CN111987380A - Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization - Google Patents

Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111987380A
CN111987380A CN201910421896.3A CN201910421896A CN111987380A CN 111987380 A CN111987380 A CN 111987380A CN 201910421896 A CN201910421896 A CN 201910421896A CN 111987380 A CN111987380 A CN 111987380A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
lithium
ion battery
positive
lithium ion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910421896.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张海涛
黄美娥
张玉荣
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tianjin Hongjian Ruihe Technology Co ltd
Original Assignee
Tianjin Hongjian Ruihe Technology Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tianjin Hongjian Ruihe Technology Co ltd filed Critical Tianjin Hongjian Ruihe Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN201910421896.3A priority Critical patent/CN111987380A/en
Publication of CN111987380A publication Critical patent/CN111987380A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode materials and discloses a method for reprocessing and utilizing the recycled electrode materials. The recovery method comprises the steps of firstly overdischarging the waste batteries, carrying out incision treatment on the batteries in a glove box containing inert gas, discharging electrolyte, secondly splitting the positive electrode and the negative electrode, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the positive electrode and the negative electrode to strip electrode materials from a current collector, and finally collecting positive/negative electrode particle substances. Reprocessing the collected positive/negative electrode particle materials into positive/negative electrode slurry materials for assembling into lithium slurry or a lithium flow battery; the collected cathode particles can also be processed into cathode materials for assembling a new lithium ion battery. The method for recycling and reusing the waste lithium ion battery electrode material endows the waste lithium ion battery electrode material with secondary life, has great significance for resource recycling, is simple and convenient to operate, and can be industrialized in a large scale.

