CN111987795A - Power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system and method based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system and method based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/128—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocol
Abstract
The invention provides a power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps: 1. the system comprises a host connected with a transformer outgoing line, a wave trap arranged at an incoming line end of a user electric meter, and a slave machine, wherein two ends of the slave machine are respectively connected with the incoming line end of the wave trap and an outgoing line end of the user electric meter; the slave machine sends a first waveform to one side of a wire inlet end connected with the wave trap and sends a second waveform to one side of a wire outlet end of the user electric meter; the amplitude of the first waveform sent by each slave machine under the same transformer is the same, and the frequency of the first waveform is different; the transmitted second waveforms are of the same frequency and different shapes. The method realizes convenient extraction of all low-voltage user lists carried by a certain transformer, and provides important support for establishing a dynamic platform area line loss basic platform account and reducing management line loss; the device realizes that the power of the low-voltage wire (cable) comes from which transformer can be checked at any time and any place, and is convenient and accurate to get off a power failure notice book; convenient electricity stealing checking is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, in particular to a power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things.
Background
The fine management of the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is a difficult problem which is difficult to overcome by long-term diligent research of power supply enterprises, and mainly because the number of the low-voltage transformer areas is large, the line loss reason is complex, and the troubleshooting is difficult. Especially in old urban area, canopy house district, district in city etc. the partial distribution station district has cross power supply, steals electric, topological relation is unclear, the platform district sign is unclear scheduling problem, for distribution station district lean operation and maintenance management increased the degree of difficulty and uncertainty, its main problem has:
(1) the huge data volume of the user-changing relationship causes low effect of the traditional method. Generally, a county-level power supply enterprise has thousands of transformers, the number of users exceeds one hundred thousand, the number of users in a transformer area is few, dozens of users and hundreds of users, 1 person checks one CAD drawing and takes 1.5 hours according to statistics, and if the drawings of the whole power supply enterprise are checked completely, thousands of hours are required, so that the county-level power supply enterprise can complete the work only by needing a large amount of manpower. However, since the change of the subscriber relationship occurs almost every day, the "electronic handover" of the changed part of the data can be performed only by means of multi-work-order delivery, and the consistency of the subscriber relationship can be maintained by checking the execution strength of the handover with samples. Clearly, the success of such "electronic hand-offs" depends on the subjective initiative of the performers, the consistency of which is difficult to synchronize in time.
The user changing relation refers to the power supply and utilization relation between the power supply enterprise public transformer area and the user using the transformer for power supply. Usually, each transformer has a fixed user, and power supply enterprises draw the corresponding relationship by using a CAD drawing and record the drawing in a drawing management system. However, in normal management and operation of power supply enterprises, due to a series of marketing activities such as new distribution and transformation, new planning, new addition, migration or customer sales of users and the like, the user transformation relationship changes, and the changes are reflected in the marketing MIS system used by the power supply enterprises firstly. Therefore, how to ensure the consistent user changing relationship of the two systems, the corresponding changes can be synchronized in time, and reliable data support is provided for normal production and operation. The traditional method is to use manual one-by-one drawings to contrast the marketing system one by one, which needs to consume a huge amount of manpower and time.
(2) The accurate power failure notification is difficult when a plurality of distribution transformers in the same cell are partially powered off. The power supply of a plurality of transformers in the same distribution room has cross power supply, and the notification of power failure can not be accurately performed when part of power failure occurs, particularly frequently-replaced house-along merchants, the correctness of the association of the low-voltage cable and a user power supply point is an important basic link for line loss management of a low-voltage cable station area, and meanwhile, the guarantee of accurate power failure of a low-voltage user is also provided.
