CN111967101A - Method for designing deep sea pressure simulation device through mechanical pressurization - Google Patents

Method for designing deep sea pressure simulation device through mechanical pressurization Download PDF

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CN111967101A
CN111967101A CN202010736514.9A CN202010736514A CN111967101A CN 111967101 A CN111967101 A CN 111967101A CN 202010736514 A CN202010736514 A CN 202010736514A CN 111967101 A CN111967101 A CN 111967101A
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郑百林
江伟
张锴
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:(S‑1)建模:在仿真软件ANSYS中建立深海压力模拟装置的模型,该模型包括耐压装置、与所述耐压装置连接的支撑部、以及与所述耐压装置连接的底座;(S‑2)逐步加压和拓扑优化:在步骤(S‑1)建立的模型上,通过所述支撑部向耐压装置施加模拟压力,通过底座对所述耐压装置进行固定约束;在优化过程中,对所述耐压装置施加模拟压力,对耐压装置进行拓扑优化,然后增加模拟压力,再次进行拓扑优化,依次类推至模拟压力为设计压力,拓扑优化得到所述深海压力模拟装置。与现有技术相比,本发明具有设计快捷方便、准确度高等优点。

Figure 202010736514

The invention relates to a method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device through mechanical compression, the method comprising the following steps: (S-1) modeling: establishing a model of a deep-sea pressure simulation device in the simulation software ANSYS, the model comprising a pressure-resistant device , the support part connected with the pressure-resistant device, and the base connected with the pressure-resistant device; (S-2) Stepwise pressurization and topology optimization: on the model established in step (S-1), through the The support part applies a simulated pressure to the pressure-resistant device, and the base is used to fix and constrain the pressure-resistant device; in the optimization process, a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device, topology optimization is performed on the pressure-resistant device, and then the simulated pressure is increased, Topology optimization is performed again, and so on until the simulated pressure is the design pressure, and the deep-sea pressure simulation device is obtained by topology optimization. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of fast and convenient design and high accuracy.

Figure 202010736514

Description

一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization

技术领域technical field

本发明属于模拟深海压力的设计仿真领域,尤其是涉及一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法。The invention belongs to the field of design simulation for simulating deep-sea pressure, and in particular relates to a method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device through mechanical pressure.

背景技术Background technique

海洋约占地球表面积的71%,蕴藏着极其丰富的海底资源,包括石油、天然气、各种矿物质等,人口和经济增长带来的是对资源需求的持续增加,面对陆上和沿海资源逐渐枯竭的局面,世界必然将未来发展重心聚焦于深海领域,向深海发展已成必然趋势。The ocean accounts for about 71% of the earth's surface area, and contains extremely rich seabed resources, including oil, natural gas, various minerals, etc. The population and economic growth have brought about a continuous increase in the demand for resources. Facing the onshore and coastal resources With the gradual exhaustion, the world will inevitably focus its future development on the deep sea field, and the development of the deep sea has become an inevitable trend.

在装备开发的关键技术领域,我国的产品仍然不能满足需求,关键配套系统和设备基本被国外垄断。所以尽快研究提出保障海洋强国建设的重大专项工程,强力推动海洋领域基础性、前瞻性、关键性技术研发,快速提升和拓展走向深远海能力变得尤为重要。In the key technical fields of equipment development, my country's products still cannot meet the demand, and the key supporting systems and equipment are basically monopolized by foreign countries. Therefore, it is particularly important to study and propose major special projects to ensure the construction of a marine power as soon as possible, to vigorously promote the research and development of basic, forward-looking and key technologies in the marine field, and to rapidly improve and expand the ability to go far-reaching seas.

