CN111982765A - Magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test method and test equipment - Google Patents
Magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test method and test equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantitative testing method and testing equipment for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid. The method comprises the following steps that a sensor measures the pressure applied to at least two test heads in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, and the pressure is used as at least two groups of test data; the data acquisition module acquires at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on the set data acquisition interval time and sends the at least two groups of test data to the processor; the processor determines the redispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth, so that the influence of factors such as friction force received by the connecting rod, gravity and buoyancy of the test head and the like on the test result in the test process is eliminated by using the difference value measured every two times, the redispersibility quantitative test of the magnetorheological fluid is completed by adopting a simple and practical mode, the test accuracy is improved, and the problems of difficulty in quantitative measurement of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid, complex measurement process and inaccurate test result in the related technology can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to an intelligent material technology, in particular to a quantitative testing method and a quantitative testing device for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid.
Background
Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is an intelligent material with rheological characteristics changed remarkably under the action of an external magnetic field, and is a suspension formed by dispersing micron-sized soft magnetic particles in mother liquor. Under the condition of no applied magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid has the characteristic of similar Newtonian fluid; under the condition of applying a magnetic field from the outside, magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid are orderly arranged in the base carrier fluid along the direction of magnetic lines of force to block the flow of the fluid, and the magnetorheological fluid has Herschel/Buckley fluid characteristics. The magnetorheological damper is prepared by combining the rheological property of the magnetorheological fluid with a machine and a control system, can be widely applied to vibration impact control of vehicles, airplanes, buildings and bridges, and can also be applied to the fields of vehicle clutches, brakes, material surface polishing and the like.
The magnetorheological fluid consists of magnetic particles and base fluid, belongs to a solid-liquid system, and is difficult to avoid aggregation and sedimentation of solid particles to form a solid sedimentation layer after the magnetorheological fluid is kept for a long time because the density of the magnetic particles is much higher than that of the base fluid. Therefore, the redispersibility of the sedimentation layer of the magnetorheological fluid after standing for a long time is an important index for investigating the performance of the magnetorheological fluid. How to accurately and quantitatively measure the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid becomes a technical problem to be solved.
The redispersibility measurement of the magnetorheological fluid in the related technology has the problems of difficult measurement, complex measurement process, inaccurate test result and the like. For example, one solution is to calculate the work W performed by the motor during the stirring time T and the kinetic energy E of the magnetorheological fluid with the mass m at the end of the stirringkBased on the formula (W-E)k) Perm calculation of redispersibility R of magnetorheological fluidd. However, in this method, the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is evaluated from the viewpoint of the macroscopic work of the magnetorheological fluid, and when the rotational speed of the magnetorheological fluid is consistent with the rotational speed of the stirring motor, the stirring is stopped, and the work load is calculated. By adopting the method, firstly, the judgment of whether the rotating speed of the magnetorheological fluid is consistent with that of the stirring motor is difficult, and secondly, even if the rotating speeds of the magnetorheological fluid and the stirring motor are consistent, the complete dispersion of the magnetorheological fluid on the microcosmic surface cannot be ensured. In addition, the method does not consider the damage to the initial state of the sedimentation layer in the process of placing the stirring head into the sedimentation layer and the work-doing dissipation in the stirring test process, so that the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is difficult to truly reflect, and the result accuracy is difficult to ensure. Or, in addition toOne scheme is to prepare a sample through the steps of centrifugation, liquid nitrogen freezing, slicing, peeling and the like, and the sample preparation process is relatively complicated. Because the sample preparation process has a large influence on the measurement result, the recovery from the liquid nitrogen freezing state to the testable state has a certain influence on the test result. Meanwhile, the testing technology needs to use an imported intelligent high-grade rheometer which is very expensive, so that the wide application of the testing method is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test method and test equipment, which can improve the measurement accuracy of a magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test result.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quantitatively testing redispersibility of a magnetorheological fluid, including:
the method comprises the steps that a sensor measures pressure applied to at least two test heads in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, the pressure is used as at least two groups of test data, connecting rods of the at least two test heads are the same, the volumes and the masses of probes of the at least two test heads are the same, the heights of the probes of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relation, and the test starting point is a position where the upper surfaces of the probes of the test heads are overlapped with the upper surface of a subsidence layer;
the data acquisition module acquires the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on set data acquisition interval time and sends the at least two groups of test data to the processor;
the processor determines a re-dispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a testing apparatus for quantitative redispersibility test of a magnetorheological fluid, where the testing apparatus includes:
the motion control mechanism is electrically connected with the processor and used for driving the at least two test heads to move at a constant speed along the vertical direction under the control of the processor, wherein the connecting rods of the at least two test heads are the same, the probe volumes and the probe masses of the at least two test heads are the same, and the probe heights of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relation;
the sensor is used for measuring the pressure applied to the at least two test heads at different test depths in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, and taking the pressure at different test depths as test data corresponding to the test depths, wherein the test starting point is the position where the upper surface of a probe of the test head is superposed with the upper surface of the settlement layer;
the data acquisition module is respectively electrically connected with the sensor and the processor and used for acquiring the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on set data acquisition interval time and sending the at least two groups of test data to the processor;
and the processor is used for determining the re-dispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
The embodiment of the invention provides a magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test method and test equipment, which can be used for solving the problems of difficulty in magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative measurement, complex measurement process and inaccurate test result in the related technology by acquiring test data of at least two test heads in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth and determining a magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test result based on the test data corresponding to different test depths, so that the influence of factors such as friction force received by a connecting rod in the test process, gravity and buoyancy of the test heads and the like on the test result is eliminated by using a difference value measured every two times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test head assembly of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis of a test head in the quantitative redispersibility test method of magnetorheological fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a force analysis of an active surface of a probe of a test head in the quantitative re-dispersibility testing method for magnetorheological fluid according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between failure pressure and test depth in a quantitative re-dispersivity test method for a magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of another quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of test head A and test head B during testing and the position of the probe in the subsidence layer during testing according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of a testing apparatus for quantitative redispersibility testing of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the index value of the pressure sensor and the test depth of the probe in the test process of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus for quantitative redispersibility testing of a magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In order to facilitate understanding of the concept of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention first illustrates the principle of quantitative measurement of redispersibility of a magnetorheological fluid.
