CN111987945A - Drive control circuit of direct current motor - Google Patents
Drive control circuit of direct current motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111987945A CN111987945A CN202010629833.XA CN202010629833A CN111987945A CN 111987945 A CN111987945 A CN 111987945A CN 202010629833 A CN202010629833 A CN 202010629833A CN 111987945 A CN111987945 A CN 111987945A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of direct current motor control, in particular to a drive control circuit of a direct current motor. The circuit adopts a control mode of an upper pipe and a lower pipe, and comprises an upper pipe control circuit, an anti-interference circuit, a lower pipe control circuit, a filtering amplification circuit and an MCU control unit. This product carries out steady voltage to the supply voltage of motor, can make the rotational speed of motor not influenced by input voltage's change, adopt upper and lower pipe double-barrelled as drive power device, through the time sequence control when the shut down operation, the motor out of control problem that self damages when having avoided the single pipe as drive power device and lead to has avoided effectively reducing electromagnetic interference's problem through opening and closing to the motor in the twinkling of an eye restraines to carry out the accurate discovery of closed-loop control to motor current and whether there is overload and locked rotor phenomenon at the motor drive in-process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of direct current motor control, in particular to a drive control circuit of a direct current motor.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people and the development of strategic novel industry, intelligent control and rapid excavation of internet, devices such as household appliances, industrial robots, intelligent homes, medical supplies and the like tend to be more and more intelligent and automatic, and the rapid development of the industries needs to convert electric energy into mechanical energy for transmission and power conversion,
the driving and controlling is composed of power electronic device and integrated circuit, the function is to control the motor starting, stopping, rotating speed and state monitoring, the resistance and inductance of the motor armature loop are all small, and the rotor has a certain mechanical inertia, so when the motor is connected with the power, the armature rotating speed and the corresponding counter electromotive force are small at the starting stage, the starting current is large, the current can disturb the power grid, the machine set is impacted by the mechanical impact, the commutator generates sparks, in the running process, the electric energy is converted into the magnetic power, the magnetic power is converted into the mechanical energy, the conversion process generates larger electromagnetic interference, if the motor driving loop adopts a single MOS tube, a triode or an IGBT tube as the driving power device, if the device is damaged, the motor can be out of control after short circuit, if the driving loop adopts other double-tube control loop is complex, high cost and poor reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and aims to provide a motor driving control circuit which is simple in structure and low in cost.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a drive control circuit for a dc motor, comprising: adopts a control mode of an upper tube and a lower tube, and comprises an upper tube control circuit, an anti-interference circuit, a lower tube control circuit, a filtering amplification circuit and an MCU control unit,
the upper tube control circuit converts the input voltage into the stable voltage required by the motor, ensures the stable number of turns of the motor rotation and controls the on and off of the stable voltage;
the anti-interference circuit is used for inhibiting electromagnetic interference generated by the motor during working;
the lower tube control circuit is used for controlling the work of the motor, collecting a current signal of the motor, converting the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal, and obtaining an equal proportion direct current voltage signal through RC integral;
the filtering and amplifying circuit is used for carrying out anti-interference filtering and amplifying on the motor direct-current voltage small signal acquired by the lower tube control circuit, and sending the signal to the MCU control unit for analog-to-digital conversion monitoring;
the MCU control unit provides driving control signals of the upper tube control circuit and the lower tube control circuit, monitors the current of the motor to determine whether the motor has overload and locked rotor phenomena, and judges whether the upper tube or the lower tube is damaged through time sequence control when the motor stops running.
Preferably, the upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit composed of a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a transistor Q4 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R7 is connected with DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with a base of the transistor Q4; one end of the resistor R9 is connected with VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q4 and the base of the triode Q2; one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, the cathode of the diode D2 and the base of the triode Q3; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitters of the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q2 are grounded with the anode of the diode D2.
Preferably, the anti-interference circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a diode D1, wherein one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the output of the motor which is also the upper tube control circuit, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the ground, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the ground; the capacitor C2 and the diode D1 are connected to two ends of the motor, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the lower tube control circuit.
Preferably, the lower tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit composed of a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a capacitor C3 and a field effect transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with the DRL of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 and the resistor R2; one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the resistor R4 and the resistor R2, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C3 and the input of the filter amplifying circuit.
