CN111995819A - Polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111995819A
CN111995819A CN202010883264.1A CN202010883264A CN111995819A CN 111995819 A CN111995819 A CN 111995819A CN 202010883264 A CN202010883264 A CN 202010883264A CN 111995819 A CN111995819 A CN 111995819A
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composite powder
hollow glass
powder
sls
polypropylene composite
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吴唯
胡焕波
赵天瑜
刘冬梅
黄建昌
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East China University of Science and Technology
Oechsler Plastic Products Taicang Co Ltd
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East China University of Science and Technology
Oechsler Plastic Products Taicang Co Ltd
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/02—Moulding by agglomerating
    • B29C67/04—Sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C08K7/28—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/18—Applications used for pipes
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    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract

The invention provides polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and a preparation method thereof. Firstly, preparing an ionic liquid modified hollow glass bead material, and then mechanically blending the modified hollow glass bead and SLS polypropylene raw material powder to obtain the composite powder. The hollow glass beads modified by the ionic liquid not only obviously improve the binding force with a PP matrix and the dispersity in the PP matrix, but also play a role in heterogeneous nucleation in PP composite powder, so that the PP crystallization process can be accelerated, the size of PP spherulites is smaller and more uniform, and the warping deformation of PP during SLS sintering is improved. The modified hollow glass microspheres and the commercially available PP raw material powder for SLS forming are mechanically blended to obtain the SLS polypropylene composite powder, so that the SLS polypropylene composite powder has good SLS forming process performance, and the mechanical property, the heat resistance and the flame retardance of a workpiece are good. The composite powder has simple and efficient production process and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer materials, and particularly relates to polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering.
Background
The Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology is one of additive manufacturing 3D printing technologies, mainly takes a powder material as a base material, can prepare a composite material functional part or an investment casting part with a complex structure, has the characteristics of high forming speed, high precision and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, biomedical treatment, automobile manufacturing and the like.
The SLS has wide raw material sources, including metal powder, ceramic-based powder and polymer material powder, wherein the polymer material powder has relatively low requirements on material increase manufacturing equipment due to relatively low price, and is easy to modify and process, and the like, and becomes a main raw material for SLS molding. However, the polymer powder successfully applied to SLS process and used for producing excellent molded products is very limited, Polyamide (PA) powder accounts for about 95% of the total amount of polymer powder used for SLS, and other material powders are rarely used, and development of more kinds of polymer powder materials is urgently needed.
Polypropylene (PP) is one of five general-purpose high polymer materials, has the advantages of small density, high strength, heat resistance, good insulating property, stable chemical property, low price and the like, has very wide application in the aspects of textile fibers, household daily necessities, building, automobile industry and the like, and is one of five general-purpose synthetic resins with the fastest growth speed and the most active new product development. In recent years PP has found increasing use in SLS.
The hollow glass bead is a hollow, thin-walled, hard and light glass bead shell, is a micron-sized novel light material developed in the fifth and sixty years of the last century, is composed of inorganic materials and comprises the following chemical components: silica, alumina, zirconia, magnesia, sodium silicate and the like, contain inert gas, have physical and chemical properties incomparable with other light fillers, and have the advantages of no toxicity, high melting point, low heat conduction, high strength, high dispersion, good electrical insulation, good thermal stability and the like. Patent CN 110746693A discloses a PP composite powder body that SLS was filled with hollow glass bead, this powder body has suitable particle diameter and bulk density, well-balanced particle appearance and good powder mobility, SLS prints the in-process and can not take place warpage, finished piece shaping precision is high, and hollow glass bead does not have the crushing phenomenon of extrusion in the material, closely bonds with PP, and finished piece density reduces by a wide margin, can effectively realize the material lightweight, and mechanical properties is excellent, and especially the rigidity can strengthen by a wide margin. However, the powder preparation process is complicated, the cost is high, the SLS matrix powder is obtained by firstly melting and blending PP, an elastomer and the like and then crushing at low temperature, and then the prepared PP powder and the hollow glass beads are mechanically blended to obtain the PP composite powder, but the commercially available PP powder for SLS forming and the hollow glass beads can not be directly mechanically blended, so that the flexibility is greatly reduced. And the PP composite powder has no flame retardant property and low safety, and is limited in application fields with high safety requirements such as automobiles, aviation and the like.