The magnetorheological fluid consists of magnetic particles and base fluid, belongs to a solid-liquid system, and the solid particles in the magnetorheological fluid are aggregated and settled after standing for a long time to form a settlement layer. The redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid describes the difficulty degree of uniform redispersion of a sedimentation layer of the magnetorheological fluid, the smaller the hardening degree of the sedimentation layer is, the easier the sedimentation layer is broken, and the easier the magnetorheological fluid is redispersed; the larger the hardening degree of the settling layer is, the harder the settling layer is to be broken, and the harder the magnetorheological fluid is to be redispersed. Therefore, the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid can be measured by measuring the hardening degree of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer, and the hardening degree of the sedimentation layer can be reflected by measuring the breakdown pressure of the sedimentation layer, so that the measured breakdown pressure P, the maximum breakdown pressure Pm and the average breakdown pressure Pa of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer at different depths can be used for representing the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid.
It should be noted that, the test head includes connecting rod and probe, and the detachable connection between connecting rod and the sensor. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test head of a sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the test head of the sensor includes a connecting rod 03 and a probe 04. In the test process, along with the downward movement of the test head under pressure, in order to reduce the flow of the settlement layer around the connecting rod of the test head to the connecting rod direction of the test head and change the original state of the settlement layer, the diameter 2r of the connecting rod of the test head is requiredConnecting rodAnd probe diameter 2r of the test headProbe headAs close as possible.
For convenience of understanding, the embodiment of the present invention takes two test heads as an example to illustrate a calculation process of the fracture pressure corresponding to different test depths of a settlement layer. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a force analysis of a test head in the quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the test head comprises a connecting rod and a probe, and the stress of the test head has the following relationship: f + G ═ Fa+f+FFloating bodyIf F is equal to Fa+f+FFloating body-G. Wherein G represents the gravity of the test head itself, FFloating bodyShowing the buoyancy of the test head in the magnetorheological fluid, F showing the friction of the connecting rod of the test head in the descending process, FaThe resistance in the vertical direction when the probe of the test head breaks the settlement layer is shown, namely the sum of the pressure applied to the probe action surface of the test head and the component force in the vertical direction of the friction force. It should be noted that the weight of the test head itself includes the weight of the test head linkage and the probe head. The pressure F experienced by the test head, i.e. the index value of the pressure sensor.
When the test head A is used, the reading of the pressure sensor in the test process is as follows:
FA＝FaA+fA+Ffloat A-GA。
When the test head B is used, the reading of the pressure sensor in the test process is as follows:
FB＝FaB+fB+Ffloat B-GB。
Because the connecting rods of the test head A and the test head B are the same, and the volume and the mass of the probes of the test head A and the test head B are the same, namely the connecting rods of the two test heads are the same, the volume and the mass of the probes of the two test heads are the same, and the vertical descending speed is the same during the test, G exists at the same test depthA＝GB，FFloat A＝FFloat BAnd fA＝fBA relationship of (1), so FA-FB＝FaA-FaB。
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention can utilize the test head A and the test head B to carry out two times of measurement, and the difference value of the two times of measurement can eliminate the influence of factors such as the friction force of a connecting rod of the test head, the gravity and the buoyancy of the test head and the like on the test result in the test process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a force analysis of an action surface of a probe of a test head in the quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, rProbe headIs the probe radius of the test head; h isProbe headIs the probe height of the test head; lProbe headThe length of the probe conical surface bus is shown; alpha is the included angle between the generatrix of the conical surface of the probe and the bottom surface.
