CN1119876C - Integrated satellite communication system frame and constellation - Google Patents
Integrated satellite communication system frame and constellation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1119876C CN1119876C CN 99114761 CN99114761A CN1119876C CN 1119876 C CN1119876 C CN 1119876C CN 99114761 CN99114761 CN 99114761 CN 99114761 A CN99114761 A CN 99114761A CN 1119876 C CN1119876 C CN 1119876C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a Chinese integrated satellite communication system which is composed of a synchronous satellite and a plurality of asynchronous satellites, wherein each asynchronous satellite is composed of middle orbit satellite or elliptical orbit satellite constellations and has regionality and time limitation, namely that the asynchronous satellites covers the time limitation regionality constellations of China in service peak time every day. The asynchronous satellites can not cover time intervals with low service amount, such as a late evening and an early morning. The small service amount can be supported by the synchronous satellite. Thus, the present invention ensures the requirement of the satellite communication of China, and the investment cost of the present invention is less. Thus, the present invention provides the new generation of a satellite communication system scheme with low cost, which supports different satellite communication service of China. The system can be used for non-real time global data communication, and the present invention is the satellite communication system which is autonomously mastered completely by China to realize the global communication. The present invention has significance for diplomacy, military affairs and special communication.
Description
The invention belongs to satellite communication field.
The business of satellite communication has fixing and mobile service two classes.The satellite orbit of satellite communication system has two kinds: geo-stationary orbit, the i.e. overhead circular orbit in equator, highly about 36000km; Asynchronous track comprises circular orbit and elliptic orbit again.Wherein, the circular orbit height is at the low rail of title of 500-2000km, and rail in the title of height about 10000km.Satellite mobile communication system is mainly used in supports to be positioned at land mobile communication net service area user's mobile communication business in addition, and its user is the lower personal terminal of speed.In, low rail system helps the simplification and the low cost of terminal, therefore in satellite mobile communication, occupy an leading position.Because in, there is relative motion on low orbit satellite and ground, system must constitute specific constellation by multi-satellite, with the continuous covering of assurance to service area.This type systematic is covering the whole world usually, and required number of satellite is many, investment is big.Usually, the geosynchronous satellite mobile communication system is considered to set up the better selection of the regional systems that only covers particular locality, and it only needs one, two satellite, space segment reduced investment.
Iridium has (Iridium) 66 low orbit satellites, invests 3,900,000,000 dollars; And 48 low orbit satellites of GlobalStar (Globalstar) are invested 2,400,000,000 dollars; 10 middle rail satellites of middle rail system (ICO) are invested 3,000,000,000 dollars.These non-geostationary satellite mobile communication systems all are global systems, invest hugely, and can only support mobile voice service and low-speed data service.
Existing synchronous satellite mobile communication system has: north American of having set up (MSAT) and Australian system (MOBILESAT), and under preparation based on the Asia-Pacific system (APMT) of China.These systems all only cover specific zone, are regional systems.MAST, MOBILESAT only support vehicle-mounted mobile subscriber, and APMT can support the hand-held set user.Its business also is only limited to speech and low speed data.
When China's satellite communication traffic carrying capacity increases rapidly, there is multiple new business also to need satellite communication system support, such as mobile satellite service, outlying district basic communication (speech and low speed data) business, highspeed user's data service and mutual multimedia service etc.The result of research shows that it is comparatively reasonable that these new communication services utilize propagation loss and all less asynchronous orbiter of time-delay to support.And concerning transmission delay had strict some interactive multimedia business that limits, the transmission delay of the length of synchronous satellite was unallowable.
Satellite mobile communication for China, outlying district basic communication (speech and low speed data) is communicated by letter with the interactive multimedia of high speed (broadband), existing or proposed some systems (system that comprises external proposition), all can only support wherein some business demand, and they are as global system and required investment is huge.So far, go back neither one with the above-mentioned various communication services of supporting China and surrounding area, satellite communication system scheme cheaply.
The invention provides one support all kinds of satellite communication business of China, integrated satellite communication system scheme of new generation cheaply, this system can support various types of business, has multiple function: the task of 1, bearing present China synchronous satellite communications system: the connection of national communication net junction; The access of remote subscriber (mainly being meant the access of far-end VSAT (very-small antenna bore satellite station) terminal here) is used to form different private network, also is used for the interconnection (private network can be a satellite network, also can be terrestrial network) of each private network and public network; 2, support mobile communication and outlying district basic communication; 3, support that the access of highspeed user's data service, internet is communicated by letter with interactive multimedia.
The present invention be with the middle rail satellite constellation (scheme one) in zonal time limit or HEOS constellation (scheme two) with synchronous satellite, constitute the of new generation comprehensive satellite communication system of China, connect by inter satellite link between the satellite.
