CN111981311A - Cold insulation device for liquid ammonia spherical tank and preparation method - Google Patents

Cold insulation device for liquid ammonia spherical tank and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111981311A
CN111981311A CN202010886516.6A CN202010886516A CN111981311A CN 111981311 A CN111981311 A CN 111981311A CN 202010886516 A CN202010886516 A CN 202010886516A CN 111981311 A CN111981311 A CN 111981311A
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liquid ammonia
cold insulation
cooling chamber
pair
circular fixing
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CN111981311B (en
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叶雅琴
李刚
王丽莹
孙传超
许如敏
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East China Engineering Science and Technology Co Ltd
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East China Engineering Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/003—Containers for packaging, storing or transporting, e.g. bottles, jars, cans, barrels, tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0379—Inert
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0383—Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of liquid ammonia spherical tank cold insulation structures, in particular to a cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank and a preparation method of the cold insulation device. The liquid ammonia spherical shell is fixedly installed through an equatorial tangent column type support, heating needles are uniformly distributed on the outer side wall of the liquid ammonia spherical shell, a flexible cold insulation layer, a second cold insulation layer and a moisture-proof layer are sequentially distributed outside the liquid ammonia spherical shell, a cooling chamber is formed between the flexible cold insulation layer and the second cold insulation layer at intervals, and a temperature detector and an elastic supporting mechanism for supporting the side walls of the two sides of the cooling chamber are arranged in the cooling chamber; the air inlet of the cooling chamber is communicated with an air outlet of air through an air inlet pipeline, the air outlet of the cooling chamber is communicated with an air inlet of an air machine through an air outlet pipeline, a first valve is arranged on the air inlet pipeline, and a second valve is arranged on the air outlet pipeline. Can be discontinuous in the transportation bleed, aerify the cooling to the cooling chamber, prevent that the cold volume in the liquid ammonia spherical shell from scattering and disappearing, solved the heat preservation problem of liquid ammonia spherical tank.

Description

Cold insulation device for liquid ammonia spherical tank and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid ammonia spherical tank cold insulation structures, in particular to a cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank.
Background
At present, the cold insulation material of the liquid ammonia storage tank is usually selected from polyurethane foam, and the product belongs to B1 flame-retardant materials. The conflagration operating mode of liquid ammonia spherical tank, the volume of releasing of relief valve need be considered according to no cold insulation layer operating mode, and the relief valve body imports and exports the pipeline, and the ammonia torch all needs the increase, and the cost of liquid ammonia storage tank is very high.
Foam glass is adopted as a cold insulation material of some spherical tanks, and can reach the standard of A-type non-combustible materials, but the foam glass is high in manufacturing cost and high in self density, so that the construction is difficult, multiple joints are easily caused, the cold leakage amount is easy, and the popularization is difficult in project application.
Because the liquid ammonia temperature is very low, even at liquid ammonia storage tank surface coating insulation material, the difference in temperature of insulation material both sides is also great, at the in-process of long-time transportation liquid ammonia storage tank, causes the inside cold volume of liquid ammonia storage tank to scatter and disappear easily. If the temperature difference between the two sides of the heat-insulating material is reduced, the cold insulation time of the liquid ammonia storage tank can be greatly prolonged; in addition, the equipment work efficiency of making the liquid ammonia storage tank at present is low, is usually that the manual work sets up the multilayer cold insulation material on liquid ammonia storage tank casing, and degree of automation is low, and work efficiency is slow. Therefore, there is a need for improvement of the prior art to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems of inconvenience and poor heat insulation effect of the heat insulation device using the liquid ammonia spherical tank in the prior art.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank comprises a liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 is fixedly installed through an equator tangent column type support 8,
the outer side wall of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 is uniformly provided with heating needles 13, the outside of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 is sequentially provided with a flexible cold insulation layer 3, a two-stage cold insulation layer 7 and a moisture-proof layer 5, and the flexible cold insulation layer 3 is fixedly installed through the heating needles 13 and the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14;
a cooling chamber 10 is formed between the flexible cold insulation layer 3 and the two cold insulation layers 7 at intervals, and a temperature detector 1 and an elastic supporting mechanism for supporting the side walls of the two sides of the cooling chamber 10 are arranged in the cooling chamber 10;
the two sections of cold insulation layers 7 are bonded with the moisture-proof layer 5, and a steel belt mechanism is bound outside the moisture-proof layer 5;
the elastic tube supporting mechanism comprises a pair of circular fixing frames 11 with hinged upper ends, elastic tubes 12 are arranged in each fixing frame in parallel at equal intervals, the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are closed, and the circle centers of the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are coincided with the sphere center of a liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, so that the outer surface of the flexible cold insulation layer 3 is uniformly distributed with the elongated elastic tubes 12;
the air inlet of the cooling chamber 10 is communicated with the air outlet of the air machine 2 through an air inlet pipeline 17, the air outlet of the cooling chamber 10 is communicated with the air inlet of the air machine 2 through an air outlet pipeline 18, a first valve 15 is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 17, and a second valve 16 is arranged on the air outlet pipeline 18.
