CN111978977A - Efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111978977A
CN111978977A CN202010870759.0A CN202010870759A CN111978977A CN 111978977 A CN111978977 A CN 111978977A CN 202010870759 A CN202010870759 A CN 202010870759A CN 111978977 A CN111978977 A CN 111978977A
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water
octadecyl
dodecyl
soluble compound
surfactant
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CN111978977B (en
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陈祖国
熊德欣
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Shaanxi Bangdanuo Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G33/04Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means

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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier, which consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 22-27% of cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactant, 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier. The efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention does not need to add other demulsifier auxiliaries when in use, and has the advantages of wide application pH range, good water solubility, high demulsification dehydration rate, high water outlet rate and stable effect; the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention does not need to add other organic solvents in the synthesis process, has the advantages of low production cost, simple and convenient preparation process and zero emission, and reduces the harm to the body and the environment of a user.

Description

Efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemicals for recycling and treating water-containing waste liquid of petroleum industry and petrochemical oil, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier.
Background
The sources of the aging oil are various, so that the composition of the aging oil is extremely complex, the components of the aging oil from different sources are different, and the formation reason of the aging oil is closely related to the components: on one hand, the oil field uses a large amount of chemical agents in tertiary oil recovery, so that polymers, alkali and surfactants in the aging oil and natural surface active substances such as colloid and asphaltene act together, and the emulsification degree of the aging oil is improved. On the other hand, the aging oil also contains clay, silt, mechanical impurities, suspended matters, sulfides, metal oxide micelles and other conventional substances, and under the combined action of the suspended matters, the solid particles, the metal oxides and the sulfide micelles, the stability of the aging oil is further enhanced, so that great adverse effects are brought to actual production. At present, most oil production plants use a thermochemical settling method, an electrochemical dehydration method, a centrifugation method and a demulsifier dehydration method to treat the aged oil, wherein the dehydration effect of the demulsifier is more effective. The existing aging oil demulsifiers at home and abroad have relatively few types, and most of the existing aging oil demulsifiers are poor in water solubility or insoluble in water, so that a certain proportion of organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, ethers, toluene, xylene and the like need to be added in the synthesis or use process, which not only increases the product cost, but also brings certain harm to human bodies in the production and use processes, and simultaneously causes certain pollution to the environment, thus not meeting the requirements of green chemistry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier, which solves the problems of high production and use cost and great harmfulness caused by poor water solubility of most of the existing aging oil demulsifiers.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22-27% of cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactant, 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The first technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that,
the cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
Single-chain cationic surface activityThe agent is of the formula
Figure BDA0002651008220000021
Wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 9 carbon atoms, and XIs Cl or Br.
The nonionic surfactant is one of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene or octylphenol polyoxyethylene.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
step 2, adding the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 and the water weighed in the step 1 into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and starting up, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 is completely dissolved without layering;
step 3, transferring the solution obtained in the step 2 into a three-neck flask with stirring and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at the temperature of 65-95 ℃, and keeping the constant temperature for 3-10 min;
step 4, adding the dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine weighed in the step 1 into a three-necked flask, stirring and keeping the temperature for 1-5 hours, and then cooling to obtain dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant;
step 5, weighing 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant, 22-27% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant obtained in step 4 and the balance of water according to the mass percentage, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
and 6, mixing the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants, the single-chain cationic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant and the water which are weighed in the step 5 to obtain the modified dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants.
The second technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that,
the stirring speed in step 4 was 200 r/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention does not need to add other demulsifier auxiliaries when in use, and has the advantages of wide application pH range, good water solubility, high demulsification dehydration rate, high water outlet rate and stable effect; the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention does not need to add other organic solvents in the synthesis process, has the advantages of low production cost, simple and convenient preparation process and zero emission, and reduces the harm to the body and the environment of a user.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22-27% of cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactant, 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
The cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%. The dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon number of 5-8 has the chemical formula of X- (CH)2)n-X, (n ═ 5/6/7/8, X is Cl or Br). The cationic dodecyl-octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant prepared by the components has the advantages of increasing the types of oleophilic groups, enhancing the demulsification effect, shortening the dehydration time and improving the dehydration rate.
The single-chain cationic surfactant has a chemical formula of
Figure BDA0002651008220000041
Wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 9 carbon atoms, and XIs Cl or Br.
The nonionic surfactant is one of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene or octylphenol polyoxyethylene.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
step 2, adding the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 and the water weighed in the step 1 into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and starting up, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 is completely dissolved without layering;
step 3, transferring the solution obtained in the step 2 into a three-neck flask with stirring and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at the temperature of 65-95 ℃, and keeping the constant temperature for 3-10 min;
and 4, adding the dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine weighed in the step 1 into a three-necked flask, keeping the temperature for 1-5 hours at a stirring speed of 200r/min, and cooling to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant, wherein the reaction equation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002651008220000051
in the formula: n is 5/6/7/8; r1: alkyl of twelve carbon atoms; r2: an alkyl group of eighteen carbon atoms;
step 5, weighing 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant, 22-27% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant obtained in step 4 and the balance of water according to the mass percentage, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
and 6, mixing the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants, the single-chain cationic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant and the water which are weighed in the step 5 to obtain the modified dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants.
