall height at least.Baffle plate can be positioned at the top of downspout inlet fully, but preferably stretches into downspout, as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 4 represents the another kind layout of downspout and anti-jump baffle plate 7.The same with Fig. 3, the sidewall of downspout 2 also is connected in paving 3, and still, anti-jump baffle plate 7 is by strut 15 supportings, and strut 15 is by the upper end of bolting in downspout sidewall 6.Strut 15 is perpendicular to anti-jump baffle plate 7.Preferably adopt this layout, because it can increase the downcomer means self rigidity.Another feature of layout shown in Figure 4 is, the lower edge 17 of anti-jump baffle plate is arranged in downcomer means, that is to say, the lower edge of anti-jump baffle plate is lower than the upper limb 13 of downspout inlet, and the bottom of baffle plate is in downspout.Baffle plate can extend the height in paving downwards.This figure one of some replacement schemes of also drawing can be constructed the bottom surface of downcomer means 2 by it, and in this embodiment, base plate 14 is connected in two side 6.On base plate 14, be provided with many bigger openings or bore a hole 10, so that the liquid that accumulates in the downspout is discharged fast.The purpose of base plate 14 is fully to stop liquid flow, makes the bottom of downcomer means can be by the upwards path of liquid sealed steam.
A kind of modification of compound downspout tray structure is in the downspout bottom opening to be set, and it is formed in a part of the downspout needed sealable outlet in bottom.Above-mentioned opening can be circular, square or microscler along downspout width or length direction.The elongated slot (claiming grid sometimes) of recommending to adopt circular open as shown in Figure 9 and between two side 6, extending.
But the another kind of structure that device was suitable for that the liquid that Fig. 5 is illustrated in the downcomer means bottom to be needed seals.In this embodiment of the present invention, seal groove 16 is connected in the bottom of downcomer means by vertical short pin 11, and short pin 11 can be by the two sides of bolting in the bottom of sidewall 6 and shallow groove 16.The lower edge 12 of downspout sidewall and the space between the seal groove inner surface are spacious to pass to as fluid path.By above the downspout lower edge, raising and the small sealing difference that forms is enough to prevent that together with the momentum of the liquid that descends gas from entering downcomer means at the top of seal groove.Because gas enters the bypass that downcomer means can make gas formation tower tray contact area, thereby always unfavorable.
An embodiment of Fig. 6 and 7 expression guide canals 4.Fig. 6 from the cutaway view that guide canal is laterally looked, the guide canal that has circular perforations 9 is distributed on the paving material, groove 4 is to form on the part in paving.Groove forms by cutting and stretching metal, makes groove raise an angle on the surface in paving.Generally be to install in the plate in use of paving with the position of abswolute level.Angle " α " is preferably between 5 ° and 45 °.Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of mutually same block of paving material of Fig. 6, is to look towards the opening aspect of groove 4.As can be seen, groove is that a more flat upper surface forms in this concrete example, and described upper surface is connected in tower tray by inclined side.
Guide canal can be made into different shapes, and for example, when opening was looked, the overall shape of the end face of groove can be circle or oval-shaped when the same with Fig. 7.Though the end face of groove preferably is connected in the paving by inclined side, guide canal is body plan so also.Therefore, groove can cut and form along groove side cutting metal and in the open front of groove.The groove of body plan is preferably longer by this way, makes that having only indivisible in the total tolerance be upward through groove is to be parallel to the direction of downcomer means, to flow out by the side of groove.Preferably make gas in very a large amount of guide canals, be upward through tower tray.The density of groove generally will be above 2.2 grooves in every square metre of paving (24 grooves in every square feet of paving).
Grid on the bottom of downspout, the position in opening or hole should make the liquid that flows out opening drop on the paving material rather than fall into the upper end of opening wide of the downcomer means on next tower tray.It is unfavorable making liquid directly fall into next downspout.