Further, the steel band mechanism includes more than 4 radial line steel bands and 1 weft steel band, and the both ends of the more than 4 radial line steel bands are respectively through the corresponding end axle fixed mounting of a pair of movable ring 9 and liquid ammonia ball casing 14 for dampproof course 5 is tied up tightly fixedly.
Further, the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are hollow pipes, air holes are uniformly formed in each hollow pipe, the air inlet pipeline 17 is communicated with one circular fixing frame, and the air outlet pipeline 18 is communicated with the other circular fixing frame.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the cold insulation device for the liquid ammonia spherical tank, which comprises the following steps,
step S1: initially, a pair of circular fixing frames 11 is arranged at the upper end of a liquid ammonia ball shell 14, the circular fixing frames 11 are horizontally unfolded, and a flexible layer made of foam rubber and plastic is distributed on the lower end face of each circular fixing frame, so that the surface of the flexible layer is flat;
step S2: the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are closed downwards, so that the centers of circles of the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are overlapped with the center of a sphere of the liquid ammonia sphere shell 14, the flexible layer presses the heating needle 13 on the surface of the liquid ammonia sphere shell 14, and when the temperature of the heating needle 13 is higher than the melting point temperature of the flexible layer, the flexible layer is bonded with the heating needle 13; then heating the pair of circular fixing frames 11, and when the temperature of the pair of circular fixing frames 11 is higher than the melting point temperature of the flexible layer, bonding the flexible layers on the pair of circular fixing frames 11 at the joint to form a complete flexible cold insulation layer 3 covering the liquid ammonia ball shell 14;
step S3: the outer side of the elastic tube 12 is sequentially provided with a second cold insulation layer 7 and a moisture-proof layer 5, so that the spacing distance between the second cold insulation layer 7 and the flexible cold insulation layer 3 is the diameter of the elastic tube 12, and the diameter of the elastic tube 12 is 1-10 mm;
step S5: more than 4 radial steel belts are uniformly bound outside the moisture-proof layer 5, weft steel belts are bound on the circumference of the equator of the moisture-proof layer 5, the upper ends of the more than 4 radial steel belts are fixedly installed through an upper movable ring 9 and an upper end shaft of a liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, and the lower ends of the radial steel belts are fixedly installed through a lower movable ring 91 and a lower end shaft of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, so that the moisture-proof layer 5 is bound and fixed;
step S5: the first valve 15 and the second valve 16 are closed, and the temperature detector 1 monitors the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 in real time;
when the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 is higher than T, the first valve 15 is opened, compressed gas is injected into the cooling chamber 10 from the air outlet of the air machine 2 through the air inlet pipe 17, the compressed gas in the cooling chamber 10 expands to absorb heat, and the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 is reduced;
when the air pressure in the cooling chamber 10 is more than P2, the second valve 16 is opened, the first valve 15 is closed, and the air is discharged to the air inlet of the air machine 2;
the pressure of the compressed gas is P1, and the atmospheric pressure is less than P2 and less than P1.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) according to the cold insulation device for the liquid ammonia spherical tank, the flexible cold insulation layer, the two-section cold insulation layer and the moisture-proof layer are sequentially arranged outside the liquid ammonia spherical shell, so that the cost is low, and the cold insulation effect is good;
compressed gas is filled into the cooling chamber, the gas expansion heat absorption principle is utilized, the temperature difference of two sides of the flexible cold insulation layer is reduced, the cold insulation effect is further enhanced, the liquid ammonia spherical tank cannot be opened when the liquid ammonia spherical tank is transported for a long time, the two sides of the flexible cold insulation layer can be controlled to be always at lower temperature through the air machine, and the cold insulation time is prolonged;
(2) according to the invention, the heating needles are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the liquid ammonia spherical shell, the elastic pipes are distributed on the pair of circular fixing frames, and the pair of circular fixing frames are closed, so that the flexible cold insulation layer and the liquid ammonia spherical shell are thermally bonded.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cold insulation device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cooling chamber on air machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the mechanism of the steel belt mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a state view when the pair of circular fixing frames is horizontally unfolded in step S1 in the manufacturing method of the cold insulation apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a temperature monitor; 2-an air machine; 3-flexible cold insulation layer; 4-reinforcing steel bars; 5-a moisture barrier; 6-air outlet pipe; 7-two sections of cold insulation layers; 8-supporting legs; 9-a pair of movable rings; 10-a cooling chamber; 11-a pair of circular fixed frames; 12-an elastic tube; 13-a heating needle; 14-liquid ammonia sphere housing 14; 15-valve I; 16-valve II; 17-an air inlet pipe; and 18-an air outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
A cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank comprises a liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 is fixedly installed through an equator tangent column type support 8,
evenly laid heating needle 13 on the lateral wall of liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, and liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 has laid flexible cold insulation layer 3, two-stage segment cold insulation layer 7 and dampproof course 5 outward in proper order, and dampproof course 5 can prevent that the liquid ammonia spherical tank from weing. The second cold insulation layer 7 adopts glass fiber needled felt which is a flexible non-combustible heat insulation material, is closed, fine and solid, is convenient to construct, and can achieve the effects of smoke isolation, heat insulation and cold insulation and guarantee of non-combustion of the cold insulation layer under the working condition of fire. The flexible cold insulation layer 3 is made of foam rubber and plastic materials, is low in price and convenient to construct.