Synchronous satellite is positioned on the overhead about 36000Km in equator high " geo-stationary orbit ", and satellite keeps relative static with ground, and a satellite is enough to cover China and surrounding area thereof.There is relative motion on asynchronous satellite and ground, will form suitable constellation by some satellites, so that provide service for China and surrounding area thereof.The height work of asynchronous satellite of the present invention about 10000km.China has set up comparatively perfect synchronous satellite communications system, and it can be used as the basis of synchronous satellite part in the integrated system, but processing unit on the star of necessary increase inter satellite link and necessity.Therefore, content of the present invention will comprise integrated system framework and asynchronous satellite constellation scheme two parts.
System framework comprises:
1. the distribution of all kinds of business in the system: owing to the asynchronous satellite that orbit altitude is lower is all very favourable at the aspects such as access of supporting mobile communication, outlying district basic communication and high rate user, therefore in integrated system, the professional emphasis that synchronous satellite and asynchronous satellite are supported is different.The business that synchronous satellite is mainly supported has: 1). the connection between each junction of ground public network, and its ground station is huge, the cost height; 2). the access of remote subscriber (VSAT terminal); 3). constitute being connected of private network and private network.The business that asynchronous satellite is mainly supported has: 1) mobile communication business; 2) provide the basic communication (speech and low-rate data) in outlying district and rural area, its user terminal cost is far below the VSAT terminal; 3) be used for the access of two-forty (can reach 2Mb/s) user terminal; 4) provide non real-time global metadata communication service.The distribution of above-mentioned all kinds of business is not absolute, can dynamically regulate and distribute in case of necessity.
2. because there is relative motion on asynchronous satellite and ground, it should be satisfied the requirement of system by the constellation that some satellites are formed.The present invention to the basic demand of constellation is: 1) to the covering of China and surrounding area thereof; 2) small investment.In order to reduce investment outlay, asynchronous orbiter of the present invention adopts the regional constellation of time limit that only covers China in peak traffic phase every day.In the low traffic period (as the late into the night and morning) that asynchronous satellite can not cover, can support the traffic carrying capacity that these are less by synchronous satellite.At this moment, the synchronous satellite that China is covered continuously also is in the underload period, increases adverse effect because of passing loss when it has enough resources (as power) to improve to be converted to synchronous satellite by asynchronous satellite.
Asynchronous satellite constellation of the present invention has middle rail and two kinds of schemes of elliptic orbit.
Scheme one: middle rail satellite constellation scheme
Scheme constitutes constellation by the some middle rail satellites of fewer purpose, about circular orbit altitude 10000km.Under certain elevation angle condition, can cover China continuously every day in the peak traffic phase.
Scheme two: HEOS constellation scheme
A kind of integrated satellite communication system of the present invention, it is to be made of synchronous satellite and asynchronous satellite, it is characterized in that described asynchronous satellite adopt in during the rail satellite constellation, satellite orbital altitude is 10353km, 4 orbital planes are arranged, satellite on each track, orbit plane the inclination angle be 42 °, in 7 o'clock to 22: 30 of every day Beijing time 14.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation, the constellation parameter of 4 satellites is respectively: satellite 1,2,3,4 right ascension of ascending node is respectively 80.5 °, 110.5 °, 140.5 °, 170.5 °, satellite 1,2,3,4 initial phase angle is respectively 0 °, 120 °, 240 °, 0 °; When described asynchronous satellite adopts the HEOS constellation, the eccentricity of elliptical orbit is 0.35, semi-major axis 16732.5km, 4 orbit planes, satellite on each track, the orbit plane inclination angle is 63.4 °, altitude of the apogee 16209.375km, perigee altitude 4496.625km, in 7 o'clock to 23: 30 of every day Beijing time 15.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation, the constellation parameter of 4 satellites is respectively: satellite 1,2,3,4 right ascension of ascending node is respectively 80.5 °, 110.5 °, 140.5 °, 170.5 °, satellite 1,2,3,4 argument of perigee is 270 °, and 4 satellites are positioned at the time T that the initial position distance at first flies through ascending node
NBe respectively 0 minute, 240 minutes, 120 minutes, 0 minute.
Need to prove that the present invention program also can constitute constellation by some less satellites of number, but track is oval, under certain elevation angle condition, can cover China continuously in the peak traffic phase of every day.
In the integrated system that the present invention proposes, " synchronous satellite " can be gone up at current China existing synchronous satellite basis (at satellite celestial body of future generation) increases that treatment facility gets final product on inter satellite link and the suitable star.
