CN111968469A

CN111968469A - Teaching is with single slit diffraction and double slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device

Info

Publication number: CN111968469A
Application number: CN202011146846.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 翟慧慧
Original assignee: Nanjing Jumping Dada Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Taian High Tech Education Service Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-23
Also published as: CN113012542B; CN111968469B; CN113012542A

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device for teaching, which comprises a first base and a second base, wherein threaded rods are fixedly connected to the lower end surfaces of the first base and the second base, nut seats are connected to the threaded rods in a threaded mode, a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate are fixedly connected to one ends, close to each other, of the first base and the second base respectively, and the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected through a first sliding chute in a sliding mode. According to the invention, the adjusting part is arranged, the rotating ring is manually shifted, so that the sliding column slides in the arc-shaped sliding groove, and meanwhile, the sliding column slides in the sliding rail to drive the fan-shaped baffles to move until the six fan-shaped baffles are mutually matched to complete closing or complete opening, so that the device has a good demonstration effect, and the process and change of single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference of light can be fully revealed.

Description

Teaching is with single slit diffraction and double slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching demonstration tools, in particular to a single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device for teaching.

Background

Single slit diffraction is a phenomenon that light encounters an obstacle during propagation, and light waves continue to propagate by bypassing the obstacle. Diffraction phenomena are most pronounced if the wavelength is comparable to or larger than the size of the slot, hole or obstruction. The double slit interference is that parallel monochromatic light is projected onto a baffle plate with two slits, the slits are very close to each other, the light waves of the parallel light are transmitted to the slits simultaneously, the parallel light and the slit light form two wave sources with the same vibration condition, the two wave sources are called coherent wave sources, the light emitted by the two wave sources is mutually superposed in the space behind the baffle plate, and the interference phenomenon is generated.

The single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference are both important knowledge points in physics and are relatively basic physical experiments in the physical teaching process, the discussion of the light intensity distribution rule and the distance is more important and difficult, in the aspect of experimental demonstration, the qualitative observation is mainly used at present, namely, laser is used as a light source to directly irradiate a single-slit or double-slit device, and then the mode that human eyes observe on an observation screen is adopted, so that the existing demonstration instrument is not easy to popularize in classroom teaching, is inconvenient to demonstrate and influences the experimental effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an integrated device for demonstrating single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiments for teaching.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a single slit diffraction and double slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device for teaching comprises a first base and a second base, wherein threaded rods are fixedly connected to the lower end faces of the first base and the second base, nut seats are connected to the threaded rods in a threaded manner, a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate are fixedly connected to the ends, close to each other, of the first base and the second base respectively, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected in a sliding manner through a first sliding chute, a bearing seat is fixedly connected to the side, away from the second base, of the upper end face of the first base, a laser light source is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the bearing seat, a supporting rod is fixedly connected to the side, close to the second base, of the bearing seat, a connecting rod is arranged on the supporting rod, a first sleeve and a second sleeve are fixedly connected to the two sides of the connecting rod respectively, and a limiting, be equipped with regulating part on first sleeve and the second sleeve respectively, the second spout has been seted up on the second base, the second spout is embedded to have a slider, slider fixedly connected with sliding seat, fixedly connected with electric telescopic handle on the sliding seat, electric telescopic handle's output fixedly connected with light screen, be equipped with the removal portion on the second base.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

spacing portion includes annular breach, bar spout, annular spout, spacing post, spacing groove and sliding block, keep away from on the bracing piece accept seat one side and seted up annular breach, bar spout and annular spout have been seted up on the annular breach, two spacing posts of fixedly connected with on the annular breach, seted up on the connecting rod with annular breach and spacing post matched with spacing groove, spacing inslot portion side table wall fixedly connected with bar spout and annular spout matched with sliding block.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