As can be seen from the pressure and friction experienced by the probe active face of the test head during the test procedure shown in FIG. 3, FaThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fa＝FNcosα+Ffsinα＝FNcosα+μFNsinα。
wherein, FNThe conical surface of the probe is subjected to the pressure of a magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer in the vertical direction, FfThe friction force of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer on the conical surface of the probe is shown, mu is the friction coefficient between the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer and the surface of the probe, and alpha is the included angle between the bottom surface of the probe and the conical surface.
Since α is small (less than 10 °), μ is also small (as is evident from the prior art documents)Knowing that the friction coefficient of the magnetorheological fluid and the GCr15 standard steel ball is less than 0.3, the probe of the testing head adopts the same material and surface treatment process as the GCr15 standard steel ball), so that F can be ignoredfPerpendicular component of (1), Fa ≈ FNcosα。
From FN＝PS，S＝πrProbe headlProbe head，
Can obtain FN＝PS＝πPrProbe headlProbe headThen, then
Therefore, based on the above relational expression, when the test head A is used, FaA＝πPrA 2When using the test head B, FaB＝πPrB 2. Substituting into formula FA-FB＝FaA-FaBObtaining FA-FB＝FaA-FaB＝πP(rA 2-rB 2) Then, the failure pressure calculation formula of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer is as follows:
wherein P is the failure pressure of the magneto-rheological fluid sedimentation layer, rAFor the probe base radius of test head A, rBFor measuring the radius of the probe base of head B, FAAnd FBRespectively, the readings of the pressure sensors of the test head A and the test head B at the same test depth.
Assuming that the probe of the test head is a cone, the volume calculation formula of the cone probe is as follows:
wherein r isProbe headRadius of the bottom surface of the probe, hProbe headIs the probe height.
The volume of the probe of the test head A is the same as that of the probe of the test head B, so that the probe can be obtained
Then r existsA 2hA＝rB 2hB。
Is provided with hA＝khB，rB＝nhBThen, then
Will r isA、hAAnd rBSubstituting into the calculation formula of the damage pressure of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer to obtain:
wherein k is a first proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportionality between the probe height of the first test head and the probe height of the second test head, and k is [0.80, 0.95 ]]；FAThe first test data; fBSecond test data; n is a second proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportional relation between the radius of the bottom surface of the probe of the second test head and the height of the probe, and n is equal to [6, 10 ]]；hBIndicating the probe height of the second test head.
In the embodiment of the invention, the damage pressure P of the magnetorheological fluid sediment layer at a certain test depth measured by the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is the average pressure suffered by the conical surface of the probe at the time, so the height h of the probe is requiredProbe headSmall value, probe height hProbe headThe preferred value range is 0.5mm to 1.2 mm. In order to reduce the influence of the height difference of the probe between the test head A and the test head B on the test result, the preferred value range of k is 0.80-0.95. The preferable value of n is 6-10. At the moment, the included angle alpha between the bottom surface and the side surface of the probe A of the test headAThe value range is 4.0928-8.7728 degrees, and the included angle alpha between the bottom surface and the side surface of the probe B of the test headBThe value range is 5.7106-9.4623 degrees. At the same time, in order to reduce the test head in the test processThe change of the original state of the settlement layer caused by the settlement layer around the connecting rod flowing towards the connecting rod direction, and the diameter 2r of the connecting rod of the test headConnecting rodAnd probe diameter 2r of the test headProbe headShould be as close as possible.
Before starting the test, the following test preparation work is required:
1) pouring the magnetorheological fluid into a transparent container, standing and settling for a period of time to form a clear solid-liquid interface;
2) measuring the height of a settled layer of the magnetorheological fluid after settlement;
3) setting the detection depth of a probe of the test head, namely the set depth in the previous text;
4) setting the uniform descending speed of the test head and the data acquisition interval time of the acquisition module;
5) and inserting the probe of the test head into the settlement layer to enable the upper surface of the probe of the test head to be lowered to the upper surface of the settlement layer, namely the probe of the test head is just completely immersed into the settlement layer.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the method includes:
and step 110, measuring the pressure applied to the at least two test heads in the process of descending from the test starting point to the set depth by the sensor, and taking the pressure as at least two groups of test data.
The test head comprises a connecting rod and a probe, wherein the connecting rod of the test head is detachably connected with the sensor, and the test head can be replaced by a mode of detaching the connecting rod of the test head. Alternatively, the linkage of the test head and the probe may be removably attached, and the test head may be replaced by removing the probe.
The mode of replacing the test head is adopted, the pressure on the surface of the probe can be detected by using the same sensor, and the measurement error caused by using different sensors is avoided. When 2 test heads are used, when the first test head is installed on the pressure sensor, the first test head senses the acting force of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer on the surface of the probe and reports the acting force to the pressure sensor. When the second testing head is arranged on the pressure sensor, the second testing head senses the acting force of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer on the surface of the probe and reports the acting force to the pressure sensor. It should be noted that, in the testing process, the distance between the first testing head and the second testing head is L, and in order to reduce the influence of the previous test on the result of the next test, the preferred value of L is greater than 50 mm.