(3) At present, the electricity stealing phenomenon is serious, the electricity stealing means is advanced, but the electricity stealing prevention means is mainly based on manual audit, and the problems of large workload, difficult evidence obtaining, lack of pertinence and the like exist. In the process of power supply and use, electricity consumers aim at reducing electric energy measurement and paying electricity fee, and adopt under-voltage method, under-current method, phase-shifting method, differential expansion method and other means to steal electric energy, thereby causing huge economic loss to power supply units and bringing about a series of potential safety hazards of electricity utilization and social problems. Therefore, the purpose of increasing benefits can be achieved only by using intelligent hardware equipment and scientific and technical means to carry out electricity stealing prevention work and reducing line loss through leaking stoppage and income increase. At present, measures for preventing electricity stealing mainly comprise technical means and management means. The technical means is mainly to steal electricity through instrument hardware equipment. The technical means is generally to apply a novel metering cabinet with electricity stealing prevention function, when a user has electricity stealing behavior, events such as voltage loss, current imbalance, reverse phase sequence and the like are recorded through equipment, and spider silk marks of electricity stealing are found. However, retrofitting or upgrading different customer metering devices in a region is not targeted and requires a lot of expenditure and time, which is difficult to achieve in the existing conditions. The management means is mainly a method combining electricity stealing prevention and line loss assessment, the reward service and the punishment are lazy, the enthusiasm of base-level electric management personnel is fully mobilized, and the workers start to perform field quantitative detection together to search electricity stealing points. However, in the face of a large number of electricity consumers, the inspection efficiency is low one by one, and the main defect is that the information cannot be effectively collected, accurately quantified and timely fed back. It can be found in analogy that the two traditional anti-electricity-stealing detection methods generally consume time and labor, sometimes need to judge according to the manually analyzed data of professionals, and especially for some temporary electricity-stealing, it is very difficult to collect evidences.
Therefore, a lean operation and maintenance strategy or application equipment is urgently needed for accurately judging the user station area and the phase attribute, accurately and quickly checking the user data of various station areas (especially, the lines are complex, the station areas are adjacent and crossed, the interference sources are many, the interference is serious, and the data is incomplete), providing a real and accurate data base for the user data, ensuring accurate identification in the whole station area range, and improving the accuracy of the user data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system and method based on the Internet of things, aiming at overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, and mainly aiming at solving the following three technical problems:
(1) the method has the advantages that the method can conveniently obtain the detailed list of all low-voltage users carried by a certain transformer, establish a dynamic platform area line loss basic account, conveniently reduce the line loss of management and solve the problem of power supply topology of the transformer for which electric meters;
(2) the power supply device can conveniently check which transformer the electricity of the low-voltage wire (cable) comes from, conveniently and accurately send a power failure notice, and solve the problem that the electricity comes from which transformer;
(3) can conveniently look over whether the electricity that arbitrary low voltage electrical equipment used charges through the ammeter, conveniently look for and steal the electricity, solve "electricity is not the problem of charging electricity".
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a distribution low pressure branch line monitoring system based on thing networking which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a host connected with a transformer outgoing line, a wave trap arranged at an incoming line end of a user electric meter, and a slave machine, wherein two ends of the slave machine are respectively connected with the incoming line end of the wave trap and an outgoing line end of the user electric meter;
the slave machine sends a first waveform to one side of a wire inlet end connected with the wave trap and sends a second waveform to one side of a wire outlet end of the user electric meter;
the amplitude of the first waveform sent by each slave machine under the same transformer is the same, and the frequency of the first waveform is different; the transmitted second waveforms are of the same frequency and different shapes.
Preferably, the first waveform is a rectangular wave; the second waveform is a triangular wave.
Preferably, the host is connected with an intelligent distribution terminal.
Preferably, the master and the slave communicate with each other by using spread spectrum carriers.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a handheld terminal for identifying the first waveform and/or the second waveform.
Preferably, the handheld terminal is integrated with the digital low-voltage electroscope.
And a monitoring method according to the above preferred monitoring system, characterized in that: and the hand-held terminal is connected into a circuit interface between the low-voltage outgoing switch and the wave trapper, and the transformer to which the user electric meter belongs is judged according to the frequency of the second waveform.