Fig. 9 is the detail drawing of looking down the part of the fractionating column 1 that adopts the compound downspout tower tray of the present invention.This tower tray itself outwards extends the vessel shell of tower or the inner surface of outer wall.Paving 3 extends first downspout 2 from the inner surface of chamber wall.The guide canal that only points to this downcomer means is contained on this a part of tower tray surface.Tower tray surface portion between above-mentioned first downcomer means and inside next downspout contains the guide canal of directed in opposite.For the ease of drawing, these grooves are not drawn in proportion.This figure is the view of looking in the downcomer means 2 downwards, and downcomer means 2 has aims at it and the anti-jump baffle plate 7 equidistant with two side 6.Anti-jump baffle plate is by strut 15 fixing on the throne and supportings, and each strut 15 is to locate along the length of downspout.Two kinds of different hatch frames on the downspout base plate have been represented in the figure.Circular perforations 10 on the part of interior downspout, and long grid 10 ' on the another part of same downspout and inside next downspout.Opening is arranged in groups corresponding to the paving on the next tower tray of tower below.
Figure 10 is the vertical sectional view of tower 1, the tower tray of two vertical alignings of expression, and each tower tray has 4 downspouts 2.The size of this figure roughly is to draw in proportion according to the size of following second experimental rig.In this figure illustrated embodiment, the baffle plate of below tower tray protrudes upward and is higher than downspout, and the upper limb 19 that makes anti-jump baffle plate is above downspout sidewall lower edge 12, thereby above the bottom of downspout itself.In this embodiment, the baffle plate upper limb of below tower tray, with and following those, all recessed slightly to hold downspout.The upper limb of the anti-jump baffle plate of topmost tower tray is flat, preferably bends to a microcheilia limit to increase the rigidity of baffle plate.Below the upper limb of baffle plate each several part of tower tray also bend to the lip limit at the top.The lower edge of all anti-jump baffle plates is preferably straight, roughly is positioned on the height in tower tray paving.
Vertical distance ' ' d ' ' at (between the downspout) between the bottom surface in anti-jump baffle plate upper limb and tower tray paving can change in a suitable scope.The upper limb of anti-jump baffle plate extends upward between downspout, makes equidistant that above-mentioned distance ' ' d ' ' equals to be provided with in the anti-jump baffle plate recess that surrounds the downspout bottom substantially.Extending upward in the drawings by dotted line 20 expressions of this maximum, dotted line 20 is followed the shape of top tower tray lower surface.Separation between top tower tray lower surface and the anti-jump baffle plate upper limb is uniform along the whole length of anti-jump baffle plate substantially.The extending upward or also can only occur of baffle plate maximum along the long part of the baffle plate between downspout, and terminal part is the same high with part under the downspout.Anti-jump baffle plate can be connected in downspout with the anti-jump baffle plate of further reinforcing.
Figure 10 also draws and reinforce to support 15 profile, supports 15 and transversely extends at downspout 2, and recess is arranged to admit the lower edge of anti-jump baffle plate 7.Thereby support 15 bottom below baffle plate, and stretch in the downspout.Baffle plate 7 with support 15 and stretch into and help to reduce the turbulent flow in the downspout in the downspout and improve separating of vapour and liquid.
Figure 11 represents for the anti-jump baffle plate of supporting above downspout the preferably details of the structural member of employing.These structural members comprise strut 15 and diagonal brace 18.These structural members change along baffle length.Strut 15 preferably but needn't wholely be arranged in the groove of downspout.The shape of strut shown in the figure has a central recess, this recess admit and the bottom that surrounds anti-jump baffle plate 7 to prevent flank movement and supporting baffle.Strut extends and is connected in the two side 6 of downspout along the downspout width.Diagonal brace 18 uses in couples, and the every side of anti-jump baffle plate connects a diagonal brace.As shown in figure 10, the top of diagonal brace is triangular in shape.The purpose of these support members is the rigidity that increase anti-jump baffle plate top.Figure 11 also represents one group of opening 10 on the downspout base plate 14.