When the number of the test heads is more than 2, any two test heads can be used as a group, and the test is performed in the same manner as the test performed by the 2 test heads, which is not described herein again. And then, integrating the magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test results corresponding to the test data of each 2 test heads to obtain the final magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test result. It should be noted that the final collapse pressure of the subsidence layer can be obtained by calculating an average value of the collapse pressures of a plurality of subsidence layers. Then, the maximum breaking pressure of the sedimentary layer is determined from the average value of the breaking pressures of the sedimentary layers. Or calculating the average breaking pressure of the sedimentation layer according to the average value of the breaking pressure of the sedimentation layer.
It should be noted that, since the measured destructive pressure P of the magnetorheological fluid sediment layer at a certain test depth is the average pressure applied to the conical surface of the probe, the height h of the probe isProbe headThe value is small, and the height difference of the probes of the two testing heads used in the testing process is required to be as small as possible; the destructive pressure intensity of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer at the same depth has the isotropic characteristic, so that the destructive pressure intensities P of the sedimentation layer at the same depth and in all directions are the same, and the destructive pressure intensity of the sedimentation layer at any direction at the same depth can be obtained only by measuring the destructive pressure intensity perpendicular to the conical surface direction of the probe.
In the embodiment of the invention, the volume and the mass of the probes of at least two test heads are the same, the heights of the probes of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relation, and the test starting point is the position where the upper surfaces of the probes of the test heads are overlapped with the upper surface of the settlement layer.
Illustratively, the processor obtains a set depth and a probe descending speed, and controls the motion control mechanism to drive the at least two test heads to respectively perform uniform motion along the vertical direction according to the set depth and the probe descending speed. For example, when the test head A is used, the processor controls the motion control mechanism to drive the test head A to move uniformly along the vertical direction from the test starting point to the set depth according to the preset descending speed of the probe. And the test head B is adopted to replace the test head A, and the test head A is only dismounted and is not required to be taken out of the settlement layer. The connecting rods of the test head A and the test head B are the same, and the difference is a probe. When the test head B is used, the processor controls the motion control mechanism to drive the test head B to move at a constant speed from the test starting point to the set depth along the vertical direction according to the preset descending speed of the probe. And in the process that the at least two testing heads descend to the set depth from the testing starting points, the sensors measure the resistance in the vertical direction when the probes of the testing heads damage the settlement layer, and at least two groups of testing data are obtained.
And step 120, the data acquisition module acquires the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on the set data acquisition interval time, and sends the at least two groups of test data to the processor.
The data acquisition module is arranged between the sensor and the processor and used for acquiring test data from the sensor and sending the test data to the processor based on set data acquisition interval time.
And step 130, the processor determines a re-dispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
It should be noted that the test data is related to the probe identification and the test depth, and after the data acquisition module sends the test data to the processor, the processor adds the probe identification and the test depth information to the test data according to the currently used test head and the data point acquisition time sequence.
Illustratively, the processor obtains a data collection interval set by a user and sends the data collection interval to the data collection module to instruct the data collection module to obtain test data from the sensor based on the data collection interval. For example, the magnetorheological fluid is poured into a transparent container, left standing at room temperature for 6 months, and the height H of the settled layer of the magnetorheological fluid is measured0Setting the final testing depth H of the testing head to be 115mm and the constant vertical descending speed v of the testing head to be 120mmThe data point collection interval time delta t is 1s, the distance delta h of the downward movement of the test head in the delta t time is 1mm, and the number m of the points is 115. Since the data point collection interval is 1s, the data collection module performs a first data collection operation at the beginning of the first second, performs a second data collection operation at the beginning of the second, … …, and performs an nth data collection operation at the beginning of the nth second.
It should be noted that, because the distance Δ h that the test head moves down within the time Δ t is equal to 1mm, the test head moves down by 1mm in each second, and therefore, how much the test head moves down can be determined according to the sampling times, that is, the test depth can be determined according to the data point acquisition timing sequence.
In this embodiment, the results of the quantitative redispersibility test of the magnetorheological fluid include the breakdown pressure of the settling layer, the maximum breakdown pressure of the settling layer, and the average breakdown pressure of the settling layer. It should be noted that the result of the quantitative redispersibility test of the magnetorheological fluid is not limited to the destructive pressure, but may also be other calculable results in the test process, such as the work done in the test process, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited in particular.
And a calculation formula of the destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer is built in the processor, the destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer with different test depths is calculated according to the calculation formula and test data obtained by two tests corresponding to different test depths, and a curve graph of the relation between the destructive pressure and the test depths is drawn. Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a failure pressure and a test depth in a quantitative re-dispersibility testing method for a magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum collapse pressure of the sedimentary layer is PmThis value generally occurs at the maximum depth of the sedimentary layer; p (h) is the destruction pressure at the probe test depth h. The average breaking pressure of the sedimentation layer is the ratio of the integral operation result of the breaking pressure to the test depth to the set depth, and can be calculated by the following formula.
Wherein, PaThe average failure pressure of the settlement layer is P (H), the failure pressure of the settlement layer when the test depth is H, and H is the final test depth (namely the set depth) of the probe; piThe damage pressure of a sedimentation layer during the ith point taking in the test process is shown, m is the final point taking times in the test process, and delta h is the distance of downward movement of the test head within delta t time.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the testing data of the at least two testing heads in the process of descending from the testing starting point to the set depth is collected, the testing result of the redispersibility quantitative testing of the magnetorheological fluid is determined based on the testing data corresponding to different testing depths, the influence of factors such as friction force received by a connecting rod in the testing process, gravity and buoyancy of the testing heads and the like on the testing result is eliminated by utilizing the difference value of every two times of measurement, the redispersibility quantitative testing of the magnetorheological fluid is completed by adopting a simple and practical mode, the testing accuracy is improved, and the problems of difficulty in quantitative measurement of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid, complex measuring process and inaccurate testing result in the related technology can be solved.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of another quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the method includes:
For example, the magnetorheological fluid is poured into a transparent container with scales, the depth of the transparent container is about 200mm, the height of the poured magnetorheological fluid is 150mm, the container is kept stand for 6 months at room temperature, and the height of a settlement layer is measured to be H0。
For example, setting the final test depth H of the test head, H being less than H0And H is0>H+hProbe head. And setting the uniform vertical descending speed v of the test head, wherein the preferred value range of v is 0.5-2 mm/s. Setting the data point acquisition interval time delta t in the test process, wherein the preferred value range of the delta t is 0.5-2 s. Processor fetchThe detection depth, the uniform descending speed of the test head and the data acquisition interval time of the acquisition module are set by the tester.
And step 204, controlling the motion control mechanism to drive the first test head to move at a constant speed in the vertical direction by the processor according to the detection depth and the descending speed of the probe.
And step 206, when the second testing head is installed on the sensor, inserting the second testing head into the subsidence layer, and enabling the upper surface of the probe of the testing head to be lowered to the upper surface of the subsidence layer, namely the probe of the second testing head is just completely immersed into the subsidence layer.
For example, firstly, a test head A is installed, a probe of the test head A is lowered to a settlement layer, the probe of the test head A is just completely immersed into the settlement layer, and test equipment is started to perform testing; and after the test is finished, replacing the test head B, lowering the probe of the test head B to the sedimentation layer, just completely immersing the probe of the test head B into the sedimentation layer, and starting the test equipment again for testing.
In order to reduce the change of the initial state of the sedimentation layer caused by taking out the test head A from the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer after the test is finished, when the test head is replaced, the test head A only needs to be detached and does not need to be taken out from the sedimentation layer.
It should be noted that, in the testing process, the spacing distance between the testing head a and the testing head B is L, and in order to reduce the influence of the previous test on the result of the next test, the preferred value of L is greater than 50 mm. The test head A is a test head with a slightly larger radius of the bottom surface of the probe, the test head B is a test head with a slightly smaller radius of the bottom surface of the probe, the volume and the mass of the probe of the test head A and the probe of the test head B are the same, and the radius r of the bottom surface of the probe isProbe headFar greater than the probeHeight h of headProbe head. The pressure sensor and the probe position indication are cleared before the test equipment starts to test. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of test head A and test head B during the testing process and the position of the probe in the subsidence layer during the testing process. As shown in fig. 7, the distance between the test points of the test head a and the test head B is L, and the height of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer is H0The test depth of the test head in the sedimentation layer in the test process is H, the final test depth is H, the test starting position of the probe of the test head is S, and the test ending position of the probe of the test head is E. Both test head a and test head B are shown in fig. 7 to indicate the distance between the test points between them. In practice, to avoid the error introduced by using two sensors for measurement, only one sensor can be used, and two measurements can be realized by replacing the test head.
And step 207, measuring the pressure applied to the second test head at different test depths in the process of descending the second test head from the test starting point to the set depth by the sensor, and taking the pressure at different test depths as second test data of corresponding test depths.
And step 208, determining a redispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid by the processor based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
It should be noted that the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is to describe the difficulty of uniform redispersion of the magnetorheological fluid settling layer, that is, to describe the hardening degree of the magnetorheological fluid settling layer, and the hardening degree of the settling layer can be reflected by measuring the breakdown pressure of the settling layer.
Specifically, the processor calculates the damage pressure of the settlement layer corresponding to different test depths based on the height of the probe and first test data and second test data corresponding to the test depths.
Illustratively, the processor calculates the subsidence failure pressure for different test depths using the following formula based on the probe height and the first and second test data corresponding to the test depth:
wherein k is a first proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportionality between the probe height of the first test head and the probe height of the second test head, and k is [0.80, 0.95 ]]；FAThe first test data; fBSecond test data; n is a second proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportional relation between the radius of the bottom surface of the probe of the second test head and the height of the probe, and n is equal to [6, 10 ]]；hBIndicating the probe height of the second test head.
Specifically, the processor compares the destructive pressure intensities of the sedimentation layers corresponding to different test depths to obtain the maximum destructive pressure intensity of the sedimentation layer.
Specifically, the processor calculates the average destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer according to the destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer corresponding to different test depths, the downward moving distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time and the set depth.
Illustratively, the processor calculates the average breaking pressure of the subsidence layer according to the breaking pressures of the subsidence layer corresponding to different test depths, the downward shifting distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time and the set depth by adopting the following formula:
wherein, PaThe average breaking pressure of the settlement layer is H, and the set depth is H; piThe damage pressure of the sedimentation layer during the ith point taking in the test process is shown, m is the final point taking times in the test process, and delta h is the downward moving distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time.
The following quantitative test of redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid is taken as an example to specifically illustrate the test process.
Pouring the magnetorheological fluid into a transparent container, standing for 6 months at room temperature, and measuring the height H of a sediment layer of the magnetorheological fluid0Setting the final test depth H of the probe to be 115mm, setting the constant vertical descending speed v of the test head to be 1mm/s, setting the data point acquisition interval time delta t to be 1s, setting the distance delta H of the test head moving downwards in the delta t time to be 1mm, and setting the point number m to be 115.
Probe height h of test head B (which may also be referred to as test head probe height)BWhen k and n each take the value k 0.9 and n 9, respectively, the probe radius r of the test head B (which may also be referred to as the test head probe radius) is 1mmBHeight h of probe A of 9mmA0.9mm, radius of the probe rA9.4868mm, in this case αA＝5.4193°，αB6.3402. Connecting rod radius r of test headConnecting rodTest head a and test head B test point spacing L of 8.8mm is 70 mm.
The failure pressure calculation formula of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer can be obtained as follows:
average failure pressure P of sedimentary layer by magnetorheological fluidaThe calculation formula can be obtained:
in the test procedure FAAnd FBThe reading unit of the magnetorheological fluid is Newton (N), and only F with different testing depths of a magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer is collected in the testing processAAnd FBThen the damage pressure P of the sedimentation layer and the average damage pressure P of the sedimentation layer of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer with different testing depths can be calculateda。
The embodiment of the invention carries out accurate quantitative analysis on the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid by measuring the destructive pressure P, the maximum destructive pressure Pm and the average destructive pressure Pa at different depths of the sedimentation layer, thereby solving the problems of difficult quantitative measurement, complex measurement process and inaccurate test result of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid in the prior art.
Fig. 8 is a block diagram of a testing apparatus for quantitative redispersibility testing of magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the test apparatus includes: a motion control mechanism 410, a sensor 420, a data acquisition module 430, and a processor 440.
The motion control mechanism 410 is electrically connected with the processor 440 and is used for driving the at least two test heads to perform uniform motion along the vertical direction under the control of the processor 440, wherein the connecting rods of the at least two test heads are the same, the probe volumes and the probe masses of the at least two test heads are the same, and the probe heights of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relationship;
the sensor 420 is used for measuring the pressure applied to the at least two test heads at different test depths in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, and taking the pressure at different test depths as test data of corresponding test depths, wherein the test starting point is the position where the upper surface of a probe of the test head is overlapped with the upper surface of the settlement layer;
the data acquisition module 430 is electrically connected with the sensor 420 and the processor 440, and is configured to acquire the at least two sets of test data from the sensor based on a set data acquisition interval time, and send the at least two sets of test data to the processor;
and the processor 440 is configured to determine a quantitative redispersibility test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on the at least two test data corresponding to the respective test depths.
In an exemplary embodiment, the test head of the sensor includes a link and a probe, the link of the test head is detachably connected with the probe, and the link of the test head is also detachably connected with the sensor. And after the second testing head is adopted to replace the first testing head, maintaining the state of the first testing head in the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer unchanged.
Optionally, the test head comprises any combination of links and probes of the following shapes:
a cylindrical or prismatic connecting rod;
and a cone probe, a prism probe, a cylinder probe, a cone probe, a pyramid probe, a tetrahedron probe, a pentahedron probe, or a hexahedron probe.
Optionally, when the number of the test heads is two, a ratio between the probe height of the first test head and the probe height of the second test head ranges from 0.80 to 0.95; the ratio of the radius of the bottom surface of the probe of the second test head to the height of the probe ranges from 6 to 10, and the height of the probe ranges from 0.5mm to 1.2 mm.
