CN111981449A - Waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes - Google Patents
Waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN111981449A CN111981449A CN202010768082.XA CN202010768082A CN111981449A CN 111981449 A CN111981449 A CN 111981449A CN 202010768082 A CN202010768082 A CN 202010768082A CN 111981449 A CN111981449 A CN 111981449A
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- water
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- heat boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/025—Devices and methods for diminishing corrosion, e.g. by preventing cooling beneath the dew point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
- F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes, which comprises: the furnace body comprises a first temperature area and a second temperature area, and the temperature of the first temperature area is higher than that of the second temperature area; the furnace body is internally provided with a plurality of water-cooled walls, wherein one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the first temperature area, and one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the second temperature area; the water-cooled wall is composed of pipelines and a connecting mechanism between the pipelines, and a fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the first temperature area. According to the waste heat boiler for incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes, the fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the high-temperature area of the waste heat boiler, so that the corrosion of alkaline salts in smoke generated by incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes on the water-cooled wall is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a waste heat boiler for incinerating high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous waste.
Background
Hazardous waste is corrosive and infectious, and harmful substances contained in the hazardous waste can damage the ecological environment such as air, soil, water source and the like. With the development of science and technology, methods for treating hazardous wastes are increasing, including physical treatment, solidification treatment, incineration treatment, landfill treatment and the like, but no matter what treatment method is adopted, the principle of 'reduction, harmlessness and reclamation' is always adhered to in the treatment process.
At present, incineration is the most common hazardous waste treatment method in China. With the rapid development of national economy, the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous waste is increased, and in the incineration process of the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous waste, alkaline salt (such as NaCl and KCl) is partially vaporized and deposited on a water wall in a waste heat boiler according to the steam pressure at high temperature, so that the water wall is corroded. Particularly, when the chlorine content of the hazardous waste is more than 5%, the corrosion degree of the water-cooled wall is rapidly increased, and the higher the temperature of the wall of the water-cooled wall is, the more serious the corrosion is.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new waste heat boiler for incineration of high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In this summary, concepts in a simplified form are introduced that are further described in the detailed description. This summary of the invention is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
The invention provides a waste heat boiler for incinerating high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes, which comprises:
the furnace body comprises a first temperature area and a second temperature area, and the temperature of the first temperature area is higher than that of the second temperature area;
the furnace body is internally provided with a plurality of water-cooled walls, wherein one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the first temperature area, and one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the second temperature area;
the water-cooled wall is composed of pipelines and a connecting mechanism between the pipelines, and a fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the first temperature area.
Furthermore, the cladding layer is made of high-temperature-resistant anticorrosive material.
Further, the cladding layer comprises a nickel-cobalt-chromium-silicon alloy.
Further, the cladding layer is formed by adopting a coaxial powder feeding laser cladding process.
Further, the dilution ratio for forming the clad layer is 3% or less.
Further, the thickness of the cladding layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
Further, the temperature of the first temperature zone is higher than 650 ℃ and the temperature of the second temperature zone is lower than 650 ℃.
Further, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet are formed in the side wall of the furnace body, the first temperature area is close to the flue gas inlet, and the second temperature area is close to the flue gas outlet.
Further, a plurality of the water-cooled walls are arranged in a staggered mode in the furnace body, so that a serpentine-shaped bent flue is formed between the flue inlet and the flue outlet.
According to the waste heat boiler for incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes, the fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the high-temperature area of the waste heat boiler, so that the corrosion of vaporized alkaline salt in smoke generated by incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes on the water-cooled wall is avoided.
Drawings
The following drawings of the invention are included to provide a further understanding of the invention. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat boiler for incineration of high-sulfur high-halogen hazardous waste according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a waterwall according to one embodiment of the present invention.
100 furnace body
101 flue gas inlet
102 flue gas outlet
200 water wall
201 pipeline
202 connecting mechanism
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, a detailed description will be given in the following description to illustrate the waste heat boiler for incineration of high sulfur and high halogen hazardous wastes of the present invention. It is apparent that the practice of the invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the hazardous waste treatment arts. The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity, and the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
The hazardous waste incineration disposal system generally comprises a pretreatment unit, an incineration unit, a waste heat recovery unit, a flue gas purification unit and the like. In the pretreatment unit, the liquid, the sludge-like solid and the solid waste contained in the vessel are analyzed and treated, mixed according to indexes such as calorific value, presence or absence of halide, water content, etc., and controllably fed to the incineration unit. The incineration unit is used for incinerating hazardous waste to eliminate organic compounds and generated ash and gas residues to the maximum extent. The incineration unit generally comprises a rotary kiln and a secondary combustion chamber, wherein the rotary kiln is mainly used for vaporizing, decomposing and combusting most organic substances, and the secondary combustion chamber is mainly used for oxidizing all organic substances and waste gas, and the waste gas comprises combustible gas generated by incinerating hazardous waste in the rotary kiln. The waste heat recovery unit mainly recovers heat in the flue gas through a waste heat boiler, and can further utilize the heat to generate economic benefits (such as power generation). The flue gas purification unit is mainly used for purifying flue gas through various devices so that the discharged flue gas meets the domestic and foreign emission standards.
