CN1119950C

CN1119950C - Method for concentrating fruit juices or for processing of aqueous liquids including solids and device for preforming the method

Info

Publication number: CN1119950C
Application number: CN 97113078
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迪特尔·赫尔丁; 克劳斯·黑尔曼
Original assignee: Winter Umwelttechnik GmbH
Current assignee: Winter Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority date: 1997-05-03
Filing date: 1997-05-03
Publication date: 2003-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2017-05-03
Also published as: CN1198307A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for concentrating a fruit juice or an aqueous solution containing solid components. The solution is in a counterflow spraying form with dry gas in a spraying room at room temperature and common pressure. The concentrated solution collected in the lower part of the spraying room is conveyed to a spraying apparatus of the next spraying room for the next concentration and a final product is discharged from a collecting container in the last spraying room.

Description

Inspissated juice or processing contain the method and apparatus of the aqueous solution of solid constituent

The present invention relates to the method that a kind of inspissated juice or processing contain the aqueous solution of solid constituent.

For separate the wherein contained material of inorganic constituents and organic principle, recovery and in the production cycle recirculation water, the waste water especially processing of industrial wastewater makes up by many chemistry, biology or the whole bag of tricks and realizes.Add chemical substance in water or select high energy to expend and all bring major defect.Chemically the extraction of the processing of industrial wastewater of Chan Shenging such as electroplating wastewater and concentrated slurry not only needs to drop into substantial contribution but also a large amount of running expenses of needs.In order to allow waste water can get back to the municipal waste treatment system, its processing charges is very expensive.The processing slurries can be extremely difficult in these operations.Concentrate these slurries and need the high energy input.

The object of the invention provides a kind of power-economizing method that inspissated juice or processing contain the aqueous solution of more or less measuring solid constituent that is used for, wherein the solid constituent in the solution is highly concentrated or is finally become the water of dried concentrate and clean state, has so just reduced environmental pressure.

Claim

1 or 2 has illustrated that in order to satisfy the method for the object of the invention what claim 4 related to is a kind of equipment that satisfies realization the inventive method of above-mentioned purpose.

According to the present invention, the fruit juice or the aqueous solution in a spray chamber and dry gas, especially dry air, counter current contacting and being atomized.Such spray chamber such as spray tower are known to be used to make the granule material in other technical field.In dried foods or medicine, be that the fluid bed by product transmits hot-air as everyone knows, air drying recycling then (German patent DE-C-270765).Known that similar method is used for perishable fluid product of spray-drying such as skim milk and whey and makes milk powder (German patent application DE-Λ-2743724).At high temperature normally evaporation is opposite with water in the spray-drying process, and the present invention is only in evaporate moisture content under the room temperature in the spray chamber.Be appreciated that room temperature depends on geographical conditions, so its scope is between 20-50 ℃.German patent application DE-Λ-3123561 learns a solvent distillation equipment, and the solvent that wherein evaporated at first is sent to evaporimeter and enters then in the condenser of refrigeration machine.

According to the present invention, humid gas enters thermal cycle, particularly enters heat pump.Thereby reclaim evaporation energy there and reclaim heat energy.Humid gas or air cool off through adiabatic cooling procedure, and moisture or moisture are condensed respectively like this.The water purity of collecting is very high, has surpassed deionized water.Therefore, purify waste water and be discharged into one to provide the system of industrial water to factory be easily feasible.Emission purification water can be to the environment structure danger side of body to the municipal waste treatment system.With the air of condenser heat heating through the cooling dehumidification, in other words, the heat that produces in condensation process sends back in the air-flow again.This energy recovery can be finished by different modes, and for example with heat pump or utilize a refrigerator usually, wherein the evaporimeter in this machine is used for the condensation of water, and condenser is used to reheat chilled dry air.Circulating once more through the dry air of mild heat enters the spray chamber, and wherein portion of air and fruit juice or solution are transported to the spray chamber together, and another part adverse current is delivered to the spray chamber.

