CN111970057A - Indoor VLC (visible light communication) comprehensive illumination layout method for shopping guide system - Google Patents
Indoor VLC (visible light communication) comprehensive illumination layout method for shopping guide system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111970057A CN111970057A CN202010960205.XA CN202010960205A CN111970057A CN 111970057 A CN111970057 A CN 111970057A CN 202010960205 A CN202010960205 A CN 202010960205A CN 111970057 A CN111970057 A CN 111970057A
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- receiving end
- visible light
- led lamps
- shopping guide
- guide system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor VLC comprehensive illumination layout method for a shopping guide system, which comprises the steps of constructing an emitting end, wherein the emitting end comprises a plurality of LED lamps, the LED lamps emit visible light containing various information, constructing a receiving end, the receiving end is used for moving indoors and receiving visible light signals, reading the various information in the signals, and arranging the LED lamps indoors to meet the requirement of the LED lamps
Visible light with various information is generated through the transmitting end and received by the receiving end, the position locating function is achieved, the player of the receiving end is used for broadcasting and displaying, mobility and link switching are supported under the constraint conditions of illumination, receiving power and signal to noise ratio, the layout of the LED lamps and the control over the receiving end are achieved, the communication link quality and the full mobility of an indoor visible light communication system are improved, the link switching times and the reciprocating rate are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of visible light communication, in particular to an indoor VLC comprehensive illumination layout method for a shopping guide system.
Background
Visible Light Communication (VLC), namely, by utilizing a broadband effect of a spectrum, a technology of data transmission is realized by modulation under the condition that human eyes cannot perceive the information, the Visible Light Communication (VLC) application can analyze information in light by means of a camera of a common mobile phone, so as to facilitate shopping of customers, most of markets and supermarkets begin to adopt intelligent shopping guide systems, in the intelligent shopping guide systems, the influences of the arrangement of an LED layout and a view angle of a receiver on system connectivity, link switching performance, illumination and link quality are caused, the link switching times and the reciprocating rate are easily increased when the distance between LED lamps is too small, the illumination is greatly influenced when the distance between LED lamps is too small, and the problems are solved by urgently needing an indoor VLC comprehensive illumination layout method for the shopping guide systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an indoor VLC comprehensive illumination layout method for a shopping guide system, which can improve the communication link quality and the full mobility of an indoor visible light communication system and reduce the link switching times and the reciprocating rate, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an indoor VLC integrated illumination layout method for a shopping guide system comprises the following steps:
constructing a transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and the LED lamps transmit visible light signals containing pre-programmed information to a receiving end;
step two, constructing a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is used for moving indoors and receiving visible light signals, and reading various information in the signals;
step three, arranging the LED lamps indoors, and enabling the LED lamps and the receiving end to meet the following conditions:
the constraint condition for the above equation to be satisfied is:
wherein r is the distance between two adjacent LED lamps, h is the vertical height between the receiving end and the transmitting end, psicIs the field angle of the receiving end, H is the hysteresis margin, TdV is the speed of the receiving end, which is the link delay time.
According to the technical scheme, the visible light emitted by the LED lamp comprises position information, commodity promotion information, promotion discount information and shopping guide information.
According to the technical scheme, the field angle of the receiving end is smaller than the half-power angle of the LED.
According to the technical scheme, the receiving end contains a link switching algorithm, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps: when the receiving end moves from the coverage area of the first LED lamp to the coverage area of the adjacent second LED lamp, if the signal intensity of the second LED lamp exceeds the signal intensity of the first LED lamp by a lag margin H, a link switching process is started in the visual overlapping area.
According to the technical scheme, the distance d of the moving of the receiving end when the link switching is started to be completeddelayComprises the following steps: ddelay＝Td×v。
According to the above technical solution, the receiver includes a player for displaying and playing the information received by the receiver.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has scientific and reasonable structure and safe and convenient use, generates visible light with various information through the transmitting end, is received by the receiving end, realizes the position positioning function, broadcasts and displays the visible light through the player of the receiving end, realizes the support of mobility and link switching under the constraint conditions of illumination, receiving power and signal-to-noise ratio, and controls the LED lamp layout and the receiving end to meet the requirement of the LED lamp layout and the receiving end
Therefore, the communication link quality and the full mobility of the indoor visible light communication system are improved, the link switching times and the reciprocating rate are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a layout method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the visible overlap area of two LEDs of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plot of FOV angle versus average SNR for a fully-connected illumination layout of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the test results of the minimum overlap distance for different FOV angles of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of maximum LED distance test results for different FOV angles of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1, an indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for a shopping guide system, which supports mobility and link switching under the constraints of lighting, received power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), includes the following steps:
constructing a transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and the LED lamps are modified to enable visible light emitted by the transmitting end to contain VLID modulated in a certain mode, so that the visible light contains various information, and the various information comprises position information, commodity promotion information, sales promotion discount information, shopping guide information and the like;
step two, constructing a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is used for moving indoors and receiving visible light signals, and when the receiving end moves to an effective illumination area, reading various information in the signals, wherein the receiving end comprises a player which is used for displaying and playing the information received by the receiving end;
step three, arranging the LED lamps indoors, and enabling the LED lamps and the receiving end to meet the following conditions:
the constraint condition for the above equation to be satisfied is:
wherein r is the distance between two adjacent LED lamps, h is the vertical height between the receiving end and the transmitting end, psicIs the field angle of the receiving end, H is the hysteresis margin, TdV is the speed of the receiving end, which is the link delay time.