the regulating part comprises a slide rail, a slide column, a fan-shaped baffle, a rotating ring and an arc-shaped sliding groove, the slide rail is fixedly connected with the slide rail, the slide rail is embedded with the slide column, the fan-shaped baffle is fixedly connected with the slide column, the rotating ring is clamped on the slide column, the rotating ring is provided with the arc-shaped sliding groove matched with the slide column, and the strip-shaped through groove which is formed by two mutually parallel arrangements is formed in the fan-shaped baffle in the regulating part of the second sleeve.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

the movable part comprises a vertical plate, a supporting plate, a miniature servo motor, a rotary plate, a clamping ring, a rotary shaft, a gear and a rack, the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the second base, the vertical plate is far away from the supporting plate fixedly connected to one side of the second base, the miniature servo motor is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, the output end of the miniature servo motor runs through the rotary plate which is coaxially arranged on the vertical plate and fixedly connected to the rotary plate, the rotary plate is far away from the clamping ring fixedly connected to one side of the vertical plate, the rotary shaft is rotatably connected to the second base, the gear which is coaxially arranged on the upper end face of the rotary shaft is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft, one side of the gear is connected with the clamping ring in a clamping.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

the bar spout is equipped with two, and two the bar spout about the axis symmetry of annular spout sets up, two the one end of bar spout respectively with the annular spout is linked together.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

slide rail, traveller, fan-shaped baffle and arc spout are provided with six respectively, and all about the change is the annular array and distributes the setting.

As a further description of the above technical solution:

the snap ring is arranged in a spiral shape, and the pitch of the snap ring is equal to that of the gear.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the threaded rods are arranged on the lower end surfaces of the first base and the second base, and the threaded rods are in threaded connection with the nut seats, so that the height positions of the first base and the second base can be adjusted, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are respectively arranged at the ends, close to each other, of the first base and the second base, and are in sliding connection through the first sliding groove, so that the distance between the first base and the second base can be adjusted, and light can be displayed on the light screen more clearly, and the teaching demonstration and use are facilitated.

2. According to the invention, the connecting rod is clamped on the supporting rod through the limiting groove by arranging the annular notch, the strip-shaped sliding groove, the annular sliding groove, the limiting column, the limiting groove and the sliding block, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting rod, when the sleeve corresponding to the laser light source needs to be replaced, the connecting rod is manually pushed to slide in the annular notch, meanwhile, the sliding block slides in the strip-shaped sliding groove until the sliding block slides into the annular sliding groove, rotates 180 degrees along the annular sliding groove, slides back to the original position along the strip-shaped sliding groove, and the limiting groove is clamped by the limiting column to realize.

3. According to the invention, the adjusting part is arranged, the rotating ring is manually shifted, so that the sliding column slides in the arc-shaped sliding groove, and meanwhile, the sliding column slides in the sliding rail to drive the fan-shaped baffles to move until the six fan-shaped baffles are mutually matched to complete closing or complete opening, so that the device has a good demonstration effect, and the process and change of single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference of light can be fully revealed.