Through the mode, the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively colliding an interface film of an emulsion or adsorbing the interface film or draining a part of surface active substances by changing the diversity of lipophilic groups in the demulsifier, wherein the hydrocarbon carbon chain contains 6-9, 12 and 18 of hydrocarbon and long-chain nonionic groups, so that the interface film is broken, the stability of the emulsion is greatly reduced, flocculation coalescence is generated for demulsification, meanwhile, the surface of a liquid drop of the aged oil emulsion has negative charges, the Zeta potential of the aged oil emulsion can reach 50mV, so that an emulsion system is quite stable, cations in the demulsifier can play roles in neutralizing interface charges, adsorbing bridging, flocculating coalescence and the like on the emulsion, and the stability of an interface is damaged, thereby achieving the purpose of demulsification. The hydrocarbon group and the nonionic group containing the carbon chain of 18 can well remove moisture contained in heavy components such as colloid, asphaltene and the like in the aging oil; other hydrocarbon groups respectively realize better separation of light component oil and medium component oil of the aging oil from water, thereby achieving better oil-water separation effect of the aging oil as a whole. When in use, no other demulsifier auxiliary agent is needed, and the product has wide application pH range, good water solubility, high demulsification dehydration rate, high water outlet rate and stable effect.
Example 1
Weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 18% of dichlorohydrocarbon with 5 carbon atoms, 16% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; adding the weighed dichlorohydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5 and water into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and starting up, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dichlorohydrocarbon is completely dissolved without layering; transferring the solution into a three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3 min; adding the weighed dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine into a three-neck flask, keeping the temperature for 5 hours at the stirring speed of 200r/min, and then cooling to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant. Weighing 22% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant according to the mass percentage, and weighing
Figure BDA0002651008220000061
(R is 6, X)Cl)4.6 percent, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene 5 percent and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent, and finally the components are mixed to obtain the catalyst.
Example 2
Weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 22% of carbon atom number 7 dibromo hydrocarbon, 18% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 23% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; adding the weighed dibromo-hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 7 and water into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, starting the machine, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dibromo-hydrocarbon is completely dissolved without layering; transferring the solution into a three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 75 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 min; adding the weighed dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine into a three-neck flask, keeping the temperature for 2 hours at the stirring speed of 200r/min, and then cooling to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant. Weighing 23% of the obtained dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant according to the mass percentage, and weighing
Figure BDA0002651008220000071
(R is 6, X)Br)6 percent, octylphenol polyethenoxy ether 7 percent and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent, and finally the components are mixed to obtain the catalyst.
Example 3
Weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 22% of dichlorohydrocarbon with 8 carbon atoms, 19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; adding the weighed dichlorohydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 8 and water into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and starting up, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dichlorohydrocarbon is completely dissolved without layering; transferring the solution into a three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 10 min; adding the weighed dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine into a three-neck flask, and stirring at the speed of 200r/min constantlyThe temperature is kept for 1h, and then the mixture is cooled to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant. Weighing 27% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant according to the mass percentage, and weighing
Figure BDA0002651008220000072
(R is 9, X)Cl)7 percent, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether 8.5 percent and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent, and the components are finally mixed to obtain the catalyst.
Example 4
Weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 19% of carbon atom number 7 dibromo hydrocarbon, 17% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 23% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; adding the weighed dibromo-hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 7 and water into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, starting the machine, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dibromo-hydrocarbon is completely dissolved without layering; transferring the solution into a three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 80 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 5 min; adding the weighed dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine into a three-neck flask, keeping the temperature for 4 hours at the stirring speed of 200r/min, and then cooling to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant. Then 25 percent of the obtained dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant is weighed according to the mass percentage, and the mixture is weighed
Figure BDA0002651008220000081
(R is 7, X)Br)5.5 percent, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether 7 percent and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percent of the components is 100 percent, and finally the components are mixed to obtain the catalyst.
Example 5
Weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 20.5 percent of dichlorohydrocarbon with 6 carbon atoms, 17.5 percent of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 22 percent of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100 percent; adding the weighed dichlorohydrocarbon with the carbon number of 6 and water into a beaker, and placing the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaning modeStarting the machine, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until dichlorohydrocarbon is completely dissolved without layering; transferring the solution into a three-neck flask equipped with a stirrer and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 75 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 7 min; adding the weighed dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine into a three-neck flask, keeping the temperature for 2 hours at the stirring speed of 200r/min, and then cooling to obtain the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant. Weighing 22% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant according to the mass percentage, and weighing
Figure BDA0002651008220000082
(R is 9, X)Cl) 6%, alkylphenol ethoxylates 8% and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%, and finally the components are mixed to obtain the compound.
Analysis of results
The performance test results of the demulsifier product prepared in example 5 of the invention and other similar demulsifier products on the demulsification effect of different oil samples under the same conditions are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of the demulsifier of the present invention and the demulsifiers of other aging oils
Figure BDA0002651008220000091
TABLE 2 comparison of the results of the demulsifier of the present invention and the demulsifiers of other aging oils
Figure BDA0002651008220000092
TABLE 3 comparison of the results of the demulsifier of the present invention and the demulsifiers of other aging oils
Figure BDA0002651008220000093
TABLE 4 comparison of the results of the demulsifier of the present invention and the demulsifiers of other aging oils (IV)
Figure BDA0002651008220000101
From the above tables 1 to 4, it can be seen that the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier disclosed by the invention has better demulsification and dehydration rate effects than the existing polyether demulsifier and phenolic resin demulsifier at different demulsification temperatures, different demulsifier addition amounts and different reaction times when treating different aging oils.

