CN111975004A - Manufacturing process of cutting pick for coal mining heading machine - Google Patents
Manufacturing process of cutting pick for coal mining heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111975004A CN111975004A CN202010847380.8A CN202010847380A CN111975004A CN 111975004 A CN111975004 A CN 111975004A CN 202010847380 A CN202010847380 A CN 202010847380A CN 111975004 A CN111975004 A CN 111975004A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining heading machine, which comprises the following steps of S1: preparing materials; s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting; s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine; when the material is prepared, 88-90 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 2-3 parts of tantalum carbide, 5-6 parts of cobalt powder, 1-2 parts of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 4-7 parts of titanium nitride, 2-4 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin are selected; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 5-8 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 3-7 mu m; the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, which is designed by the invention, not only ensures that the hard alloy cutting pick has good toughness and hardness, but also can ensure that the hardness and wear resistance required by the product standard can be still maintained after the hard alloy cutting pick is welded and processed at a later stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of processing of hard alloy materials, in particular to a manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining heading machine.
Background
In order to meet the use requirements of machining, die manufacturing and the like and solve the problem that the high fracture toughness and the high hardness of the coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy are difficult to coexist, the twin-crystal hard alloy is often adopted to solve the problem that the toughness of the alloy is ensured by the coarse grain WC, and the wear resistance of the alloy is ensured by the fine grain WC to obtain the coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy with excellent comprehensive performance; the main components of the traditional hard alloy cutting pick are tungsten carbide and cobalt, and the hard alloy cutting pick of the type generally has the problems of poor hardness, insufficient wear resistance and strength and the like; in the process of coal mining and tunneling, under the condition that the address rock stratum is too hard and works for a long time, the hardness and the strength of the address rock stratum are reduced sharply, and the wear resistance and the service life of the cutting pick material are seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining tunneling machine, which not only ensures that the hard alloy cutting pick has good toughness and hardness, but also can ensure that the hardness and wear resistance required by the product standard can be still maintained after the hard alloy cutting pick is subjected to later welding processing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining heading machine, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials;
s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting;
s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine;
in S1, selecting 88-90 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 2-3 parts of tantalum carbide, 5-6 parts of cobalt powder, 1-2 parts of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 4-7 parts of titanium nitride, 2-4 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin by weight; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 5-8 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 3-7 mu m, wherein the content of the first tungsten carbide powder is 67-81% and the content of the second tungsten carbide powder is 19-33% based on 100% of the total weight of the first tungsten carbide powder and the second tungsten carbide powder.
The technical scheme of the invention is further defined as follows:
further, in the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13-23% of titanium carbide, 0.9-2.35% of tantalum carbide and the balance of tungsten carbide.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.53 to 99.58 percent of tungsten carbide and 0.42 to 0.47 percent of chromium.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, the preparation steps of the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution are as follows: tungsten carbide, carbon, titanium dioxide and tantalum carbide are uniformly mixed and heated at the high temperature of 2150-2300 ℃ to prepare the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution compound.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine, the preparation of the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following steps: carbonizing tungsten, carbon and chromium oxide at 1410-1430 deg.c to obtain solid solution of tungsten carbide-chromium.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine, the specific operation of the step S2 is as follows: equally dividing cobalt powder and paraffin into two groups, putting tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, titanium nitride, boron carbide, first tungsten carbide powder, cobalt powder and paraffin into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 33-43 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 10-15;
adding the second tungsten carbide powder and the rest cobalt powder and paraffin, and ball-milling for 11-19 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 11-13 to obtain a mixture.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, before the pressing process, the SBS forming agent is added into the mixture according to the conventional method.
In the manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine, the blank is cooled to 365 ℃ at 360 and 355 ℃ at the cooling speed of 80-90 ℃/s from the final temperature of 845 and 850 ℃ through the rapid cooling process before the pressing process, and is collected at 355 ℃ at 350 and 355 ℃.