Further consider,, carry out multistep processing or concentrate by corresponding sprayer unit along with the concentrate (for example by pump) that is collected in spray chamber's lower position for example is input in the next spray chamber.In this way, realize concentrating step by step of liquid, so that produce the fluid juice that highly concentrates, if the aqueous solution can realize being concentrated into dry substance.

Mentioned the water quality height of recovery above.This water does not contain algae or organic matter, and has the quality of distilled water substantially.Be recovered as the solid content recycling easily of powdery concentrate.Because concentrate is a dry state, so the volume minimum.

Do not need chemical substance according to method of the present invention.Processing is finished in a closed system, does not pollute the environment.

Evaporation in the spray chamber does not need to wrap line or evaporimeter tube bank shell and that needs often clean in addition for reducing the heat transmission.Make the equipment of this method of enforcement have the validity of height according to method of the present invention.

Operating temperature low (room temperature) has therefore been avoided losing through energy delivered fully.Low operating temperature makes that the process of material is relatively gentleer.In such temperature range, the effect that steam distillation produces drops to minimum.The organic matter of minimum concentration is pulled away, and aqueous concentrates can use or be discharged into the municipal waste treatment system like this.

Air-flow circulation need be in this circulatory system itself and the interactional mechanical energy of heat energy, make that under certain condition unnecessary heat energy heats the waste water before spraying in further feature of the present invention.Fruit juice or solution enter another sprayer unit respectively more in addition also needs energy.

According to the present invention, the equipment of implementing this method comprises basic parts, as spray chamber's equipment, through the heat-energy recovering apparatus such as the heat pump of adiabatic process.Each spray chamber comprises sprayer unit, better is at an upper portion thereof, is attached to the basin of fruit juice or solution respectively if see machine direction, and sprayer unit just links with first chamber.Electric motor driven pump links to each other with sprayer unit and comes on the line.Be appreciated that atomizing can carry out under no pressure, as by ultrasonic.First indoor downstream, spray chamber also comprises a container or an analog of collecting this spray chamber's concentrate, better is at its lower position.The concentrate of first chamber is sent to the sprayer unit of second Room by a pump, and the concentrate of second Room is sent to sprayer unit of the 3rd Room or the like by a pump.These spray chambers can be placed side by side, links to each other by a suitable pipe-line system, if the space permission down, also can contemplate one of spray chamber on another and form a vertical cylinder.

Mentioned, heat pump or adiabatic cooling recover energy different structures can be arranged, and for example can use refrigerator, as compression refrigeration machine, are made up of an evaporimeter and a condenser usually, and this condenser is the heat exchanger that is used for gas in the present device.Gas circulates in sealing ring, by the spray chamber with the liquid of evaporation ejection with separate moisture and become condensate.As previously mentioned, thisly constitute a kind of method of effectively utilizing energy, this combination provides a kind of environmentally friendly method simultaneously.Facility compact of the present invention and being incorporated in the existing factory is gone.According to the present invention, the expense of making the expense of this equipment and operation is extremely low.

Specific embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings successively, wherein:

Fig. 1 represents not have the present device sketch of air-flow circulation.

The special expression of Fig. 2 comprises the sketch of a unit in Fig. 1 equipment of air-flow circulation.

Spray chamber's plane in Fig. 3 presentation graphs 2.

