CN111967711A - Method for determining unfavorable working conditions in containment related to accident strategy of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Method for determining unfavorable working conditions in containment related to accident strategy of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear safety evaluation, and relates to a method for determining unfavorable working conditions in a safe shell related to accident strategies of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant. The determination method comprises the following steps: (1) dividing the operation conditions; (2) judging whether the working condition can cause great change of the environmental condition of the containment vessel; (3) analyzing an event brought into the normal working condition of the containment; (4) analyzing events involving adverse operating conditions of the containment vessel; (5) analyzing the influence of environmental conditions on the display precision of the instrument; (6) and analyzing the boundary value of the environmental condition between the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition by combining the characteristics of the instrument. By using the method for determining the unfavorable working condition in the containment related to the accident strategy of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be more accurately determined, so that the influence of the instrument error on the accident handling strategy fixed value under the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be considered on the basis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear safety evaluation, and relates to a method for determining unfavorable working conditions in a safe shell related to accident strategies of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant.
Background
For a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the containment serves as a third barrier for preventing radioactive substances from leaking out, so that potential radioactive release consequences after an accident can be relieved, and the radioactive substances are retained. When accidents such as primary circuit breach and steam pipeline rupture occur in a nuclear power plant, the containment vessel can bear high temperature and high pressure in the shell caused by the accidents. But as the accident progresses, the pressure of the containment vessel rises, and finally the relevant system for cooling the containment vessel is put into operation to ensure the integrity of the containment vessel; meanwhile, the adverse environmental conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high radiation borne by the containment vessel also have great influence on the measuring instrument in the containment vessel.
When and after an accident occurs, the environmental condition of the containment vessel deteriorates, and the error of the measuring instrument in the containment vessel exceeds the precision range of the instrument error under the normal working condition. According to environmental conditions and the characteristics of the instrument, the unfavorable working condition can cause an error to become larger than the normal working condition. When accidents such as primary circuit breach and steam pipeline rupture occur in a power plant, the environment in the containment vessel deteriorates, and a large amount of mass energy is released to generate large influence on errors of related measuring instruments. If the instrument error under the normal working condition is always considered for the fixed value, the measurement result is inaccurate, the large error under the unfavorable working condition of the containment cannot be enveloped, and the effectiveness of the fixed value of the important parameter in the accident handling strategy of the nuclear power plant can be influenced. Therefore, the condition of the adverse working condition of the containment needs to be determined, and the influence of the instrument error on the accident handling strategy constant value under the adverse working condition of the containment is further considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining the unfavorable working condition in the containment related to the accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, so that the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be more accurately determined, and the influence of the instrument error on the accident handling strategy fixed value under the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be considered on the basis.
To achieve this object, in a basic embodiment, the present invention provides a method for determining an adverse condition in a containment vessel associated with a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant accident strategy, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) dividing the operation conditions: aiming at the operation working conditions of the nuclear power plant, according to the predicted event occurrence frequency and the influence of potential radioactivity consequences on the public, the operation working conditions are divided into four types, namely a type I working condition, a type II working condition, a type III working condition and a type IV working condition;
(2) judging whether the working condition can cause great change of the environmental condition of the containment vessel: judging events which may occur in the life of the nuclear power plant, judging whether the events can generate mass energy release to the containment environment, so that the temperature and the pressure in the containment are obviously raised, and bringing the working condition which causes the mass energy release in the containment into the range of boundary condition analysis of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment;
(3) analyzing the event including the normal working condition of the containment: according to analysis, accident conditions including I-type and II-type working conditions possibly occurring in the service life of a power plant are brought into the range of normal working conditions of a containment vessel according to the frequency of accident occurrence, the working conditions which can cause the release of the matter in the containment vessel in the working conditions are analyzed, and the normal working conditions of the containment vessel envelop the working conditions;
(4) analyzing events involving adverse conditions of the containment: the working conditions corresponding to the accident regulations comprise design reference working conditions and design expansion working conditions under which fuel is not obviously degraded, and the working conditions which cause the release of the matter energy in the containment vessel in other working conditions except the I-type working conditions and the II-type working conditions are all considered within the range of the unfavorable working conditions of the containment vessel;
(5) analyzing the influence of environmental conditions on the display precision of the instrument;
(6) analyzing the boundary value of the environmental conditions of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition by combining the characteristics of the instrument: determining the environmental boundary conditions of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment, and bringing the normal operation environmental conditions of the containment into the range of the normal working condition of the containment by combining the analysis of the step (3) for the normal working condition of the containment; and (4) for the unfavorable working condition of the containment, combining the analysis in the step (4) to bring the environmental condition of the corresponding working condition envelope into the range of the unfavorable working condition of the containment.