The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine comprises the following specific processes of negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering and forced cooling:
negative pressure degreasing: putting the pressed blank into a sintering furnace, closing a furnace door, introducing nitrogen into a furnace cavity, wherein the flow rate of the nitrogen is 33-39L/min, starting heating equipment while introducing the nitrogen, heating to 610-630 ℃ at a heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and keeping the furnace temperature of 610-630 ℃ for degreasing for 2-3 h;
and (3) vacuum sintering: after the negative pressure degreasing is finished, stopping introducing nitrogen into the furnace, continuing heating the furnace at the heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and sintering for 0.5-1h under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa when the temperature is 1050-;
partial pressure sintering: introducing argon into the furnace after vacuum sintering, wherein the flow of the introduced argon is 13-19L/min, then continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 2.5-3.5 ℃/min, and sintering for 3.1-3.3h under the condition of 20-30Kpa when the furnace is heated to 1410-1450 ℃;
forced cooling: after partial pressure sintering, continuously introducing argon with the flow of 13-19L/min into the furnace, then cooling the furnace at the speed of 12-13 ℃/min, and cooling to the temperature of 520-580 ℃ and then cooling to the room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, carbides with two particle sizes are used as raw materials, so that WC crystal grains in an alloy structure are of a non-uniform structure, and a cobalt phase layer filled between WC and WC crystal grains is thinned and distributed more uniformly due to staggered matching of coarse WC and fine WC in the alloy structure, so that the probability of generating a cobalt pool defect in the alloy is reduced;
(2) because the second tungsten carbide powder is single-crystal tungsten carbide particles, the crystal grains are completely crystallized, and the crystal grain structure is not damaged in the ball milling process, the coarse-crystal WC crystal grains formed in the alloy have few defects and uniform grain size, the controllability of the grain size of the hard alloy with a double-crystal structure is ensured, the overall performance of the alloy is improved, and meanwhile, the fracture toughness is more excellent;
(3) in the invention, solid solution and tantalum carbide formed by tungsten carbide and titanium tungsten under the high-temperature heating of 2000-2300 ℃ are added, and tungsten carbide powder with smaller granularity is selected, so that the red hardness, wear resistance, high-temperature strength and other properties of the hard alloy tool bit are improved; the hard alloy cutting pick has good toughness and hardness, and can still maintain the hardness and wear resistance required by the product standard after later welding processing;
(4) according to the characteristic that paraffin is dissolved in alcohol at the temperature higher than the melting point, the paraffin is mixed into the hard alloy mixture for molding, so that impurities contained in the solvent are prevented from being mixed, the production cost is reduced, and the quality of the hard alloy wet-grinding mixture is improved;
(5) according to the invention, the content of W in the binding phase is effectively controlled by adopting a forced cooling process, and an integrated furnace sintering process combining negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering and partial pressure sintering is adopted, so that the problems of long removal time, more degreasing cracks, difficulty in controlling carbon content, high porosity and the like of the traditional forming agent are solved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials;
s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting;
s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine;
s1, selecting 88 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 5 parts of cobalt powder, 1 part of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 5 parts of titanium nitride, 2 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin according to parts by weight; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 5 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 7 mu m, wherein the content of the first tungsten carbide powder is 71 percent and the content of the second tungsten carbide powder is 29 percent, wherein the sum of the weights of the first tungsten carbide powder and the second tungsten carbide powder is 100 percent;
the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 17% of titanium carbide, 1.15% of tantalum carbide and the balance of tungsten carbide; the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.53 percent of tungsten carbide and 0.47 percent of chromium;
the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing tungsten carbide, carbon, titanium dioxide and tantalum carbide, and heating at the high temperature of 2150 ℃ to prepare a tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution compound; the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following steps: carbonizing tungsten, carbon and chromium oxide at 1430 deg.c to obtain solid solution of tungsten carbide-chromium;
the specific operation of step S2 is: equally dividing cobalt powder and paraffin into two groups, putting tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, titanium nitride, boron carbide, first tungsten carbide powder, cobalt powder and paraffin into a ball mill in each group, and ball-milling for 43 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 11;
adding second tungsten carbide powder and the rest cobalt powder and paraffin, and ball-milling for 19 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 11 to obtain a mixture; before the pressing procedure, adding SBS forming agent into the mixture according to the conventional method; the blank is cooled to 360 ℃ from the final temperature of 845 ℃ by a rapid cooling process before the pressing process at the cooling speed of 90 ℃/s and is collected at 355 ℃.