Claims (6)

1. The efficient water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 22-27% of cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactant, 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
2. The high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier of claim 1, wherein the cationic dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.
3. The high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier of claim 1, wherein the single-chain cationic surfactant has a chemical formula of
Figure FDA0002651008210000011
Wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 9 carbon atoms, and XIs Cl or Br.
4. The high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier of claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is one of alkylphenol ethoxylates or octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
5. The preparation method of the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, weighing the following components in percentage by mass: 18-22% of C5-8 dihalogenated hydrocarbon, 16-19% of dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine, 21-24% of octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the balance of water, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
step 2, adding the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 and the water weighed in the step 1 into a beaker, placing the beaker into an ultrasonic cleaning machine and starting up, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the dihalogenated hydrocarbon with the carbon atom number of 5-8 is completely dissolved without layering;
step 3, transferring the solution obtained in the step 2 into a three-neck flask with stirring and a condenser, placing the three-neck flask into a constant-temperature water bath kettle at the temperature of 65-95 ℃, and keeping the constant temperature for 3-10 min;
step 4, adding the dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and the octadecyl dimethyl tertiary amine weighed in the step 1 into a three-necked flask, stirring and keeping the temperature for 1-5 hours, and then cooling to obtain dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant;
step 5, weighing 4.6-7% of single-chain cationic surfactant, 5-8.5% of nonionic surfactant, 22-27% of dodecyl and octadecyl mixed gemini surfactant obtained in step 4 and the balance of water according to the mass percentage, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%;
and 6, mixing the dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants, the single-chain cationic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant and the water which are weighed in the step 5 to obtain the modified dodecyl and octadecyl mixed double surfactants.
6. The method for preparing the high-efficiency water-soluble compound aging oil demulsifier of claim 5, wherein the stirring speed in the step 4 is 200 r/min.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103525099A (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-22 华东理工大学 Compound asphalt emulsifier containing gemini surfactant
CN104263341A (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-01-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Positive and negative ion surfactant compound mixture and preparation method thereof
US20190276750A1 (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-12 Instituto Mexicano Del Petroleo Water/crude oil removers based on alkylacrylic-carboxyalkylacrylic random copolymers of controlled molecular mass

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103525099A (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-22 华东理工大学 Compound asphalt emulsifier containing gemini surfactant
CN104263341A (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-01-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Positive and negative ion surfactant compound mixture and preparation method thereof
US20190276750A1 (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-09-12 Instituto Mexicano Del Petroleo Water/crude oil removers based on alkylacrylic-carboxyalkylacrylic random copolymers of controlled molecular mass

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