When accidents such as a primary loop breach and steam pipeline rupture occur in a nuclear power plant, the release of a large amount of mass energy in the containment vessel can greatly affect the errors of related measuring instruments, and further can affect the effectiveness of important parameter fixed values in an accident handling strategy of the nuclear power plant. In order to ensure that the parameter fixed value in the accident handling strategy is effective, the instrument error, especially the instrument error under the condition of the unfavorable working condition of the containment, needs to be considered in the fixed value setting.
In order to take the influence of the adverse working condition of the containment into consideration, the uncertainty of the instrument cannot be excessively considered due to the accident handling strategy fixed value under the normal working condition caused by the error of the instrument under the adverse working condition of the containment, and the working condition of the containment is divided into the normal working condition of the containment and the adverse working condition of the containment. The uncertainty of the instrument under the normal working condition of the containment is used under the normal working condition of the containment, the error of the instrument becomes large under the condition of the unfavorable working condition of the containment, and the error of the instrument under the unfavorable working condition of the containment is used at the moment. Therefore, the critical point from the normal working condition to the unfavorable working condition of the containment vessel must be determined, and finally the identification condition of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment vessel is determined.
According to various accident conditions responded by a nuclear power plant, accident conditions possibly occurring in the life period are screened out according to the accident occurrence frequency, whether the accident conditions can be brought into normal or unfavorable containment environment conditions is analyzed and judged, and finally boundary points of the normal containment environment conditions are confirmed by combining the characteristics of a measuring instrument, so that the method for determining the unfavorable containment conditions is provided.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (1), the condition I is normal operation, and the condition I comprises an event which is expected to occur frequently or regularly during normal operation and refueling and maintenance of the nuclear power plant.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (1), the type II condition is expected operation, the type II condition belongs to medium-frequency events, and one or more deviation processes from normal operation exist in the operation life, so long as a protection system can normally operate, serious consequences cannot occur, and generally occur every year.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse operating condition in a containment related to accident strategies of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (1), the class III operating condition is a rare accident, and the class III operating condition generally rarely occurs in the whole operating life.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (1), the IV-type condition is a limit accident which has extremely low probability of occurring in the operation life and is generally regarded as an accident condition which is extremely unlikely to occur, and once the condition occurs, a large amount of radioactive substances are released.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse operating condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (4), the environmental conditions enveloped by the adverse operating condition of the containment comprise containment temperature, pressure and irradiation conditions.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse in-containment condition associated with a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant accident strategy, wherein in step (5), the accuracy of the instrument display is calculated to take into account the accuracy of the instrument and all components of the passage.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (5), the influence of high-energy pipeline breakage, including the influence of temperature, pressure and irradiation, is considered for instrument errors under the adverse condition of the containment.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse operating condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (6), the normal operating environmental condition of the containment and the environmental condition of the corresponding operating condition envelope comprise temperature, pressure and irradiation.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a method for determining an adverse operating condition in a containment related to accident strategy of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, wherein in the step (6), the adverse operating condition of the containment and the environmental conditions enveloped by the corresponding operating conditions comprise temperature, pressure and irradiation.
The method for determining the unfavorable working condition in the containment related to the accident strategy of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant has the advantages that the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be more accurately determined, so that the influence of the instrument error on the accident handling strategy fixed value under the unfavorable working condition of the containment can be considered on the basis.
The beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in that:
(1) according to the invention, the working condition of the containment is divided into a normal working condition and an unfavorable working condition to be analyzed respectively. The influence of the adverse working condition of the containment vessel is taken into account in the parameter fixed value of the accident handling strategy, and the uncertainty of the instrument cannot be excessively considered in the accident handling strategy fixed value under the normal working condition due to the error of the instrument under the adverse working condition of the containment vessel. The instrument errors under the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment are respectively considered, and the method has important significance for guaranteeing the effectiveness of the fixed value of the important parameter in the accident handling strategy of the power plant.