The specific processes of negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering and forced cooling in the embodiment are as follows:
negative pressure degreasing: putting the pressed blank into a sintering furnace, closing a furnace door, introducing nitrogen into a furnace cavity, starting heating equipment while introducing the nitrogen, heating to 610 ℃ at a heating speed of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the furnace temperature of 610 ℃ for degreasing for 2 hours;
and (3) vacuum sintering: after the negative pressure degreasing is finished, stopping introducing nitrogen into the furnace, continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 5 ℃/min, and sintering for 1h under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa when the temperature is up to 1050 ℃;
partial pressure sintering: introducing argon into the furnace after vacuum sintering, wherein the flow of the introduced argon is 13L/min, then continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 3.5 ℃/min, and sintering for 3.1h under the condition of 30Kpa when heating to 1410 ℃;
forced cooling: and (3) continuously introducing argon with the flow of 13L/min into the furnace after the partial pressure sintering, cooling the inside of the furnace at the speed of 13 ℃/min, and cooling to the room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min when the temperature is cooled to 580 ℃.
The cutting pick manufactured by the embodiment has the following performance parameters:
density: 16.85g/cm3；
Rockwell hardness: 88.6 HRA;
coercive force: 4.5 kA/m;
bending strength: 4600 Mpa;
porosity: a02, B00;
average grain size: not less than 6.0.
Example 2
The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials;
s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting;
s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine;
in S1, selecting 90 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 2 parts of tantalum carbide, 6 parts of cobalt powder, 2 parts of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 7 parts of titanium nitride, 3 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin by mass; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the particle size of 6 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the particle size of 4 mu m, wherein the content of the first tungsten carbide powder is 81 percent and the content of the second tungsten carbide powder is 19 percent, wherein the sum of the weights of the first tungsten carbide powder and the second tungsten carbide powder is 100 percent;
the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 19% of titanium carbide, 1.75% of tantalum carbide and the balance of tungsten carbide; the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.58% of tungsten carbide and 0.42% of chromium;
the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing tungsten carbide, carbon, titanium dioxide and tantalum carbide, and heating at the high temperature of 2300 ℃ to prepare a tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution compound; the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following steps: carbonizing tungsten, carbon and chromium oxide at 1410 deg.C to obtain tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution;
the specific operation of step S2 is: equally dividing cobalt powder and paraffin into two groups, putting tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, titanium nitride, boron carbide, first tungsten carbide powder, cobalt powder and paraffin into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 33 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 15;
adding second tungsten carbide powder and the rest cobalt powder and paraffin, and ball-milling for 13 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 12 to obtain a mixture; before the pressing procedure, adding SBS forming agent into the mixture according to the conventional method; the blank is cooled to 365 ℃ from the final temperature of 850 ℃ by a rapid cooling process before the pressing process, and is collected at 350 ℃.