4. According to the invention, the moving part is arranged, the turntable and the clamping ring are driven to rotate through the miniature servo motor, the clamping ring rotates to drive the gear to rotate, the gear rotates to drive the rack to move, the rack moves to drive the sliding seat and the light screen to move, the fine adjustment of the position of the light screen is realized, and a better display effect is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first sleeve adjustment part according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another state of the first sleeve adjustment part according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the second sleeve adjustment portion according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the first and second base structures of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the stopper structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a moving part according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a snap ring structure according to the present invention.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a first base; 2. a second base; 3. a threaded rod; 4. a nut seat; 5. a first connecting plate; 6. a second connecting plate; 7. a first chute; 8. a bearing seat; 9. a laser light source; 10. a support bar; 11. a connecting rod; 12. a first sleeve; 13. a second sleeve; 14. an annular gap; 15. a strip-shaped chute; 16. an annular chute; 17. a limiting column; 18. a limiting groove; 19. a slider; 20. a slide rail; 21. a traveler; 22. a fan-shaped baffle plate; 23. rotating the ring; 24. an arc-shaped chute; 25. a strip-shaped through groove; 26. a second chute; 27. a sliding seat; 28. an electric telescopic rod; 29. a light screen; 30. a vertical plate; 31. a support plate; 32. a micro servo motor; 33. a turntable; 34. a snap ring; 35. a rotating shaft; 36. a gear; 37. a rack.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1-8, a single slit diffraction and double slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device for teaching comprises a first base 1 and a second base 2, wherein the lower end surfaces of the first base 1 and the second base 2 are fixedly connected with a threaded rod 3, the threaded rod 3 is in threaded connection with a nut seat 4, the ends of the first base 1 and the second base 2 close to each other are respectively and fixedly connected with a first connecting plate 5 and a second connecting plate 6, the first connecting plate 5 and the second connecting plate 6 are in sliding connection through a first chute 7, the side of the upper end surface of the first base 1 far away from the second base 2 is fixedly connected with a bearing seat 8, the upper end surface of the bearing seat 8 is fixedly connected with a laser light source 9, the side of the bearing seat 8 close to the second base 2 is fixedly connected with a support rod 10, the support rod 10 is provided with a connecting rod 11, the two sides of the connecting rod 11 are respectively and fixedly connected with a first, the support rod 10 is provided with a limiting part, the first sleeve 12 and the second sleeve 13 are respectively provided with an adjusting part, the second base 2 is provided with a second chute 26, a slide block is embedded in the second chute 26 and fixedly connected with a sliding seat 27, the sliding seat 27 is fixedly connected with an electric telescopic rod 28, the output end of the electric telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected with a light screen 29, the second base 2 is provided with a moving part, the lower end surfaces of the first base 1 and the second base 2 are respectively provided with a threaded rod 3, the threaded rod 3 is respectively in threaded connection with a nut seat 4, so that the height positions of the first base 1 and the second base 2 can be adjusted, the ends of the first base 1 and the second base 2 close to each other are respectively provided with a first connecting plate 5 and a second connecting plate 6, the first connecting plate 5 and the second connecting plate 6 are in sliding connection through a first chute 7, so that the distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2 can be adjusted, thereby making the light more clearly displayed on the light screen 29 and facilitating the use of teaching demonstration.

The limiting part comprises an annular notch 14, a strip-shaped sliding groove 15, an annular sliding groove 16, a limiting post 17, a limiting groove 18 and a sliding block 19, one side of the support rod 10, which is far away from the bearing seat 8, is provided with the annular notch 14, the annular notch 14 is provided with the strip-shaped sliding groove 15 and the annular sliding groove 16, the annular notch 14 is fixedly connected with the two limiting posts 17, the connecting rod 11 is provided with the limiting groove 18 matched with the annular notch 14 and the limiting post 17, the side surface wall in the limiting groove 18 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 19 matched with the strip-shaped sliding groove 15 and the annular sliding groove 16, when the sleeve corresponding to the laser light source 9 needs to be replaced, the connecting rod 11 is manually pushed to slide in the annular notch 14, and meanwhile, the sliding block 19 slides in the strip-shaped sliding groove 15 until the sliding block 19 slides into the annular sliding groove 16, rotates 180 degrees along the annular sliding groove 16, slides back to the original position along the strip-shaped sliding groove 15, and is clamped by the limiting post 17 to realize limiting.

Regulating part includes slide rail 20, traveller 21, fan-shaped baffle 22, change 23 and arc spout 24, fixedly connected with slide rail 20 on the first sleeve 12, slide rail 20 is embedded to have traveller 21, fixedly connected with fan-shaped baffle 22 on the traveller 21, the card is equipped with change 23 on the traveller 21, seted up on the change 23 with traveller 21 matched with arc spout 24, set up two bar logical grooves 25 of parallel arrangement each other on the fan-shaped baffle 22 on the regulating part of second sleeve 13, change the change 23 through manual stirring, make traveller 21 slide in arc spout 24, traveller 21 slides in slide rail 20 simultaneously, it removes to drive fan-shaped baffle 22, it is closed or open completely to accomplish mutually supporting between fan-shaped baffle 22, make this device have good demonstration effect, can show the process that single slit diffraction and double slit of light interfere and the dribble that the change shows.