The ionic liquid is a liquid completely composed of ions, is also called as room-temperature ionic liquid, refers to salts which are liquid at room temperature or near room temperature, and has high thermal stability and self non-flammability, so that the ionic liquid has good flame retardant property. CN 106916336B utilizes ionic liquid modified hollow glass beads as a flame retardant to carry out melt blending to prepare a flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), so that the oxygen index of the composite material is improved, the vertical combustion performance of molten drop resistance is improved, the heat release rate is reduced, and smoke is remarkably suppressed. However, the process is only suitable for conventional forming modes such as injection molding, compression molding and the like, but not for an SLS process, and the hollow glass beads are easy to extrude and break when being fused and blended with TPU, so that the flame-retardant heat-resistant performance is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and a preparation method thereof. The direction in which the present invention seeks improvement includes the following aspects. The bonding force between the hollow glass beads and a PP matrix and the dispersity of the hollow glass beads in the PP matrix are obviously improved, so that the size of PP spherulites is smaller and more uniform, and the warping deformation of PP during SLS sintering is improved; the SLS forming process performance is improved, so that the formed product has good mechanical property, heat resistance and flame retardance; the composite powder is used as an SLS raw material, so that a workpiece with flame retardant requirements, such as an automobile intake manifold which has a complex structure, irregular appearance and curved surface or partially hollowed inside and is difficult to involve in mold parting surface injection molding, can be formed, and can meet the performance requirements of the automobile intake manifold; the production process is simple, the production cost is low, the production efficiency is high, and the method is suitable for large-scale production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic idea of the invention is to combine the SLS process and the ion modified hollow glass bead technology to prepare the PP composite powder taking the hollow glass beads modified by the ionic liquid as the filler. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by mass:
(1) 100 parts of PP powder;
(2) 20-100 parts of ionic liquid modified hollow glass beads; preferably 30 to 90 parts, more preferably 40 to 80 parts;
(3) 0.1-10 parts of a flow aid; preferably 1 to 8 parts, more preferably 2 to 6 parts;
(4) 0.1-3 parts of an antioxidant; preferably 0.5 to 2.5 parts.
The PP powder is preferably commercial powder specially used for SLS technology, and the bulk density at 23 ℃ is 0.895g/cm3D50 is 50-90 μm, and the melting point is 140 ℃.
The bulk density of the hollow glass beads is 0.03-0.30 g/cm3The particle diameter D50 is 20-100 μm, preferably 30-90 μm, further preferably 40-80 μm, and the compressive strength is 1-100 MPa, preferably 10-80 MPa.
The flow auxiliary agent is one or a combination of more of nano silicon dioxide, nano aluminum oxide and nano calcium oxide.
The antioxidant is one or a combination of several of hindered phenol macromolecule antioxidant, phosphorous acid antioxidant and alkyl ester antioxidant, preferably antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168.
Further, the preparation method of the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the hollow glass beads into a 36-38% hydrochloric acid solution for activation, and then ultrasonically washing for 30 min;
(2) repeatedly washing the activated hollow glass beads with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(3) placing the dried hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, respectively adding excessive silane coupling agent KH-550, triethylamine catalyst and acetonitrile reaction solvent, and then carrying out magnetic stirring reflux for 24 hours;
(4) stopping the reaction, cooling, sequentially performing suction filtration by using acetonitrile, ethanol and deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(5) placing the synthesized silanized hollow glass microspheres in a three-neck flask, respectively adding an acetonitrile solvent and excessive ionic liquid, and refluxing for 24-36 h under mechanical stirring;
(6) stopping reaction, cooling, sequentially performing suction filtration by using ethanol, a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water and ethanol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(7) and adding the obtained hollow glass microspheres modified by the ionic liquid, PP powder, a flow aid and an antioxidant into a high-speed mixer for mechanical blending to obtain the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering.
Wherein the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent KH-550 solution in the step (3) is 20%.
Wherein the ionic liquid in the step (5) is a phosphorus-containing imidazole ionic liquid, and is any one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate.
Wherein the mass ratio of the ionic liquid to the hollow glass beads is 1: 3; the volume ratio of the mixed solution of the ethanol and the deionized water is 1: 1.
Wherein, the rotation speed is 1200r/min and the mixing time is 15min during the mechanical blending operation.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) on the basis of the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering provided by the invention, a selective laser sintering forming process is used, so that a workpiece with flame retardant requirements, such as an automobile intake manifold with a complex structure, irregular appearance and curved surface, or partially hollowed-out interior and difficult design of mold parting surface injection molding, can be formed. The beneficial effects brought from this are for practicing thrift manufacturing cost, promote production efficiency.
(2) The PP is used as raw material powder for selective laser sintering, the cost is further reduced, the method is suitable for large-scale production, the thermal stability of the PP is good, and the PP is suitable for being applied to automobile parts and is particularly suitable for forming automobile intake manifolds.
(3) The hollow glass beads modified by the ionic liquid not only obviously improve the binding force with a PP matrix and the dispersity in the PP matrix, but also play a role in heterogeneous nucleation in PP composite powder, so that the PP crystallization process can be accelerated, the size of PP spherulites is smaller and more uniform, and the warping deformation of PP during SLS sintering is improved. Therefore, the PP composite powder can be obtained by simply mechanically blending the hollow glass microspheres modified by the ionic liquid and the commercially available PP raw material powder for SLS molding, and the process is simple and flexible. And the addition of the ionic liquid modified hollow glass beads improves the mechanical property and the heat resistance of the PP composite powder, the prepared powder is particularly suitable for the performance requirement of an automobile intake manifold, and simultaneously the flame retardant property is given to the automobile intake manifold, so that the safety coefficient of an automobile can be further improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations by those skilled in the art based on the teachings set forth above.