A second monitoring method according to the above preferred monitoring system, characterized in that: adopting the hand-held terminal to access a circuit interface at the load side of the user electric meter, and executing the following steps:
step S1: judging whether the second waveform is detected to confirm whether there is a situation of electricity theft, and if the second waveform is not detected, performing step S2;
step S2: and judging the site where the electricity stealing situation occurs according to the detected first waveform.
The invention and the preferable scheme thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method and the device realize the convenient and fast extraction of all low-voltage user lists carried by a certain transformer, provide important support for establishing a dynamic transformer area line loss basic account, reduce and manage line loss, and solve the problem of power supply topology of the transformer for electric meters.
(2) The power supply monitoring system realizes that the power of a low-voltage wire (cable) is from which transformer at any time and any place, conveniently and accurately sends a power failure notice, and solves the problem that the power comes from which transformer.
(3) The electricity stealing device realizes convenient electricity stealing checking and solves the problem that electricity is not the electricity charging problem.
In the scheme of the invention, the wave trap plays a role in blocking the first waveform and the second waveform on the side of the user ammeter while protecting the circuit, so that the two identification waveforms can respectively play corresponding roles.
The slave machines can generate different high-frequency waveforms, send rectangular waves to the power supply side of the electric meter and send triangular waves to the electric load side of the electric meter, so that the rectangular waves under the same transformer have the same amplitude and different frequencies; the triangular waveform at each meter is different but the same frequency (each transformer is identified with a unique frequency) and represents the asset number of the meter. And a slave is arranged at each electric meter, and waveforms generated by the slave are respectively connected to 1 hole (live wire inlet wire, power supply side) and 2 holes (live wire outlet wire, load side) of the household meter.
The host computer only needs to read the rectangular carrier on the power line, and the decoded rectangular carrier is transmitted to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal through a 485 line by using the fixed point table, so that the distribution transformer terminal can obtain the real-time information of which electric meters are carried below the transformer, and the distribution transformer terminal can upload the topological relation to the power supply service command system to share the topological relation.
At the user side, if triangular waves are not detected in electricity testing, the fact that the electric energy is not charged through an ammeter is shown, the situation of electricity stealing is met, and the transformer which is stolen can be judged through rectangular waves, so that line loss control is facilitated; by identifying the frequency of the triangular wave, the power supply can be confirmed from which transformer, the power failure notification is convenient to perform, the power supply failure notification method is particularly suitable for the accurate power failure notification of the transformer area with circuitous power supply in the old community, and the judgment can be easily realized when the power failure notification is not determined for some rooms along the street.
The implementation of the invention and the preferred scheme is beneficial to quickly positioning the electric stealing lines or equipment. At present, the electricity stealing phenomenon is serious, the electricity stealing means is advanced, but the electricity stealing prevention means is mainly based on manual audit, and the problems of large workload, difficult evidence obtaining, lack of pertinence and the like exist. The scheme reduces the range of suspected users of electricity stealing, reduces the workload of electricity stealing prevention, improves the check pertinence, and provides a basis for the power supply unit to detect electricity stealing, thereby reducing the financial loss of power supply enterprises and ensuring the operation safety of a power grid. The verification time of a single electricity stealing point is shortened to be within 0.5h from the original average 1.5 h.
Meanwhile, the method is beneficial to automatically updating the platform account of the platform area variable-account relation. At present, the site of the transformer-subscriber relationship of the transformer area is not consistent with the system, or is not timely updated with the system, and the chaos phenomenon and mismatching occur. The identification is not updated in time before the completion acceptance of the construction project in the transformer area, and the data of equipment and users are not clear, so that the field identification cannot reach the technical standard, the field acceptance is ignored, and the physical information crosstalk occurs. Meanwhile, the auditing process and the standard business process of the relationship between the reconstructed user meter and the platform area are not strict, and the number of the meter reading section is not subjected to double auditing and then is authorized, so that the influence on line loss due to the fact that the relationship between the reconstructed user meter and the platform area is not corresponding is seriously caused. By the scheme of the invention, the change-of-account relation ledger of the transformer area can be automatically updated, and the time waste and possible errors caused by manual updating are saved.
