CN111974139A - Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment - Google Patents

Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111974139A
CN111974139A CN201910838073.0A CN201910838073A CN111974139A CN 111974139 A CN111974139 A CN 111974139A CN 201910838073 A CN201910838073 A CN 201910838073A CN 111974139 A CN111974139 A CN 111974139A
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China
Prior art keywords
dust
smoke
gas
pipeline
selective laser
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Pending
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CN201910838073.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
白培康
赵文杰
赵占勇
李晓峰
王宇
刘斌
王建宏
李玉新
李忠华
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North University of China
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North University of China
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Priority to CN201910838073.0A priority Critical patent/CN111974139A/en
Publication of CN111974139A publication Critical patent/CN111974139A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing equipment, and particularly relates to an instant dust collection device of selective laser melting forming equipment, which comprises a smoke and dust exhaust pipe, a universal connecting arm, a pipe type inertia dust collector, an accelerating fan, an array type smoke dust filter, a circulating gas inlet and a gas circulating pipeline, wherein the universal connecting arm is arranged on the inner side wall of a forming chamber and is fixed with the smoke and dust exhaust pipe, a gas flow inlet of the pipe type inertia dust collector is connected with the accelerating fan through a pipeline, a gas flow inlet of the array type smoke dust filter is connected with a gas flow outlet of the pipe type inertia dust collector, a gas outlet of the array type smoke dust filter is connected with the circulating gas inlet, and the circulating gas inlet is connected with the gas circulating pipeline to form a circulating loop. The invention realizes the instant removal of metal smoke dust in the forming chamber in the selective laser melting forming process by arranging devices for dust collection, dust removal, gas circulation and the like, effectively avoids the influence of the smoke dust on the quality of metal printing products in the printing process, and simultaneously recycles the protective gas in the forming chamber, thereby playing the role of saving cost.

Description

Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing equipment, and particularly relates to an instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment.
Background
The selective laser melting technology is a new metal forming technology, has the characteristics of accurate forming size, excellent mechanical property of a formed product, no influence of the structural complexity of parts and the like, and therefore has attracted much attention. Through years of research and development, parts manufactured by the selective laser melting technology can meet the use requirements of the industries of aerospace, biomedicine, automobile parts and the like and are widely applied.
When the selective laser melting equipment works, the metal powder is completely melted by using a high-energy laser beam, and then the metal powder is rapidly cooled and formed. But metal powder can produce a large amount of smoke and dust when melting in the forming process, and the impurity volume in the smoke and dust is great moreover, and a large amount of solid impurity can fall 3D under the action of gravity and print the goods surface, when spreading the powder scanning next time, impurity will be mixed with in the metal solidification process gets into 3D and prints the goods in, becomes metal and prints goods internal defect, seriously influences the performance that the metal printed the goods. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device capable of removing the smoke impurities in real time to ensure the quality of the selective laser melting printed product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge pipe, a universal connecting arm, a pipe type inertia dust collector, an accelerating fan, an array type smoke and dust filter, a circulating gas inlet and a gas circulating pipeline, and is characterized in that the universal connecting arm is arranged on the inner side wall of a forming chamber, is fixed with the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe and is positioned below the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe, the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe is driven by the universal connecting arm to finish movement, the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge opening, a smoke and dust rotational flow pipeline, an inclined air deflector arranged inside the smoke and dust outer discharge opening and a spiral air deflector arranged inside the smoke and dust rotational flow pipeline, the smoke and dust outer discharge opening is arranged at one end of the rotational flow smoke and dust pipeline, one end of the accelerating fan is connected with the other end of the smoke and dust rotational flow pipeline through a pipeline, and a, the gas inlet of the array type smoke dust filter is connected with the airflow outlet of the pipe type inertia dust collector, the gas outlet of the array type smoke dust filter is connected with the circulating gas inlet, the circulating gas inlet is connected with the gas circulating pipeline to form a circulating loop, and the dedusted gas is introduced into the forming chamber again.
The smoke and dust outer discharge pipe also comprises a high-speed camera and a temperature sensor which are arranged below the smoke and dust outer discharge port.
