CN111983002B - Real-time detection of plant root system Ca under low-temperature stress2+Streaming method - Google Patents
Real-time detection of plant root system Ca under low-temperature stress2+Streaming method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for detecting plant root system Ca under low temperature stress in real time2+A method of streaming. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: precooling the test solution to a low-temperature test temperature to obtain a precooled test solution; mixing plant root system with Ca2+Placing the sensor in a test container, and then adding the precooling test solution into the test container for detection; in particular, an instantaneous blank test is carried out before the detection to obtain a blank time, at which the Ca after said blank time is recorded2+Streaming data. The method can be used for treating Ca of various plant root systems under low-temperature stress2+The flow is detected in real time, the detection time is short, and the stability and the accuracy are high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-damage micrometering, in particular to a method for detecting plant root system Ca under low temperature stress in real time2+A method of streaming.
Background
When plants are subjected to various physical stimuli and various chemical substances, the process of intercellular transmission and intracellular transduction of relevant stimulus signals in plants is called signal transduction in plants. Ca when plants are subjected to abiotic stress2+As "second messengers", the goal of signal transduction is achieved by specific variations in concentration to activate downstream defense signals to affect their cellular biological functions. Studies have shown that almost all extracellular stimulus signals can cause plant cellsInternal free Ca2+The change in concentration, which is significantly different in time, frequency, amplitude and localization distribution, is said to be accurate plant cell Ca2+Flow rate testing techniques and scientific stress test treatment methods are particularly important.
Detection of plant root system Ca by non-damage micrometering technology2+Flow is a real-time in vivo test method that requires the roots of living plants to be placed in a solution (i.e., a test solution) and remain intact during testing. Taking low temperature stress as an example, Ca in the root system of a plant under transient low temperature stress2+The concentration will rise rapidly, and the concentration of Ca will rise rapidly2+One part is from intracellular calcium pool, and the other part is from root system to extracellular Ca2+Absorption of (2). Ca detection by non-invasive microassay2+Flow, it is the root system that absorbs Ca from the environment2+The rate of (c).
As shown in FIG. 1, the existing plants have root systems Ca under transient low temperature stress2+The flow detection method is that the plant root system is placed in a small culture dish (the diameter is about 35mm) containing the test solution, and a large culture dish (the diameter is about 90mm) is sleeved on the periphery of the small culture dish. And when the detection is carried out, an ice-water mixture is added into the gap between the large culture dish and the small culture dish so as to realize the purpose of gradually reducing the temperature of the test liquid in the small culture dish, thereby realizing the effect of generating low-temperature stress on the root system. However, the method has the defects that the temperature reduction time of the test solution is long, the instantaneous low-temperature treatment which meets scientific research requirements cannot be realized, and the like, especially the temperature reduction effect of the ice-water mixture cannot ensure the consistency of the temperature reduction curve, so that the root system Ca detected under test treatment cannot be consistent2+The flow rate is significantly different, resulting in Ca2+The stability and accuracy of the streaming data are poor.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting plant root system Ca under low temperature stress in real time2+The method has high stability and accuracy.
The inventor researches the existing method and finds that the existing method reduces the temperature of the test solution in a small culture dish through heat conduction; however, the heat conduction needs a long time, the temperature reduction curves of different repetitive tests cannot be controlled to be consistent, the temperature of the test solution cannot be instantaneously reduced to the target temperature, and the standard curves of the sensors at different temperatures can be changed, thereby causing the following problems:
1) in the process of reducing the temperature of the test solution from the initial temperature to the lowest (target) temperature, the temperature-time curves of all samples are inconsistent; during instantaneous low-temperature treatment, the proportion of ice water added into the ice water mixture in the interlayer cannot be accurately controlled, so that the conditions of inconsistent temperature-time curves and inconsistent minimum temperature of experiments at each time during temperature reduction and the like can be caused, and the conditions can be used for Ca2+The parallelism of the flow results has an effect, resulting in poor stability of the detection.
2) In the process of adopting ice-water mixture heat conduction to cool, stronger cold and hot convection exists in the test liquid, which is Ca convection2+The stability and accuracy of the streaming data are affected; ca2+The flow is a microscopic physical phenomenon, and the external vibration and the internal solution flow can be applied to Ca2+The stability and accuracy of flow data are influenced, and when the conventional method is used for detecting, cold and hot convection is inevitably generated in the cooling process of the test solution in a small culture dish, so that Ca is influenced2+Stability and accuracy of streaming data.