The LED half-power angle phi on the lighting function1/2The angle of view of the receiving end is smaller than the half-power angle of the LED, the angle of view is the angle of a light signal that can be received from the LED to the receiver, and compared with the coverage area of the LED, the area where the receiving end can receive the signal is smaller, and in addition, compared with the overlapping area formed by the LEDs, the overlapping area formed by the visible areas of two adjacent receiving ends is also smaller;
the receiving end contains a link switching algorithm, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps: when a receiving end moves from a coverage area of a first LED lamp to a coverage area of an adjacent second LED lamp, if the signal intensity of the second LED lamp exceeds the signal intensity of the first LED lamp by a hysteresis margin H (unit is dB), starting a link switching process in a visible overlapping area, wherein the hysteresis margin H is a key parameter of link switching performance, and the parameter can affect a link switching amount and the visible overlapping area; in this embodiment, the relationship between the hysteresis margin H (dB) and the visible overlap region is analyzed at different distances between the LEDs:
as shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that the receiving end moves along a line connected by the two LED projections, in which case the receiving end moves the greatest distance in the visible overlap region, which is referred to as the visible overlap distance dOAThe receiving end identifies and distinguishes the signal power from LED1 and LED2, and when the receiving end moves into the visible overlap region, the signal intensity from both LEDs will be continuously calculated;
assuming that a link switch can be initiated at point P, from which point the receiver needs to move an additional distance to successfully complete the link switch, the link switch is initiated until the distance d the receiver moves when the link switch is completeddelayComprises the following steps: ddelay＝TdX v; and enabling the key parameters of the link performance to meet the following conditions:
based on the above formula, the visible overlap region d can be obtainedOAThe conditions of (1):
by visual overlap region dOAThe condition of (c) can be derived from the condition satisfied by the LED lamp and the receiving terminal in step three, and the minimum visual overlap distance and the minimum spacing distance between the LEDs required by the link switching process can be determined through the parameter relationship in the condition, and when the distance of the LED lamp is fixed in practice, the distance passes through the visual overlap region dOAThe most suitable hysteresis margin may be determined.
Simulating the use of different LED distances according to the conditions, specifically: the LED1 and the LED2 were placed in the center of the ceiling, then moved in 0.2m steps towards the wall direction and the full connection requirement of each lighting layout was checked, then the average received power and the average received SNR of all lighting layouts satisfying the connectivity condition were calculated and finally the relation between the lighting layout and the hysteresis margin was given, the parameter list used by the simulation is as follows:
| parameters and symbols | Numerical value (Unit) |
| Link switching delay time Td | 0.15(s) |
| Velocity v of MT | 1(m/s) |
| |
3～12(dB) |
| Mobile terminal field angle psic | 18～60° |
Wherein the distance between LED1 and LED2 will vary between 0.2m and 4.8m, calculating connectivity and link quality for each step at a set FOV angle;
the results were: when the FOV angle psicLess than 48 °, there is no lighting layout that can provide full connectivity; that is, when the FOV angle is less than 48 °, there is a blind spot region in any one of the illumination layouts, when ψcAt 48 deg., the distance between the LEDs is between 2.4m and 2.6m, with psi, to achieve full connectioncThe higher the probability of selecting a lighting layout that can satisfy full connectivity; i.e. with a FOV of 55 °, the distance between the LEDs should be between 2m and 3 m; and when the FOV is 55 degrees, the distance between the LEDs is 1.5m to 4m, so that the full connection requirement can be met.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a graph of FOV angle versus average SNR in a lighting layout with full connectivity, the uppermost solid line in the graph is 48 ° field angle, the lowermost dashed line is 60 °, and each interval is 1 degree from top to bottom, it can be seen that in all lighting layouts capable of providing full connectivity, when the FOV is 48 °, the average received power and the average SNR reach the highest values and decrease with decreasing FOV, and when the FOV is 48 °, the average received power is about 2.8dBm and the average SNR is about 31 dB; this is because as the FOV increases, the gain of the optical concentrator at the detector decreases, causing a decrease in received power; a drop in received power, and an increase in ISI, will cause a drop in SNR level; when two LEDs are installed far from each other, near the edge of a room, the average received power is very small, about 0.15 dBm; further, when the SNR increases, the reception power will be reduced; and vice versa; this is especially true when the distance between the LEDs is large and the FOV is small; when the FOV is larger, two LEDs can be mounted in some positions to get higher average received power and average SNR;
according to the above simulation results, the same trend is shown when the FOV angle exceeds 60 °, and higher levels of received power and SNR are desired for any communication system; therefore, in terms of link quality and connectivity, the scenario taken in this embodiment is a FOV angle of 48 °, with a distance between LEDs of about 2.5 m; the layout at this time can provide maximum received power and SNR.