(2) The invention combines the characteristics of the instrument in the shell to determine the factors influencing the precision of the instrument, and provides a method for determining the adverse working conditions in the containment related to the accident strategy of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant according to the frequency of accidents.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method of determining an adverse in-containment condition associated with a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant accident strategy of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An exemplary method for determining adverse conditions in a containment vessel associated with a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant accident strategy according to the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 and includes the following steps.
(1) Classifying accident conditions
Aiming at the operating conditions of the nuclear power plant, the operating conditions are specifically divided into the following four types according to the occurrence frequency of predicted events and potential radioactive consequences:
class I operating conditions-normal operation: events involved in such conditions generally refer to events that a nuclear power plant is expected to frequently or regularly occur during normal operation and refueling maintenance. Such as refueling, shutdown, startup, power operation, etc.
Class II operating conditions-expected operation: the working conditions belong to medium-frequency events, one or more processes deviating from normal operation exist in the operation life, and serious consequences can not occur as long as the protection system can normally operate, and generally can occur every year. Such as loss of power, accidental loss of water supply, steam turbine trip, etc.
Class III conditions-rare accidents: this type of operating condition generally occurs very rarely throughout the operating life. Such as evaporator heat transfer tube breakage, misloading of fuel assemblies, loss of circulating cooling flow, etc.
Class IV operating conditions-extreme accidents (hypothetical): the occurrence probability of the working conditions is extremely low in the operation life, the working conditions are generally regarded as accident working conditions which are extremely unlikely to occur, once the working conditions occur, a large amount of radioactive substances are released, and the working conditions need to be considered in the design. The integrity of the containment primary circuit must be guaranteed. Such as steam line breaks, main water supply line breaks, fuel handling accidents, etc.
(2) Whether the accident condition can cause great change of the environmental condition of the containment vessel is judged
For accident conditions possibly occurring in the service life of a power plant, the working conditions which can cause the release of the matter energy in the containment and cause obvious temperature rise and pressure rise changes in the shell are brought into the range of analysis of the boundary conditions of the normal working conditions and the unfavorable working conditions of the containment.
For example: when the turbine is shut down due to accident or normal water supply flow is lost, mass energy release in the containment cannot be caused under the working conditions, and the environmental conditions in the containment are within a normal range; when a primary loop break loss of coolant accident (LOCA) or a steam pipeline is broken, a large amount of mass energy can be released into the containment vessel, so that the temperature and the pressure in the containment vessel are increased, the working conditions can cause obvious change of the environmental conditions in the containment vessel, and the environmental conditions in the containment vessel at the moment belong to the range of unfavorable working conditions.
(3) Determining events involving normal and adverse conditions of containment
According to the frequency of the power plant events, the I-type working condition and the II-type working condition with high frequency of occurrence are brought into the range of the normal environment working condition of the containment. For the working conditions which can cause the release of the shell internal energy in the two working conditions, the condition that the containment can be enveloped by the environmental conditions under the normal working conditions is also determined; the working conditions which can cause the release of the internal energy of the containment vessel in other working conditions except the I-type working condition and the II-type working condition are considered within the range of unfavorable working conditions of the containment vessel, and the corresponding environmental conditions comprise the temperature, pressure and irradiation conditions of the containment vessel under the working conditions.
(4) Analyzing the impact of environmental conditions on meter accuracy
For a measuring instrument, the display accuracy of the instrument should include the accuracy of the instrument itself and the accuracy of all components of the channel, including the instrument error, the isolation module error, the I/O module error, and the display instrument error. Under adverse operating conditions, the error of the measuring instrument needs to be considered, including the influence caused by temperature, pressure and irradiation.