The flexible cold insulation layer 3 is fixedly installed through a heating needle 13 and a liquid ammonia ball shell 14;
a cooling chamber 10 is formed between the flexible cold insulation layer 3 and the two cold insulation layers 7 at intervals, and a temperature detector 1 and an elastic supporting mechanism for supporting the side walls of the two sides of the cooling chamber 10 are arranged in the cooling chamber 10; elastic tube supporting mechanism includes a pair of circular fixed frame 11 of upper end articulated, and the equidistant cloth parallel is equipped with elastic tube 12 in every fixed frame, closed a pair of circular fixed frame 11, the centre of a circle of a pair of circular fixed frame 11 and the coincidence of the centre of sphere of liquid ammonia ball casing 14 for 3 surface evenly distributed of flexible cold insulation layer are the elastic tube 12 of extension.
The two sections of cold insulation layers 7 are bonded with the moisture-proof layer 5, and a steel belt mechanism is bound outside the moisture-proof layer 5;
the steel band mechanism includes more than 4 radial line steel bands and 1 weft steel band, and the both ends of the more than 4 radial line steel bands are respectively through the corresponding end axle fixed mounting of a pair of movable ring 9 and liquid ammonia ball casing 14 for dampproof course 5 is tied up tightly fixedly.
The air inlet of the cooling chamber 10 is communicated with the air outlet of the air machine 2 through an air inlet pipeline 17, the air outlet of the cooling chamber 10 is communicated with the air inlet of the air machine 2 through an air outlet pipeline 18, a first valve 15 is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 17, and a second valve 16 is arranged on the air outlet pipeline 18.
The pair of circular fixing frames 11 are hollow pipes, air holes are uniformly formed in each hollow pipe, the air inlet pipeline 17 is communicated with one circular fixing frame, and the air outlet pipeline 18 is communicated with the other circular fixing frame.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the cold insulation device for the liquid ammonia spherical tank, which comprises the following steps,
step S1: initially, set up a pair of circular fixed frame 11 in the upper end of liquid ammonia ball casing 14, and a pair of circular fixed frame 11 level expandes, equipartition interval level has laid elastic tube 12 on every circular fixed frame, and the lower terminal surface of every circular fixed frame has all laid the flexible layer of foam rubber and plastic, and the surfacing of flexible layer.
Step S2: the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are closed downwards, so that the centers of circles of the pair of circular fixing frames 11 are overlapped with the center of a sphere of the liquid ammonia sphere shell 14, the flexible layer presses the heating needle 13 on the surface of the liquid ammonia sphere shell 14, the heating needle 13 is pressed to conduct self-heating, when the temperature of the heating needle 13 reaches 65 ℃, the flexible layer and the heating needle 13 are thermally bonded, and the heating needle 13 stops conducting self-heating; then a pair of circular fixed frames 11 can be heated through resistance wires, when the temperature of the pair of circular fixed frames 11 reaches 65 ℃, the flexible layers on the pair of circular fixed frames 11 are thermally bonded at the joint to form a complete flexible cold insulation layer 3 covering the outside of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, the elastic tube 12 is in an extension state, the elastic tube 12 is in close contact with the flexible cold insulation layer 3, and the elastic tube 12 exerts pressure on the flexible cold insulation layer 3 under the elastic action, so that the flexible cold insulation layer 3 is tightly attached to the surface of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, and the cold insulation effect is further enhanced.