Preferably, the filter amplifying circuit is composed of a follower circuit and a non-inverting amplifying circuit of an operational amplifier, wherein the non-inverting terminal of the follower circuit U1A is connected with one end of the capacitor C3, the inverting terminal of the capacitor C is connected with the output of the follower circuit U1A, and the non-inverting terminal of the capacitor C is connected with the non-inverting terminal of the amplifying circuit U1B; the reverse phase end of the U1B is connected with a resistor R5 and a resistor R6; the output of the U1B is connected with a resistor R6 and an ADC of the MCU control unit.
Preferably, the upper tube control circuit or the lower tube control circuit is a triode circuit or a logic control circuit selected from a MOSFET circuit and a regulated voltage module circuit with control.
Preferably, the upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a triode Q2, a triode Q3 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R7 is connected with DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with a base of the triode Q2; one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, the cathode of the diode D2 and the base of the triode Q3; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded with the anode of the diode D2.
Preferably, the diode D1 is replaced by a TVS tube or a varistor.
When the MCU control unit DRH and the DRL output high levels simultaneously, the upper tube control circuit and the lower tube control circuit work normally, the motor operates, and generates corresponding current signals, and the current signals are converted into voltage signals after RC integration and then are transmitted to the filtering amplification circuit; the anti-interference circuit absorbs electromagnetic interference generated at the moment of switching on the motor; the upper tube control circuit converts input voltage into stable voltage required by the motor, ensures stable number of turns of motor rotation, the filter amplification circuit performs anti-interference filtering and amplification on a motor direct-current voltage small signal collected by the lower tube, sends the signal to the MCU ADC to form closed return control, and judges whether the motor has overload and locked rotor phenomena in the transmission process through monitoring of motor current.
When the MCU control unit DRH and DRL simultaneously output low levels, the upper tube control circuit and the lower tube control circuit do not work, the motor stops running, and the anti-interference circuit absorbs electromagnetic interference generated at the moment of turning off the motor; during the motor stop operation, MCU the control unit sends DRH high level and DRL low level, the upper tube work low tube is out of work, if MCU the control unit ADC has voltage feedback, show that the low tube damages, stop motor system work and report to the police, the MCU the control unit sends DRH low level and DRL high level in the same way, the ADC has voltage feedback, show that the upper tube damages, stop motor system work and report to the police, through the upper and lower pipe when the motor stops operation have damage detection, the effectual motor out of control phenomenon that leads to after the drive power device damages the short circuit that has prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the drive control circuit of the direct current motor of the invention stabilizes the power supply voltage of the motor, can ensure that the rotating speed of the motor is not influenced by the change of the input voltage, adopts the upper and lower tubes as the drive power devices, avoids the problem of motor runaway caused by self damage when the single tube is used as the drive power device by time sequence control when the operation is stopped, effectively reduces the problem of electromagnetic interference by inhibiting the switching-on and switching-off moment of the motor, and accurately discovers whether the overload and locked rotor phenomena exist in the motor transmission process by carrying out closed-loop control on the motor current.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following describes a driving control circuit of a dc motor according to the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the driving control circuit of the dc motor of this embodiment includes an upper tube control circuit, an anti-interference circuit, a lower tube control circuit, a filtering and amplifying circuit, and an MCU control unit.
The upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of R7, R8, R9, Q2, Q3, Q4 and D2, one end of R7 is connected with DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with the base of Q4; one end of R9 is connected with VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of Q4 and the base of Q2; one end of R8 is connected with the collector of Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of Q2, the negative pole of D2 and the base of Q3; the emitter of Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitters of Q4 and Q2 are grounded with the anode of D2.
The anti-interference circuit comprises C1, C2 and D1, wherein one end of C1 is connected with the output of the motor which is also an upper tube circuit, the cathode of D1 is connected with the ground, and the other end of the C1 is connected with the ground; c2 and D1 are connected to two ends of the motor, the positive pole of D1 is connected to the source of Q1 in the lower tube circuit, and D1 can be replaced by TVS tube or piezoresistor. Alternative alternatives for jammer circuits: a capacitor and a diode are connected in parallel at two ends of the motor, when the capacitance resistance of the diode is large, only one diode is needed to be connected, or a TVS tube and a piezoresistor are used for replacing, and the power supply side of the motor is connected with the capacitor to the ground.