Advantage of the present invention is, it is the regional satellite communication system scheme at China, be to support the synchronous of multiple business and the integrated system that asynchronous satellite combines, and the extrapolated integrated system of supporting identical polytype business of state all is a global system.The just operation successively in later two, three years about 2000 greatly of these systems is invested huge.The fixed service of the satellite communication system support that China moves at present comprises the main line between the communication network junction, and constitutes VSAT (very-small antenna bore satellite station) system and private network etc., all utilizes synchronous satellite support.Amstar mobile communication (APMT) system based on China that is implementing also is a synchronous satellite system, it is technical all unreasonable to being supported in of hand-held terminal communication and outlying district basic communication, and system can not support the interactive service of highspeed user's terminal.Comprise synchronous satellite and asynchronous satellite in the integrated system of the present invention, they mainly support some specific types of service separately, but simultaneity factor is again the comprehensive system of a resource dynamic assignment.Abroad implemented or calculated nonsynchronous satellite communication system nearly all adopts global constellation, required investment is huge.The present invention adopts the what is called " regional constellation of time limit " that only covers China and surrounding area thereof in the specific period of every day, because few, the reduced investment of required number of satellite makes of the present invention being implemented in become possibility economically.
China's integrated system that comprises synchronous satellite and synchronous satellite that the present invention proposes, and provide system framework and detailed regional constellation scheme of time limit still belongs to the first time.
Integrated system of the present invention also can be used for the communication of non real-time global metadata.The present invention adopts regional asynchronous satellite constellation, although it does not have ability covering the whole world continuously, and can be non real-time covering the whole world.Therefore, native system can use storage/pass-through mode to realize global communication.This is to realize global communication by the autonomous satellite communication system of grasping of China fully, for diplomatic, military and some specific communications significance is arranged.
Important feature of the present invention is that asynchronous satellite has partly adopted regional time limit constellation, and required satellite number is few, therefore, invests little.In order to compare, be example with middle rail Odyssey system.This system is made up of 12 highly about 10,000 kilometers middle rail satellite.And asynchronous satellite of the present invention is 4 (10,000 kilometers middle rail or 10,000 kilometers upper and lower HEOSs).If system's investment is proportional with number of satellite, then the required investment of native system is 1/3rd of an Odyssey system.Yet the native system constellation can not only provide covering to China, also the continental United States of geographical position symmetry (longitude symmetry) is provided the covering of same even better (elevation angle is higher) simultaneously.Therefore, if this constellation is to be used to set up two regional systems, and each system respectively bears investment half, and then the required investment of the asynchronous satellite part of China system only is the sixth of Odyssey system, will have high economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing and drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show the schematic diagram of middle rail satellite constellation (scheme one) of the present invention and HEOS constellation (scheme two) respectively;
The rail system covered elevation angle characteristic during Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 showed, and abscissa is a longitude among the figure, and ordinate is a latitude.Wherein Fig. 3 is the minimum elevation angle characteristic that covers, and Fig. 4 is the average angle of elevation characteristic.As seen from Figure 3, the minimum of China is covered the elevation angle is 15 ° (only the situation that the minimum angle of elevation is lower than 15 ° occurs with some areas of northwest northeastward, but having only several minutes every day) to constellation.As seen from Figure 4, constellation is 40 ° to the average covering elevation angle of China, remove outside the north, northeast and the area, the northwestward, Xinjiang, and be 45 ° to the most of regional average covering elevation angle of China.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the elliptic orbit system and cover elevation angle characteristic, and abscissa is a longitude among the figure, and ordinate is a latitude.Wherein Fig. 5 is the minimum angle of elevation characteristic, and Fig. 6 is the average angle of elevation characteristic.As seen from Figure 5, constellation is 15 ° to the minimum covering elevation angle of China, removes outside the north, northeast, the area, the northwestward, Xinjiang, and it is 20 ° that the most of regional minimum of China is covered the elevation angle.As seen from Figure 6, constellation is 45 ° to the average covering elevation angle of China, remove outside Southwestern Tibet, the south of Yunnan area, and be 50 ° to the most of regional average covering elevation angle of China.
Embodiment: asynchronous orbiter constellation of the present invention is zonal and the time limit." regionality " is that China is defined as: " with the abstract center in China territory, territorial waters and surrounding area thereof 105 ° of 30 ° of east longitudes of north latitude, geocentric angle be 26 ° the spherical crown zone ".Asynchronous track constellation will provide required coverage property for this zone, and the covering in other area is not then considered; The foundation of selectivity characteristic is the inhomogeneities that system in a day (business) loads on the different periods.Fig. 7 has provided the voice service amount in intraday distribution situation." time limit " characteristic of constellation of the present invention choose the traffic carrying capacity maximum that will guarantee in the given period, to support.