Controlling the heating time of the pair of circular fixing frames 11 to be 10-20 min; the flexible layer is made of foam plastic, and becomes soft at the temperature of more than 50 ℃ and can be melted at the temperature of more than 60 ℃.
Step S3: the outer side of the elastic tube 12 is sequentially provided with a second cold insulation layer 7 and a moisture-proof layer 5, so that the spacing distance between the second cold insulation layer 7 and the flexible cold insulation layer 3 is the diameter of the elastic tube 12, and the diameter of the elastic tube 12 is 1-10 mm;
step S5: more than 4 radial steel belts are uniformly bound outside the moisture-proof layer 5, weft steel belts are bound on the circumference of the equator of the moisture-proof layer 5, the upper ends of the more than 4 radial steel belts are fixedly installed through an upper movable ring 9 and an upper end shaft of a liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, and the lower ends of the radial steel belts are fixedly installed through a lower movable ring 91 and a lower end shaft of the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14, so that the moisture-proof layer 5 is bound and fixed;
step S5: the first valve 15 and the second valve 16 are closed, and the temperature detector 1 monitors the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 in real time;
when the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 is higher than T, the first valve 15 is opened, compressed gas is injected into the cooling chamber 10 from the air outlet of the air machine 2 through the air inlet pipe 17, the compressed gas in the cooling chamber 10 expands to absorb heat, and the temperature in the cooling chamber 10 is reduced;
when the air pressure in the cooling chamber 10 is more than P2, the second valve 16 is opened, the first valve 15 is closed, and the air is discharged to the air inlet of the air machine 2;
the pressure of the compressed gas is P1, and the atmospheric pressure is less than P2 and less than P1.
In this embodiment, P2 is 1.10 × 105Pa, P1 is 2 × 105Pa, which ensures that the air entering the cooling chamber 10 from the air machine 2 absorbs heat, and since the air pressure in the cooling chamber 10 is the maximum atmospheric pressure when no air is introduced, as long as the air pressure of the air introduced into the air machine 2 is greater than the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure of the air introduced into the cooling chamber 10 can be ensured to decrease and expand in volume, which ensures that the air absorbs heat, and the gas with the air pressure of P1 in the air machine 2 can be set as inert gas, which makes the heat conduction effect of the inert gas worse.
T sets up to 250K, because the liquid ammonia temperature is generally below 240K, does not have any cold insulation material absolute cold insulation, and the flexible cold insulation layer 3 both sides difference in temperature is big, and cold insulation effect is poor, if the temperature of cooling chamber 10 is too high, even there is flexible cold insulation layer 3's existence, the liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia spherical tank also takes place the heat exchange very easily and reduces cold insulation effect. In the transportation process, the cooling chamber 10 can be intermittently pumped and inflated for cooling, so that the cold quantity in the liquid ammonia spherical shell 14 is prevented from being lost due to overlarge temperature difference at two sides of the flexible cold insulation layer 3.
According to the heating needle 13 provided by the invention, with reference to a needle point patent with a pressure measurement function and a preparation method thereof with the patent number of CN201910349282.9 and a heating needle device patent design with the patent number of CN201720967304.4, a pressure sensor is arranged at the needle point, the needle point is heated when the pressure sensor is subjected to pressure, the heating needle 13 can be arranged to comprise the needle point, a spring switch connected with the needle point and a needle tube connected with the spring switch, the needle tube is connected with a liquid ammonia ball shell 14, a heating device is arranged on the needle point, when a flexible protective layer 3 is contacted with the needle point, the needle point is subjected to downward force, a spring in the spring switch is compressed, the spring switch is started, the heating device at the needle point is controlled to be started, and the needle point melts the flexible cold-keeping.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a cold insulation device for liquid ammonia spherical tank, includes liquid ammonia spherical shell (14), liquid ammonia spherical shell (14) are through equator tangent column type support (8) fixed mounting, its characterized in that:
the outer side wall of the liquid ammonia spherical shell (14) is uniformly provided with heating needles (13), the liquid ammonia spherical shell (14) is sequentially provided with a flexible cold insulation layer (3), a two-stage cold insulation layer (7) and a moisture-proof layer (5), and the flexible cold insulation layer (3) is fixedly installed through the heating needles (13) and the liquid ammonia spherical shell (14);
a cooling chamber (10) is formed between the flexible cold insulation layer (3) and the two cold insulation layers (7) at intervals, and a temperature detector (1) and an elastic supporting mechanism for supporting the side walls of the two sides of the cooling chamber (10) are arranged in the cooling chamber (10);
the two sections of cold insulation layers (7) are bonded with the moisture-proof layer (5), and a steel belt mechanism is bound outside the moisture-proof layer (5);
the elastic tube supporting mechanism comprises a pair of circular fixing frames (11) with hinged upper ends, elastic tubes (12) are arranged in each fixing frame in parallel at equal intervals, the pair of circular fixing frames (11) are closed, and the circle centers of the pair of circular fixing frames (11) are coincided with the sphere center of a liquid ammonia spherical shell (14), so that the elongated elastic tubes (12) are uniformly distributed in the cooling chamber (10);
the air inlet of the cooling chamber (10) is communicated with the air outlet of the air machine (2) through an air inlet pipeline (17), the air outlet of the cooling chamber (10) is communicated with the air inlet of the air machine (2) through an air outlet pipeline (18), a first valve (15) is arranged on the air inlet pipeline (17), and a second valve (16) is arranged on the air outlet pipeline (18).
