CN111969250A - Electrolyte of lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature, lithium ion battery and preparation method - Google Patents
Electrolyte of lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature, lithium ion battery and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111969250A CN111969250A CN202010876750.0A CN202010876750A CN111969250A CN 111969250 A CN111969250 A CN 111969250A CN 202010876750 A CN202010876750 A CN 202010876750A CN 111969250 A CN111969250 A CN 111969250A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- ion battery
- carbonate
- lithium ion
- mixture
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NVJBFARDFTXOTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfite Chemical compound CCOS(=O)OCC NVJBFARDFTXOTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfite Chemical compound COS(=O)OC BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGLSTPSXPEEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CO1)OC1=O.F.F.F Chemical compound CC(CO1)OC1=O.F.F.F VGGLSTPSXPEEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YWJVFBOUPMWANA-UHFFFAOYSA-H [Li+].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Li+].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YWJVFBOUPMWANA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical group [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises a solvent, a solute and a functional additive; the solvent, the solute and the functional additive are respectively in the following mass percentage: 70.0-87.0%, 5.0-20.0%, 3.0-10.0%; the solute is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium fluoride, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium tetracyanoborate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate; the functional additive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, diethyl sulfite, lithium difluorooxalato borate. The lithium ion battery manufactured by using the electrolyte has good low-temperature quick charging performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at a low temperature and the lithium ion battery, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries.
Background
Since the commercialization of the lithium ion battery, the battery performance is continuously improved, such as energy density, power density, cycle performance, safety performance, high-current discharge performance and the like. Lithium ion batteries are also widely used in more and more fields. Along with the popularization of new energy lithium ion battery vehicles in recent years, the performance requirements on lithium ion batteries are higher and higher, and the problem of poor adaptability to application environments is more and more prominent. For example, the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery at low temperature, particularly the low-temperature quick charging performance, is very poor, and the lithium ion battery can hardly be used particularly in cold regions and in environments of over-twenty degrees in winter. The use of the air conditioner at a place with low air temperature is greatly influenced, and the application range of the air conditioner is limited by regions. In order to solve the problem of poor low-temperature charge-discharge cycle performance of the lithium ion battery, in practical application, the adopted method comprises the following steps: the outdoor use is avoided, the battery is heated, the charging current at different temperatures is strictly limited through a power management system, the charging with extremely small current is limited, and the like. In these methods, heating the battery or strictly limiting the charging current through the power management system increases the cost of using the lithium ion battery, affects the consumer experience, and increases the complexity of use.
In order to improve the low-temperature performance, especially the low-temperature quick charging performance of the lithium ion battery, the cost is prevented from being increased, the consumer experience is not influenced, and the use is convenient. The research on the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature becomes an ideal solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the lithium ion battery and the negative plate thereof are prepared by using the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature and using the mixture of the polyacrylate low-temperature-resistant flexible glue and the styrene butadiene rubber emulsion as a binder, and the lithium ion battery prepared by using the method has good low-temperature rapid charging performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises a solvent, a solute and a functional additive;
the solvent, the solute and the functional additive are respectively in the following mass percentage: 74.0% -87.0%, 12.0-18.0% and 1.0-8.0%;
the solvent is a mixture of two or more than two of the following substances: ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate trifluoride, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, butylene carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate;
the solute is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium fluoride, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium tetracyanoborate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate;
the functional additive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, diethyl sulfite, lithium difluorooxalato borate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of electrolyte comprises the steps of sequentially adding solvents calculated according to mass percentage into a reaction kettle in an environment with the water content less than or equal to 1%, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding functional additives calculated according to mass percentage, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding solutes calculated according to mass percentage, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain the electrolyte.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a lithium ion battery is composed of a battery outer shell and a battery core;
the battery outer shell is made of a steel material, an aluminum material or an aluminum-plastic three-layer composite material;
the battery cell consists of a positive plate, a negative plate, diaphragm paper and the electrolyte filled in the battery cell;
the positive plate consists of a positive active substance, a first conductive agent, a second conductive agent and a positive binder;
the mass percentages of the positive active substance, the conductive agent I, the conductive agent II and the positive binder are respectively 96-97.5%, 0.5-1.0% and 1.5-2.0%;