The lower tube control circuit comprises a peripheral circuit consisting of R1, R2, R3, R4, C3 and Q1, one end of R1 is connected with DRL of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with a grid of Q1 and R2; one end of R3 is connected with the drain of Q1, R4 and R2, and the other end is connected with C3 and the input of the filter amplifying circuit.
The filter amplifying circuit consists of a following circuit and an in-phase amplifying circuit of an operational amplifier, wherein the in-phase end of the following circuit U1A is connected with one end of the C3, and the reverse phase end of the following circuit U1A is connected with the output of the following circuit U1B and is connected to the in-phase end of the amplifying circuit U1B; the inverting terminals of U1B are R5 and R6; the output of the U1B is connected with the R6 and an ADC of the MCU control unit; the filter amplifying circuit can be used for filtering first and then amplifying the same as the existing connection, and can also be used for amplifying first and then filtering the same, so long as the following circuit and the in-phase amplifying circuit are interchanged in position. The filtering and amplifying circuit in the embodiment is to filter and amplify first, or amplify first and filter second.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the MCU control unit DRH and DRL output high level at the same time, DRH controls Q4 in the upper tube circuit to be conducted, the base of Q2 is pulled down, Q2 does not work, VIN voltage is stabilized through series connection composed of R8, D2 and Q3, stable voltage is provided for one end of the motor, C1 and C2 are charged, DHL controls Q1 in the lower tube circuit to be conducted, the other end of the motor is grounded through R4 to form a loop, the motor runs, the current of the motor in the loop generates corresponding voltage signal on R4 during normal work, the voltage signal is converted into stable direct current voltage signal through an RC integrating circuit composed of R3 and C3, the signal is small in resistance value generally in order to reduce loss, the signal is weak, the signal is filtered through an in-phase follower composed of U1A, an amplifying circuit composed of U1B amplifies the signal and sends the signal to an ADC pin of the MCU control unit, and converts the voltage analog signal into a digital signal for analysis, and (4) forming closed return control, and judging whether the motor has overload and locked rotor phenomena in the transmission process through analog quantity monitored by an ADC pin.
When the MCU control unit DRH and the DRL output low levels simultaneously, the upper tube control circuit and the lower tube control circuit do not work, the motor stops running, and the motor forms a follow current loop through D1; during the motor specified stop operation period, the MCU control unit sends out DRH high level and DRL low level, the upper tube working lower tube does not work, if the ADC pin of the MCU control unit is monitored to have analog quantity, the lower tube damage is indicated, the control system is stopped to work and give an alarm, similarly, the MCU control unit sends out DRH low level and DRL high level, the ADC pin has analog feed, the upper tube damage is indicated, the control system is stopped to work and give an alarm, whether the upper tube and the lower tube in the motor stop operation have damage detection, the motor out-of-control phenomenon caused by the damage and short circuit of the driving power device is effectively prevented
Example two:
as shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is an improved embodiment based on the first embodiment in fig. 1, and is different from the embodiment in fig. 1 in the upper tube control circuit, and the rest is the same as the embodiment in fig. 1,
the upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of R7, R8, Q2, Q3 and D2, one end of R7 is connected with DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end is connected with the base of Q2; one end of R8 is connected with the collector of Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of Q2, the negative pole of D2 and the base of Q3; the emitter of Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitter of Q2 is connected with the anode of D2 to be grounded.
When the MCU control unit DRH is at low level and the DRL is at high level, the DRH controls Q2 in the upper tube circuit not to work, VIN voltage provides stable voltage for one end of the motor after being regulated by series connection consisting of R8, D2 and Q3 and charges C1 and C2, the drive control circuit works, and the motor runs.
