CN111971501B - 管道组件和安装方法 - Google Patents
管道组件和安装方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111971501B CN111971501B CN201980010368.7A CN201980010368A CN111971501B CN 111971501 B CN111971501 B CN 111971501B CN 201980010368 A CN201980010368 A CN 201980010368A CN 111971501 B CN111971501 B CN 111971501B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- chain
- assembly
- buoyancy
- conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/123—Devices for the protection of pipes under water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/16—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water on the bottom
- F16L1/163—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water on the bottom by varying the apparent weight of the pipe during the laying operation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/16—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water on the bottom
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
- F16L1/202—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights fixed on or to vessels
- F16L1/205—Pipe-laying ships
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
- F16L1/202—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights fixed on or to vessels
- F16L1/207—Pipe handling apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
- F16L1/24—Floats; Weights
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于安装非金属管道组件的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:通过将承载构件和配重联接至非金属管来形成管组件;然后使管组件靠近水面漂浮直到就位;允许管组件下沉至海床。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及碳氢化合物的运输、特别是针对近海使用的碳氢化合物的运输。特别地,本发明涉及用于所述运输的管道系统以及在近海条件下安装所述管道的装置。
背景技术
用于近海使用的管道通常是金属的,这在海洋环境中将限制系统的寿命。在使用过程中,阴极保护对于保持管道的完整性至关重要。然而,阴极保护并不是绝对可靠的,如果牺牲阳极的一部分在单个区域中失效,随之而来的腐蚀可能会导致整个管道的严重损坏。
非腐蚀性材料、比如非金属管(NMP)通常由于各种原因而不合适,这些原因包括具有类似于水的比重的固有问题以及因此由于相对浮力而使得安装困难。
发明内容
在第一方面,本发明提供了一种用于安装海底管组件的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:通过将承载构件和配重联接至非金属管而形成管组件;然后使管组件靠近水面漂浮直到就位;允许管组件下沉至海床。
在第二方面,本发明提供了一种管组件,该管组件包括:管,该管具有沿所述管的长度联接的承载构件,所述承载构件布置成用以接收足以将管组件拉动穿过水的拉伸力;配重,该配重沿着管的长度联接,所述配重布置成用以增大管组件的比重。
通过提供承载构件来支撑用于安装的拉伸应力,允许使用强度较低的材料,比如NMP。此外,配重的使用解决了NMP的浮力问题。因此,这两个关键特征允许将NMP用于近海管道,这在先前是无法实现的。
在一个实施方式中,承载构件和配重可以设置在单个元件、比如链条中。链条可以安装至NMP并支撑施加的拉伸安装载荷。一旦就位,链条就可以用作配重以允许将管放置在海床上,其中,链条的重量可以克服NMP的浮力。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的管道的示意图;
图2A至图2C是根据本发明的另一实施方式的管道的安装的平面顺序图;
图3是根据本发明的另一实施方式的管道的安装的正视图。
具体实施方式
尽管本发明适用于从近海到海岸线的任何安装场所,但以下示例将参考钻井平台。
图1示出了安装后的管道5的示意图,该管道5横跨在第一平台10与第二平台15之间。该管道包括两种不同类型的构造的管、即热塑性复合管(TCP)40与增强热塑性塑料管(RTP)50形成连接45。
第一平台10包括端部配装件和悬挂件20、25,管安装至该端部配件和悬挂件20、25。从每个钻井平台10、15设置I型管30、60,以引导管并使管指向钻井平台的基部,从而使管横放在海床上。为了在管从I型管中的大致竖向位置移动到铺设在海床上的水平位置时获得正确的曲率,还设置了弯曲限制器35、55,从而控制从钻井平台的每个钻井平台引出的管的取向。
管道安装的特征涉及使用链条作为已组装管道的承载部件。链条以承受安装期间施加的拉伸载荷的方式联接到管道,使得链条和管的组件被拉动到适当位置。
一旦就位,则链条用作配重来抵消管的浮力,以确保管安置在海床上。为此,配重用于确保管组件具有明显大于1.0的比重。这种承载构件和配重的特征的组合对于允许将非金属材料用于近海管而言至关重要。如所讨论的,金属管在近海应用中存在固有缺陷,但是在没有可行的替代方案的情况下,金属管已成为首选材料。
应当理解的是,作为与管联接并在管被拉动到适当位置时承受拉伸载荷的构件,承载构件可以是与配重不同的元件。因此,配重可以是重的且相对便宜的材料、比如混凝土,其中,承载构件是可以选择性地从管中释放出来以再利用的缆索。
然而,在图2A至图2C和图3的实施方式中,既用作承载构件又用作配重的链条的简单性和易用性提供了实质性的优点。
参考图2A至图2C,示出了一种安装方法,其中,船坞70可以包括具有起重机100和平台80的码头75。码头75和平台80用作安装地点,其中,链条110的长度联接至管95。当管和链条被组装在一起时,将它们引导穿过斜槽95并附接至船85,该船85将管/链条组件90逐渐从码头75抽出115。
随着管90的额外长度被抽出115,可以利用稳定艇125来稳定管的长度并附接浮力罐120以使管保持为漂浮状态直到被正确定位。
如图2C中所看到的,在管道90完成时,第二船联接至管道90的新组装端部,并且各船一起将管道引导至期望的位置。