对海洋资源的开发离不开各种机械测试设备,在下潜深度一再突破的今天,人类已经将探索脚步,深度一再突破,人类已经将探索脚步迈至7000m的黑暗世界,甚至更深。随着对水下作业研究的不断深入,人类对深海作业设备的安全性和可靠性提出了更高的要求。深海作业设备在研发过程中,必不可少的一步就是要经过不同指标的压力试验。海水深度每增加10m,相应的压强就要随之增加约0.1MPa,海洋环境复杂,海水越深,越难测试。The development of marine resources is inseparable from various mechanical testing equipment. Today, when the depth of diving has repeatedly broken through, human beings have made breakthroughs in the depth of exploration. Humans have stepped into the dark world of 7000m, or even deeper. With the deepening of research on underwater operations, human beings have put forward higher requirements for the safety and reliability of deep-sea operation equipment. In the process of research and development of deep-sea equipment, an essential step is to go through pressure tests of different indicators. For every 10m increase in seawater depth, the corresponding pressure will increase by about 0.1MPa. The marine environment is complex, and the deeper the seawater, the more difficult it is to test.

对于应用于深水环境中的液压系统,必须考虑水压对系统的影响,否则液压系统便不能正常工作,目前对海水液压元件的试验方法多采用将所有被测元件安装在实验装置上,并将其送到预定海洋深度进行试验,这种试验方法不仅受到众多因素的限制,如供电问题、试验装置重量等问题,并且成本较高、试验复杂,由于海底存在众多不确定因素,也降低了试验的安全性,严重影响海水液压元件的真实性能评价的准确性。为此,科技工作者也取了各种模拟方法,传统的做法是将液压控制元件与执行器置于一个能承受水压的压力容器中,这种方式会带来系统笨重、结构复杂和特殊动密封等一系列问题。For the hydraulic system applied in the deep water environment, the influence of water pressure on the system must be considered, otherwise the hydraulic system will not work normally. At present, the test methods for seawater hydraulic components mostly use all the components to be tested on the experimental device, and the It is sent to the predetermined ocean depth for testing. This test method is not only limited by many factors, such as power supply problems and the weight of the test device, but also has a high cost and a complex test. Due to many uncertain factors on the seabed, the test is also reduced. The safety of seawater hydraulic components seriously affects the accuracy of the real performance evaluation of seawater hydraulic components. For this reason, scientists and technicians have also adopted various simulation methods. The traditional method is to place the hydraulic control components and actuators in a pressure vessel that can withstand water pressure. This method will bring the system bulky, complex structure and special A series of problems such as dynamic sealing.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的准确性较差、设计过程复杂的缺陷而提供一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device through mechanical pressure in order to overcome the defects of poor accuracy and complicated design process in the prior art.

本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressure, the method comprising the following steps:

(S-1)建模:在仿真软件ANSYS中建立深海压力模拟装置的模型,该模型包括耐压装置、与所述耐压装置连接的支撑部、以及与所述耐压装置连接的底座;(S-1) Modeling: establish a model of a deep-sea pressure simulation device in the simulation software ANSYS, and the model includes a pressure-resistant device, a support part connected to the pressure-resistant device, and a base connected to the pressure-resistant device;

(S-2)逐步加压和拓扑优化:在步骤(S-1)建立的模型上,通过所述支撑部向耐压装置施加模拟压力,通过底座对所述耐压装置进行固定约束;在优化过程中,对所述耐压装置施加模拟压力,对耐压装置进行拓扑优化,然后增加模拟压力,再次进行拓扑优化,依次类推至模拟压力为设计压力,拓扑优化得到所述深海压力模拟装置。(S-2) Step-by-step compression and topology optimization: on the model established in step (S-1), a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device through the support portion, and the pressure-resistant device is fixedly constrained through the base; In the optimization process, a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device, topology optimization is performed on the pressure-resistant device, then the simulated pressure is increased, and topology optimization is performed again, and so on until the simulated pressure is the design pressure, and the deep-sea pressure simulation device is obtained by topology optimization. .

进一步地,步骤(S-1)中,所述耐压装置包括壳体和设于所述壳体内的内部实体。Further, in step (S-1), the pressure-resistant device includes a casing and an internal entity provided in the casing.