Description

Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste battery recovery, in particular to a method for recovering a waste lithium ion battery electrode material, and relates to a method for reprocessing and utilizing the recovered electrode material.
Background
The lithium ion battery is used as one of main power supplies for communication equipment, electric automobiles and large-scale energy storage systems, and in recent years, along with the issuance and implementation of relevant policies of new energy of China, the usage amount and the range of the lithium ion battery are greatly expanded. According to statistics, in 2000, the usage amount of lithium ion batteries all over the world is 5 hundred million, and reaches 70 hundred million in 2015. However, the service life of the lithium ion battery is limited, and a large amount of waste batteries are generated due to the large use of the lithium ion battery. For example, in 2020, the number of waste lithium ion batteries in China exceeds 250 hundred million, and the total weight of the waste lithium ion batteries exceeds 50 ten thousand tons. In order to save energy and protect the environment, the recycling of waste lithium ion batteries is urgent.
It is known that the utilization rate of the electrode material of the discarded battery is still about 80%, and if the discarded battery is directly discarded or the metal elements in the discarded battery are extracted like the traditional method, the environmental pollution and the waste of resources are undoubtedly caused. If we directly recycle the electrode materials with high utilization rate by a simple method, the electrode materials are reprocessed and reused in the battery, and the materials are given a second life, which is very significant for recycling the waste battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode materials aiming at the ideas mentioned in the background technology, and relates to a method for recycling the recycled electrode materials.
A method for recycling and reusing waste lithium ion battery electrode materials. The recovery method comprises the steps of firstly overdischarging the waste lithium ion battery, secondly performing incision treatment on the battery in a glove box containing inert gas, discharging electrolyte, then splitting a positive electrode and a negative electrode, performing ultrasonic treatment on the positive electrode and the negative electrode to strip electrode materials from a current collector, and finally collecting positive/negative electrode particle substances. The obtained positive/negative electrode particles are reprocessed and prepared into new electrode materials for lithium ion slurry batteries, lithium ion flow batteries or new lithium ion batteries.
Furthermore, the waste lithium ion batteries comprise lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium ion batteries and the like serving as anodes and lithium ion batteries taking carbon and lithium titanate systems as cathodes.
Further, the waste batteries are firstly over-discharged and secondly the batteries are cut in a glove box containing inert gas, and electrolyte is discharged, wherein the purpose of the former is to ensure the safety of the batteries, and the purpose of the latter is to remove dangerous components (LiPF 6) in the electrolyte, so that personal harm caused by subsequent operation is avoided.
Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are subjected to ultrasonic treatment, wherein the positive electrode is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP liquid, and the negative electrode is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP or water. The negative electrode particulate matter obtained by ultrasonic treatment with water needs to be subjected to vacuum drying treatment at a drying temperature of 60-120 ℃.
A method for reprocessing and utilizing recovered electrode materials. The recycling method is to reprocess the collected positive/negative electrode particulate matter into a positive/negative electrode slurry material for assembling into a lithium slurry or a lithium flow battery; the collected cathode particles can also be processed into cathode materials for assembling a new lithium ion battery.
Further, the positive electrode slurry material is prepared by taking collected positive electrode particulate matters (including one or a mixture of more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium cobaltate, ternary materials and other lithium-containing metal oxides) as positive electrode active particles, and then adding a conductive agent and an electrolyte to prepare a slurry mixture, namely the positive electrode slurry material. Specifically, it is to be noted that: if the anode material and the cathode material in the waste lithium ion battery cannot be well separated, the anode material and the cathode material which are disassembled can be simultaneously placed into an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP for ultrasonic extraction, the electrode particle substances which are recovered in the way are also prepared into the anode slurry material for use through the preparation method, the cathode material of the original battery serves as a conductive agent in the newly processed anode slurry material, and the conductive agent in the anode material of the original battery can still serve as the conductive agent of the anode material in the anode of the new battery, so that the conductive agent does not need to be additionally added.
Further, the negative electrode slurry material is prepared by taking collected negative electrode particulate matters (including carbon materials such as graphite and lithium titanium oxide) as negative electrode active particles, and then adding a conductive agent and an electrolyte to prepare a slurry mixture, namely the negative electrode slurry material.
Further, the collected negative electrode particulate matter can also be processed into a negative electrode material, namely, the collected negative electrode particulate matter is used as negative electrode active particles, then the negative electrode active particles, the binder and the conductive agent are mixed to prepare a slurry mixture, and the slurry mixture is coated and rolled to prepare the negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery. It should be noted that: the negative electrode particles for such processing applications are preferably recovered by ultrasonic treatment in a water-containing ultrasonic apparatus in order to remove lithium dendrites produced during overdischarge of the negative electrode.
Furthermore, the quality of the cathode can be improved by the pretreatment process after the new lithium ion battery cathode material is prepared after recovery. The method specifically comprises the following two steps:
1) and (3) high-temperature carbonization process: carbonizing the binder such as PVDF and CMC, and partial impurities, at 300-800 deg.C;
2) the supercritical extraction process comprises the following steps: extracting the binder and part of impurities.
The specific operation can be performed depending on the recovery equipment of the plant.
Further, the conductive agent is generally one or a mixture of several of carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, metal particles, and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the invention strips and recovers the anode/cathode material by an ultrasonic means, and has simple and safe operation. Second, the present invention directly uses the recovered positive/negative electrode particulate matter as active particles, and directly prepares a positive/negative electrode slurry material together with a conductive agent and an electrolyte to assemble a lithium slurry battery or a lithium flow battery, giving a second life to the electrode material. Thirdly, the recycling and reusing method has the advantages of simple process, low cost and easy industrialization.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the invention is within the scope of the present invention with slight modifications or derivatives.
Example 1 recovery of lithium cobaltate (graphite as negative electrode) used lithium ion battery electrode material
First, the collected lithium cobalt oxide waste lithium ion battery (lithium cobalt oxide as positive electrode and graphite as negative electrode) is overdischarged. Secondly, the overdischarged lithium cobalt oxide battery is placed in a glove box containing inert gas to carry out incision treatment on the battery, and the electrolyte is discharged. Thirdly, splitting the anode and the cathode in the glove box, then respectively packaging the anode plate and the cathode plate into self-sealing bags, sealing the openings, and sending out the glove box. Fourthly, the positive electrode of the battery is placed into an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP, the negative electrode of the battery is placed into an ultrasonic instrument containing water, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively subjected to ultrasonic treatment, so that the electrode material is stripped from a current collector, and finally positive/negative electrode particle substances are collected, wherein the negative electrode carbon material is dried in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60 ℃ and then collected.
EXAMPLE 2 reprocessing of materials and assembling of lithium paste batteries
The positive/negative electrode particulate matter collected by the method of example 1 was supplemented with an appropriate amount of a conductive agent and an electrolyte solution to prepare positive/negative electrode slurry materials for a lithium slurry battery, respectively, and the positive/negative electrode slurry materials were used as positive and negative electrode materials to assemble a lithium slurry battery.
Example 3 recovery of waste lithium ion battery electrode materials that cannot separate the positive and negative electrodes
Firstly, the collected waste lithium ion battery with seriously damaged structure is put into a glove box containing inert gas to carry out incision treatment on the battery, and electrolyte is discharged. Secondly, the battery is disassembled in the glove box, then the electrode plates are packaged into a self-sealing bag, a port is sealed, and the glove box is sent out. Thirdly, putting the electrode slice into an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP for ultrasonic treatment, so that the electrode material is stripped from the current collector, and finally, collecting the mixed positive and negative electrode particle substances.
EXAMPLE 4 reprocessing of materials and assembling of lithium paste batteries
The positive and negative electrode mixed particulate matter obtained in example 3, or a part of the positive electrode particulate matter obtained in example 1 was supplemented, and then prepared into a positive electrode slurry material for a lithium slurry battery together with an electrolytic solution. A negative electrode slurry material was prepared by adding a conductive agent and an electrolytic solution to the negative electrode particulate matter obtained in example 1. Then, a lithium paste battery was assembled using them as positive and negative electrode materials.
EXAMPLE 5 reworking of materials and assembling of New lithium ion batteries
The negative electrode particulate material obtained in example 1 was mixed with a binder and a conductive agent to prepare a slurry mixture, and the slurry mixture was subjected to coating and roll-pressing to prepare a negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery. The cathode material and a new anode material are used as a cathode/anode material together to assemble a new lithium ion battery.