Aiming at the situation that in the prior art, alkaline salts of high-sulfur and high-halogen dangerous wastes are easy to vaporize and then deposit on a water cooling wall in a waste heat boiler in the incineration process to cause corrosion of the water cooling wall, and the more serious the corrosion is along with the increase of the halogen content in the dangerous wastes and the increase of the temperature of the water cooling wall, the invention provides a waste heat boiler for the incineration of the high-sulfur and high-halogen dangerous wastes, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in figure 1:
the furnace body 100 comprises a first temperature area and a second temperature area, wherein the temperature of the first temperature area is higher than that of the second temperature area;
a plurality of water-cooled walls 200 are arranged in the furnace body 100, wherein one or more water-cooled walls 200 are located in the first temperature area, and one or more water-cooled walls 200 are located in the second temperature area
The water-cooled wall 200 is composed of pipelines and a connecting mechanism between the pipelines, and a fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall 200 in the first temperature area.
Illustratively, the furnace body 100 is constructed of refractory masonry. Further, the surface of the furnace body 100 is provided with a heat insulating material to reduce heat loss.
As shown in fig. 1, a flue gas inlet 101 and a flue gas outlet 102 are disposed on the side wall of the furnace body 100. In one embodiment, the flue gas inlet 101 and the flue gas outlet 102 are both arranged at the upper part of the furnace body 100, and flue gas generated by burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous waste in the burning unit enters the waste heat boiler through the flue gas inlet 101, the temperature of the flue gas is very high at about 1100 ℃, the flue gas flows through a flue formed by the water-cooled wall 200, and the temperature of the flue gas is gradually reduced as the flue gas continuously exchanges heat with cold fluid in the water-cooled wall, and then the flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 102.
According to the temperature change of the flue gas in the waste heat boiler, the furnace body 100 can be divided into a first temperature area and a second temperature area, wherein the first temperature area is close to the flue gas inlet 101, and the second temperature area is close to the flue gas outlet 102, so that the temperature of the first temperature area is higher than that of the second temperature area. As an example, the temperature of the first temperature zone is above 650 ℃ and the temperature of the second temperature zone is below 650 ℃.
Illustratively, a plurality of waterwalls 200 are disposed within the furnace body 100.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of the water-cooled walls 200 are arranged in a staggered manner in the furnace body 100, wherein one end of one or more water-cooled walls 200 is fixed on the top of the furnace body 100, and one end of one or more water-cooled walls 200 is fixed on the bottom of the furnace body 100, so as to form a serpentine flue between the flue inlet 101 to the flue outlet 102.
The serpentine flue is formed between the flue inlet 101 and the flue outlet 102, so that the path and time of the flue gas flowing through the waste heat boiler are prolonged, the flue gas and cold fluid in the water-cooled wall can fully exchange heat, the volume of the waste heat boiler is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat boiler is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the water wall 200 is composed of pipes 201 and an inter-pipe connection mechanism 202, and the material of the water wall 200 is iron-carbon alloy (e.g., carbon steel).
Illustratively, the conduit 201 is a hollow conduit. In one embodiment, flue gas flows through the flue gas side (e.g., the outer side) of the water wall 200, and a cold fluid (e.g., water) flows through the cold fluid side (e.g., the inner side) of the water wall 200, and heat in the flue gas is recovered by heat exchange and then utilized.
Illustratively, the inter-pipe connection mechanism 202 is flat steel, so that a plurality of pipes 201 composing the water wall 200 are connected without gaps, smoke is prevented from passing through between the pipes of the water wall 200, and the smoke flows along the serpentine flue formed by the staggered arrangement of the water walls.
Illustratively, the flue gas side of the waterwall 200 within the first temperature zone is provided with a fusion coating.
Illustratively, the cladding layer is made of high-temperature-resistant anticorrosive material.
Further, the cladding layer comprises a nickel-cobalt-chromium-silicon alloy. As an example, the average contents of Ni, Co, Cr, and Si in Ni-Co-Cr-Si alloy are 37%, 29%, 27%, and 2.8%, respectively.
In one embodiment, the cladding is made of HAYNES HR-160 alloy, which is a solid solution strengthened Ni-Co-Cr-Si alloy that has excellent resistance to various high temperature corrosion attacks and resistance to sulfidation and chloride attacks in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres. The HR-160 alloy can resist high temperature of 1205 deg.c, and has high strength and excellent antioxidant and anticorrosive capacity at 650-1100 deg.c.