The universal connecting arm consists of 8 reconstructed universal joints, a first universal joint and a second universal joint are connected with the cross-shaped rotating shaft through bearings, a first corner gear and a third corner gear are fixedly connected with the cross-shaped rotating shaft, a first stepping motor and a second stepping motor are respectively fixed on the side walls of the first universal joint and the second universal joint, the second corner gear is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the first stepping motor, and a fourth corner gear is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the second stepping motor; the first corner gear and the second corner gear are meshed with each other, the two gears are perpendicular to each other, the third corner gear and the fourth corner gear are meshed with each other, the two gears are perpendicular to each other, the left end of the first universal joint is fixed on the inner wall of the forming chamber, the right end of the second universal joint and the left end of the third universal joint are fixed in a welding mode, and the connection mode of the universal joints 3-8 is the same as that of the universal joints 1-3.
The tobacco pipe type inertial dust collector is internally provided with a plurality of guide plates parallel to the airflow direction and a baffle plate perpendicular to the airflow direction, and further comprises an airflow inlet, a dust particle outlet and an airflow outlet.
The accelerating fan adopts an axial flow fan, the rotating speed is adjusted according to the actual working environment, and the acceleration of the airflow containing smoke dust can be completed.
The array type smoke dust filter is characterized in that 13 cylindrical mesh bags are arranged inside the array type smoke dust filter, the material is FMS (fully-mechanized spinning system) needle felt, the mesh size is 20-40 mu m, and the array type smoke dust filter further comprises a gas inlet, a conical material collector, a spiral conveyor and a gas outlet.
The working principle is as follows: in the process of forming a metal product by adopting a selective laser melting technology, a large amount of waste smoke dust is generated along with laser scanning, and the universal connecting arms can be moved to the positions above the smoke dust at any time by accurately controlling the rotation angle of the stepping motor on each universal joint through a computer, so that the smoke dust generated in the printing process is discharged and purified through a smoke dust cyclone pipeline fixed above the universal connecting arms; when an accelerating fan arranged in the device works, negative pressure can be formed in the smoke dust cyclone pipeline, smoke dust can automatically enter the smoke dust cyclone pipeline, then spiral forward airflow is formed under the action of a spiral air deflector, the airflow speed of the smoke dust is greatly improved after passing through the accelerating fan, the smoke dust enters a pipe type inertial dust collector at a high speed, and when protective gas containing smoke dust particles rushes to a baffle plate at a high speed, solid particles in the protective gas collide to the baffle plate under the action of inertia and then fall down, and then the protective gas is discharged from a dust particle outlet; and (4) introducing the protective gas discharged from the pipe type inertial dust collector into an array type smoke dust filter for secondary dust removal. The gas flow enters from the gas inlet of the array type smoke dust filter and is discharged from the gas outlet, in the process, the protective gas is filtered by the FMS needle felt net bag, particles obtained by filtering fall into the conical material collector and are discharged by the screw conveyor, and the filtered gas is discharged from the gas outlet and enters the gas circulation pipeline through the gas circulation inlet to enter the forming chamber again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe is fixed by designing the universal connecting arm capable of controlling the direction, and the inlet of the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe can extend to any direction in the forming chamber under the control of a computer, so that the real-time treatment of the printing smoke and dust is realized;
(2) the high-speed camera and the temperature sensor are arranged below the smoke dust exhaust port, so that the metal printing condition can be monitored in real time;
(3) the method of filtering smoke dust by stages is adopted to realize high-efficiency gas-solid separation, and the filtered protective gas is introduced into the forming chamber again to play a role of recycling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention
In the figure, 1, a smoke and dust exhaust pipe; 2. a universal connecting arm; 3. a pipe type inertial dust collector; 4. accelerating the fan; 5. an array type soot filter; 6. a recycle gas inlet; 7. gas circulation pipeline
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the smoke exhaust pipe
In the figure, 1.1, a spiral air deflector; 1.2, a high-speed camera and a temperature sensor; 1.3, an inclined air deflector; 1.4, a smoke dust outlet; 1.5 smoke dust cyclone pipeline
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gimbal connection structure of a gimbal connection arm
In the figure, 2.1 is a first universal joint; 2.11, a first stepping motor; 2.12, a corner gear I; 2.13, a corner gear II; 2.14, a cross-shaped rotating shaft; 2.2, a second universal joint; 2.21, a second stepping motor; 2.22, a corner gear III; 2.23 corner gear four
FIG. 4 is an assembled schematic view of a gimbal arm
In the figure, 2.1 is a first universal joint; 2.2, a second universal joint; 2.3, a universal joint III; 2.4, universal joint four; 2.5, a universal joint V;
2.6, a universal joint six; 2.7, a universal joint seven; 2.8 Universal Joint eight
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pipe type inertial dust collector
In the figure, 3.1, the gas flow inlet; 3.2, a guide plate; 3.3, a dust particle outlet; 3.4, a material baffle plate; 3.5 airflow outlet
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an array soot filter
In the figure, 5.1, gas inlet; 5.2, a conical material collector; 5.3, a screw conveyer; 5.4, needling a felt mesh bag by FMS; 5.5, gas outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of the present invention.
An instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1, a universal connecting arm 2, a pipe type inertia dust collector 3, an accelerating fan 4, an array type smoke and dust filter 5, a circulating gas inlet 6 and a gas circulating pipeline 7, wherein the universal connecting arm 2 is installed on the inner side wall of a forming chamber, is fixed with the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1 and is positioned below the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1, the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1 comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge port 1.4, a smoke and dust cyclone pipeline 1.5, an inclined air deflector 1.3 arranged inside the smoke and dust outer discharge port 1.4 and a spiral air deflector 1.1 arranged inside the smoke and dust cyclone pipeline, the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1 is driven by the universal connecting arm 2 to complete movement, the smoke and dust outer discharge port 1.4 is installed at one end of the smoke and dust cyclone pipeline 1.5, one end of the accelerating fan 4 is connected with the other end of the smoke and dust cyclone pipeline 1.5 through a pipeline, an airflow inlet 3.1 of the pipe type, the gas inlet 5.1 of the array type smoke and dust filter 5 is connected with the gas flow outlet 3.5 of the pipe type inertia dust collector 3, the gas outlet of the array type smoke and dust filter 5 is connected with the circulating gas inlet 6, the circulating gas inlet 6 is connected with the gas circulating pipeline 7, and the dedusted protective gas enters the forming chamber again through the gas circulating pipeline 7 to form a circulating loop.
The smoke and dust outer discharge pipe 1 further comprises a high-speed camera and a temperature sensor 1.2 which are arranged below the smoke and dust outer discharge port 1.4 and used for monitoring the printing process.
The universal connecting arm 2 consists of 8 improved universal joints, and the first universal joint 2.1 and the second universal joint 2.2 are connected with the cross-shaped rotating shaft 2.14 through bearings; the first corner gear 2.12 and the third corner gear 2.22 are fixedly connected with the cross rotating shaft 2.14; the first stepping motor 2.11 and the second stepping motor 2.21 are respectively fixed on the side walls of the first universal joint 2.1 and the second universal joint 2.2; the second corner gear 2.13 is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the first stepping motor 2.11, and the fourth corner gear 2.23 is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the second stepping motor 2.21; the corner gear I2.12 and the corner gear II 2.13 are meshed with each other, and the two gears are perpendicular to each other; the corner gear III 2.22 and the corner gear IV 2.23 are mutually meshed, and the two gears are mutually vertical; the left end of the first universal joint 2.1 is fixed on the inner wall of the forming chamber, the right end of the second universal joint 2.2 and the left end of the third universal joint 2.3 are fixed in a welding mode, and the connection mode of the universal joints 3-8 is the same as that of the universal joints 1-3; when the first stepping motor 2.11 drives the second corner gear 2.13 to rotate, the first corner gear 2.12 rotates along with the rotation and drives the cross rotating shaft 2.14 to rotate, the second universal joint 2.2 can rotate, the second stepping motor 2.21 fixed on the side wall of the second universal joint 2.2 drives the fourth corner gear 2.23 to rotate when rotating, the second universal joint 2.2 rotates around the third corner gear 2.22, and the movement principle of the universal joints 3-8 is the same as that of the universal joints 1-3.