Alternatively, the sensor can be a pressure sensor, and the acquisition module is in communication connection with the pressure sensor and acquires test data in the pressure sensor. The test data collected are indications F (h) of the pressure sensors at different test depths h. In addition, the acquisition module is in communication connection with the processor, transmits the acquired test data to the processor, and analyzes and calculates the test data by a computer program pre-configured in the processor to obtain the destructive pressure P and the maximum destructive pressure P of different depths of the settlement layermAnd an average failure pressure Pa. It should be noted that, when executed, a computer program pre-configured in the processor implements the quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid according to any embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a graph of the relationship between the pressure sensor index and the probe test depth during the test of the present invention. F (h)AAnd F (h)BWhen the test head A and the test head B are at the same test depth h, the pressure sensor shows values. The pressure sensor index values are plotted against probe test depth as shown in figure 9.
Specifically, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus for quantitative redispersibility testing of a magnetorheological fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the magnetorheological fluid redispersibility measurement apparatus includes a motion control apparatus 01, a pressure sensor 02, a connecting rod 03 of a test head, a probe 04 of the test head, a transparent container 05 for containing magnetorheological fluid 06, and a data acquisition module 07 connected between the pressure sensor 02 and a computer 08. The computer 08 comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computing software, and when the computing software is executed by the processor, the quantitative testing method for the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is realized according to any embodiment of the invention.
When the device is used for measuring the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid, the starting test position of the probe 04 is adjusted through the motion control device 01 before the test is started, the motion control device 01 drives the probe 04 to vertically move downwards at a constant speed in a straight line when the test is started, and the test is finished when the test depth reaches H. In the testing process, the pressure sensor 02 records the magnitude F of the indicating value of the pressure sensor in the testing process, the acquisition module 07 acquires data in the testing process according to a set time interval, and the calculation software 08 edited in advance in the computer analyzes and calculates the acquired data to obtain the destructive pressure P and the maximum destructive pressure P of the settlement layer at different testing depthsmAnd an average failure pressure Pa。
The embodiment provides a test device for quantitative testing of redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid, which is characterized in that test data of at least two test heads in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth are collected, and a quantitative test result of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is determined based on the test data corresponding to different test depths, so that the influence of factors such as friction force received by a connecting rod in the test process, gravity and buoyancy of the test head and the like on the test result is eliminated by using a difference value measured every two times, the quantitative test of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid is completed by adopting a simple and practical mode, the test accuracy is improved, and the problems of difficulty in quantitative measurement of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid, complex measurement process and inaccurate test result in the related technology can.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the test result of the invention is characterized comprehensively. The test result is the destructive pressure at different depths, and the redispersibility conditions of the sedimentation layers at different depths can be characterized instead of providing only one general macroscopic value. Particularly, the redispersibility of the bottom magnetorheological fluid with the largest redispersion difficulty can be represented, which is very significant to engineering;
2. the invention has high precision of test result. In the testing process, the testing head is subjected to various forces such as friction, buoyancy and the like, and the values are difficult to measure, but the invention skillfully uses the difference value of two tests to eliminate the factors such as the friction, the buoyancy, the gravity and the like, thereby improving the calculation precision of the damage pressure of the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer;
3. the device has simple structure, easy operation and maintenance and easy popularization. In the measuring process, manual participation is needed only when the initial position of the probe of the testing head is debugged before the test is started, other testing processes are completed by testing equipment and pre-edited computing software, and the method is very easy to popularize.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, which when executed by a computer processor, are configured to perform a quantitative magnetorheological fluid redispersibility test method, the method comprising:
acquiring first test data and second test data which are sent by a data acquisition module and correspond to the test depth;
calculating the damage pressure of the settlement layer corresponding to different test depths based on the height of the probe and first test data and second test data corresponding to the test depths;
comparing the damage pressures of the sedimentation layers corresponding to different test depths to obtain the maximum damage pressure of the sedimentation layer;
and calculating the average damage pressure of the sedimentation layer according to the damage pressures of the sedimentation layer corresponding to different test depths, the downward moving distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time and the set depth.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software and necessary general hardware, and certainly, can also be implemented by hardware, but the former is a better embodiment in many cases. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a FLASH Memory (FLASH), a hard disk or an optical disk of a computer, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A quantitative testing method for redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a sensor measures pressure applied to at least two test heads in the process of descending to a set depth from a test starting point, the pressure is used as at least two groups of test data, connecting rods of the at least two test heads are the same, the volumes and the masses of probes of the at least two test heads are the same, the heights of the probes of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relation, and the test starting point is a position where the upper surfaces of the probes of the test heads are overlapped with the upper surface of a subsidence layer;
the data acquisition module acquires the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on set data acquisition interval time and sends the at least two groups of test data to the processor;