The specific processes of negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering and forced cooling in the embodiment are as follows:
negative pressure degreasing: putting the pressed blank into a sintering furnace, closing a furnace door, introducing nitrogen into a furnace cavity, starting heating equipment while introducing the nitrogen, heating to 630 ℃ at a heating speed of 3 ℃/min, and keeping the furnace temperature of 630 ℃ for degreasing for 3 hours;
and (3) vacuum sintering: after the negative pressure degreasing is finished, stopping introducing nitrogen into the furnace, continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 3 ℃/min, and sintering for 0.5h under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa when the temperature is increased to 1150 ℃;
partial pressure sintering: introducing argon into the furnace after vacuum sintering, wherein the flow of the introduced argon is 19L/min, then continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 2.5 ℃/min, and sintering for 3.3h under the condition of 20Kpa when the temperature is heated to 1450 ℃;
forced cooling: and (3) continuously introducing argon with the flow of 13L/min into the furnace after the partial pressure sintering, cooling the furnace at the speed of 13 ℃/min, and cooling to the room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min when the temperature is cooled to 520 ℃.
The cutting pick manufactured by the embodiment has the following performance parameters:
density: 17.02g/cm3；
Rockwell hardness: 91.5 HRA;
coercive force: 4.9 kA/m;
bending strength: 4650 MPa;
porosity: a02, B00;
average grain size: not less than 6.0.
Example 3
The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials;
s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting;
s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine;
in S1, selecting 89 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 3 parts of tantalum carbide, 5 parts of cobalt powder, 1 part of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 6 parts of titanium nitride, 3 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin according to parts by mass; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the particle size of 7 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the particle size of 3 mu m, wherein the content of the first tungsten carbide powder is 77 percent and the content of the second tungsten carbide powder is 23 percent, wherein the sum of the weights of the first tungsten carbide powder and the second tungsten carbide powder is 100 percent;
the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 19% of titanium carbide, 1.95% of tantalum carbide and the balance of tungsten carbide; the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.55% of tungsten carbide and 0.45% of chromium;
the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing tungsten carbide, carbon, titanium dioxide and tantalum carbide, and heating at 2250 ℃ to prepare a tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution compound; the preparation method of the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following steps: carbonizing tungsten, carbon and chromium oxide at 1425 deg.C to obtain tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution;
the specific operation of step S2 is: equally dividing cobalt powder and paraffin into two groups, putting tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, titanium nitride, boron carbide, first tungsten carbide powder, cobalt powder and paraffin into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 39 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 13;
adding second tungsten carbide powder and the rest cobalt powder and paraffin, and ball-milling for 17 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 13 to obtain a mixture; before the pressing procedure, adding SBS forming agent into the mixture according to the conventional method; the blank is cooled to 363 ℃ from the final temperature of 848 ℃ by a rapid cooling process before the pressing process at the cooling speed of 86 ℃/s and collected at 353 ℃.
The specific processes of negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering and forced cooling in the embodiment are as follows:
negative pressure degreasing: putting the pressed blank into a sintering furnace, closing a furnace door, introducing nitrogen into a furnace cavity, starting heating equipment while introducing the nitrogen, heating to 625 ℃ at a heating speed of 4 ℃/min, and keeping the furnace temperature of 625 ℃ for degreasing for 3 hours;
and (3) vacuum sintering: after the negative pressure degreasing is finished, stopping introducing nitrogen into the furnace, continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 4 ℃/min, and sintering for 0.8h under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa when the temperature is 1100 ℃;
partial pressure sintering: introducing argon into the furnace after vacuum sintering, wherein the flow of the introduced argon is 17L/min, then continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 3.1 ℃/min, and sintering for 3.1h under the condition of 25Kpa when the furnace is heated to 1430 ℃;
forced cooling: and after partial pressure sintering, continuously introducing argon with the flow of 17L/min into the furnace, then cooling the furnace at the speed of 13 ℃/min, and cooling to 550 ℃ and then cooling to room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min.
The cutting pick manufactured by the embodiment has the following performance parameters:
density: 16.95g/cm3；
Rockwell hardness: 90.5 HRA;
coercive force: 4.7 kA/m;
bending strength: 4630 MPa;
porosity: a02, B00;
average grain size: not less than 6.0.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining heading machine comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing materials;
s2: mixing the materials for nodular casting;
s3: putting the mixed material into a grinding machine for mixed grinding, pressing, quick cooling, negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering, forced cooling and surface treatment to obtain a cutting pick for the coal mining heading machine;
the preparation method is characterized in that 88-90 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 2-3 parts of tantalum carbide, 5-6 parts of cobalt powder, 1-2 parts of tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, 0.5 part of tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, 4-7 parts of titanium nitride, 2-4 parts of boron carbide and 1 part of paraffin are selected according to parts by mass in S1; the tungsten carbide powder comprises a first tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 5-8 mu m and a second tungsten carbide powder with the granularity of 3-7 mu m, wherein the content of the first tungsten carbide powder is 67-81% and the content of the second tungsten carbide powder is 19-33% based on 100% of the sum of the weight of the first tungsten carbide powder and the second tungsten carbide powder.
2. The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 13-23% of titanium carbide, 0.9-2.35% of tantalum carbide and the balance of tungsten carbide.
3. The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 99.53 to 99.58 percent of tungsten carbide and 0.42 to 0.47 percent of chromium.
4. A process for manufacturing a cutting pick for a coal mining tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution is prepared by the steps of: tungsten carbide, carbon, titanium dioxide and tantalum carbide are uniformly mixed and heated at the high temperature of 2150-2300 ℃ to prepare the tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution compound.
5. The manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein the preparation step of the tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution is: carbonizing tungsten, carbon and chromium oxide at 1410-1430 deg.c to obtain solid solution of tungsten carbide-chromium.
6. The manufacturing process of a pick for a coal-winning machine according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation of the step S2 is: equally dividing cobalt powder and paraffin into two groups, putting tantalum carbide, tungsten carbide-titanium carbide-tantalum carbide solid solution, tungsten carbide-chromium solid solution, titanium nitride, boron carbide, first tungsten carbide powder, cobalt powder and paraffin into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 33-43 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 10-15;
adding the second tungsten carbide powder and the rest cobalt powder and paraffin, and ball-milling for 11-19 hours by adopting a ball-to-material ratio of 11-13 to obtain a mixture.
7. The manufacturing process of a cutting pick for a coal mining tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein prior to the pressing step, SBS forming agent is added to the mixture by a conventional method.
8. The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blank is cooled to 365 ℃ at 360 ℃ and 355 ℃ at a cooling speed of 80-90 ℃/s from 850 ℃ at 845 ℃ and 355 ℃ by a rapid cooling process before the pressing process.
9. The manufacturing process of the cutting pick for the coal mining tunneling machine according to claim 8, wherein the specific processes of negative pressure degreasing, vacuum sintering, partial pressure sintering and forced cooling are as follows:
negative pressure degreasing: putting the pressed blank into a sintering furnace, closing a furnace door, introducing nitrogen into a furnace cavity, wherein the flow rate of the nitrogen is 33-39L/min, starting heating equipment while introducing the nitrogen, heating to 610-630 ℃ at a heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and keeping the furnace temperature of 610-630 ℃ for degreasing for 2-3 h;
and (3) vacuum sintering: after the negative pressure degreasing is finished, stopping introducing nitrogen into the furnace, continuing heating the furnace at the heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, and sintering for 0.5-1h under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than 20KPa when the temperature is 1050-;
partial pressure sintering: introducing argon into the furnace after vacuum sintering, wherein the flow of the introduced argon is 13-19L/min, then continuously heating the furnace at the heating speed of 2.5-3.5 ℃/min, and sintering for 3.1-3.3h under the condition of 20-30Kpa when the furnace is heated to 1410-1450 ℃;
forced cooling: after partial pressure sintering, continuously introducing argon with the flow of 13-19L/min into the furnace, then cooling the furnace at the speed of 12-13 ℃/min, and cooling to the temperature of 520-580 ℃ and then cooling to the room temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min.
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