In the employing during rail satellite constellation: satellite orbital altitude 10353km, 4 orbital planes are arranged, satellite on each track, orbit plane the inclination angle be 42 °.In 7 o'clock to 22: 30 of every day Beijing time 14.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation.Constellation parameter is as shown in table 1.
Rail satellite constellation parameter in the table 1
| The satellite numbering | Right ascension of ascending node (Ω) (annotating 1) | Initial phase angle (annotating 2) |
| 1 | 80.5° | 0° |
| 2 | 110.5° | 120° |
| 3 | 140.5° | 240° |
| 4 | 170.5° | 0° |
Annotate 1: the first point of Aries and ascending node are to interior under the line the measuring of subtended angle in the earth's core.
Annotate 2: the satellite initial launch is position and ascending node measuring along the satellite motion direction in orbit plane constantly.
When adopting the HEOS constellation: the eccentricity of elliptical orbit is 0.35, semi-major axis 16732.5km.4 orbit planes, satellite on each track, the orbit plane inclination angle is 63.4 °.Altitude of the apogee 16209.375km, perigee altitude 4496.625km.In 7 o'clock to 23: 30 of every day Beijing time 15.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation.Constellation parameter is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 HEOS constellation parameter
Annotate 3: perigee of orbit and ascending node be measuring along the satellite motion direction in orbit plane.Annotate 4:T
NFor satellite is positioned at initial position, distance at first flies through the time of ascending node.
| The satellite numbering | Right ascension of ascending node (Ω) | Perigee spoke (ω) (annotating 3) | T N(annotating 4) |
| 1 | 80.5° | 270° | 0 |
| 2 | 110.5° | 270° | 240 minutes |
| 3 | 140.5 ° | 270° | 120 |
| 4 | 170.5° | 270° | 0 |
System's investment estimation: 12 middle rail satellite Odyssey system investments are 1,800,000,000 dollars (see＜the telecommunications science〉97 year the 8th phase).If calculate with the ratio of number of satellite, this programme 4 satellite systems need to invest be 600,000,000 dollars.If constellation is used to set up two regional systems, each system bears half of investment, and then the required investment of this programme is only 300,000,000 dollars.And China's APMT system investment under preparation is 6～700,000,000 dollars.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of integrated satellite communication system, it is to be made of synchronous satellite and asynchronous satellite, it is characterized in that described asynchronous satellite adopt in during the rail satellite constellation, satellite orbital altitude is 10353km, 4 orbital planes are arranged, satellite on each track, orbit plane the inclination angle be 42 °, in 7 o'clock to 22: 30 of every day Beijing time 14.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation, the constellation parameter of 4 satellites is respectively: satellite 1,2,3,4 right ascension of ascending node is respectively 80.5 °, 110.5 °, 140.5 °, 170.5 °, satellite 1,2,3,4 initial phase angle is respectively 0 °, 120 °, 240 °, 0 °; When described asynchronous satellite adopts the HEOS constellation, the eccentricity of elliptical orbit is 0.35, semi-major axis 16732.5km, 4 orbit planes, satellite on each track, the orbit plane inclination angle is 63.4 °, altitude of the apogee 16209.375km, perigee altitude 4496.625km, in 7 o'clock to 23: 30 of every day Beijing time 15.5 hours, cover China continuously with 15 ° minimums angle of elevation, the constellation parameter of 4 satellites is respectively: satellite 1,2,3,4 right ascension of ascending node is respectively 80.5 °, 110.5 °, 140.5 °, 170.5 °, satellite 1,2,3,4 argument of perigee is 270 °, and 4 satellites are positioned at the time T that the initial position distance at first flies through ascending node
NBe respectively 0 minute, 240 minutes, 120 minutes, 0 minute.
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| CN 99114761 CN1119876C (en) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Integrated satellite communication system frame and constellation |
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| CN 99114761 CN1119876C (en) | 1999-03-31 | 1999-03-31 | Integrated satellite communication system frame and constellation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101137112B (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2010-12-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for optimizing group calling area in cluster system |
| CN102413590B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2014-05-28 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Global satellite communication system and method |
| US9647749B2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-05-09 | Google Inc. | Satellite constellation |
| CN106253964A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-12-21 | 北京信威通信技术股份有限公司 | Mobile communication system based on Constellation of Low Earth Orbit Satellites network and method |
| US10361773B2 (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | Blue Digs LLC | Satellite constellation having multiple orbital inclinations |
| US10807740B2 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-10-20 | Blue Digs LLC | Sun synchronous orbit |
| CN110518960B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-07-13 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | High-robustness satellite constellation time self-synchronization method |
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