the positive active substance is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: lithium cobaltate, lithium nickel cobaltate, aluminum-doped modified lithium nickel cobaltate, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickelate, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate and lithium vanadium phosphate;
the first conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: conductive carbon black, conductive graphite;
the second conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: carbon nanotubes, graphene;
the positive electrode binder is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylate and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the negative plate consists of a negative active substance, a conductive agent, a negative binder and a thickening agent;
the mass percentages of the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the negative electrode binder and the thickening agent are respectively 95-98%, 0.5-1.5%, 1.0-3% and 0.5-1.5%;
the negative active material is a mixture of one or more of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, modified natural graphite, silicon-carbon negative electrodes, silicon-oxygen negative electrodes, graphene modified graphite;
the conductive agent is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive graphite;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the relative molecular mass of the thickening agent is 5000-500000;
the negative electrode binder is a mixture of low-temperature-resistant flexible glue and styrene butadiene rubber which are mixed according to a certain proportion, the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue accounts for 0.1-99.9 percent, and the styrene butadiene rubber accounts for 0.1-99.9 percent, wherein the relative molecular mass of the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue is 5000-1000000, and the molecular weight of the styrene butadiene rubber is 5000-1000000;
the low-temperature-resistant flexible adhesive is polyacrylate emulsion;
the styrene-butadiene rubber is commercially available styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion;
the diaphragm paper is one of polyethylene, polypropylene, ceramic-coated polyethylene and ceramic-coated polypropylene with a three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a lithium ion battery comprises the steps of sequentially winding a positive plate, diaphragm paper and a negative plate into a circle to obtain a bare cell, packaging the bare cell through a steel shell, baking the bare cell, injecting the electrolyte, sealing the opening, standing, forming, testing the capacity and finishing the manufacture of the lithium ion battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: lithium hexafluorophosphate is used as solute lithium salt in the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature, and lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium fluoride, lithium tetracyanoborate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and propylene sulfite are added in a solvent, and ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and butyl acetate are used as solvents. The substances, the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm paper have synergistic effect, so that the low-temperature performance, particularly the low-temperature quick charging performance of the lithium ion battery is greatly improved, the lithium ion battery can be quickly charged and discharged at low temperature for recycling, the lithium ion battery does not separate from the negative plate, and the safety performance and the recycling performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
Detailed Description
A lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises a battery shell and a battery core.
The battery outer shell is made of steel materials, aluminum materials or aluminum-plastic three-layer composite materials.
The battery cell consists of a positive plate, a negative plate, diaphragm paper and electrolyte filled in the battery cell.
The positive plate consists of a positive active substance, a first conductive agent, a second conductive agent and a positive binder.
The mass percentages of the positive active substance, the conductive agent I, the conductive agent II and the positive binder are respectively 96-97.5%, 0.5-1.0% and 1.5-2.0%.
The positive active substance is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: lithium cobaltate, lithium nickel cobaltate, aluminum-doped modified lithium nickel cobaltate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate and lithium vanadium phosphate.
The first conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: conductive carbon black, conductive graphite.
The second conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: carbon nanotubes, graphene.
The positive electrode binder is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylate and polytetrafluoroethylene.
The negative plate is composed of a negative active material, a conductive agent, a negative binder and a thickening agent.
The mass percentages of the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the negative electrode binder and the thickening agent are respectively 95-98%, 0.5-1.5%, 1.0-3% and 0.5-1.5%.
The negative active material is a mixture of one or more of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, modified natural graphite, silicon-carbon negative electrodes, silicon-oxygen negative electrodes, and graphene modified graphite.
The conductive agent is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive graphite.
The thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the relative molecular mass of the thickening agent is 5000-500000.
The negative electrode binder is a mixture of low-temperature-resistant flexible glue and styrene butadiene rubber which are mixed according to a certain proportion, and the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue accounts for 0.1-99.9% and the styrene butadiene rubber accounts for 0.1-99.9% by weight, wherein the relative molecular mass of the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue is 5000-1000000, and the molecular weight of the styrene butadiene rubber is 5000-1000000. Preferably, the relative molecular mass of the low temperature resistant flexible glue is 5000-100000. Preferably, the ratio of the low-temperature-resistant flexible rubber to the styrene butadiene rubber is 50%: 50% (mass ratio).
The low-temperature-resistant flexible adhesive is polyacrylate emulsion.
The styrene-butadiene rubber is commercially available styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion.