Claims (10)

1. A method for reclaiming and reusing the electrode material of waste Li-ion battery includes such steps as overdischarging the waste Li-ion battery, cutting the battery in a glove box containing inertial gas, discharging electrolyte, splitting anode and cathode, ultrasonic treating to peel the electrode material from current collector, collecting particles of anode and cathode, and preparing new electrode material for Li-ion slurry battery, Li-ion liquid-flow battery or new Li-ion battery.
2. The waste lithium ion battery of claim 1 comprises lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium ion battery and the like as a positive electrode and a lithium ion battery with a carbon and lithium titanate system as a negative electrode.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the waste batteries are first overdischarged and the batteries are then notched in a glove box containing inert gas, and the electrolyte is discharged, the purpose of the former is to ensure the safety of the batteries, and the purpose of the latter is to remove dangerous components (LiPF 6) in the electrolyte, so as to avoid personal harm in subsequent operations.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the positive and negative electrodes are subjected to ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic apparatus containing solvent such as NMP or water, and the obtained positive and negative electrode particles are dried under vacuum at 60-120 ℃.
5. The recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the collected positive/negative electrode particulate matter is reprocessed into a positive/negative electrode slurry material for assembly into a lithium slurry or a lithium flow battery; the collected cathode particles can also be processed into cathode materials for assembling a new lithium ion battery.
6. The positive electrode slurry material according to claim 6, wherein collected positive electrode particulate matter (including one or a mixture of more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium manganese phosphate, lithium cobaltate, ternary materials and other lithium-containing metal oxides) is used as positive electrode active particles, and then a conductive agent and an electrolyte are added to prepare a slurry mixture, i.e., a positive electrode slurry material, and it is specifically noted that: if the anode material and the cathode material in the waste lithium ion battery cannot be well separated, the anode material and the cathode material which are disassembled can be simultaneously placed into an ultrasonic instrument containing NMP for ultrasonic extraction, the electrode particle substances which are recovered in the way are also prepared into the anode slurry material for use through the preparation method, the cathode material of the original battery serves as a conductive agent in the newly processed anode slurry material, and the conductive agent in the anode material of the original battery can still serve as the conductive agent of the anode material in the anode of the new battery, so that the conductive agent does not need to be additionally added.
7. The negative electrode slurry material according to claim 6, wherein the collected negative electrode particulate matter (including carbon materials such as graphite and lithium titanium oxide) is used as negative electrode active particles, and then a conductive agent and an electrolyte are added to prepare a slurry mixture, that is, the negative electrode slurry material.
8. The collected negative electrode particulate matter of claim 6 can be further processed into a negative electrode material, that is, the collected negative electrode particulate matter serves as negative electrode active particles, and then together with a binder and a conductive agent, the negative electrode active particles are prepared into a slurry mixture, and then the slurry mixture is prepared into the negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery through coating and rolling, wherein the negative electrode material comprises: the negative electrode particles for such processing applications are preferably recovered by ultrasonic treatment in a water-containing ultrasonic apparatus in order to remove lithium dendrites produced during overdischarge of the negative electrode.
9. The lithium ion battery negative electrode material prepared after recovery according to claim 6, wherein the quality of the negative electrode can be improved through a pretreatment process, and the two types of the negative electrode material are as follows:
1) and (3) high-temperature carbonization process: carbonizing the binder such as PVDF and CMC, and partial impurities, at 300-800 deg.C;
2) the supercritical extraction process comprises the following steps: the concrete operation of extracting the binder and part of impurities can be carried out according to the recovery equipment of the factory.
10. The conductive agent as claimed in claims 6, 7 and 8, which is one or more of carbon black, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber, metal particle, etc.
CN201910421896.3A 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization Pending CN111987380A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910421896.3A CN111987380A (en) 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910421896.3A CN111987380A (en) 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111987380A true CN111987380A (en) 2020-11-24

Family

ID=73435841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201910421896.3A Pending CN111987380A (en) 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111987380A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114243144A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-25 深圳市爱派思新能源科技有限公司 Method for recovering positive electrode material of lithium iron phosphate battery

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114243144A (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-03-25 深圳市爱派思新能源科技有限公司 Method for recovering positive electrode material of lithium iron phosphate battery

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103346365B (en) Method for recycling negative material from waste lithium ion battery
CN105428745B (en) A kind of innoxious comprehensive reutilization method of applying waste lithium ionic power battery
CN102751548B (en) Method for recovering and preparing lithium iron phosphate from waste lithium iron phosphate battery
CN111430831B (en) Method for recovering waste lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN104810566B (en) A kind of waste lithium iron phosphate electrokinetic cell green reclaim processing method
CN111270072B (en) Recycling method of waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material
CN110759341B (en) Method for recycling graphite material based on aluminum-graphite double-ion battery
CN102208706A (en) Recycling and regenerating treatment method for waste lithium iron phosphate battery positive electrode material
WO2023132486A1 (en) Eco-friendly recycling method for waste battery
CN112271349A (en) Method for recycling lithium ion positive electrode and recycled lithium ion positive electrode material
CN104183888A (en) Green method for recovery and disposal of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery
CN111088430A (en) Recovery processing method of waste slurry of lithium battery positive electrode
CN111180822B (en) Recycling method of nickel-cobalt-manganese waste ternary lithium battery positive electrode material
CN110526301A (en) The method that recasting is mended in a kind of pair of lithium battery anode failure cobalt acid lithium structure feedback
KR102689694B1 (en) Reuse method of active material of positive electrode scrap
CN112510281A (en) Method for recovering all components of waste lithium ion battery
JP2024528459A (en) Recycling and anode recovery in all-solid-state batteries (ASSB)
CN109309266A (en) A kind of method and regeneration positive electrode of recycling waste lithium ion cell anode material
CN109742476A (en) A kind of recoverying and utilizing method of waste lithium ion cell anode material
CN109659642B (en) Method for separating aluminum foil and positive active material in waste lithium ion battery positive plate
CN114447465A (en) Method and material for synergistically regenerating anode material and cathode material of lithium ion battery and application of material
CN117996255A (en) Pyrolysis treatment method for directly recycling waste lithium batteries
CN108565520A (en) A kind of recovery method of waste and old dynamic lithium battery
CN111987380A (en) Method for recycling waste lithium ion battery electrode material and reprocessing utilization
CN113200541A (en) Method for recycling graphite negative electrode of waste battery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination