CN111978075A - 一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
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- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷及其制备方法，所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷由包括以下重量份的原料制成：方解石20～28份、钠长石20～28份、二氧化硅28～38份、凹凸棒黏土14～19份、铝基膨润土8～11份、短切玄武岩纤维4～6份、硅灰石晶须5～7份、硅酸铝纤维管6～8份、硅酸铝3～4.5份、发泡剂2.5～3份、稳泡剂1.5～1.7份、减水剂1.2～1.6份、分散剂2～3份。本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的密度低，具有良好的轻质特性；导热系数低，隔热效果好，防烫效果好；抗折强度高，力学性能好；吸水率低，完全满足日用陶瓷的使用要求，综合性能好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制品领域，具体涉及一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
日用陶瓷的产生可以说是因为人们对日常生活的需求而产生的，日常生活中人们接触最多，也是最熟悉的瓷器，如餐具、茶具、咖啡具、酒具、饭具等。
目前，还出现了日用陶瓷的轻质化生产技术。如公开号为CN108101571A的中国专利申请，公开了一种轻质多孔日用陶瓷，按质量百分比计，其是由如下主要原料制备而成：陶瓷坯料、占陶瓷坯料20-45％的水、以及添加量的减水剂、发泡剂、稳泡剂，其中，所述陶瓷坯料包含有10-30％长石、10-30％石英、40-65％黏土。该发明改善了在保证气孔率较高的前提下，能有效确保产品制备过程和产品的力学性能要求。
但是，目前所使用的日用陶瓷制品还存在以下问题：
1、密度高，比较笨重；
2、隔热效果差，导热系数偏高，不防烫；
3、强度等力学性能较差，吸水率较高，综合性能较差。
发明内容
基于上述情况，本发明的目的在于提供一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷及其制备方法，可有效解决以上问题。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石20～28份、钠长石20～28份、二氧化硅28～38份、凹凸棒黏土14～19份、铝基膨润土8～11份、短切玄武岩纤维4～6份、硅灰石晶须5～7份、硅酸铝纤维管6～8份、硅酸铝3～4.5份、发泡剂2.5～3份、稳泡剂1.5～1.7份、减水剂1.2～1.6份、分散剂2～3份。
优选的，所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石24份、钠长石25份、二氧化硅33份、凹凸棒黏土16.5份、铝基膨润土9.5份、短切玄武岩纤维5份、硅灰石晶须6份、硅酸铝纤维管7份、硅酸铝3.8份、发泡剂2.8份、稳泡剂1.6份、减水剂1.4份、分散剂2.5份。
优选的，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度为2～4d，长度为5～10mm。
优选的，所述二氧化硅为纳米二氧化硅。
优选的，所述发泡剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
优选的，所述减水剂为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
优选的，所述稳泡剂为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
优选的，所述分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠。
本发明还提供一种所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为64～66％的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大2～3倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
D、逐渐升温至600～650℃，烧制1～2h；然后再升温至980～1020℃，继续烧制3～4h；最后降温至450～500℃，保温1～2h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及有益效果：
本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷通过精选原料组成，并优化各原料含量，选择了适当配比的方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂和分散剂，既充分发挥各自的优点，又相互补充，相互促进，制得的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的密度低，具有良好的轻质特性；导热系数低，隔热效果好，防烫效果好；抗折强度高，力学性能好；吸水率低，完全满足日用陶瓷的使用要求，综合性能好。
此外，本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷属于一种无釉坯体，在实际应用中可直接使用，也可以在其表面进行上釉，以使其表面更加光滑，光泽度更好，也更美观，同时可进一步提升其性能，如表面光泽度，耐磨性能等。
本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的原料中，添加适当比例的方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂和分散剂；各组分相互配合，起到良好的协同作用，保证了本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的密度低，具有良好的轻质特性；导热系数低，隔热效果好，防烫效果好；抗折强度高，力学性能好；吸水率低，完全满足日用陶瓷的使用要求，综合性能好。
本发明的制备方法工艺简单，操作简便，节省了人力和设备成本。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合具体实施例对本发明的优选实施方案进行描述，但是不能理解为对本专利的限制。
下述实施例中所述试验方法或测试方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均从常规商业途径获得，或以常规方法制备。
实施例1：
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石20～28份、钠长石20～28份、二氧化硅28～38份、凹凸棒黏土14～19份、铝基膨润土8～11份、短切玄武岩纤维4～6份、硅灰石晶须5～7份、硅酸铝纤维管6～8份、硅酸铝3～4.5份、发泡剂2.5～3份、稳泡剂1.5～1.7份、减水剂1.2～1.6份、分散剂2～3份。
在本实施例中，所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷优选由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石24份、钠长石25份、二氧化硅33份、凹凸棒黏土16.5份、铝基膨润土9.5份、短切玄武岩纤维5份、硅灰石晶须6份、硅酸铝纤维管7份、硅酸铝3.8份、发泡剂2.8份、稳泡剂1.6份、减水剂1.4份、分散剂2.5份。
在本实施例中，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度优选为2～4d，长度优选为5～10mm。
在本实施例中，所述二氧化硅优选为纳米二氧化硅。
在本实施例中，所述发泡剂优选为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述减水剂优选为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
在本实施例中，所述稳泡剂优选为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
在本实施例中，所述分散剂优选为聚丙烯酸钠。
本实施例还提供一种所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为64～66％的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大2～3倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
D、逐渐升温至600～650℃，烧制1～2h；然后再升温至980～1020℃，继续烧制3～4h；最后降温至450～500℃，保温1～2h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
实施例2：
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石20份、钠长石20份、二氧化硅28份、凹凸棒黏土14份、铝基膨润土8份、短切玄武岩纤维4份、硅灰石晶须5份、硅酸铝纤维管6份、硅酸铝3份、发泡剂2.5份、稳泡剂1.5份、减水剂1.2份、分散剂2份。
在本实施例中，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度为2～4d，长度为5～10mm。
在本实施例中，所述二氧化硅为纳米二氧化硅。
在本实施例中，所述发泡剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述减水剂为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
在本实施例中，所述稳泡剂为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
在本实施例中，所述分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为64％的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大2倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
D、逐渐升温至600℃，烧制2h；然后再升温至980℃，继续烧制4h；最后降温至450℃，保温2h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
实施例3：
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石28份、钠长石28份、二氧化硅38份、凹凸棒黏土19份、铝基膨润土11份、短切玄武岩纤维6份、硅灰石晶须7份、硅酸铝纤维管8份、硅酸铝4.5份、发泡剂3份、稳泡剂1.7份、减水剂1.6份、分散剂3份。
在本实施例中，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度为2～4d，长度为5～10mm。
在本实施例中，所述二氧化硅为纳米二氧化硅。
在本实施例中，所述发泡剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述减水剂为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
在本实施例中，所述稳泡剂为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
在本实施例中，所述分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为66％的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大3倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
D、逐渐升温至650℃，烧制1h；然后再升温至1020℃，继续烧制3h；最后降温至500℃，保温1h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
实施例4：
一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石24份、钠长石25份、二氧化硅33份、凹凸棒黏土16.5份、铝基膨润土9.5份、短切玄武岩纤维5份、硅灰石晶须6份、硅酸铝纤维管7份、硅酸铝3.8份、发泡剂2.8份、稳泡剂1.6份、减水剂1.4份、分散剂2.5份。
在本实施例中，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度为2～4d，长度为5～10mm。
在本实施例中，所述二氧化硅为纳米二氧化硅。
在本实施例中，所述发泡剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述减水剂为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
在本实施例中，所述稳泡剂为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
在本实施例中，所述分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠。
在本实施例中，所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为65％的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大2.5倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
D、逐渐升温至625℃，烧制1.5h；然后再升温至1000℃，继续烧制3.5h；最后降温至475℃，保温1.5h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
下面对本发明实施例2至实施例4得到的轻质防烫日用陶瓷以及普通日用陶瓷制品进行性能测试，测试结果如表1所示：
表1
从上表可以看出，本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷具有以下优点：密度低，具有良好的轻质特性；导热系数低，隔热效果好，防烫效果好；抗折强度高，力学性能好；吸水率低，完全满足日用陶瓷的使用要求，综合性能好。
此外，本发明的轻质防烫日用陶瓷属于一种无釉坯体，在实际应用中可直接使用，也可以在其表面进行上釉，以使其表面更加光滑，光泽度更好，也更美观，同时可进一步提升其性能，如表面光泽度，耐磨性能等。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石20～28份、钠长石20～28份、二氧化硅28～38份、凹凸棒黏土14～19份、铝基膨润土8～11份、短切玄武岩纤维4～6份、硅灰石晶须5～7份、硅酸铝纤维管6～8份、硅酸铝3～4.5份、发泡剂2.5～3份、稳泡剂1.5～1.7份、减水剂1.2～1.6份、分散剂2～3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
方解石24份、钠长石25份、二氧化硅33份、凹凸棒黏土16.5份、铝基膨润土9.5份、短切玄武岩纤维5份、硅灰石晶须6份、硅酸铝纤维管7份、硅酸铝3.8份、发泡剂2.8份、稳泡剂1.6份、减水剂1.4份、分散剂2.5份。
3.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述短切玄武岩纤维的细度为2～4d，长度为5～10mm。
4.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述二氧化硅为纳米二氧化硅。
5.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述减水剂为FDN-Ⅱ缓凝高效减水剂。
7.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述稳泡剂为羟基封端聚甲基硅油。
8.根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷，其特征在于，所述分散剂为聚丙烯酸钠。
9.一种如权利要求1至2任一项所述的轻质防烫日用陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下列步骤：
A、按重量份分别称取方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、发泡剂、稳泡剂、减水剂、分散剂，备用；
B、将分散剂解于水中，将方解石、钠长石、二氧化硅、凹凸棒黏土、铝基膨润土、短切玄武岩纤维、硅灰石晶须、硅酸铝纤维管、硅酸铝、稳泡剂和减水剂混合后，加入到溶解有分散剂的水中，进行球磨，并调节固含量，形成固含量为64～66%的坯浆；
C、进行除泡，然后将发泡剂加入坯浆中，搅拌混合均匀；然后进行发泡，当发泡体积增大2～3倍时，进行定型得到粗坯；然后经自然阴干，利坯，得到生坯；
逐渐升温至600～650℃，烧制1～2h；然后再升温至980～1020℃，继续烧制3～4h；最后降温至450～500℃，保温1～2h；随炉冷却，得到所述轻质防烫日用陶瓷。
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