The low-temperature-resistant flexible glue is a polyacrylate polymer with a lower glass transition temperature, and the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue contains a polymer with a functional group with a low glass transition temperature, so that the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue shows good flexibility at low temperature. The flexible molecular chain segment is beneficial to the conduction of lithium ions at low temperature, and promotes the transmission of the lithium ions at an electrode-electrolyte interface so as to improve the low-temperature rapid charge and discharge performance of the lithium ion battery.
The diaphragm paper is one of polyethylene, polypropylene, ceramic-coated polyethylene and ceramic-coated polypropylene with a three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure.
The electrolyte comprises a solvent, a solute and a functional additive.
The solvent, the solute and the functional additive are respectively in the following mass percentage: 74.0-87.0%, 12.0-18.0% and 1.0-8.0%.
The solvent is a mixture of two or more than two of the following substances: ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate trifluoride, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, butylene carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate.
The solute is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium fluoride, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium tetracyanoborate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
The functional additive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, diethyl sulfite, lithium difluorooxalato borate.
The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 74-78.5% of solvent (consisting of 19-20% of ethylene carbonate, 19-20% of propylene carbonate, 19-20% of ethyl methyl carbonate and 17-18.5% of butyl acetate), 12-16.5% of solute (consisting of 5-6.5% of lithium hexafluorophosphate and 7-10% of lithium tetrafluoroborate), and 1-5% of functional additive (consisting of 0.3-2% of vinylene carbonate, 0.3-1.5% of fluoroethylene carbonate and 0.4-1.5% of propylene sulfite).
The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 76-82% of solvent (consisting of 19-20% of ethylene carbonate, 19-20% of propylene carbonate, 19-21% of ethyl methyl carbonate and 19-21% of butyl acetate), 14-17% of solute (consisting of 7-8% of lithium hexafluorophosphate and 7-9% of lithium fluoride), and 4-7% of functional additive (consisting of 1.3-2% of vinylene carbonate, 1.3-2.5% of fluoroethylene carbonate and 1.4-2.5% of propylene sulfite).
The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 78.5-87% of solvent (consisting of 19-21% of ethylene carbonate, 19.5-21% of propylene carbonate, 20-22.5% of ethyl methyl carbonate and 20-22.5% of butyl acetate), 16.5-18% of solute (consisting of 8-9% of lithium hexafluorophosphate and 8.5-9% of lithium tetracyanoborate), and 5-8% of functional additive (consisting of 1-2% of vinylene carbonate, 2-3% of fluoroethylene carbonate and 2-3% of propylene sulfite).
The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 74-82% of solvent (consisting of 19-21% of ethylene carbonate, 19-21% of propylene carbonate, 18-20% of ethyl methyl carbonate and 18-20% of butyl acetate), 12-17% of solute (consisting of 6-9% of lithium hexafluorophosphate and 6-8% of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate), and 1-7% of functional additive (consisting of 0.3-2% of vinylene carbonate, 0.3-2% of fluoroethylene carbonate and 0.4-3% of propylene sulfite).
The electrolyte comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 76-87% of solvent (consisting of 19-21% of ethylene carbonate, 19-22% of propylene carbonate, 19-22% of ethyl methyl carbonate and 19-22% of butyl propionate), 14-18% of solute (consisting of 7-9% of lithium hexafluorophosphate and 7-9% of lithium difluorooxalato borate), and 4-8% of functional additive (consisting of 1.3-2% of vinylene carbonate, 1.3-3% of fluoroethylene carbonate and 1.4-3% of propylene sulfite).
The preparation method of the electrolyte comprises the following steps: in the environment with the water content less than or equal to 1%, sequentially adding the solvents calculated according to the mass percentage into the reaction kettle, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the functional additives calculated according to the mass percentage, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the solutes calculated according to the mass percentage, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain the electrolyte.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps: and sequentially winding the positive plate, the diaphragm paper and the negative plate into a circle to obtain a bare cell, packaging by a steel shell, baking, injecting the electrolyte, sealing, standing, forming and testing the capacity to finish the manufacture of the 2Ah cylindrical 18650 lithium ion battery.