Since the content of vaporized alkaline salts (such as NaCl and KCl) in flue gas generated by burning high-sulfur high-halogen hazardous waste is high and the temperature in the first temperature region is high, low-melting chloride salt deposited on the waterwall 200 can be prevented from converting iron into highly volatile iron chloride by providing a cladding layer on the flue gas side of the waterwall 200 in the first temperature region, thereby preventing corrosion of the waterwall 200.
Illustratively, the fused coating is formed using a coaxial powder feed laser cladding process.
In one embodiment, the dilution ratio at which the clad layer is formed is 3% or less, and the thickness of the clad layer is 1mm or more.
The coaxial powder-feeding laser deposition process generally adopts a semiconductor optical fiber output laser and a disc type air-carrying powder feeder, a deposition head adopts a circular light spot scheme with a central light-emitting, powder is fed annularly or in multiple beams around a light beam, a special shielding gas channel is arranged, and the powder beam, the light beam and shielding gas flow are handed over at one point. A weld pool is formed at a focus during welding, and a weld deposit is formed on the surface of a workpiece along with relative movement between a welding head and the workpiece.
The coaxial powder feeding laser deposition process has the following advantages: (1) high degree of freedom and easy realization of automation. Because the axisymmetric powder feeding head is adopted, the fused layer with consistent appearance and same quality can be obtained by moving in any direction during the fusion, and the fusion direction is not limited. The deposition height can be adjusted by adjusting the focal length of the light spot and the height of the powder aggregation focus. (2) The protection effect of the inert gas in the molten pool is good. Because the powder feeding mode is that the powder is carried by air and a special inert gas flow channel is arranged on the deposition head, the molten pool is in a good local inert gas atmosphere in the deposition process, the molten pool and the deposition layer are less oxidized, and the oxide inclusion in the deposition layer is less. (3) Small melting pool, uniform heating of powder and good crack resistance of the cladding layer. The spot size of coaxial powder feeding laser cladding is phi 1 mm-phi 5mm, the powder and the light beam are in uniform contact, the heat transfer in the cladding process is more uniform, and therefore the cladding layer has good crack resistance. (4) Small fusion depth and low heat input. The coaxial powder feeding laser deposition has small spot diameter and high deposition linear velocity, so compared with the wide spot lateral powder feeding laser deposition and the arc welding, the coaxial powder feeding laser deposition has low deposition heat input, moderate dilution rate, smaller heat affected zone depth, excellent deposition performance and smaller influence on the performance of the base metal.
According to the waste heat boiler for incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes, the fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the high-temperature area of the waste heat boiler, so that the corrosion of vaporized alkaline salt in smoke generated by incinerating the high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes on the water-cooled wall is avoided.
The present invention has been illustrated by the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described embodiments. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A waste heat boiler for incineration of high sulfur and high halogen hazardous waste, comprising:
the furnace body comprises a first temperature area and a second temperature area, and the temperature of the first temperature area is higher than that of the second temperature area;
the furnace body is internally provided with a plurality of water-cooled walls, wherein one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the first temperature area, and one or more water-cooled walls are positioned in the second temperature area;
the water-cooled wall is composed of pipelines and a connecting mechanism between the pipelines, and a fusion coating layer is arranged on the smoke side of the water-cooled wall in the first temperature area.
2. The exhaust-heat boiler as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the cladding layer is made of a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material.
3. The exhaust-heat boiler of claim 2, wherein the cladding layer comprises a nickel-cobalt-chromium-silicon alloy.
4. The exhaust-heat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the cladding layer is formed by a coaxial powder-feeding laser cladding process.
5. The exhaust-heat boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the dilution ratio for forming the cladding layer is less than or equal to 3%.
6. The exhaust-heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the cladding layer is greater than or equal to 1 mm.
7. A waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the first temperature zone is above 650 ℃ and the temperature of the second temperature zone is below 650 ℃.
8. The exhaust-heat boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, the first temperature zone is close to the flue gas inlet, and the second temperature zone is close to the flue gas outlet.
9. The waste heat boiler as claimed in claim 8, wherein a plurality of said water walls are staggered within said furnace body to form a serpentine flue between said flue inlet to said flue outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010768082.XA CN111981449A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010768082.XA CN111981449A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes |
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| CN111981449A true CN111981449A (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010768082.XA Pending CN111981449A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Waste heat boiler for burning high-sulfur and high-halogen hazardous wastes |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902128A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 聊城市鲁西化工工程设计有限责任公司 | Water pipe type waste heat boiler and tail gas treatment system |
-
2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202010768082.XA patent/CN111981449A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902128A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-04 | 聊城市鲁西化工工程设计有限责任公司 | Water pipe type waste heat boiler and tail gas treatment system |
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