Example 1
(1) 60 parts by mass of hollow glass beads which are not modified by ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 2
(1) Adding 20 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 1200r/min for 15min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 3
(1) Adding 40 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 1200r/min for 15min to obtain the PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 4
(1) 60 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 5
(1) Adding 80 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 1200r/min for 15min to obtain the PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 6
(1) 100 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow aid and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 7
(1) 20 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow promoter and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 8
(1) Adding 40 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow promoter and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 1200r/min for 15min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 9
(1) 60 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow promoter and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 10
(1) Adding 80 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow promoter and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant into a high-speed mixer, and mixing at 1200r/min for 15min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Example 11
(1) 100 parts by mass of hollow glass microspheres modified by 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate ionic liquid, 100 parts by mass of PP powder, 4 parts by mass of flow promoter and 2 parts by mass of antioxidant are added into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 15min at a speed of 1200r/min to obtain PP composite powder.
(2) SLS forming standard sample strip, setting SLS technological parameters, preheating temperature 150 ℃, scanning interval 0.15mm, laser power 20W, powder spreading thickness 0.12mm, and scanning speed 10000 mm/s.
(3) And carrying out related test performance on the standard sample strips formed by SLS, wherein a tensile test is carried out according to GB/T1040.3-2006, a bending test is carried out according to GB/T9341-2008, a simple beam impact test is carried out according to GB/T1043.1-2008, a heat deformation temperature is carried out according to GB/T1634-2004, a limit oxygen index test is carried out according to GB/T2406.2-2009, and a horizontal and vertical combustion test is carried out according to GB/T2408-2008.
Effect verification
The results of the mechanical property tests of the SLS samples obtained in examples 1 to 11 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 results of mechanical Properties test of samples of examples
Figure BDA0002654793070000131
The results of the heat resistance and flame retardancy tests of the SLS samples obtained in examples 1 to 11 are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 test results of heat resistance and flame retardancy of samples of examples
Figure BDA0002654793070000141
The results of measuring the density and the molding accuracy of the SLS samples obtained in examples 1 to 11 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 results of testing the density and the forming accuracy of samples of examples
Figure BDA0002654793070000142
Figure BDA0002654793070000151
The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
(1) 100 parts of PP powder;
(2) 20-100 parts of ionic liquid modified hollow glass beads;
(3) 0.1-10 parts of a flow aid;
(4) 0.1-3 parts of antioxidant.
2. The polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 1, wherein: the PP powder is a commercial powder used for SLS technology, and the bulk density is 0.895g/cm at 23 DEG C3D50= 50-90 μm, melting point 140 ℃.
3. The polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 1, wherein: the bulk density of the hollow glass beads is 0.03-0.30 g/cm3The particle size D50 is 20-100 μm, preferably 30-90 μm, and further optimized to 40-80 μm; the compressive strength is 1-100 MPa, preferably 10-80 MPa.
4. The polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 1, wherein: the flow auxiliary agent is one or a combination of more of nano silicon dioxide, nano aluminum oxide and nano calcium oxide.
5. The polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant is one or a combination of several of hindered phenol macromolecule antioxidant, phosphorous antioxidant and alkyl ester antioxidant.
6. The method for preparing polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the hollow glass beads into a 36-38% hydrochloric acid solution for activation, and then ultrasonically washing for 30 min;
(2) repeatedly washing the activated hollow glass beads with deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(3) placing the dried hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, respectively adding excessive silane coupling agent KH-550, triethylamine catalyst and acetonitrile reaction solvent, and then carrying out magnetic stirring reflux for 24 hours;
(4) stopping the reaction, cooling, sequentially performing suction filtration by using acetonitrile, ethanol and deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(5) placing the synthesized silanized hollow glass microspheres in a three-neck flask, respectively adding an acetonitrile solvent and excessive ionic liquid, and refluxing for 24-36 h under mechanical stirring;
(6) stopping reaction, cooling, sequentially performing suction filtration by using ethanol, a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water and ethanol, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for 8 hours;
(7) and adding the obtained hollow glass microspheres modified by the ionic liquid, PP powder, a flow aid and an antioxidant into a high-speed mixer for mechanical blending to obtain the polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering.
7. The method for preparing polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 6, wherein: the mass fraction of the silane coupling agent KH-550 solution is 20%.
8. The method for preparing polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 6, wherein: the ionic liquid is a phosphorus-containing imidazole ionic liquid and is any one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate.
9. The method for preparing polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the ionic liquid to the hollow glass beads is 1: 3; the volume ratio of the mixed solution of the ethanol and the deionized water is 1: 1.
10. The method for preparing polypropylene composite powder for selective laser sintering according to claim 6, wherein: during the mechanical blending operation, the rotating speed is 1200r/min, and the mixing time is 15 min.
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