Meanwhile, accurate power failure notification is facilitated. The power failure notification issuing is an important task of a power supply enterprise, and the working timeliness and accuracy influence the satisfaction degree of a user. With the construction of a new distribution network, the power failure notification task is heavy, the cost of a power supply enterprise is high due to the fact that a large number of notifications are provided, and the service quality of the enterprise is also affected due to the fact that the power failure notification rejection rate is too high. Each link in the power failure notification work is analyzed and improved through lean management, and solutions are provided for main reasons. By implementing the scheme of the invention, the accurate power failure notification along the street of the house for increasing capacity and selling households can be realized frequently.
In conclusion, the invention and the preferred scheme thereof have wide application prospect and remarkable social and economic benefits.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement scheme and the working principle of the system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, in the scheme provided in this embodiment, the adopted devices mainly include: the system comprises a master machine, a slave machine and a high-frequency wave trap.
The host is arranged on the side of the transformer, connected with a transformer outgoing line and transmitted to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal through a 485 line, can receive and transmit carrier signals and has a signal waveform extraction function, so that the user meters belonging to the area are identified according to signals sent by the slave machines, and a topological relation is formed.
The slave machine is respectively connected with two ends of the user electric meter, a power supply side and a load side, and sends a rectangular wave to the power supply side as a first identification waveform and sends a triangular wave to the load side as a second identification waveform. The amplitude of rectangular waves sent by each slave machine under the same transformer is the same, and the frequency is different; the transmitted triangular waves have the same frequency and different shapes.
In order to isolate two waveforms sent from a slave computer on a circuit so as to achieve the purpose of the whole scheme of the embodiment, the embodiment is also provided with a high-frequency wave trap at the incoming line end of the user electric meter.
High frequency wave traps are an important component of power carrier communication systems. The power line is used for transmitting signals of high-frequency protection and high-frequency communication to form a channel, and the high-frequency signals are prevented from being transmitted to other directions, so that the reliable operation of a power line carrier communication system is ensured; meanwhile, the high-frequency wave trap can also inhibit the shunting influence of a transformer substation on a carrier system, and does not influence the normal transmission of 50Hz power frequency current.
In this embodiment, the high-frequency wave trap further realizes isolation of two identification waveforms on two sides of the user electric meter.
Considering that the low-voltage power line transmits 50Hz electric energy to the electric equipment, the power line is used for realizing data transmission, namely, the power line carrier technology is adopted. Since the power line itself is not designed for communication, it is difficult in many respects to directly satisfy the requirements of carrier communication. The transmission of data over power lines also presents a number of technical difficulties from a communications perspective. The main factors limiting the low-voltage power carrier communication are as follows:
(1) distribution transformer has the effect of blocking power carrier signals
The distribution transformer mainly realizes the transformation of 50Hz electric energy, and has a blocking effect on high-frequency power carrier signals, and the power carrier signals can only transmit signals within the range of one distribution transformer area.
Big signal loss between three-phase power lines (10-30 dB)
When the communication distance is close, signals may be received between different phases. Typically, power carrier signals can only be transmitted over a single phase power line.
Different signal coupling modes have different losses to power carrier signals
The coupling mode is wire-ground coupling and wire-neutral coupling, and the wire-ground coupling mode has a power carrier signal loss of tens of decibels less than that of the wire-neutral coupling mode, but the wire-ground coupling mode is not applicable to power systems in all regions.
The power line has inherent pulse interference
The currently used ac is 50Hz, the period is 20 ms. In each alternating current period, two peak values occur, and the two peak values bring about two pulse interferences, namely, the fixed 100Hz pulse interference exists on the power line, and the interference time is about 10 ms.