3) Continuous cooling process using ice-water mixture, Ca2+Blank signals of the sensor are interfered by more severe temperature changes; ca2+Flow detection is based on Ca2+The flow rate of the micro-sensor and the test liquid can be applied to Ca in the process of continuous temperature change2+The 'potential-concentration' standard curve of the flow rate microsensor makes a sound, thereby affecting Ca2+The calculation standard of the flow rate is serious, so that the data detected by the sensor is not comparable.
4) In scientific research, the optimal state of instantaneous low-temperature treatment is that after test treatment is started, a living sample can be instantaneously subjected to corresponding low-temperature treatment;
based on the discovery, the invention particularly provides a method for detecting plant root system C under low-temperature stress in real timea2+A method of streaming comprising the steps of:
precooling the test solution to a low-temperature test temperature to obtain a precooled test solution;
mixing plant root system with Ca2+The sensor is placed in a test vessel and the pre-cooled test solution is subsequently added to the test vessel for detection.
In the present invention, it is understood that the test solution refers to a test solution at normal temperature.
The method of the invention firstly pre-cools the test solution and directly adopts the pre-cooled test solution for detection, thereby instantly reducing the temperature of the test solution of the plant root system sample to the target temperature, avoiding the continuous cooling process and further overcoming the following problems:
1) the problem of inconsistent temperature-time curves in each experiment is solved;
2) ca without influence of cold and hot convection of test solution2+Stability and accuracy of streaming data;
3) can not generate 'potential-concentration' curve inconsistency, which leads to Ca2+A case where the data is inaccurate.
In particular, an instantaneous blank test is carried out before the detection to obtain a blank time, at which the Ca after said blank time is recorded2+Streaming data.
After the test solution in the test container is changed from the room-temperature test solution (control group) to the precooled test solution, the invention determines Ca due to the instant reduction of the temperature through the instant blank test2+The length of time that the "potential-concentration" effect of the sensor is such that during the course of a formal experiment, this time is skipped (i.e. not detected) to ensure that a true objective plant root system Ca is detected2+Streaming data.
Specifically, the transient blank test comprises:
s1: adding Ca2+The sensor is immersed in the test solution, and data are recorded;
s2: adding Ca2+The sensor is immersed in a precooling test solution containing a plant root system, and data are recorded until Ca2+The potential difference stops at +/-1 uVAnd timing and recording time.
The present invention does not strictly limit the time for recording the data in the above step S1, as long as the recording time is ensured to be Ca2+The potential data is stable; the time for recording the data may be 3-5min, for example 3 min.
In the above step S2, data is recorded in Ca2+The potential difference being + -1 uV means that data is recorded to Ca2+The potential difference is stabilized to +/-1 uV; in S2, the time required for data recording to stabilize is about 1 min.
In the invention, the instantaneous blank test can be repeated for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of recording times and average the recording times to obtain the blank time, so as to further improve the detection accuracy.
In the present invention, it is understood that the temperature of the pre-cooling test solution is a preset low temperature (i.e. a low temperature test temperature) of low temperature stress; the temperature of the pre-cooled test solution is not strictly limited and may be 0-4 ℃.
Further, the plant root system and Ca can be detected2+The sensors are located in the same field of view under the microscope; wherein, the plant root sample should be adjusted to be in a clear state and Ca as much as possible2+The tip of the sensor may not be fully clear.
The present invention is not limited to a test vessel, which may be, for example, a petri dish or other suitable vessel.
Further, the test container can be subjected to low-temperature heat preservation during detection; namely, the temperature of the precooled test solution is maintained at the low-temperature test temperature during detection as much as possible, so as to ensure the accuracy of the low-temperature stress test. The low temperature incubation is not critical and can be carried out by methods conventional in the art.
Specifically, at the time of detection, the test container (e.g., a small petri dish) may be placed in a low-temperature incubation container (e.g., a large petri dish), and a low-temperature incubation liquid may be added to a gap between the test container and the low-temperature incubation container, the low-temperature incubation liquid having a temperature of the low-temperature test temperature. For example, a small petri dish with a diameter of about 35mm may be used as the test vessel, and a large petri dish with a diameter of about 90mm may be used as the low-temperature incubation vessel of the test vessel; at the low-temperature test temperature of 0 ℃, an ice-water mixture can be added into the gap between the large and small culture dishes to be used as a low-temperature heat preservation solution.
The addition amount of the precooling test solution is not strictly limited, and the precooling test solution can be added to immerse a sample; the amount of pre-chilled test solution added may be 4-6mL, for example 4-6 mL.