The moving part comprises a vertical plate 30, a supporting plate 31, a micro servo motor 32, a rotary plate 33, a clamping ring 34, a rotary shaft 35, a gear 36 and a rack 37, the vertical plate 30 is fixedly connected to the second base 2, the supporting plate 31 is fixedly connected to one side of the vertical plate 30 far away from the second base 2, the micro servo motor 32 is fixedly connected to the supporting plate 31, the output end of the micro servo motor 32 penetrates through the vertical plate 30 and is fixedly connected with the coaxially arranged rotary plate 33, the clamping ring 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotary plate 33 far away from the vertical plate 30, the rotary shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the second base 2, the coaxially arranged gear 36 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the rotary shaft 35, one side of the gear 36 is clamped with the clamping ring 34, the other side of the gear 36 is meshed with the rack 37, the rack 37 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, the gear 36 rotates to drive the rack 37 to move, and the rack 37 moves to drive the sliding seat 27 and the light screen 29 to move, so that the position of the light screen 29 is finely adjusted, and a better display effect is achieved.

The number of the strip-shaped sliding grooves 15 is two, the two strip-shaped sliding grooves 15 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the annular sliding groove 16, and one ends of the two strip-shaped sliding grooves 15 are respectively communicated with the annular sliding groove 16.

Six slide rails 20, six slide posts 21, six fan-shaped baffles 22 and six arc-shaped slide grooves 24 are respectively arranged and are distributed in an annular array relative to the rotating ring 23.

The snap ring 34 is arranged in a spiral shape, and the pitch of the snap ring 34 is equal to the pitch of the gear 36, so that when the snap ring 34 rotates for one circle, the gear 36 rotates to drive the rack 37 and the sliding seat 27 to move for a pitch distance, and the fine adjustment of the position of the light screen 29 is realized.

The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, firstly, the height positions of the first base 1 and the second base 2 are adjusted by rotating the nut seat 4, after the height is adjusted to a proper height, the distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2 is adjusted by sliding the first connecting plate 5 and the second connecting plate 6 in the first sliding chute 7, after the adjustment is completed, the laser light source 9 is turned on, the rotating ring 23 is manually shifted, the sliding column 21 slides in the arc-shaped sliding chute 24, the sliding column 21 slides in the sliding rail 20, the sector baffles 22 are driven to move until the sector baffles 22 are mutually matched to complete the closing or the complete opening, the process and the change of the single-slit diffraction of light are displayed on the light screen 29, meanwhile, the height of the light screen 29 can be adjusted by the electric telescopic rod 28, the micro servo motor 32 is started to drive the rotating disc 33 and the clamping ring 34 to rotate, the clamping ring 34 is rotated to drive the gear 36 to rotate, the gear 36 drives, the rack 37 moves to drive the sliding seat 27 and the light screen 29 to move, fine adjustment of the position of the light screen 29 is achieved until the best display effect is achieved, when a sleeve corresponding to the laser light source 9 needs to be replaced, the connecting rod 11 is manually pushed to slide in the annular notch 14, meanwhile, the sliding block 19 slides in the strip-shaped sliding groove 15 until the sliding block 19 slides into the annular sliding groove 16, the sliding block rotates 180 degrees along the annular sliding groove 16, then the sliding block slides back to the original position along the strip-shaped sliding groove 15, the limiting groove 18 is clamped through the limiting column 17 to achieve limiting, and the sleeve is replaced.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration integrated device for teaching comprises a first base (1) and a second base (2) and is characterized in that threaded rods (3) are fixedly connected to the lower end faces of the first base (1) and the second base (2), nut seats (4) are connected to the threaded rods (3) in a threaded mode, one ends, close to each other, of the first base (1) and the second base (2) are fixedly connected with a first connecting plate (5) and a second connecting plate (6) respectively, the first connecting plate (5) and the second connecting plate (6) are connected in a sliding mode through a first sliding chute (7), a bearing seat (8) is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the second base (2), of the upper end face of the bearing seat (8), a laser light source (9) is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the bearing seat (8), a support rod (10) is fixedly connected to one side, close to the second base (2), be equipped with connecting rod (11) on bracing piece (10), the both sides difference first sleeve of fixedly connected with (12) and second sleeve (13) of connecting rod (11), be equipped with spacing portion on bracing piece (10), be equipped with regulation portion on first sleeve (12) and second sleeve (13) respectively, second spout (26) have been seted up on second base (2), second spout (26) are embedded to have the slider, slider fixedly connected with sliding seat (27), fixedly connected with electric telescopic handle (28) on sliding seat (27), the output fixedly connected with light screen (29) of electric telescopic handle (28), be equipped with the removal portion on second base (2).