The feature of one embodiment of the present of invention can be the tower tray that uses in the compound fractionation, this tower tray has a basic periphery for circle, comprise at least three narrow, rectangular channel shape downspout, they are parallel to each other, on tower tray, distribute equally spacedly, each downspout is made of with two relative end walls two relative sidewalls, end wall is shorter than sidewall, sidewall and end wall on both direction perpendicular to the tower tray plane, and have a upper limb in tower tray plane one side, each downspout have the basic inlet that opens wide and be positioned at second side, tower tray plane (downside) but the outlet of liquid sealing; A plurality of microscler vapour-liquid contact paving, vapour-liquid contact paving is in abutting connection with the sidewall of each downcomer means, tower tray is had than downcomer means Duo one vapour-liquid contact paving, the symmetry of capping not, preferably Yuan Xing perforation is evenly distributed on vapour-liquid contact paving, the sidewall of downcomer means is formed in contact paving opposite side, parallel liquid outlet weir portion; Be located at the guide canal on vapour-liquid contact paving, the opening surface of guide canal is to nearest downcomer means, and the vapour between adjacent downcomer means-liquid contact paving has first group and second group of guide canal, and the sensing of these two groups of guide canals is opposite fully; And anti-jump retaining device, it has at least one vertical plate, and vertical plate stretches out and is higher than inlet from downcomer means inlet is vertical, with the parallel sidewalls of downcomer means.This baffle plate can be one of described various ways of this specification.In different embodiment, tower tray can have one, two, three, four, and five or more downspout.
The present invention embodiment widely is a fractionating column, and it comprises the cylindrical housing of a sealing, in a plurality of tower trays of the present invention are arranged, vertical adjacent tower tray (by the downspout direction dictates) is mutually vertical.Whole device comprises common, is used to carry annex such as the reboiler and the return-flow system of liquid to be contacted and steam flow.Example
Once tower tray of the present invention was carried out repeatedly experiment detection in two kinds of different devices, tower tray contains guide canal and anti-jump baffle plate.The purpose of experiment is that tower tray of the present invention and common compound downspout tower tray are compared.Common tower tray has only circular perforations, and its aperture area and tower tray of the present invention are roughly the same.For every kind of tower tray, under different liquid velocities and F factor, measure foam height.The F factor is defined as V
SMultiply by d
g(d
l-d
g) square root, V wherein
SBe the air velocity based on the foaming area, d
gBe atmospheric density, d
lBe liquid (water) density.Therefore, foam height can compare under different F factors to estimate the ability that reduces foam height of tower tray of the present invention.The vapour capacity of every kind of tower tray also can be estimated and contrast to this experiment.When reaching the top tower tray, foam height determines maximum vapour capacity.Above-mentioned situation is called the flooding point of tower tray.
The experimental rig of first use is square tower, and its size is approximately 0.61m * 0.61m (2 feet * 2 feet).This device size easily changes, so use this device, checks new design with empty G﹠W as fluid.Available high vapour speed is used for estimating and the more common compound downspout tower tray and the foam height and the vapour capacity of downspout tower tray of the present invention in this tower.Test tower is made of three tower trays, and tray spacing is 38.1cm (15 inches).It is 12.7cm (5 inches) that each tower tray has a width.It is that total foaming area of 12.7cm (5 inches) is 0.29cm that each tower tray has a width
2The downspout of (3.1 square inches).The downspout total height is 16.5cm (6.5 inches), and wherein 3.8cm (1.5 inches) stretches and is higher than the tower tray paving, as exit weir portion.The paving is to make with the thick corrosion resistant plate of 0.19cm (0.076 inch), and having diameter on it is the perforation of 0.476cm (0.1875 inch).For the tower tray that guide canal is arranged, the open area of each " c " type groove is 24.4mm
2(0.038 square inch), each tower tray have the high anti-jump baffle plate of a 16.5cm (6.4 inches).The circular perforations of tower tray of the present invention accounts for 14.2% of effective (foaming) area in dish paving, and guide canal occupies imitates 2.0% of area.The open area (having only circular perforations) of unslotted (common) tower tray accounts for 16.3%.