Four unit 1 to 4 have been described among Fig. 1.Each unit comprises an illustrated spray chamber in Fig. 2, and more detailed description is below arranged.Each spray chamber comprises sprayer unit.Illustrated equipment comprises a basin C who is used for the fruit juice or the aqueous solution respectively ₁Pump P ₁Draw basin C through filter F ₁In solution, through the 1st pipeline L ₁With flowmeter M ₁Be sent to sprayer unit not shown in Figure 1.At room temperature with minimum drop ejection liquid, this temperature is between 20-45 ℃ for this sprayer unit, and spray chamber's internal pressure is that normal pressure is so that evaporate.Spraying is to take place under introducing by the gas associating effect of spray solution.Simultaneously, the adverse current of load water or steam produces respectively, in conjunction with Fig. 2 more detailed description is arranged.By this way, for example concentrated generation of fruit juice is preferably collected at the lower position concentrate of unit I.This concentrate is then by pipeline L ₁With pump P ₂And pipeline L ₃Deliver to the sprayer unit of the 2nd unit.Carry out identical process with the same in unit 1 here.Concentrate is by pipeline L ₄With pump P ₃The sprayer unit of the 3rd unit is discharged and delivered to 2 lower position from the spray chamber.This process footpath pipeline L ₅And carry out.Concentrate in the unit 3 is by pipeline L ₆Deliver to pump P ₄, then from passing through pipeline L here ₇Deliver to the sprayer unit of the 4th unit.Concentrate in the unit 4 is discharged into basin C ₂Once in a while, concentrate can be by pump P ₅Deliver to basin C ₁Can see that single valve is connected with the pipeline of controlling by the controller that does not show notes.Here no longer describe in detail.

Mentioned, spraying is accompanied by pipeline L ₁₀The air of sending into and taking place.In Fig. 2, can see air circulation significantly.

The spray chamber that spray chamber is unit 1 among Fig. 1 among Fig. 2 indicates with 10, and has sprayer unit 12 at an upper portion thereof.This sprayer unit links to each other with basin 16 by pipeline 14.This basin for example can with the basin C among Fig. 1 ₁Be complementary.With the pump P among Fig. 1 ₁The pump 18 that is complementary links to each other with pipeline 14.In pipeline 14, is furnished with heat exchanger 20 in addition.

The lower position device has concentrate gatherer 22 in the spray chamber 10.A conical strainer 24 is installed on gatherer.

Generally form by the evaporimeter 32 of a fin structure and the condenser 34 of the tubular evaparator sign that hangs with 30 refrigerators that indicate.This refrigerator 30 is installed in one by in the sealing chamber shown in the chain-dotted line 32a.Refrigerator 30 also comprises a compressor reducer 36 that is driven by motor 38.Evaporimeter 32 comprises a concentrate floss hole 40.In a heat exchanger 20 is housed sealing chamber 32a also comprise a radiation shape fan 42.The outlet of fan is connected to bifurcations 46 with pipeline 44.Top and opening that lateral 48 leads to spray chamber 10 enter 4 hand-holes 50.The 2nd lateral 52 openings enter the bottom of hanging down conical strainer 24 in the section of spray chamber 10.

Operator's operating process is as follows: for example, the fruit juice of basin 16 atomizes in spray chamber 10 by the air of sprayer unit 12 with lateral 48.Under " spraying air-flow " vertical current, the dry air of introducing with branch deferent 52 is adverse current.Flowing to of the latter is as shown in arrow 54.Should be appreciated that suitable device can obtain the complete of air-flow 54 and spray flow and contact uniformly.Also have 15 1 18 ℃ or higher temperature (room temperature) by

pipeline

52 and 58 dry air of introducing.This air also contains for example 1g/m ³Moisture content.Dry air is loaded with certain moisture content and leaves the spray chamber by spray chamber's 10 top middle portion openings 56.Be transported to refrigerator 30 by pipeline 58 then.That is to say that moisture content is 24g/m ³The evaporimeter 32 of humid air by refrigerator 30.This air makes the water-cooled coalescence be collected in the basin 40 through cooling.Warm then content is again 1g/m ³The heat heating of in the condenser 34 of refrigerator 30, being transmitted of the dry air of cooling by evaporimeter 32.Be condensed heat exchanging process in the device of cold-producing medium passes to the condensation heat heating of dry cold air.Temperature was 45 ℃ when dry air left heat exchanger 34.This heat part discharges the fruit juice that is used for water back 14 in heat exchanger 20.As previously mentioned, the dry air that is heated is delivered in the spray chamber 10 by pipeline 44.