In the present embodiment, in combination with the above-mentioned relationship among the hysteresis margin, the visible overlap distance, the FOV and the inter-LED distance, peer simulation is performed on these relationships, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, under the condition of supporting link switching, the minimum visible overlap distance between two LEDs, the maximum separation distance, and the FOV angles of different hysteresis margins;
as shown in fig. 4, as the hysteresis margin H increases, the required visible overlap distance also increases; furthermore, as H increases, the minimum FOV angle also increases; when the hysteresis margin H is 3dB, the FOV needs to be larger than 38 ° because at smaller FOV angles there is no lighting layout that can satisfy the link switching condition, and similarly when H is 6, 9, or 12dB, the minimum FOV angles that satisfy the link switching condition are 50 °, 56 °, and 63 °, respectively; for any value of hysteresis margin, the minimum overlap distance does not change much at all times as the FOV increases; when H equals 3dB, the minimum overlap distance is about 1.2m for all FOVs larger than 38 °; when H is equal to 6, 9, 12dB, the minimum overlap distance is 1.6m, 2.4m, 3.1m, respectively; compared with the prior art one (Burton A, Ghassemloy Z, Rajbhandari S, et al. design and analysis of an arbitrary-segmented full-mobility Visible Light Communication receivers [ J ]. Transactions on electronic computing Technologies,2014,25(6): 591-599.) and the prior art two (Pergoloni S, Biagi M, Colonne S, et al. manipulated timed LEDs Footprinting for Industor visual Light Communication Networks [ J ]. IEEE Photonic Technologies Letters,2016,28(4): 532-535.) the minimum overlap distance is 2.3M and 1.5M, the lag is equal to the minimum overlap distance of 3dB and 9dB, respectively, the minimum overlap margin is made significantly better than the full overlap distance, which makes it equal to the full overlap distance, i.e. the overlap margin is much better than the full overlap distance of 3dB and the full overlap margin of 2.5 dB;
as shown in fig. 5, given different hysteresis margins, the maximum distance between two LEDs for which different VLC systems satisfy the link switching condition; it can be seen that at all values of hysteresis margin, an increase in FOV angle results in an increase in the maximum distance between LEDs; a higher hysteresis margin generally places less demand on the maximum distance between two LEDs for the same FOV; when the FOV is 48 °, and the distance between two LEDs r is 2.5m, the link switching procedure can be applied with a hysteresis margin of 3 dB. Whereas the first and second prior art require a larger maximum LED distance when switching.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An indoor VLC integrated illumination layout method for a shopping guide system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and transmitting visible light signals containing pre-programmed information to a receiving end through the LED lamps;
step two, constructing a receiving end, wherein the receiving end is used for moving indoors and receiving visible light signals, and reading various information in the signals;
step three, arranging the LED lamps indoors, and enabling the LED lamps and the receiving end to meet the following conditions:
the constraint condition for the above equation to be satisfied is:
wherein r is the distance between two adjacent LED lamps, h is the vertical height between the receiving end and the transmitting end, psicIs the field angle of the receiving end, H is the hysteresis margin, TdV is the speed of the receiving end, which is the link delay time.
2. The indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for the shopping guide system according to claim 1, wherein: the visible light emitted by the LED lamp comprises position information, commodity promotion information, promotion discount information and shopping guide information.
3. The indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for the shopping guide system according to claim 1, wherein: the field angle of the receiving end is smaller than the half-power angle of the LED.
4. The indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for the shopping guide system according to claim 1, wherein: the receiving end contains a link switching algorithm, and the algorithm specifically comprises the following steps: when the receiving end moves from the coverage area of the first LED lamp to the coverage area of the adjacent second LED lamp, if the signal intensity of the second LED lamp exceeds the signal intensity of the first LED lamp by a lag margin H, a link switching process is started in the visual overlapping area.
5. The indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for the shopping guide system according to claim 4, wherein: distance d that the receiving end moves when the link switch is initiated to completiondelayComprises the following steps: ddelay＝Td×v。
6. The indoor VLC integrated lighting layout method for the shopping guide system according to claim 1, wherein: the receiver includes a player for displaying and playing the information received by the receiver.
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