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that the compound downspout tower tray of fluting is compared with the compound downspout tower tray of unslotted, has reduced foam height greatly.Under high vapour speed, reducing of the observed foam height of tower tray of fluting highly is 8.4cm (3.3 inches).The reducing of foam height can be worked tower tray of the present invention with much higher vapour speed (being the F factor).Therefore, above-mentioned test has determined that the tower tray that has groove and baffle plate of the present invention has bigger vapour capacity than unslotted and unbaffled compound downspout tower tray.
Second device can be estimated tower tray of the present invention on the equipment of commercial scale.This tower diameter is approximately 8 feet, has three tower trays, and tray spacing is 30.5cm (12 inches).Tower tray has the wide downspout of 4 12.7cm (5 inches), and the downspout total height is 16.5cm (6.5 inches).Downspout is stretched and is higher than tower tray paving 2.54cm (1.0 inches).The tower tray of this fluting accounts for 12.5% because of the open area that circular perforations had, because of the open area that groove had accounts for 1.8%.This tower tray also has the high anti-jump baffle plate of 20.3cm (8.0 inches).The open area of common tower tray accounts for 14.4% (having only circular perforations).
This 8 feet test towers are under atmospheric pressure worked, and use empty G﹠W to make test fluid.The tower tray test shows that compare with common tower tray, tower tray of the present invention has reduced foam height widely.In the test of carrying out with the liquid load amount 6.05l/msec of weir portion (0.065CFS/ft weir portion), under high vapour speed, the tower tray foam height of fluting reduces 7.3cm.The result of this test has confirmed the result in the in the past less test tower.Because tower tray of the present invention reduces the ability of foam height, the compound downspout tower tray that has guide canal and baffle plate of the present invention has higher vapour capacity than common compound downspout tower tray.Under various liquid flowing rates, the flooding point of 8 feet towers is shown in Table 1.Liquid flowing rate be with weir portion the cubic feet a per second/foot provide.The vapour speed of F factor representative when the foam on the tower tray is full of tray spacing fully of table 1.Load for weir portion liquid, found that the common compound downspout tower tray of vapour Capacity Ratio of tower tray of the present invention increases by 15 to 22% up to 6.05l/m-sec (0065CFSft).
Table 1
Improved tower tray 0.040 3.72 0.350 0.4050.052 of the common tower tray of liquid flowing rate F factor CFS/ft ls/m 4.84 0.333 0.3880.065 6.05 0.300 0.367
Though do not want to stick to certain specifically theory, a kind of water purification is flat to move by having applied to the drop that is suspended in top, tower tray paving to it is believed that the present invention, thereby has improved performance.The result that this motion is a momentum from the gas transfer that rises by guide canal to hanging drop, thereby a large amount of hanging drop flows into the upper end that downspout opens wide and falls into downspout.Foam is more promptly removed from the tower tray surface by this way.
Guide canal also may tend to make drop to have more flat (more level) mean trajectory, thus with the droplet collision that sprays vertically upward from circular perforations, the average height that this drop that can reduce to have initial vertical track reaches.
Tower tray augmented performance of the present invention can confirm in two other carries out the test of actual separation.Use in 60cm diameter tower separation of methanol and the water test at a laboratory of university, the efficient of tower tray of the present invention is not compared decline with the compound downspout tower tray of prior art certainly.
More compellent result of the test is to obtain when being used for from common compound downspout tower tray that ethene separates that the commercial fractionating column of ethane installs changing with tower tray of the present invention.This replacing makes 115% operation of fractionating column with the past capacity, and separative efficiency does not descend.It is believed that capacity even can increase greatlyyer, but do not obtain the fractionating column feed that increases as yet.