The method is suitable for detecting the plant root system Ca under the low-temperature stress in real time2+A stream; the plant root system is not strictly limited, and the plant can be any conventional plant growing at normal temperature of 10-40 ℃, such as bamboo root, model plant Arabidopsis root, wheat root, etc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
1) the method directly adopts the precooling test solution for detection, so that the temperature of the test solution in which the plant root system sample is positioned can be instantly reduced to the target temperature, and the conditions of inconsistent minimum temperature, inconsistent temperature-time curve, inconsistent standard curve of the sensor and the like in each experiment caused by the continuous cooling process are avoided;
2) the method of the invention improves the consistency of the target low temperature in the low-temperature instantaneous treatment experiment process and the Ca of the sample in the group2+Parallelism of stream data and Ca2+The objective accuracy of the flow data, and the stability and accuracy during detection are high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional detection method;
FIG. 2 is a test chart of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the results of the test in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a test chart of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the results of the test in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the results of detection in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the results of the detection in comparative example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In this example, the Phyllostachys pubescens root tip sample is detected, and Phyllostachys pubescens root tip Ca is detected under low temperature stress2+The real-time detection method of the stream comprises the following steps:
first, prepare the precooling test liquid
Pre-cooling the test solution to 0 ℃ (namely the low-temperature test temperature) to obtain a pre-cooled test solution; and (5) standby.
Second, instantaneous blank experiment
1) Adding Ca2+The sensor is placed in a small culture dish without a bamboo root sample and added with room temperature test solution, 3 minutes of data (namely 'blank walking') is recorded, and the 'blank walking' is stopped when the data is stable.
2) Suck off the room temperature test solution in the petri dish, place the empty small petri dish back under the mirror, and add Ca2+The sensor was moved to a small petri dish to ensure that Ca was present later on after addition of the pre-cooled test solution2+The sensor can be immersed in a pre-cooled test liquid.
3) Then, a pre-cooled test solution at 4 ℃ is sucked and added into a small culture dish with bamboo roots, and Ca is prevented from being directly impacted when the test solution is placed2+The tip of the sensor is pressed and a timer is pressed to start timing.
4) Continue to "go blank" and record data, wait for Ca2+When the potential difference is stabilized within +/-1 uV, stopping 'blank walking' andand stopping timing and recording time.
5) The above steps are repeated three times, and the average value of the three recording times is taken, namely the blank time (recorded as t) is obtained.
Third, adjust the time-recorder
And adjusting the countdown time of the timer to the blank time t.
Fourth, sample loading detection
1) Ca before transient treatment2+After the flow control data detection is complete, the sample(s) is labeled.
2) Adding Ca2+The sensor is far away from the sample, the normal temperature test solution in the small culture dish is sucked off and discarded, and the small culture dish is placed in the large culture dish.
3) Placing the bamboo root without test solution in a small culture dish under a microscope, and mixing the bamboo root with Ca2+The sensor is adjusted to a visual field under the mirror, the bamboo root sample is adjusted to be clear as much as possible, Ca2+The sensor tip may not be fully clear.
4) 5mL of 0 ℃ pre-cooled test solution was aspirated and added to a small petri dish (avoiding direct impact on the sample) while counting down by pressing a timer.
5) During the countdown, Ca2+The sensor is positioned to the site to be measured (consistent with the position before the instantaneous treatment), and after the timer reaches the point, Ca begins to be recorded2+Streaming data.
The test chart is shown in FIG. 2, and the test result is shown in FIG. 3; as can be seen from FIG. 3, Ca was detected at the instantaneously low temperature of the root tip of Phyllostachys pubescens by the above-mentioned method2+The flow velocity detection accuracy is high. Ca of root tip of moso bamboo after being stressed by instantaneous low temperature2+The net flow rate is maximum and shows a strong absorption state, the absorption flow rate is continuously reduced along with the time lapse, and the 'second messenger' Ca of the root tip of the moso bamboo after being stimulated by low temperature can be objectively and accurately reflected2+The law of rheology; thus illustrating that: ca under low-temperature stress to moso bamboo root tips by adopting method2+The flow is detected, and Ca of the root tip of the moso bamboo under low-temperature stress can be quickly and accurately obtained2+A flow situation.
In addition, the above-mentioned method was repeated three times, and the results were obtainedShows that: group sample Ca of the above method2+The flow data has good parallelism, and the method has high stability and objective accuracy.
Example 2
This example tests Arabidopsis thaliana root samples of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana root Ca under low temperature stress2+The real-time detection method of the stream comprises the following steps:
first, prepare the precooling test liquid
Pre-cooling the test solution to 4 ℃ (namely the low-temperature test temperature) to obtain pre-cooled test solution; and (5) standby.
Second, instantaneous blank experiment
1) Adding Ca2+The sensor was placed in a petri dish without an arabidopsis root sample and with room temperature test solution added, and 3 minutes of data was recorded (i.e., "blank" run), and the "blank" run was stopped after the data stabilized.