The pipe type inertial dust collector 3 is internally provided with a plurality of guide plates 3.2 parallel to the airflow direction and a baffle plate 3.4 perpendicular to the airflow direction, and further comprises an airflow inlet 3.1, a dust particle outlet 3.3 and an airflow outlet 3.5.
The accelerating fan 4 is an axial flow fan, the rotating speed is adjusted according to the actual working environment, and the acceleration of the airflow containing smoke dust can be completed.
13 FMS needle felt mesh bags 5.4 are arranged inside the array type smoke dust filter 5, and a conical material collector 5.2 used for collecting impurities and a spiral conveyor 5.3 used for discharging the impurities are arranged below the array type smoke dust filter.
The working principle is as follows: in the process of forming metal products by adopting a selective laser melting technology, a large amount of waste smoke dust is generated along with laser scanning, the universal connecting arms can be moved to the positions above the smoke dust at any time by accurately controlling the rotation angle of the stepping motor on each universal joint through a computer, the smoke dust generated in the printing process is discharged and purified through the smoke dust cyclone pipeline 1.5 fixed above the universal connecting arms 2, negative pressure can be formed inside the smoke dust cyclone pipeline 1.5 when the accelerating fan 4 arranged inside the device works, the smoke dust can automatically enter the smoke dust cyclone pipeline, and then under the action of the spiral air deflector 1.1, air flow advancing in a spiral manner is formed. After smoke and dust pass through the accelerating fan 4, the air flow speed is greatly improved, the smoke and dust enter the pipe type inertia dust collector 3 at a high speed, and when protective gas containing smoke and dust particles rushes to the baffle plate 3.4 at a high speed, solid particles in the protective gas collide to the baffle plate 3.4 under the action of inertia and fall down, and then the smoke and dust are discharged from a dust particle outlet; the protective gas discharged from the pipe type inertia dust collector 3 enters the array type smoke dust filter 5 for secondary dust removal. The gas flow enters from a gas inlet 5.1 of the array type smoke dust filter 5 and is discharged from a gas outlet 5.5, in the process, the protective gas is filtered by an FMS needle felt mesh bag 5.4, particles obtained by filtering fall into a conical collector 5.2 and are discharged by a screw conveyer 5.3, and the filtered gas is discharged from the gas outlet 5.4 and enters a gas circulation pipeline 7 through a gas circulation inlet 6 to enter a forming chamber again.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge pipe (1), a universal connecting arm (2), a pipe type inertia dust collector (3), an accelerating fan (4), an array type smoke and dust filter (5), a circulating gas inlet (6) and a gas circulating pipeline (7), and is characterized in that the universal connecting arm (2) is installed on the inner side wall of a forming chamber, is fixed with the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe (1) and is positioned below the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe (1), the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe (1) is driven by the universal connecting arm (2) to finish movement, the smoke and dust outer discharge pipe (1) comprises a smoke and dust outer discharge port (1.4), a rotational flow smoke and dust pipeline (1.5), an inclined air deflector (1.3) arranged inside the smoke and dust outer discharge port (1.4) and a spiral air deflector (1.3) arranged inside the smoke and dust rotational flow pipeline (1.5), the smoke and dust outer discharge port (1.4) is installed at one end of the rotational flow pipeline (, one end of the accelerating fan (4) is connected with the other end of a smoke cyclone pipeline (1.5) of the smoke outer discharge pipe (1) through a pipeline, an airflow inlet (3.1) of the smoke pipe type inertial dust collector (3) is connected with the other end of the accelerating fan (4), an airflow inlet (5.1) of the array type smoke filter (5) is connected with an airflow outlet (3.5) of the smoke pipe type inertial dust collector (3), an airflow outlet (5.5) of the array type smoke filter (5) is connected with the circulating gas inlet (6), the circulating gas inlet (6) is connected with a gas circulating pipeline (7) to form a circulating loop, and the dedusted gas is introduced into the forming chamber again;
A plurality of rows of guide plates (3.2) parallel to the airflow direction and baffle plates (3.4) perpendicular to the airflow direction are arranged in the smoke pipe type inertial dust collector (3);
the array type smoke dust filter (5) is internally provided with 13 vertically-arranged cylindrical mesh bags (5.4).
2. The instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the universal connecting arm (2) is composed of 8 modified universal joints, and the first universal joint (2.1) and the second universal joint (2.2) are connected with the cross-shaped rotating shaft (2.14) through bearings; the corner gear I (2.12) and the corner gear III (2.22) are fixedly connected with the cross rotating shaft (2.14); the first stepping motor (2.11) and the second stepping motor (2.21) are respectively fixed on the side walls of the first universal joint (2.1) and the second universal joint (2.2); a second corner gear (2.13) is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the first stepping motor (2.11), and a fourth corner gear (2.23) is fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft of the second stepping motor (2.21); the corner gear I (2.12) and the corner gear II (2.13) are meshed with each other, and the two gears are perpendicular to each other; the corner gear III (2.22) and the corner gear IV (2.23) are meshed with each other, the two gears are perpendicular to each other, the left end of the universal joint I (2.1) is fixed on the inner wall of the forming chamber, the right end of the universal joint II (2.2) and the left end of the universal joint III (2.3) are fixed in a welding mode, and the connection mode of the universal joints 3-8 (2.3-2.8) is the same as that of the universal joints 1-3 (2.1-2.3).
3. The instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that a high-speed camera and a temperature sensor (1.2) are arranged below the smoke outlet (1.4).
4. The instant dust collecting apparatus of a selective laser melting forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pipe type inertial dust collector (3) further comprises an air flow inlet (3.1), a dust particle outlet (3.3) and an air flow outlet (3.5).
5. The instant dust collector of selective laser melting forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the accelerating fan (4) is an axial flow extension.
6. The instant dust collecting apparatus of a selective laser melting molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a conical collector (5.2) for collecting impurities and a screw conveyor (5.3) for discharging impurities are installed below the arrayed soot filter.
7. The instant dust collecting device of selective laser melting forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical mesh bag (5.4) is made of FMS needle felt, and the mesh size is 20 μm to 40 μm.
CN201910838073.0A 2019-09-05 2019-09-05 Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment Pending CN111974139A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910838073.0A CN111974139A (en) 2019-09-05 2019-09-05 Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910838073.0A CN111974139A (en) 2019-09-05 2019-09-05 Instant dust collecting device for selective laser forming equipment

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CN111974139A true CN111974139A (en) 2020-11-24

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103055610A (en) * 2013-01-22 2013-04-24 黄石市建材节能设备总厂 Inertia gravity dust collector
CN103272444A (en) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-04 华南理工大学 Gas cycle purification device for sealed shaping room
CN106335588A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-18 浙江栋马童车股份有限公司 Chained steering shaft
CN107972267A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-05-01 芜湖天梦信息科技有限公司 A kind of purifier of 3D printer
CN209256087U (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-08-16 深圳特朗商实业有限公司 Reduce the equipment and laser marking system of laser marking soot emissions object

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103055610A (en) * 2013-01-22 2013-04-24 黄石市建材节能设备总厂 Inertia gravity dust collector
CN103272444A (en) * 2013-05-16 2013-09-04 华南理工大学 Gas cycle purification device for sealed shaping room
CN106335588A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-18 浙江栋马童车股份有限公司 Chained steering shaft
CN107972267A (en) * 2017-09-26 2018-05-01 芜湖天梦信息科技有限公司 A kind of purifier of 3D printer
CN209256087U (en) * 2018-09-28 2019-08-16 深圳特朗商实业有限公司 Reduce the equipment and laser marking system of laser marking soot emissions object

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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3D科学谷编著: "《陶瓷企业废气处理技术及典型案例》", 30 September 2017, 北京:中国建材工业出版社 *

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