When the program of MCU itself runs off, all I/O mouth appear simultaneously with high, with low, high resistance three state easily, this mode is to avoid MCU to export high level simultaneously when makeing mistakes, leads to drive control circuit out of control phenomenon.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 3, a further embodiment of this embodiment, which is improved based on the first embodiment in fig. 1, is different from the embodiment in fig. 1 in that the upper tube control circuit directly controls the enable terminal CE of the voltage stabilizing module Q2 through the DRH pin of the MCU control unit, when the CE pin is at a high level, the voltage stabilizing module Q2 operates to output a stable voltage to the motor, and when the CE pin is at a low level, the voltage stabilizing module Q2 does not operate, and the output is cut off, and the rest is the same as the embodiment in fig. 1, and the control principle is also the same.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A drive control circuit of a direct current motor is characterized in that: adopts a control mode of an upper tube and a lower tube, and comprises an upper tube control circuit, an anti-interference circuit, a lower tube control circuit, a filtering amplification circuit and an MCU control unit,
the upper tube control circuit converts the input voltage into the stable voltage required by the motor, ensures the stable number of turns of the motor rotation and controls the on and off of the stable voltage;
the anti-interference circuit is used for inhibiting electromagnetic interference generated by the motor during working;
the lower tube control circuit is used for controlling the work of the motor, collecting a current signal of the motor, converting the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal, and obtaining an equal proportion direct current voltage signal through RC integral;
the filtering and amplifying circuit is used for carrying out anti-interference filtering and amplifying on the motor direct-current voltage small signal acquired by the lower tube control circuit, and sending the signal to the MCU control unit for analog-to-digital conversion monitoring;
the MCU control unit provides driving control signals of the upper tube control circuit and the lower tube control circuit, monitors the current of the motor to determine whether the motor has overload and locked rotor phenomena, and judges whether the upper tube or the lower tube is damaged through time sequence control when the motor stops running.
2. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a triode Q2, a triode Q3, a triode Q4 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4; one end of the resistor R9 is connected with VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q4 and the base of the triode Q2; one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, the cathode of the diode D2 and the base of the triode Q3; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitters of the transistor Q4 and the transistor Q2 are grounded with the anode of the diode D2.
3. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-interference circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a diode D1, wherein one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the output of the motor which is also an upper tube control circuit, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the ground, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the ground; the capacitor C2 and the diode D1 are connected to two ends of the motor, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the lower tube control circuit.
4. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a capacitor C3 and a field effect transistor Q1, one end of the resistor R1 is connected with a DRL of the MCU control unit, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 and the resistor R2; one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the resistor R4 and the resistor R2, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C3 and the input of the filter amplifying circuit.
5. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filter amplifying circuit consists of a following circuit and an in-phase amplifying circuit of an operational amplifier, wherein the in-phase end of the following circuit U1A is connected with one end of a capacitor C3, and the reverse phase end of the following circuit U1A is connected with the output of the following circuit U1B and is connected to the in-phase end of the amplifying circuit U1B; the reverse phase end of the U1B is connected with a resistor R5 and a resistor R6; the output of the U1B is connected with a resistor R6 and an ADC of the MCU control unit.
6. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper tube control circuit or the lower tube control circuit is a triode circuit or any logic control circuit of an MOSFET circuit and a voltage stabilizing module circuit with control.
7. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper tube control circuit is a peripheral circuit consisting of a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a triode Q2, a triode Q3 and a diode D2, one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the DRH of the MCU control unit, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2; one end of the resistor R8 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3 and VIN, and the other end is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, the cathode of the diode D2 and the base of the triode Q3; the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected with the motor, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded with the anode of the diode D2.
8. The drive control circuit of a direct current motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diode D1 is replaced by a TVS tube or a piezoresistor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010629833.XA CN111987945B (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Drive control circuit of direct current motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010629833.XA CN111987945B (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Drive control circuit of direct current motor |
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| CN111987945A true CN111987945A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
| CN111987945B CN111987945B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| WO2015032126A1 (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-12 | 惠州市蓝微电子有限公司 | Electric tool control circuit |
| CN206743214U (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-12-12 | 无锡新硅微电子有限公司 | Driver output regulating circuitry for communication interface chip |
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2020
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| CN200953537Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-09-26 | 大连万方电器有限公司 | Pulse width speed regulating paper crusher |
| CN201282354Y (en) * | 2008-08-06 | 2009-07-29 | 深圳东辰科技有限公司 | Circuit for improving MCU control power source output accuracy |
| CN102566732A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-07-11 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Output current monitoring device for voltage reduction type conversion circuit |
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| CN111987945B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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