图3示出了安装方法的示意图。管组件靠近水面漂浮直到就位。一旦管道140已被适当地定位,则浮力罐被移除并且管组件被允许下沉。承运船135、150、160通过每条船上的缆索155逐渐降低具有配重链条140的管组件。具有配重链条的管道140可以进一步包括附加配重145,该附加配重145可以呈混凝土垫的形式,一旦定位在海床上,该混凝土垫进一步帮助稳定管140的位置。
因此,管逐渐降低,并且一旦就位,降低缆索145就被分离165,从而使船与管的控制分开。如图3中所示,该过程逐渐发生,因此管被逐渐放置在海床上,以用于之后连接至供应端。
该安装方法可以用于非常长的、优选地超过一公里的长度。限制因素是承载构件的抗拉强度,用于本示例的承载构件可以是具有每米25千克至30千克的干重的链条。这将根据所使用的非金属管的给定比重而有所不同。例如,这种NMP可能具有约1.4的比重。尽管比水致密,但是在不使用配重的情况下浮力会阻止管道的放置。
管道的组装和下水的过程可以包括将一卷非金属管(NMP)放置到用于该卷的驱动系统上。链条可以装配至具有引导件和滚轮的轨道,以与管道以及浮力罐联接。
链条可以被定位成位于管的下方,因此在下水的过程中,管将保持相对浮力,并且链条在展开期间将自由移动至较低位置。链条连结件还可以起到防止皮带在牵引过程中沿管滑动的作用。然后,在管下水并由船拖曳时,逐步组装管的浮力罐和链条。通常,链条将每隔0.2m至0.5m安装至管,尽管这会根据安装和设计标准而发生很大变化。优选地使用非金属带将链条联接至管。
浮力罐可以成对安装,以确保对管的均匀浮力。浮力罐可以每隔9米或10米安装至管,但这又取决于包括环境条件在内的一系列标准。可以使用非金属带将浮力罐安装至管。重要的是,浮力罐将包括连接至浮力罐中的每个浮力罐的钢丝缆索和剥线。
在将管道定位在期望的位置时,通过使剥线剪切穿过非金属带而使浮力罐逐渐从管道上剥离,从而使管道和配重链条逐渐下沉。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于安装非金属的管道组件的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
将承载构件和配重联接至非金属的管道,所述承载构件和所述配重是同一元件,所述元件是链条;
所述链条和管道沿着所述管道的长度在多个间隔处联接以形成管道链条组件;
所述链条承受安装期间的拉伸载荷并且支撑拉伸应力;
然后使所述管道链条组件靠近水面漂浮直到适当位置;并且
允许所述管道链条组件下沉至海床;非金属的所述管道具有浮力;所述链条克服非金属的所述管道的所述浮力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括以下步骤:在所述漂浮步骤之前,将能够选择性移除的浮力罐联接至所述管道链条组件;并且,在所述漂浮步骤之后,使所述浮力罐与所述管道链条组件分离。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述管道链条组件通过至少一艘船拉动以将所述管道链条组件放置就位。
4.一种布置成安装在近海的非金属的管道组件,所述管道组件包括:
非金属的管道,所述管道具有沿着所述管道的长度联接的承载构件和配重,所述承载构件和所述配重是同一元件,所述元件是链条,所述链条沿着管的长度在多个间隔处联接以形成管道链条组件,所述链条布置成承受安装期间的拉伸载荷并且支撑拉伸应力;
非金属的所述管道具有浮力;所述链条布置成克服非金属的所述管道的所述浮力。
5.根据权利要求4所述的管道组件,所述管道组件还包括沿着所述管道的长度联接的多个能够选择性地移除的浮力罐。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MYPI2018000115A MY201047A (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2018-01-26 | Pipeline assembly and method of installation |
MYPI2018000115 | 2018-01-26 | ||
PCT/MY2019/050007 WO2019147124A1 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2019-01-28 | Pipeline assembly and method of installation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111971501A CN111971501A (zh) | 2020-11-20 |
CN111971501B true CN111971501B (zh) | 2023-04-28 |
Family
ID=67395024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201980010368.7A Active CN111971501B (zh) | 2018-01-26 | 2019-01-28 | 管道组件和安装方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11988303B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111971501B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY201047A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019147124A1 (zh) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2287002A1 (fr) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-04-30 | Doris Dev Richesse Sous Marine | Dispositif de pose de conduites sous-marines |
US4065822A (en) * | 1976-02-27 | 1978-01-03 | Texaco Inc. | Single point mooring with strain relief anchoring |
JP2001032962A (ja) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-02-06 | Taisei Corp | 水底パイプの敷設方法 |
GB2384537B (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2005-06-08 | Wellstream Inc | Method of towing and installing a pipe |
BR0315373A (pt) * | 2002-10-16 | 2005-08-23 | Single Buoy Moorings | Embarcação para exploração de hidrocarbonetos, e, método de instalação de um número de tubulações ascendentes entre uma embarcação flutuante e o leito do mar |