Example 1:
preparing electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature: taking the following components in percentage by weight: solvent 76% (consisting of 15.2% ethylene carbonate, 15.2% propylene carbonate, 30.4% ethyl methyl carbonate, 15.2% butyl acetate), solute 17% (consisting of 8% lithium hexafluorophosphate, 9% lithium tetrafluoroborate), functional additive 7% (consisting of 2% vinylene carbonate, 2% fluoroethylene carbonate, 3% propylene sulfite). And sequentially adding the solvents into the reaction kettle in an environment with the water content less than or equal to 1%, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the functional additives, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the solutes, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain the electrolyte.
The preparation process of the positive plate of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises the following steps: according to the weight ratio of solids, the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, the polyvinylidene fluoride, the conductive carbon and the carbon nano tube are mixed according to the proportion of 97.4%, 1.6%, 0.5% and 0.5%, and the uniformly dispersed anode slurry is obtained through high-speed stirring. And (3) uniformly coating the anode slurry on two surfaces of the aluminum foil according to the process, drying, rolling and cutting to obtain the anode sheet.
The preparation process of the negative plate of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises the following steps: according to the solid weight ratio, a mixture negative electrode binder consisting of artificial graphite, low-temperature-resistant flexible rubber and styrene butadiene rubber, a conductive agent and a thickening agent are mixed according to the proportion of 95.9%, 2.0%, 1.0% and 1.1%, and uniformly dispersed negative electrode slurry is obtained through high-speed stirring. And uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on two surfaces of the copper foil according to the process, drying, rolling and slitting to obtain the negative electrode sheet.
The diaphragm paper is made of a commercially available polypropylene porous membrane and is cut according to the process size.
The preparation process of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature comprises the following steps: and sequentially winding the manufactured positive plate, the diaphragm and the manufactured negative plate into a circle to obtain a bare cell, packaging by a steel shell, baking, injecting the electrolyte, sealing, standing, forming and testing the capacity to finish the manufacture of the 2Ah cylindrical 18650 lithium ion battery.
Example 2:
preparing electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature: taking the following components in percentage by weight: solvent 87% (consisting of 19% ethylene carbonate, 17% propylene carbonate, 34% ethyl methyl carbonate, 17% butyl acetate), solute 12% (consisting of 10% lithium hexafluorophosphate, 2% lithium fluoride), functional additive 1% (consisting of 0.3% vinylene carbonate, 0.4% fluoroethylene carbonate, 0.3% propylene sulfite).
The electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The assembly of the lithium ion battery positive plate, negative plate, separator paper and lithium ion battery which can be rapidly charged at low temperature is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3:
preparing electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature: taking the following components in percentage by weight: solvent 82% (consisting of 16.4% ethylene carbonate, 16.4% propylene carbonate, 32.8% ethyl methyl carbonate, 16.4% butyl acetate), solute 14% (consisting of 12.5% lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1.5% lithium tetracyanoborate), functional additive 4% (consisting of 2% vinylene carbonate, 1% fluoroethylene carbonate, 1% propylene sulfite.
The electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The assembly of the lithium ion battery positive plate, negative plate, separator paper and lithium ion battery which can be rapidly charged at low temperature is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4:
preparing electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature: taking the following components in percentage by weight: solvent 78.5% (consisting of 15.7% ethylene carbonate, 15.7% propylene carbonate, 31.4% ethyl methyl carbonate, 15.7% butyl acetate), solute 16.5% (consisting of 15% lithium hexafluorophosphate, 1.5% lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate), functional additive 5% (consisting of 2% vinylene carbonate, 1% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2% propylene sulfite); the electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The assembly of the lithium ion battery positive plate, negative plate, separator paper and lithium ion battery which can be rapidly charged at low temperature is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5:
preparing electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature: taking the following components in percentage by weight: solvent 74% (consisting of 14.8% ethylene carbonate, 14.8% propylene carbonate, 29.6% ethyl methyl carbonate, 14.8% butyl acetate), solute 18% (consisting of 15% lithium hexafluorophosphate, 3% lithium difluorooxalatoborate), functional additive 8% (consisting of 1% vinylene carbonate, 5% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2% propylene sulfite). The electrolyte was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The assembly of the lithium ion battery positive plate, negative plate, separator paper and lithium ion battery which can be rapidly charged at low temperature is the same as that of example 1.