2) Suck off the room temperature test solution in the petri dish, place the empty petri dish back under the mirror, and add Ca2+The sensor was moved to a petri dish to ensure that Ca was present later after addition of the pre-cooled test solution2+The sensor can be immersed in a pre-cooled test liquid.
3) Then, a pre-cooled test solution at 4 ℃ is sucked and added into a culture dish with arabidopsis thaliana roots, and direct Ca impact is avoided during placement2+The tip of the sensor is pressed and a timer is pressed to start timing.
4) Continue to "go blank" and record data, wait for Ca2+And (5) when the potential difference is stabilized within +/-1 uV, stopping blank walking, stopping timing and recording time.
5) The above steps are repeated three times, and the average value of the three recording times is taken, namely the blank time (recorded as t) is obtained.
Third, adjust the time-recorder
And adjusting the countdown time of the timer to the blank time t.
Fourth, sample loading detection
1) Ca before transient treatment2+After the flow control data detection is complete, the sample(s) is labeled.
2) Adding Ca2+The sensor is far away from the sample, and the sample is sucked off and discardedTemperature measuring solution, placing the Arabidopsis root in a culture dish without the measuring solution under a microscope, and mixing the Arabidopsis root with Ca2+The sensor is adjusted to a visual field under the mirror, the root sample of arabidopsis thaliana is adjusted to be clear as much as possible, Ca2+The sensor tip may not be fully clear.
3) 5mL of 4 ℃ pre-cooled test solution was aspirated and added to the petri dish (avoiding direct impact on the sample) while counting down by pressing a timer.
4) During the countdown, Ca2+The sensor is positioned to the site to be measured (consistent with the position before the instantaneous treatment), and after the timer reaches the point, Ca begins to be recorded2+Streaming data.
The test chart is shown in FIG. 4, and the test results are shown in FIG. 5. As can be seen from FIG. 5, Ca was detected at a transiently low temperature at the root tip of Arabidopsis thaliana detected by the above method2+The flow change law is similar to that of example 1, and shows that Ca is applied to Arabidopsis roots under low-temperature stress by adopting the method2+The flow is detected, and Ca of the arabidopsis root under low temperature stress can be quickly and accurately obtained2+A flow situation.
Comparative example 1
Mixing bamboo root and Ca by conventional method2+The sensor is placed in a small culture dish (the diameter is about 35mm) containing room temperature test solution, and a large culture dish (the diameter is about 90mm) is sleeved on the periphery of the small culture dish; ice-water mixture was added to the gap between the large and small petri dishes and Ca was recorded2+Flow data, see figure 6.
The results in FIG. 6 show that: under the low-temperature stress detected by the method in the prior art, the obtained root tip Ca of the moso bamboo is monitored2+The stability of the flow data is poor, and the accuracy is low.
Comparative example 2
Using the prior art method, Arabidopsis roots and Ca are added2+The sensor is placed in a small culture dish (the diameter is about 35mm) containing room temperature test solution, and a large culture dish (the diameter is about 90mm) is sleeved on the periphery of the small culture dish; ice-water mixture was added to the gap between the large and small petri dishes and Ca was recorded2+The flow data, results are shown in fig. 7.
The results in FIG. 7 show that: detection under prior art methodsRoot tip Ca of Arabidopsis thaliana under low temperature stress2+The flow rate monitoring data has poor stability and low accuracy.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Real-time detection of plant root system Ca under low-temperature stress2+A method of streaming, comprising the steps of:
precooling the test solution to a low-temperature test temperature to obtain a precooled test solution;
mixing plant root system with Ca2+The sensor is placed in a test vessel and the pre-cooled test solution is subsequently added to the test vessel for detection.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a transient blank test is performed before the detection to obtain a blank time, and that the Ca after the blank time is recorded at the detection2+Streaming data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transient blank test comprises:
adding Ca2+The sensor is immersed in the test solution, and data are recorded;
adding Ca2+The sensor is immersed in a precooling test solution containing a plant root system, and data are recorded until Ca2+When the potential difference is within + -1 μ V, the timing is stopped and the time is recorded.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the transient blank test is repeated a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of recording times and averaged to obtain a blank time.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-cooled test solution has a temperature of 0-4 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the test vessel is a petri dish.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the test vessel is cryogenically insulated at the time of testing.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the test container is placed in a low-temperature heat-preserving container at the time of detection, and a low-temperature heat-preserving fluid is added to a gap between the test container and the low-temperature heat-preserving container, and the temperature of the low-temperature heat-preserving fluid is the low-temperature test temperature.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-cooled test solution is added in an amount of 4-6 mL.
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