US7073978B2 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-07-11 | Deepflex, Inc. | Lightweight catenary system |
US7993077B2 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2011-08-09 | Acergy France S.A. | Towing and subsea installation of long articles |
GB2435083A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-15 | Jean-Baptiste Pose | Buoyancy apparatus and method of use |
KR101034215B1 (ko) * | 2009-06-29 | 2011-05-12 | 한국해양연구원 | 부식방지된 와이어로프가 주입된 hdpe 파이프 복합관 및 그 부설방법 |
WO2011008593A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-01-20 | Shell Oil Company | Mid-water transfer line |
CN102482922B (zh) * | 2009-08-26 | 2014-10-29 | 迪普弗莱克斯有限公司 | 一种具有分布式悬垂弯曲压载物的柔性悬链形提升管 |
EP2899361B1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2018-08-08 | Magma Global Limited | Subsea conduit system |
NL1040430C2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-07 | Wavin Bv | Method of laying a pipe under water. |
-
2018
- 2018-01-26 MY MYPI2018000115A patent/MY201047A/en unknown
-
2019
- 2019-01-28 US US16/964,927 patent/US11988303B2/en active Active
- 2019-01-28 CN CN201980010368.7A patent/CN111971501B/zh active Active
- 2019-01-28 WO PCT/MY2019/050007 patent/WO2019147124A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN111971501A (zh) | 2020-11-20 |
US20210041040A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
WO2019147124A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
US11988303B2 (en) | 2024-05-21 |
MY201047A (en) | 2024-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0251488B1 (en) | Flexible riser system and method for installing the same | |
US6082391A (en) | Device for hybrid riser for the sub-sea transportation of petroleum products | |
US8430170B2 (en) | Bottom-to-surface connection installation of a rigid pipe with a flexible pipe having positive buoyancy | |
AU2011204506B2 (en) | Improvements relating to abandonment and recovery of pipelines | |
US9476521B2 (en) | Method for laying a submarine line on the seabed | |
AU2017283742B2 (en) | Upgrading subsea foundations of mooring systems | |
AU2006202167A1 (en) | Transporting an elongate member through water | |
CA3086700A1 (en) | Interconnection of subsea pipelines and structures | |
US3724224A (en) | Method for installing double-walled pipelines | |
US8844632B2 (en) | Inertia transition pipe element, in particular for restraining a rigid undersea pipe | |
CN102221128A (zh) | 一种基于锚墩固定的海底输油输气软管管线 | |
US4640647A (en) | Offshore well apparatus and method | |
WO2015071679A1 (en) | Cable installation and/or protection system | |
US5702205A (en) | Steel catenary riser system for marine platform | |
US11162329B2 (en) | Direct tie-in method | |
CN111971501B (zh) | 管道组件和安装方法 | |
US3702539A (en) | Method and apparatus for installing risers | |
AU2019371809A1 (en) | Installation of subsea pipelines | |
EP2954245B1 (en) | Improvements relating to abandonment and recovery of pipelines | |
CN109787157B (zh) | 海上结构和用于将管子或线缆附接到海上结构的设备的方法 | |
EP3586048B1 (en) | Manufacturing of pipe bundles offshore | |
US8287211B2 (en) | Methods of laying elongate articles at sea | |
BR112021010596A2 (pt) | Instalando tubos ascendentes submarinos | |
GB2562977B (en) | Upgrading subsea foundations of mooring systems | |
US20230039550A1 (en) | Conduit anchor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |