CN111971473A - 波浪能发电系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

波浪能发电系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN111971473A
CN111971473A CN201980017418.4A CN201980017418A CN111971473A CN 111971473 A CN111971473 A CN 111971473A CN 201980017418 A CN201980017418 A CN 201980017418A CN 111971473 A CN111971473 A CN 111971473A
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tension
power generation
hydraulic motor
generation system
wave energy
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CN111971473B (zh
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成庸准
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Renjin Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
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    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
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    • F03B13/1885Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is tied to the rem
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    • F03B13/189Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is tied to the rem acting directly on the piston of a pump
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
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Abstract

本文公开通过液压回路来产生电能的波浪能发电系统及控制方法。所述波浪能发电系统包括液压马达,其被配置成当通过漂浮在波浪上的可移动物体的六自由度运动来传递动能的多个张力传递构件在一方向上运动时,以液压和体积的形式存储动能,当多个张力传递构件在另一方向上运动时,通过储存的能量来维持所述张力传递构件的张力,并且,通过多个所述张力传递构件的双向运动来交替地产生电能。

Description

波浪能发电系统及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种波浪能发电系统及其控制方法。
背景技术
一般来说,发电的发电方法包括水力发电、火力发电、核能发电等,这种发电方式需要大规模的发电设施。此外,就火力发电而言,由于发电设施需要供应大量的石油或煤炭能源,在目前石油和煤炭资源枯竭的情况下,预计会有许多困难,污染也成为一个大问题。并且,在核能发电的情况下,辐射泄漏和核废料处理成为严重的问题。由于水力发电采用落差水头,需要修建大型大坝,这将导致周围环境发生变化,同时,水力发电也受到环境的约束,如要有水资源丰富的河流为前提才可以修建水坝等。因此,需要比上述一般发电方法更便宜、更安全、更环保的开创性发电方法,其中之一就是能够利用波浪的运动来产生电能的波浪能发电。
人们关注的焦点是利用潮汐范围发电的潮汐发电、利用高流速海水发电的潮汐流发电以及利用波浪的运动来产生电能的波浪能发电。尤其,波浪能发电作为一种基于波浪的不断的运动来产生电能的技术,可以继续产生能量。波浪能发电通过能量转换装置将水粒子的往复运动和由于波浪引起的海平面周期性垂直运动转化为机械旋转运动或轴向运动,然后转化为电能。根据基于波高的一次能量转换方法,波浪能发电方法可以分为多种类型,一种典型的方法是可移动物体式方法,该方法响应于漂浮在水面上的浮标的垂直运动或旋转运动来操作发电机。
可移动物体式方法接收基于波浪的移动而移动的物体(例如,浮标)的运动,将其转换为往复运动或旋转运动,并通过发电机发电,其实例已公开在韩国专利申请公开号第10-2015-00120896号或日本授权专利第5260092号。
然而,由于波浪的特性,只能提供不规则的动能,因此,需要一种可以产生有效的电能的系统和控制方法,其具有可以传递波浪能以可以稳定地产生能量的运动传递部,以及将接收到的动能转换为用于发电的旋转动能的动力转换部。
上述描述已经在构思本公开的过程中被发明人所拥有或获取,并且,不一定是在提出本申请之前公知的技术。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题
根据实施例,可以提供波浪能发电设备的控制系统及方法,其可以提高能量转换效率并具有高度的控制自由度。
在实施例中要解决的问题并不限于上述问题,本领域技术人员可以从下面的描述中清楚地理解本文未提及的其他问题。
解决问题的技术方法
根据用于解决上述技术问题的实施例,波浪能发电系统包括液压马达,其被配置成当通过漂浮在波浪上的可移动物体的六自由度运动来传递动能的多个张力传递构件在一方向上运动时,以液压和体积的形式存储动能,当多个张力传递构件在另一方向上运动时,通过储存的能量来维持所述张力传递构件的张力,并且,通过多个所述张力传递构件的双向运动来产生电能。
根据一侧,所述张力传递构件可以连接到转换体,所述液压马达可以连接到所述转换体的一侧,电力生产部可以连接到所述转换体的另一侧。所述液压马达可以具有用于存储流体的储槽和存储所述流体的蓄压器。当拉动所述张力传递构件时,所述液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从所述储槽移动到所述蓄压器;当不拉动所述张力传递构件时,流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,由此所述液压马达以相反的方向旋转。
根据一侧,可以包括用于提高所述转换体的转速的增速器,并且,所述增速器可以分别设置在所述转换体与所述液压马达之间以及所述转换体与所述电力生产部之间。
根据一侧,所述电力生产部可以具有飞轮。
根据一侧,所述张力传递构件可以具有连接到所述可移动物体的三个部分以上的位置的多个张力传递构件。多个所述张力传递构件中的每一个可以具有液压马达。或者,多个所述张力传递构件可以连接到一个液压马达。
另外,根据用于解决上述技术问题的实施例,波浪能发电系统包括可移动物体,其漂浮在波浪上并随波浪移动;运动传递部,其包括张力传递构件,所述张力传递构件连接到所述可移动物体的至少三个部分以上的位置以实现所述可移动物体的六个自由度运动并在一方向上传递所述可移动物体的动能;转换体,其连接到所述张力传递构件;液压马达,其被设置在所述转换体的一侧;以及电力生产部,其被设置在所述转换体的另一侧,当拉动所述张力传递构件时,所述液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从储槽移动到蓄压器;当不拉动所述张力传递构件时,流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,由此所述液压马达以相反的方向旋转,并维持连接到所述转换体的张力传递构件的张力。
根据一侧,可以具有用于提高所述转换体的转速的增速器,并且,所述增速器可以分别设置在所述转换体与所述液压马达之间以及所述转换体与所述电力生产部之间。
另外,根据用于解决上述技术问题的实施例,波浪能发电系统的控制方法包括以下步骤:当通过漂浮在波浪上的可移动物体的六自由度运动向张力传递构件施加张力时,液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从储槽存储到蓄压器;当未向所述张力传递构件施加张力时,根据流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,所述液压马达反向移动,从而维持所述张力传递构件的张力;以及通过由所述可移动物体施加至所述张力传递构件的张力及由所述液压马达施加至所述张力传递构件的张力来交替地产生电能。
发明的效果
如上所述,根据实施例,可以通过液压马达以液压和体积的形式存储可移动物体的一方向上的动能;当可移动物体在另一方向上运动时,可以维持张力传递构件的张力。另外,可以通过由可移动物体施加的张力及由液压马达施加的张力来交替地产生电能。
根据一实施例的波浪能发电系统及其控制方法的效果并不限于上述效果,本领域技术人员可以通过以下描述清楚地理解其他未提及的效果。
附图说明
本说明书所附的以下附图示出了本发明的优选一实施例,并且用于进一步理解本发明的技术思想以及本发明的详细描述,因此本发明不应被解释为仅限于这些附图中描述的内容。
图1为显示根据一实施例的波浪能发电系统的概念图。
图2及图3为说明图1的波浪能发电系统的配置及操作的框图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对实施例进行详细说明。应当注意,在将附图编号添加到各附图的构成要素时,即使相同的构成要素显示在不同的附图上,它们也具有相同的附图编号。此外,在对本发明进行说明的过程中,判断有关公知技术的具体说明,不必要地模糊实施例的要点时,其详细说明给予省略。
并且,在对实施例的构成要素进行说明时,可以使用第一、第二、A、B、 (a)、(b)等术语。然而,上述术语的使用仅作为将该构成要素区别于其他构成要素,并非用于限定相应构成要素的本质、排列或顺序。当说明一个构成要素与其他构成要素“连接”、“结合”或“接触”时,该构成要素可以直接连接或接触于其他构成要素,另一其他构成要素也可以“连接”、“结合”或“接触”到各构成要素之间。
下面,参照图1至图3来说明根据实施例的波浪能发电系统10。图1为显示根据一实施例的波浪能发电系统的概念图;图2及图3为说明图1的波浪能发电系统的配置及操作的框图。
参照附图,波浪能发电系统10被配置为包括可移动物体110、运动传递部 120、液压马达140及电力生产部150。并且,运动传递部120与液压马达140 之间可以设有转换体130,在电力生产部160的一侧可以设有飞轮150。
可移动物体110漂浮在波浪上并基于波浪的移动在六个自由度上运动。具体地,可移动物体110可以基于波浪的移动沿x、y、z轴执行平移运动 (heave、surge、sway)或偏航(yaw)、俯仰(pitch)及翻滚(roll)等旋转运动,由此执行总共六个自由度(6Degree ofFreedom)的运动。
例如,可移动物体110可以被形成为漂浮在波浪上并基于波浪的移动而移动,并且可以是浮标。可移动物体110可以被配置为包括形成为可漂浮在波浪上的主体111和与运动传递部120结合的结合部112。
可移动物体110的主体111可以被形成为各种形状,例如,可以是圆盘形或管状,也可以具有其他各种形状,如圆柱体、多边形柱、穹顶形状或圆盘形状。主体111可以通过每种形式、形状、材料、功能、特性、效果及结合关系而被配置为圆盘形状,但并不限于此,也可以被配置为各种形状。此外,主体 111的材料只要能够在波浪上漂浮即可,但并不限于此。
结合部112可以被形成为使得运动传递部120结合到主体111,例如,可以被形成为具有360度运动角的球头的形状。结合部112可以被结合使得可移动物体110可以在预定范围内根据波浪的移动在多个方向上自由移动,并结合到主体111的至少三个不同位置以传递可移动物体110的六个自由度运动。然而,这仅仅为一示例,结合部112可以以各种方式结合,其使运动传递部120 结合到可移动物体110,使得可移动物体110可以在限定范围内自由移动。另外,结合部112的位置不受附图的限制,只要结合部112的位置可以防止可移动物体110在主体111的不同位置偏离一定范围,同时允许其在一定范围内自由移动,便可以通过各种方式更改。
另外,结合部112具有在主体111的下部垂直形成的隔板的形状。这种结合部112可以垂直于水平面形成,使得可移动物体110可以与波浪的移动一起更积极地移动,并且相应地,当在结合部112上垂直施加波浪力时,可移动物体110可以通过波浪的移动更有效地移动。然而,这仅仅为一示例,结合部 112可以被配置为使得可移动物体110可以在所有方向上接收波浪的力,并且,波浪的移动或能量可以被有效地传递到可移动物体110的运动中。
运动传递部120可以包括结合到可移动物体110并被配置为传递可移动物体110的运动的张力传递构件121以及将张力传递构件121固定到海底等的固定构件122。
张力传递构件121将可移动物体110的由波浪的多向运动转换为线性往复运动,并且将其传递到液压马达140。例如,张力传递构件121具有一定的线的形状,其一端结合到可移动物体110,另一端连接到液压马达140。此外,张力传递构件121可以是钢丝、绳索、链条、链轮、皮带等。除此之外,还可以使用用于连接可移动物体110和液压马达140并传递运动的张力传递构件 121的各种装置。
这种张力传递构件121可以与可移动物体110的六个自由度运动联动,并对可移动物体110的所有运动作出反应,因此,张力传递构件121可以最有效地将可移动物体110的运动传递到液压马达140。另外,张力传递构件121可以在三个部分以上的位置连接到可移动物体110,并防止移动物体110偏离一定范围,同时还允许可移动物体110在一定范围内自由移动,从而传递可移动物体110的所有动能。
具体地,当可移动物体110通过波浪的多向力漂浮在海面上,并在某一方向上受到向其施加的力时,拉动受到该力的部分的一张力传递构件121,并通过在该张力传递构件121起到作用的张力,将张力传递到转换体130。并且,当在另一方向上向可移动物体110施加力时,可移动物体110拉动受到该力的部分的张力传递构件121,并通过在该张力传递构件121起到作用的张力,将张力传递到转换体130。由此,可移动物体110可响应于持续在多个方向上施加在可移动物体110上的波浪力而在多个方向上移动,并且,多个张力传递构件121可以基于可移动物体110的上述运动来执行往复线性运动。张力传递构件121可以将可移动物体110的运动转换为线性往复运动,并通过转换体130 将其传递到液压马达140。
固定构件122通过被安装在海底或其他地方来固定张力传递构件121,并还改变张力传递构件121的方向。即,张力传递构件121以固定构件122为中心轴,在一定范围内移动。此外,固定构件122可以沿张力传递构件121的纵向被配置在至少一个部分以上的多个位置,从而固定张力传递构件121,并还可以被配置在用于改变张力传递构件121的方向的位置上,从而改变方向。例如,固定构件122可以包括多个滚柱或滑轮。
转换体131连接到张力传递构件121,并具有将张力传递构件121的往复线性运动转换为单向旋转运动的转轴或滚筒的形状。此外,转换体130包括单向离合器(one wayclutch),其用于将张力传递构件121的往复线性运动转换为单向旋转运动。然而,这仅仅为一示例,能够将张力传递构件121的运动转换为往复旋转运动或往复直线运动的各种装置可以基本上用作转换体130。
转换体130的一侧连接到液压马达140,其另一侧连接到电力生产部160。并且,增速器131、132可以分别设置在转换体130与液压马达140之间以及转换体130与电力生产部160之间,其中,所述增速器将转换体130的转速从低速提高到高速。
另外,由于张力传递构件121具有钢丝等形状,因此当未拉动可移动对象 110时,就无法向转换体130施加力。换言之,基于可移动对象110的移动,当其在一方向上的移动时,向转换体130施加张力;而当其在相反方向上移动时,未向转换体130施加力。由此,当未向转换体130施加力时,可以通过存储在液压马达140的液压来驱动电力生产部160。
液压马达140将通过张力传递构件121的往复运动而产生的能量存储为液压。并且,当张力传递构件121释放张力时,存储在液压马达140的能量维持转换体130的张力的同时,也驱动电力生产部160以产生电能。
电力生产部160可以通过从转换体130接收到的张力传递构件121的往复旋转运动来驱动发电机,由此产生电能。此外,电力生产部160具有飞轮150,其被配置成将从转换体130接收到的旋转运动存储为机械能。
另外,在本实施例中,示出了一个组合示例:多个张力传递构件121连接到一个可移动物体110,并且,一个液压马达140和一个电力生产部160连接到多个张力传递构件121。然而,这仅仅为一示例,液压马达140和电力生产部160也可以分别连接到多个张力传递构件121。
在此,在上述实施例中,示出了波浪能发电系统10以陆上(onshore)的方式被安装,然而,这仅仅为一示例,以离岸(offshore)的方式被安装的系统也可以适用在根据本实施例的波浪能发电系统10。
下面,参照图2及图3来详细描述根据一实施例的波浪能发电系统10的配置及操作。
首先,参照图2,当打动张力传递构件121时(在附图中以箭头A所示),连接到转换体130的一侧的液压马达140开始驱动。
具体地,当拉动张力传递构件121时,转换体130可以朝一方向旋转,并其速度通过增速器131加速到一定的速度以上,被传递到液压马达140。
当液压马达140通过转换体130朝一方向旋转时,液压马达140可以作为液压泵来允许流体从低压侧的储槽141流向至高压侧的蓄压器142(以箭头①指示的方向)。在蓄压器142,压力和流体的体积通过被流入的流体被增加及存储。即,当拉动张力传递构件121时,动能以流体压力和体积的形式存储在蓄压器142中。
并且,在连接到转换体130的另一侧的一侧,转换体130的旋转可以通过增速器132加速到一定的速度以上,并被传递到飞轮150及电力生产部160。而电力生产部160通过接收旋转能量来产生电能。
接下来,参照图3,当未拉动张力传递构件121时(在附图中以箭头B所示),存储在蓄压器142的流体流向至储槽141(以箭头②指示的方向)。此时,存储在高压侧的蓄压器142的液体自然地流向低压侧的储槽141,通过上述流体的流动,液压马达140进行旋转。此时,液压马达140以与上述相反的方向进行旋转。
转换体130通过液压马达140的相反方向上的旋转来以反方向进行旋转的同时,还维持连接到转换体130的张力传递构件121的张力。
并且,在连接到转换体130的另一侧的一侧,转换体130的旋转可以通过增速器132加速到一定的速度以上,并被传递到飞轮150及电力生产部160。在此情况下,电力生产部160通过接收旋转能量来产生电能。
根据本实施例,可以通过液压马达140将张力传递构件121的双向动能传递到电力生产部160,由此产生电能。此外,当从张力传递构件121施加张力时,可以通过液压马达140将液压以压力和体积的形式存储在蓄压器142;当未从张力传递构件121施加张力时,可以使用从液压马达140存储的液压来操作电力生产部160。另外,通过分别为多个张力传递构件121中的每一个安装液压马达140,可以更有效地产生电能。另外,可以小型化波浪能发电系统10 的电力设施容量,还可以小型化液压马达140的装置尺寸。
综上,参考有限的附图与实施例进行了说明,然而,本领域普通技术人员能够根据上述记载进行多种修改及变更。例如,所说明的技术按照与说明的方法不同的顺序执行,和/或说明的构成要素按照与说明的方法不同的形态结合或者组合,或者以其他构成要素或均等物进行替代或置换也能够达到合理的结果。
因此,其他体现,其他实施例及请求范围的等同替代也包括在本发明的权利要求范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
包括:
液压马达,其被配置成当通过漂浮在波浪上的可移动物体的六自由度运动来传递动能的多个张力传递构件在一方向上运动时,以液压和体积的形式存储动能,当多个张力传递构件在另一方向上运动时,通过储存的能量来维持所述张力传递构件的张力,
通过多个所述张力传递构件的双向运动来产生电能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
所述张力传递构件连接到转换体,
所述液压马达连接到所述转换体的一侧,电力生产部连接到所述转换体的另一侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
所述液压马达具有用于存储流体的储槽和存储所述流体的蓄压器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
当拉动所述张力传递构件时,所述液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从所述储槽移动到所述蓄压器,
当不拉动所述张力传递构件时,流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,由此所述液压马达以相反的方向旋转。
5.根据权利要求2所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
包括:
用于提高所述转换体的转速的增速器,
所述增速器分别设置在所述转换体与所述液压马达之间以及所述转换体与所述电力生产部之间。
6.根据权利要求2所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
所述电力生产部具有飞轮。
7.根据权利要求1所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
所述张力传递构件具有连接到所述可移动物体的三个部分以上的位置的多个张力传递构件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
多个所述张力传递构件中的每一个具有液压马达。
9.根据权利要求1所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
多个所述张力传递构件连接到一个液压马达。
10.一种波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
包括:
可移动物体,其漂浮在波浪上并随波浪移动;
运动传递部,其包括张力传递构件,所述张力传递构件连接到所述可移动物体的至少三个部分以上的位置以实现所述可移动物体的六个自由度运动并在一方向上传递所述可移动物体的动能;
转换体,其连接到所述张力传递构件;
液压马达,其被设置在所述转换体的一侧;以及
电力生产部,其被设置在所述转换体的另一侧,
当拉动所述张力传递构件时,所述液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从储槽移动到蓄压器,
当不拉动所述张力传递构件时,流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,由此所述液压马达以相反的方向旋转,并维持连接到所述转换体的张力传递构件的张力。
11.根据权利要求10所述的波浪能发电系统,其特征在于,
具有用于提高所述转换体的转速的增速器,
所述增速器分别设置在所述转换体与所述液压马达之间以及所述转换体与所述电力生产部之间。
12.一种波浪能发电系统的控制方法,其特征在于,
包括以下步骤:
当通过漂浮在波浪上的可移动物体的六自由度运动向张力传递构件施加张力时,液压马达朝一方向旋转,从而将流体从储槽存储到蓄压器;
当未向所述张力传递构件施加张力时,根据流体从所述蓄压器移动到所述储槽,所述液压马达反向移动,从而维持所述张力传递构件的张力;以及
通过由所述可移动物体施加至所述张力传递构件的张力及由所述液压马达施加至所述张力传递构件的张力来交替地产生电能。
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