High noise on power lines
The power line is connected with various electric devices, and the electric devices have resistance, inductance, capacitance, high power and low power. Various electric equipment is frequently opened and closed frequently, various noise interferences can be brought to a power line, and the amplitude is large. The noise coupled from the power line by the coupling inductor is generally above 10mV, and the data signal to be transmitted is generally reduced to 1mV, and if the data signal is demodulated without using a Modem chip dedicated to the power line, the communication distance is relatively short.
High reduction of carrier signal by power line
When the load on the power line is heavy, the line impedance can reach below 1 Ω, resulting in high reduction of the carrier signal. In practical applications, when the power line is idle, the point-to-point carrier signal transmission can reach several kilometers. But when the load on the power line is heavy, only tens of meters can be transmitted.
Power line induced data signal distortion
The power line is a distributed parameter network, and the influence of different points and different time on the data signal is different. Meanwhile, the power line is dynamically changed at any moment, and the influence on the data signals at different times is different, so that the received signals are seriously deformed and uneven signals after the sent regular data signals pass through the power line.
Therefore, in order to overcome the problem of signal-to-noise ratio, in this embodiment, the master and the slave may preferably communicate with each other by using a spread spectrum carrier.
In order to cooperate with the final implementation of the scheme of the present embodiment, the scheme of the present embodiment further needs to adopt: a hand-held terminal for identifying square and/or triangular waves includes identifying the frequency and amplitude thereof. In order to facilitate carrying and operation of workers, the handheld terminal and the digital low-voltage electroscope are considered to be integrated, wherein a filter circuit and a waveform detection circuit are added to the digital low-voltage electroscope relative to a general low-voltage electroscope, so that interference capability of the low-voltage electroscope is enhanced, and an electroscope function is more stable and reliable.
Through the scheme above the embodiment, the detailed and convenient extraction of all low-voltage user accounts carried by a certain transformer is realized, an important support is provided for the establishment of a dynamic platform area line loss basic account, the management line loss is reduced, and the problem of power supply topology of the transformer for which electric meters is solved.
The power supply monitoring system realizes that the power of a low-voltage wire (cable) is from which transformer at any time and any place, conveniently and accurately sends a power failure notice, and solves the problem that the power comes from which transformer.
The electricity stealing device realizes convenient electricity stealing checking and solves the problem that electricity is not the electricity charging problem.
In the scheme of the embodiment, the wave trap plays a role in blocking the first waveform and the second waveform on the user ammeter side while protecting the circuit, so that the two identification waveforms can respectively play corresponding roles.
The slave machines can generate different high-frequency waveforms, send rectangular waves to the power supply side of the electric meter and send triangular waves to the electric load side of the electric meter, so that the rectangular waves under the same transformer have the same amplitude and different frequencies; the triangular waveform at each meter is different but the same frequency (each transformer is identified with a unique frequency) and represents the asset number of the meter. And a slave is arranged at each electric meter, and waveforms generated by the slave are respectively connected to 1 hole (live wire inlet wire, power supply side) and 2 holes (live wire outlet wire, load side) of the household meter.
The host computer only needs to read the rectangular carrier on the power line, and the decoded rectangular carrier is transmitted to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal through a 485 line by using the fixed point table, so that the distribution transformer terminal can obtain the real-time information of which electric meters are carried below the transformer, and the distribution transformer terminal can upload the topological relation to the power supply service command system to share the topological relation.
At the user side, if triangular waves are not detected in electricity testing, the fact that the electric energy is not charged through an ammeter is shown, the situation of electricity stealing is met, and the transformer which is stolen can be judged through rectangular waves, so that line loss control is facilitated; by identifying the frequency of the triangular wave, the power supply can be confirmed from which transformer, the power failure notification is convenient to perform, the power supply failure notification method is particularly suitable for the accurate power failure notification of the transformer area with circuitous power supply in the old community, and the judgment can be easily realized when the power failure notification is not determined for some rooms along the street.
Through the implementation of the scheme of the embodiment, the quick positioning of the electric stealing lines or equipment is facilitated. At present, the electricity stealing phenomenon is serious, the electricity stealing means is advanced, but the electricity stealing prevention means is mainly based on manual audit, and the problems of large workload, difficult evidence obtaining, lack of pertinence and the like exist. The scheme reduces the range of suspected users of electricity stealing, reduces the workload of electricity stealing prevention, improves the check pertinence, and provides a basis for the power supply unit to detect electricity stealing, thereby reducing the financial loss of power supply enterprises and ensuring the operation safety of a power grid. The verification time of a single electricity stealing point is shortened to be within 0.5h from the original average 1.5 h.
Meanwhile, the method is beneficial to automatically updating the platform account of the platform area variable-account relation. At present, the site of the transformer-subscriber relationship of the transformer area is not consistent with the system, or is not timely updated with the system, and the chaos phenomenon and mismatching occur. The identification is not updated in time before the completion acceptance of the construction project in the transformer area, and the data of equipment and users are not clear, so that the field identification cannot reach the technical standard, the field acceptance is ignored, and the physical information crosstalk occurs. Meanwhile, the auditing process and the standard business process of the relationship between the reconstructed user meter and the platform area are not strict, and the number of the meter reading section is not subjected to double auditing and then is authorized, so that the influence on line loss due to the fact that the relationship between the reconstructed user meter and the platform area is not corresponding is seriously caused. Through the scheme of the embodiment, the automatic updating of the platform account of the platform area variable-account relation can be realized, and the time wasted by manual updating and possible errors are saved.
Meanwhile, accurate power failure notification is facilitated. The power failure notification issuing is an important task of a power supply enterprise, and the working timeliness and accuracy influence the satisfaction degree of a user. With the construction of a new distribution network, the power failure notification task is heavy, the cost of a power supply enterprise is high due to the fact that a large number of notifications are provided, and the service quality of the enterprise is also affected due to the fact that the power failure notification rejection rate is too high. Each link in the power failure notification work is analyzed and improved through lean management, and solutions are provided for main reasons. Through the implementation of the scheme of the embodiment, the accurate power failure notification along the street of the increase capacity and the sale household can be realized frequently.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any other various types of monitoring systems and methods for low voltage branch lines of power distribution based on the internet of things can be derived from the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a distribution low pressure branch line monitoring system based on thing networking which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a host connected with a transformer outgoing line, a wave trap arranged at an incoming line end of a user electric meter, and a slave machine, wherein two ends of the slave machine are respectively connected with the incoming line end of the wave trap and an outgoing line end of the user electric meter;
the slave machine sends a first waveform to one side of a wire inlet end connected with the wave trap and sends a second waveform to one side of a wire outlet end of the user electric meter;
the amplitude of the first waveform sent by each slave machine under the same transformer is the same, and the frequency of the first waveform is different; the transmitted second waveforms are of the same frequency and different shapes.
2. The internet of things-based power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the first waveform is a rectangular wave; the second waveform is a triangular wave.
3. The internet of things-based power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the host is connected with the intelligent distribution transformer terminal.
4. The internet of things-based power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: and the master machine and the slave machine are communicated by adopting spread spectrum carriers.
5. The internet of things-based power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: further comprising: a handheld terminal for identifying the first waveform and/or the second waveform.
6. The internet of things-based power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein: the handheld terminal and the digital low-voltage test pencil are integrated.
7. The monitoring method of the power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system based on the Internet of things according to claim 5, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: and the hand-held terminal is connected into a circuit interface between the low-voltage outgoing switch and the wave trapper, and the transformer to which the user electric meter belongs is judged according to the frequency of the second waveform.
8. The monitoring method of the power distribution low-voltage branch line monitoring system based on the Internet of things according to claim 5, wherein the monitoring method comprises the following steps: adopting the hand-held terminal to access a circuit interface at the load side of the user electric meter, and executing the following steps:
step S1: judging whether the second waveform is detected to confirm whether there is a situation of electricity theft, and if the second waveform is not detected, performing step S2;
step S2: and judging the site where the electricity stealing situation occurs according to the detected first waveform.
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