CN111969953A - 一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器 - Google Patents

一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器 Download PDF

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CN111969953A
CN111969953A CN202010746580.4A CN202010746580A CN111969953A CN 111969953 A CN111969953 A CN 111969953A CN 202010746580 A CN202010746580 A CN 202010746580A CN 111969953 A CN111969953 A CN 111969953A
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薛泉
宛操
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/08Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
    • H03B5/12Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
    • H03B5/1296Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device the feedback circuit comprising a transformer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03BGENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/02Details
    • H03B5/06Modifications of generator to ensure starting of oscillations

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  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,包括第一电感、第二电感、第三电感、第四电感、第一电容、第二电容、第一管、第二管;所述第一电感的负端和第二电感的负端均与电源相连;所述第一电容一端接地,另一端和第一电感正端相连;所述第二电容一端接地,另一端和第二电感正端相连;所述第三电感的正端和第二管的栅极相连,负端和第一电感正端相连;第四电感的正端和第一管的栅极相连,负端和第二电感正端相连;所述第一管的源极和第二管的源极相连并接地;第一管栅极和第四电感的正端相连,漏极与第一电感正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端;第二管的栅极和第三电感的正端相连,漏极与第二电感正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端。

Description

一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器
技术领域
本发明涉及电子通信技术的毫米波前端电路领域,具体涉及一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器。
背景技术
近些年,随着CMOS工艺的不断进步,毫米波前端电路一直备受许多业界及学术界研究机构关注,振荡器是毫米波前端电路的重要一环,其最关键的指标是相位噪声,决定着前端收发机的通信质量。随着个人通信终端的快速发展以及集成电路工艺节点的不断降低,需要振荡器工作在低电压,因此低功耗也是一个研究目标。
现有振荡器功耗基本都在几毫瓦,传统结构振荡器也可通过降低电源电压来降低功耗,但是相位噪声也会随之变差,因此需要改变振荡器结构,保证降低功耗的同时维持较好的相位噪声。现有文献(B. Soltanian, H. Ainspan, W. Rhee, D. Friedman and P.Kinget, "An Ultra Compact Differentially Tuned 6 GHz CMOS LC VCO with DynamicCommon-Mode Feedback," IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference 2006, SanJose, CA, 2006, pp. 671-674)采用动态共模反馈技术设计了一款6GHz振荡器,实现了较大的相对带宽,但是功耗达到14mW;现有文献(T. Wang and Y. Yan, "A Low-VoltageLow-Power Wide-Tuning-Range Hybrid Class-AB/Class-B VCO With Robust Start-Upand High-Performance FOM T," in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory andTechniques, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 521-531, March 2014)设计了一款混合工作模式的振荡器,功耗也比较低,核心区功耗为2.4mW,但是相位噪声不高;现有文献(S. Ikeda, S.Lee, H. Ito, N. Ishihara and K. Masu, "A 0.5 V 5.96-GHz PLL With Amplitude-Regulated Current-Reuse VCO," in IEEE Microwave and Wireless ComponentsLetters, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 302-304, March 2017)利用电流复用结构设计了一款低供电电压振荡器,电源电压为0.5V,但在5.96GHz时相位噪声仅-98dBc/Hz。现有的技术中,难以做到低功耗的同时,保证可观的相位噪声。本发明采用新型的变压器谐振器,时振荡器中交叉耦合管更接近理想开关,以此降低相位噪声,同时供电电压较低,保证了低功耗的同时做到低相位噪声。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,使振荡器工作在低电源电压以达到低功耗,同时做到低相位噪声。
本发明至少通过如下技术方案之一实现。
一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,包括第一电感L1x、第二电感L1y、第三电感L2x、第四电感L2y、第一电容C1x、第二电容C1y、第一MOS管M1x、第二MOS管M1y;
所述第一电感L1x的负端和第二电感L1y的负端均与电源VDD相连;
所述第一电容C1x的其中一端接地,另一端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第二电容C1y的其中一端接地,另一端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第三电感L2x的正端和第二MOS管M1y的栅极相连,负端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第四电感L2y的正端和第一MOS管M1x的栅极相连,负端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第一MOS管M1x的源极和第二MOS管M1y的源极相连并接地;
所述第一MOS管M1x栅极和第四电感L2y的正端相连,漏极与第一电感L1x正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTx;
所述第二MOS管M1y的栅极和第三电感L2x的正端相连,漏极与第二电感L1y正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTy。
进一步地,所述第一电感L1x和第三电感L2x相互耦合,组成变压器T1,耦合系数为k。
进一步地,所述第二电感 L1y和第四电感L2y相互耦合,组成变压器T2,耦合系数为k。
进一步地,所述第一电感L1x和第二电感L1y组成交叉耦合对。
与现有的技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明增加了振荡器中交叉耦合管栅极电压信号的斜率,在工作时更加接近理想开关,减小了振荡周期内交叉耦合管处于线性区的时间,因此降低了相位噪声。同时有了变压器的信号叠加效果因此在降低电源电压后,振荡器的起振也不会受到影响。整体上降低功耗后,依然保持了比较好的相位噪声。同时,有了变压器的信号叠加效果,振荡器起振也会比同等功耗下的传统交叉耦合振荡器起振更快。
附图说明
图1是本实施例的一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器原理图;
图2是本实施例节点电压图;
图3是本实施例的电源端瞬态电流图;
图4是本实施例的振荡器在8.7GHz处的相位噪声图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图,对本发明作进一步地详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
如图1所示的一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,包括第一电感L1x、第二电感L1y、第三电感L2x、第四电感L2y、第一电容C1x、第二电容C1y、第一MOS管M1x、第二MOS管M1y;
所述第一电感L1x的负端和第二电感L1y的负端均与电源VDD相连;
所述第一电容C1x的其中一端接地,另一端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第二电容C1y的其中一端接地,另一端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第三电感L2x的正端和第二MOS管M1y的栅极相连,负端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第四电感L2y的正端和第一MOS管M1x的栅极相连,负端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第一MOS管M1x的源极和第二MOS管M1y的源极相连并接地;
所述第一MOS管M1x栅极和第四电感L2y的正端相连,漏极与第一电感L1x正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTx;
所述第二MOS管M1y的栅极和第三电感L2x的正端相连,漏极与第二电感L1y正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTy。
所述第一电感L1x和第三电感L2x相互耦合,组成变压器T1,耦合系数为k。
所述第二电感 L1y和第四电感L2y相互耦合,组成变压器T2,耦合系数为k。
所述第一电感L1x和第二电感L1y组成交叉耦合对。
如图1所示,第一电感L1x和第二电感L1y组成的变压器T1和第一电容C1x形成一种的谐振器。将该谐振器用于振荡器时,能在低电源电压情况下,增加交叉耦合对栅极电压幅度,在振荡器震荡时,第一MOS管M1x和第二MOS管M1y更加接近理想开关,因此达到低功耗低相噪目的。
图2所示为振荡器中一些结点的电压,从图中可知,采用本发明的变压器谐振器,增加了交叉耦合管的栅极电压斜率,从而较传统振荡器,本发明中振荡器的交叉耦合管更加接近理想开关。栅极电压斜率的增加,减小了振荡周期内交叉耦合管处于线性区的时间,因此降低了相位噪声。
图3是振荡器电源端口的瞬态电流,取平均后为0.798mA,最后可得功耗仅为0.3mW。因此本发明的振荡器可以做到低功耗低相噪。
如图4所示为本发明振荡器电路的相位噪声,供电电源为0.38V,仿真结果表明在8.7GHz频率时,1MHz频偏的相位噪声为-105.6dBc/Hz,在很低的功耗下保证了较好的相位噪声。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,其特征在于,包括第一电感L1x、第二电感L1y、第三电感L2x、第四电感L2y、第一电容C1x、第二电容C1y、第一MOS管M1x、第二MOS管M1y;
所述第一电感L1x的负端和第二电感L1y的负端均与电源VDD相连;
所述第一电容C1x的其中一端接地,另一端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第二电容C1y的其中一端接地,另一端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第三电感L2x的正端和第二MOS管M1y的栅极相连,负端和第一电感L1x正端相连;
所述第四电感L2y的正端和第一MOS管M1x的栅极相连,负端和第二电感L1y正端相连;
所述第一MOS管M1x的源极和第二MOS管M1y的源极相连并接地;
所述第一MOS管M1x栅极和第四电感L2y的正端相连,漏极与第一电感L1x正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTx;
所述第二MOS管M1y的栅极和第三电感L2x的正端相连,漏极与第二电感L1y正端相连并作为振荡器正输出端OUTy。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,其特征在于,所述第一电感L1x和第三电感L2x相互耦合,组成变压器T1,耦合系数为k。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,其特征在于,所述第二电感 L1y和第四电感L2y相互耦合,组成变压器T2,耦合系数为k。
4.根据权利要求3所述的基于变压器谐振器的低功耗振荡器,其特征在于,所述第一电感L1x和第二电感L1y组成交叉耦合对。
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