2. The integrated device for teaching demonstration of single slit diffraction and double slit interference experiments as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the limiting part comprises an annular notch (14), a strip-shaped sliding groove (15), an annular sliding groove (16), a limiting column (17), a limiting groove (18) and a sliding block (19), the side of the support rod (10) far away from the bearing seat (8) is provided with the annular gap (14), the annular gap (14) is provided with a strip-shaped sliding chute (15) and an annular sliding chute (16), two limit posts (17) are fixedly connected on the annular gap (14), a limit groove (18) matched with the annular gap (14) and the limit posts (17) is arranged on the connecting rod (11), and the side surface wall in the limiting groove (18) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (19) matched with the strip-shaped sliding groove (15) and the annular sliding groove (16).

3. The integrated device for teaching single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration is characterized in that the adjusting portion comprises a sliding rail (20), a sliding column (21), a fan-shaped baffle (22), a rotating ring (23) and an arc-shaped sliding groove (24), the sliding rail (20) is fixedly connected to the first sleeve (12), the sliding column (21) is embedded in the sliding rail (20), the fan-shaped baffle (22) is fixedly connected to the sliding column (21), the rotating ring (23) is clamped on the sliding column (21), the arc-shaped sliding groove (24) matched with the sliding column (21) is formed in the rotating ring (23), and two strip-shaped through grooves (25) which are arranged in parallel to each other are formed in the fan-shaped baffle (22) in the adjusting portion of the second sleeve (13).

4. The integrated device for teaching single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moving part comprises a vertical plate (30), a supporting plate (31), a micro servo motor (32), a rotary plate (33), a clamping ring (34), a rotating shaft (35), a gear (36) and a rack (37), the vertical plate (30) is fixedly connected to the second base (2), the supporting plate (31) is fixedly connected to one side, away from the second base (2), of the vertical plate (30), the micro servo motor (32) is fixedly connected to the supporting plate (31), the output end of the micro servo motor (32) penetrates through the vertical plate (30) and is fixedly connected with the rotary plate (33) which is coaxially arranged, the clamping ring (34) is fixedly connected to one side, away from the vertical plate (30), of the rotary plate (33) is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft (35), the coaxial gear (36) that sets up of pivot (35) up end fixedly connected with, gear (36) one side and snap ring (34) joint, gear (36) opposite side meshing is connected with rack (37), rack (37) with sliding seat (27) fixed connection.

5. The integrated device for teaching single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration according to claim 2, wherein two strip-shaped sliding grooves (15) are provided, the two strip-shaped sliding grooves (15) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the annular sliding groove (16), and one ends of the two strip-shaped sliding grooves (15) are respectively communicated with the annular sliding groove (16).

6. The integrated device for teaching single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiment demonstration according to claim 3, wherein the slide rail (20), the slide column (21), the fan-shaped baffle (22) and the arc-shaped slide groove (24) are respectively provided with six and are distributed and arranged in an annular array relative to the rotating ring (23).

7. The integrated device for teaching demonstration of single-slit diffraction and double-slit interference experiments as claimed in claim 4, wherein the snap ring (34) is arranged in a spiral shape, and the pitch of the snap ring (34) is equal to the pitch of the gear (36).