2. The cold insulation device for the liquid ammonia spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: the steel band mechanism comprises more than 4 radial line steel bands and 1 weft line steel band, and the two ends of the more than 4 radial line steel bands are fixedly installed through corresponding end shafts on a pair of movable rings (9) and the liquid ammonia spherical shell (14) respectively, so that the moisture-proof layer (5) is tightly bound and fixed.
3. The cold insulation device for the liquid ammonia spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: the pair of circular fixing frames (11) are hollow pipes, air holes are uniformly formed in each hollow pipe, the air inlet pipeline (17) is communicated with one circular fixing frame, and the air outlet pipeline (18) is communicated with the other circular fixing frame.
4. The method for preparing a cold insulation device for a liquid ammonia spherical tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step S1: initially, a pair of circular fixing frames (11) is arranged at the upper end of a liquid ammonia ball shell (14), the circular fixing frames (11) are horizontally unfolded, elastic pipes (12) are horizontally distributed on each circular fixing frame at equal intervals, and a flexible layer made of foam rubber and plastic is distributed on the lower end face of each circular fixing frame, so that the surface of the flexible layer is flat;
step S2: the pair of circular fixing frames (11) are closed downwards, so that the centers of circles of the pair of circular fixing frames (11) are overlapped with the center of a sphere of the liquid ammonia sphere shell (14), the flexible layer presses the heating needle (13) on the surface of the liquid ammonia sphere shell (14), and when the temperature of the heating needle (13) is higher than the melting point temperature of the flexible layer, the flexible layer and the heating needle (13) are thermally bonded; then heating the pair of circular fixing frames (11), and when the temperature of the pair of circular fixing frames (11) is higher than the melting point temperature of the flexible layer, thermally bonding the flexible layer on the pair of circular fixing frames (11) at the joint, and the heating time of the pair of circular fixing frames (11) is 10-20 min, forming a complete flexible cold insulation layer (3) covering the liquid ammonia spherical shell (14), wherein each elastic pipe (12) is in an extension state and is in close contact with the outer side wall of the flexible cold insulation layer (3);
step S3: the outer side of the elastic tube (12) is sequentially provided with a second cold insulation layer (7) and a moisture-proof layer (5), so that the spacing distance between the second cold insulation layer (7) and the flexible cold insulation layer (3) is the diameter of the elastic tube (12), and the diameter of the elastic tube (12) is 1-10 mm;
step S5: more than 4 radial steel belts are uniformly bound outside the moisture-proof layer (5), weft steel belts are bound on the circumference of the equator of the moisture-proof layer (5), and two ends of the more than 4 radial steel belts are fixedly installed through a pair of movable rings (9) and corresponding end shafts on a liquid ammonia spherical shell (14) respectively, so that the moisture-proof layer (5) is bound and fixed tightly;
step S5: closing the first valve (15) and the second valve (16), and monitoring the temperature in the cooling chamber (10) in real time by the temperature detector (1);
when the temperature in the cooling chamber (10) is higher than T, a first valve (15) is opened, compressed gas is injected into the cooling chamber (10) from an air outlet of the air machine (2) through an air inlet pipe (17), the compressed gas in the cooling chamber (10) expands to absorb heat, and the temperature in the cooling chamber (10) is reduced;
when the air pressure in the cooling chamber (10) is more than P2, opening the second valve (16), closing the first valve (15) and discharging the air to the air inlet of the air machine (2);
the pressure of the compressed gas is P1, the atmospheric pressure is less than P2 and less than P1, and the T is 55-65 ℃.
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