(5) Analyzing the boundary value of the environmental conditions between normal working condition and unfavorable working condition
According to the above analysis, the temperature, pressure and irradiation in the containment vessel can be used as key environmental factors for the working conditions of the containment vessel. Bringing the normal operation environmental condition of the containment vessel into the range of the normal working condition of the containment vessel, and bringing the environmental condition of the unfavorable working condition of the containment vessel into the corresponding range of the unfavorable working condition of the containment vessel. And finally, determining boundary conditions between normal and adverse working conditions by combining the influence of environmental conditions such as containment temperature, pressure, irradiation and the like on the accuracy of the instrument.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms or other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the unfavorable working conditions in the containment related to the accident strategy of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dividing the operation conditions: aiming at the operation working conditions of the nuclear power plant, according to the predicted event occurrence frequency and the influence of potential radioactivity consequences on the public, the operation working conditions are divided into four types, namely a type I working condition, a type II working condition, a type III working condition and a type IV working condition;
(2) judging whether the working condition can cause great change of the environmental condition of the containment vessel: judging events which may occur in the life of the nuclear power plant, judging whether the events can generate mass energy release to the containment environment, so that the temperature and the pressure in the containment are obviously raised, and bringing the working condition which causes the mass energy release in the containment into the range of boundary condition analysis of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment;
(3) analyzing the event including the normal working condition of the containment: according to analysis, accident conditions including I-type and II-type working conditions possibly occurring in the service life of a power plant are brought into the range of normal working conditions of a containment vessel according to the frequency of accident occurrence, the working conditions which can cause the release of the matter in the containment vessel in the working conditions are analyzed, and the normal working conditions of the containment vessel envelop the working conditions;
(4) analyzing events involving adverse conditions of the containment: the working conditions corresponding to the accident regulations comprise design reference working conditions and design expansion working conditions under which fuel is not obviously degraded, and the working conditions which cause the release of the matter energy in the containment vessel in other working conditions except the I-type working conditions and the II-type working conditions are all considered within the range of the unfavorable working conditions of the containment vessel;
(5) analyzing the influence of environmental conditions on the display precision of the instrument;
(6) analyzing the boundary value of the environmental conditions of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition by combining the characteristics of the instrument: determining the environmental boundary conditions of the normal working condition and the unfavorable working condition of the containment, and bringing the normal operation environmental conditions of the containment into the range of the normal working condition of the containment by combining the analysis of the step (3) for the normal working condition of the containment; and (4) for the unfavorable working condition of the containment, combining the analysis in the step (4) to bring the environmental condition of the corresponding working condition envelope into the range of the unfavorable working condition of the containment.
2. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the class I working condition is normal operation, and the events included in the working condition refer to events which are expected to occur frequently or regularly in the normal operation and the refueling and maintenance processes of the nuclear power plant.
3. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the class II working condition is expected operation, the working condition belongs to a medium-frequency event, and a process deviating from normal operation for one time or several times exists in the operation life, so that a very serious result cannot occur as long as the protection system can normally operate, and generally the working condition may occur every year.
4. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the class III working condition is a rare accident, and the working condition generally rarely occurs in the whole operation life.
5. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the IV working condition is a limit accident, the occurrence probability of the working condition is extremely low in the operation life period, the working condition is generally considered as an accident working condition which is extremely unlikely to occur, and once the working condition occurs, a large amount of radioactive substances are released.
6. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the environmental conditions enveloped by the unfavorable working conditions of the containment vessel comprise containment vessel temperature, pressure and irradiation conditions.
7. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), the display precision of the instrument is calculated according to the precision of the instrument and all components of the channel.
8. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), for the instrument error under the adverse working condition of the containment, the influence of high-energy pipeline breakage, including the influence of temperature, pressure and irradiation, needs to be considered.
9. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (6), the normal operation environment condition of the containment and the environment condition of the corresponding working condition envelope comprise temperature, pressure and irradiation.
10. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (6), the unfavorable working conditions of the containment and the environmental conditions enveloped by the working conditions comprise temperature, pressure and irradiation.
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| CN202010645059.1A CN111967711B (en) | 2020-07-07 | Method for determining unfavorable working conditions in containment related to accident strategy of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010645059.1A CN111967711B (en) | 2020-07-07 | Method for determining unfavorable working conditions in containment related to accident strategy of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant |
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| CN111967711A true CN111967711A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
| CN111967711B CN111967711B (en) | 2024-10-29 |
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