the processor determines a re-dispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, before the sensor measures the pressure experienced by the at least two test heads as they descend from the start of the test to the set depth:
the processor obtains a set depth and a descending speed of the test head, and controls the motion control mechanism to drive the at least two test heads to move at a constant speed in the vertical direction according to the set depth and the descending speed of the test head.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising, before the data acquisition module acquires the at least two sets of test data from the sensor based on a set data acquisition interval time:
the processor acquires data acquisition interval time set by a user and sends the data acquisition interval time to the data acquisition module so as to instruct the data acquisition module to acquire the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on the data acquisition interval time.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein when the number of the test heads is two, the sensor measures a pressure to which at least two test heads are subjected during a descent from a test start point to a set depth, and the pressure is taken as at least two sets of test data, including:
the method comprises the following steps that a sensor measures pressure applied to a first test head at different test depths in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, and the pressure at the different test depths is used as first test data corresponding to the test depths;
and after the second test head replaces the first test head, the sensor measures the pressure applied to the second test head at different test depths in the process of descending from the test starting point to the set depth, and the pressure at different test depths is used as second test data corresponding to the test depths.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the magnetorheological fluid redispersibility quantitative test results comprise a sediment layer failure pressure, a sediment layer maximum failure pressure, and a sediment layer average failure pressure;
and the processor determines a quantitative test result of the redispersibility of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth, and the quantitative test result comprises the following steps:
the processor calculates the damage pressure of the sedimentation layer corresponding to different test depths based on the height of the probe and first test data and second test data corresponding to the test depths;
the processor compares the destructive pressure intensities of the sedimentation layers corresponding to different test depths to obtain the maximum destructive pressure intensity of the sedimentation layer;
and the processor calculates the average destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer according to the destructive pressure of the sedimentation layer corresponding to different testing depths, the downward moving distance of the testing head in the data sampling interval time and the set depth.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the processor calculates the subsidence damage pressure for different test depths using the following formula based on the probe height and the first and second test data corresponding to the test depth:
wherein k is a first proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportionality between the probe height of the first test head and the probe height of the second test head, and k is [0.80, 0.95 ]]；FAThe first test data; fBSecond test data; n is a second proportionality coefficient for expressing the proportional relation between the radius of the bottom surface of the probe of the second test head and the height of the probe, and n is equal to [6, 10 ]]；hBIndicating the probe height of the second test head.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the processor calculates the average fracture pressure of the subsidence layer according to the fracture pressures of the subsidence layer corresponding to different test depths, the downward shifting distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time and the set depth by using the following formula:
wherein, PaThe average breaking pressure of the settlement layer is H, and the set depth is H; piThe damage pressure of the sedimentation layer during the ith point taking in the test process is shown, m is the final point taking times in the test process, and delta h is the downward moving distance of the test head in the data sampling interval time.
8. A testing device for quantitative testing of redispersibility of magnetorheological fluid is characterized by comprising:
the motion control mechanism is electrically connected with the processor and used for driving the at least two test heads to move at a constant speed along the vertical direction under the control of the processor, wherein the connecting rods of the at least two test heads are the same, the probe volumes and the probe masses of the at least two test heads are the same, and the probe heights of the at least two test heads meet a set proportional relation;
the sensor is used for measuring the pressure applied to the at least two test heads at different test depths in the process of descending from a test starting point to a set depth, and taking the pressure at different test depths as test data corresponding to the test depths, wherein the test starting point is the position where the upper surface of a probe of the test head is superposed with the upper surface of a settlement layer;
the data acquisition module is respectively electrically connected with the sensor and the processor and used for acquiring the at least two groups of test data from the sensor based on set data acquisition interval time and sending the at least two groups of test data to the processor;
and the processor is used for determining the re-dispersibility quantitative test result of the magnetorheological fluid based on at least two test data corresponding to each test depth.
9. The test apparatus of claim 8, comprising:
the test head of the sensor comprises a connecting rod and a probe, and the connecting rod is detachably connected with the sensor;
after the second testing head is adopted to replace the first testing head, maintaining the state of the first testing head in the magnetorheological fluid sedimentation layer unchanged;
wherein the test head comprises any combination of a connecting rod and a probe in the following shapes:
a cylindrical or prismatic connecting rod;
and a cone probe, a prism probe, a cylinder probe, a cone probe, a pyramid probe, a tetrahedron probe, a pentahedron probe, or a hexahedron probe.
10. The test apparatus of claim 8, comprising:
when the number of the test heads is two, the value range of the ratio of the height of the probe of the first test head to the height of the probe of the second test head is 0.80 to 0.95; the ratio of the radius of the bottom surface of the probe of the second test head to the height of the probe ranges from 6 to 10, and the height of the probe ranges from 0.5mm to 1.2 mm.
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Effective date of registration: 20230803 Address after: Room 416, Pioneer Building, No.1 Changjiang Road, Jiaozhou economic and Technological Development Zone, Qingdao, Shandong 266300 Patentee after: Coma intelligent suspension technology (Qingdao) Co.,Ltd. Address before: Kema Company, No. 97 Chang'an Road, Wujiang District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215200 Patentee before: KEMA SMART SUSPENSION TECHNOLOGY (SUZHOU) Co.,Ltd. |