Should be understood that without refrigerator also to adopt miscellaneous equipment to come to reclaim the heat energy of evaporation by the direct or indirect heat exchange of adiabatic cooling procedure.Should know equally, only adopt a unit, for example reach above-described such shown in Fig. 2 without four unit among Fig. 1.

Need should be mentioned that further that the evaporation in the spray chamber carries out under normal pressure.That is to say, do not need to use necessary equipment under other high pressure or the low pressure condition.

Very clear, air-flow circulates in a closed system, can not endanger environment structure.By adjusting pressure and control degree of heat, solution temperature can be controlled.When removing heat exchanger 20, can obtain high relatively dry gas temperature, this is because the mechanical energy of drive fan 42 is converted into heat energy.Therefore, the solution of heating makes the easier evaporation of solution of spraying, and gross energy obtains balance and efficient up to about 85% like this.

Claims

1, a kind of method of inspissated juice comprises the steps:

A) under the room temperature normal pressure fruit juice is sprayed with dry gas and evaporate, on the top of a plurality of spray chambers, dry gas is adverse current;

B) enter next spray chamber according to step a) the 1st concentrate that spray chamber's lower position is collected spraying;

C) make it cooling from top, spray chamber discharging humid gas and through direct or indirect heat exchange by the adiabatic expansion process, collect condensed water;

D) cold air of the condensation heat heat drying that produces in step c) through direct or indirect heat exchange;

E) dry gas of the heating in the sealing ring turns back in each spray chamber in the step a);

F) in last spray chamber, remove fruit juice concentrates.

2, a kind of processing method of containing the aqueous solution of solid constituent comprises the steps:

A) under the room temperature normal pressure at the indoor dry gas of a plurality of sprayings with this solution spray and evaporation, dry gas is adverse current;

B) enter next spray chamber according to step a) the 1st concentrate that the spray chamber collects spraying;

C) from the top discharging humid gas of spray chamber, make the humid gas cooling by the adiabatic expansion process, collect condensed water with direct or indirect heat exchange;

D) use cold air according to the condensation heat heat drying of heat exchange direct or indirect in the step c);

E) dry gas of the heating in the sealing ring turns back in the spray chamber in the step a);

F) in last spray chamber, remove solid.

3, the method in the claim 1 or 2, wherein deliver to before the sprayer unit solution indirectly or directly contact with hot gas; Described dry gas is a dry air.

4, a kind of equipment of implementing claim 1 or 2 described methods is characterized in that following assembly;

A) a plurality of spray chambers, wherein sprayer unit (12) is all arranged at each top, spray chamber;

B) sprayer unit (12) in the 1st spray chamber respectively with the basin (C that fruit juice or solution are housed ₁) link to each other, the sprayer unit in other spray chamber (12) links to each other with the collection container (22) of the lower position of the spray chamber that is positioned at the upstream, links to each other by pump;

C) energy recycle device by adiabatic expansion and direct or indirect heat exchange is by a heat pump (30) and a concentrate outlet (50);

D) gas pipeline system wherein has an inlet that links to each other with each top, spray chamber, and a manifold outlet that links to each other with the top and bottom of each spray chamber is arranged, and wherein is transmitted through energy recycle device in the sealing ring of gas between entrance and exit;

E) in described system, be used in sealing ring the fan (42) of the described gas of circulation.

5, the equipment of claim 4 is characterized in that providing a radial fan (42).

6, claim 4 or 5 equipment is characterized in that providing, the refrigerator that an evaporimeter (32) and a condenser (34) are arranged, and humid gas is brought into evaporimeter (32) and is contacted, and the dry gas of cooling is brought into condenser (34) and is contacted.

7, the equipment of claim 6, wherein the evaporimeter (32) in the refrigerator (30) is a fin condenser (32).

8, claim 6 or 7 equipment, wherein the condenser (34) in the refrigerator (30) is the tubular evaparator that hangs.

9, the equipment of one of claim 6 to 8, wherein condenser (34) downstream provides heat exchanger (20) to flow to the solution of sprayer unit (12) with heating.