Use effect experiment:
low-temperature charge-discharge test environmental conditions: -20 ℃ plus or minus 1 ℃,
and (3) charge-discharge cycle setting:
step 1: charging to 4.20V at constant current and constant voltage of 0.5C, and cutting off the current of 0.01C;
step 2: standing for 5 min;
and 3, step 3: 1.0C to 3.0V;
and 4, step 4: standing for 5 min;
and 5, step 5: the steps 1 to 4 are circulated for 20 times;
and 6, step 6: and (6) ending.
The results of the low temperature (-20 ℃) cycling performance tests of the lithium ion batteries prepared in the above five examples are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5: the lithium ion battery electrolyte capable of being rapidly charged and discharged at low temperature is used, so that the low-temperature rapid charging and discharging performance of the lithium ion battery is remarkably improved.
Variations and modifications of the above-described embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, in light of the above teachings. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all modifications, substitutions and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (4)
1. The electrolyte of the lithium ion battery capable of being rapidly charged at low temperature is characterized by comprising a solvent, a solute and a functional additive;
the solvent, the solute and the functional additive are respectively in the following mass percentage: 74.0% -87.0%, 12.0-18.0% and 1.0-8.0%;
the solvent is a mixture of two or more than two of the following substances: ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate trifluoride, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, butylene carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate;
the solute is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium fluoride, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium tetracyanoborate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate;
the functional additive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following substances: fluoroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene sulfite, propylene sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, diethyl sulfite, lithium difluorooxalato borate.
2. The preparation method of the electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is obtained by sequentially adding the solvents calculated by mass percent into a reaction kettle in an environment with the moisture content of less than or equal to 1%, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the functional additives calculated by mass percent, stirring for 15min, sequentially adding the solutes calculated by mass percent, and continuing to stir for 30 min.
3. A lithium ion battery prepared by using the electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the lithium ion battery comprises a battery outer shell and a battery cell;
the battery outer shell is made of a steel material, an aluminum material or an aluminum-plastic three-layer composite material;
the battery cell consists of a positive plate, a negative plate, diaphragm paper and the electrolyte filled in the battery cell;
the positive plate consists of a positive active substance, a first conductive agent, a second conductive agent and a positive binder;
the mass percentages of the positive active substance, the conductive agent I, the conductive agent II and the positive binder are respectively 96-97.5%, 0.5-1.0% and 1.5-2.0%;
the positive active substance is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: lithium cobaltate, lithium nickel cobaltate, aluminum-doped modified lithium nickel cobaltate, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickelate, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate and lithium vanadium phosphate;
the first conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: conductive carbon black, conductive graphite;
the second conductive agent is one or a mixture of two of the following substances: carbon nanotubes, graphene;
the positive electrode binder is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylate and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the negative plate consists of a negative active substance, a conductive agent, a negative binder and a thickening agent;
the mass percentages of the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the negative electrode binder and the thickening agent are respectively 95-98%, 0.5-1.5%, 1.0-3% and 0.5-1.5%;
the negative active material is a mixture of one or more of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, modified natural graphite, silicon-carbon negative electrodes, silicon-oxygen negative electrodes, graphene modified graphite;
the conductive agent is a mixture of one or more of the following substances: conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive graphite;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the relative molecular mass of the thickening agent is 5000-500000;
the negative electrode binder is a mixture of low-temperature-resistant flexible glue and styrene butadiene rubber which are mixed according to a certain proportion, the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue accounts for 0.1-99.9 percent, and the styrene butadiene rubber accounts for 0.1-99.9 percent, wherein the relative molecular mass of the low-temperature-resistant flexible glue is 5000-1000000, and the molecular weight of the styrene butadiene rubber is 5000-1000000;
the low-temperature-resistant flexible adhesive is polyacrylate emulsion;
the styrene-butadiene rubber is commercially available styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion;
the diaphragm paper is one of polyethylene, polypropylene, ceramic-coated polyethylene and ceramic-coated polypropylene with a three-dimensional net-shaped porous structure.
4. The preparation method of the lithium ion battery of claim 3, wherein the positive plate, the diaphragm paper and the negative plate are sequentially wound into a circle to obtain a bare cell, the bare cell is packaged by a steel shell and then baked, the electrolyte is injected, the sealing, the standing, the formation and the capacity testing are performed, and the preparation of the lithium ion battery is completed.
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| CN113140800A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-20 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Preparation method of lithium ion battery electrolyte and secondary battery containing electrolyte |
| CN113659191A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-16 | 河南福森新能源科技有限公司 | Power type low-temperature lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
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