Claims (1)
1. device that is used to carry out fractionation, this device has the top first and the bottom second vapour-liquid contact tray of vertical aligning, and each tower tray has rounded substantially periphery, and comprises:
(i) at least two narrow flute profile downspouts (2,2), they are parallel to each other and equidistantly distribute on tower tray, each downspout (2) is by two opposing sidewalls (6,6) and two opposite end walls (5 that are shorter than described sidewall, 5) constitute, described sidewall and end wall are perpendicular to the tower tray plane, but each downspout has the device (10) of liquid sealing; And
(ii) many my a microscler vapour-liquid contact paving (3), vapour-liquid contact paving is adjacent to each sidewall (6) of downspout, tower tray is had at least than downcomer means (2) Duo vapour-liquid contact paving (3) of one, substantially equably perforation (9) is distributing on the whole surface that is formed by vapour-liquid contact paving (3), at least a portion of described perforation (9) is the form of guide canal (4), and the opening surface of described guide canal (4) is to downspout sidewall (6);
It is characterized in that: the downspout of described second tower tray (2) is perpendicular to the downspout of described first tower tray, each tower tray has a plurality of anti-jump baffle plates (7), described anti-jump baffle plate comprises a vertical plate, it is parallel to downspout sidewall (6), be contained in the central authorities of downspout (6), the anti-jump baffle plate (7) of described bottom second tower tray has recess, and it surrounds the bottom of the downspout of described top first tower tray.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94116850A CN1068235C (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1994-10-07 | Enhanced capacity multiple-downcomer fractionation tray |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94116850A CN1068235C (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1994-10-07 | Enhanced capacity multiple-downcomer fractionation tray |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1119960A true CN1119960A (en) | 1996-04-10 |
| CN1068235C CN1068235C (en) | 2001-07-11 |
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ID=5038115
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94116850A Expired - Fee Related CN1068235C (en) | 1994-10-07 | 1994-10-07 | Enhanced capacity multiple-downcomer fractionation tray |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1068235C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102065967A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2011-05-18 | 环球油品公司 | Device for gas-liquid contacting |
| WO2015018113A1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-12 | Beijing Zehua Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd. | Multiple downcomer tray and tray column comprising the same |
| WO2019006932A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-01-10 | 南通锐深环保科技有限公司 | Downcomer anti-choking structure |
| CN111655354A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-11 | 环球油品有限责任公司 | Dirt collecting device for downflow reactor |
| CN111655351A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-11 | 环球油品有限责任公司 | Dirt collecting device for downflow reactor |
| CN112533682A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-03-19 | 科氏-格利奇有限合伙公司 | Multi-pass contact trays including fixed and movable valves for mass transfer columns and methods involving the same |
| CN113262518A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Parallel suspension multi-downcomer tower plate |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10471370B1 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-11-12 | Uop Llc | Fractionation trays with downcomers oriented at 45 degrees |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4869851A (en) * | 1987-05-26 | 1989-09-26 | Uni-Frac Inc. | Vapor/liquid contact device and method of mixing a vapor flow and a counter current reflux liquid flow |
| US4956127A (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1990-09-11 | Glitsch, Inc. | Downcomer-tray assembly and method |
-
1994
- 1994-10-07 CN CN94116850A patent/CN1068235C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102065967A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2011-05-18 | 环球油品公司 | Device for gas-liquid contacting |
| CN102065967B (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2013-12-25 | 环球油品公司 | Device for gas-liquid contacting |
| WO2015018113A1 (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-12 | Beijing Zehua Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd. | Multiple downcomer tray and tray column comprising the same |
| US9919239B2 (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2018-03-20 | Beijing Zehua Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd. | Multiple downcomer tray and tray column comprising the same |
| WO2019006932A1 (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-01-10 | 南通锐深环保科技有限公司 | Downcomer anti-choking structure |
| CN111655354A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-11 | 环球油品有限责任公司 | Dirt collecting device for downflow reactor |
| CN111655351A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-09-11 | 环球油品有限责任公司 | Dirt collecting device for downflow reactor |
| CN112533682A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-03-19 | 科氏-格利奇有限合伙公司 | Multi-pass contact trays including fixed and movable valves for mass transfer columns and methods involving the same |
| CN112533682B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2022-11-11 | 科氏-格利奇有限合伙公司 | Multi-pass contact trays including fixed and movable valves for mass transfer columns and methods involving the same |
| CN113262518A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Parallel suspension multi-downcomer tower plate |
| CN113262518B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-01-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Parallel suspension multi-downcomer tower plate |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1068235C (en) | 2001-07-11 |
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