进一步地,所述壳体和内部实体均为球形,所述内部实体的直径、壳体的内部空腔的直径和壳体的厚度比例关系为250~270:210~230:15~25,优选为260:220:20。Further, both the shell and the inner body are spherical, and the ratio between the diameter of the inner body, the diameter of the inner cavity of the shell, and the thickness of the shell is 250-270: 210-230: 15-25, preferably is 260:220:20.

进一步地,所述支撑部为圆台形结构并且该圆台形结构的大端贴合连接于所述耐压装置表面。Further, the support portion is a truncated truncated structure, and the big end of the truncated truncated structure is attached and connected to the surface of the pressure-resistant device.

进一步地,所述圆台形结构的大端直径与所述壳体的外部直径的比例关系为 150~170:250~270,优选为160:260;所述圆台形结构的小端直径、长度和大端直径的比例关系为40~50:300~310:155~165,优选为45:305:160。Further, the ratio of the diameter of the large end of the frustum-shaped structure to the outer diameter of the casing is 150-170:250-270, preferably 160:260; the diameter, length and The ratio of the big end diameter is 40-50:300-310:155-165, preferably 45:305:160.

进一步地,所述底座为圆柱形,并且底座的直径与支撑部的大端的直径相等。Further, the base is cylindrical, and the diameter of the base is equal to the diameter of the large end of the support portion.

进一步地,所述支撑部设有三个,分别为第一支撑部、第二支撑部和第三支撑部;所述底座设有三个,分别为第一底座、第二底座和第三底座;所述第二支撑部和第三支撑部相对设置,所述第一支撑部与所述第二支撑部和第三支撑部垂直;所述第一底座与第一支撑部相对设置,所述第二底座和第三底座相对设置。Further, there are three supporting parts, which are a first supporting part, a second supporting part, and a third supporting part; The second support portion and the third support portion are arranged opposite to each other, the first support portion is perpendicular to the second support portion and the third support portion; the first base is arranged opposite to the first support portion, and the second support portion is arranged opposite to the first support portion. The base and the third base are arranged oppositely.

进一步地,步骤(S-2)中,初始的模拟压力设计为0.05Mpa,每次拓扑优化完成后,模拟压力增加0.1~0.2MPa,优选为0.1MPa。Further, in step (S-2), the initial simulated pressure is designed to be 0.05Mpa, and after each topology optimization is completed, the simulated pressure is increased by 0.1-0.2MPa, preferably 0.1MPa.

进一步地,每次拓扑优化时,采用有限元分析方法,减少内部实体的体积,然后优化内部实体的形状结构使得耐压装置的整体刚度为最大值,并且保证整个装置主体的壳体表面各点受力差别≤0.01MPa,从而保证整个装置主体的壳体表面各点受力均匀一致。Further, in each topology optimization, the finite element analysis method is used to reduce the volume of the internal entity, and then the shape and structure of the internal entity are optimized so that the overall stiffness of the pressure-resistant device is maximized, and each point on the surface of the shell of the entire device body is guaranteed. The difference in force is less than or equal to 0.01MPa, so as to ensure that the force of each point on the surface of the shell of the main body of the device is uniform.

每次内部实体的体积的减少值不超过整个内部实体体积的50%。Each time the volume of the inner solid is reduced by no more than 50% of the volume of the entire inner solid.

进一步地,所述深海压力模拟装置的材料为钛合金。Further, the material of the deep-sea pressure simulation device is titanium alloy.

本发明的设计原理为:The design principle of the present invention is:

采用成熟的有限元分析方法,利用软件ANSYS中的拓扑优化技术,完成结构的优化,其中拓扑优化即形状优化,其目的是寻求材料的最高利用率,使得目标函数(例如:整体刚度、固有频率)取得最大或最小值。本发明是采用整体刚度控制方法,保证被测元件整体刚度的最大,且保证其应力的均匀性。The mature finite element analysis method is used, and the topology optimization technology in the software ANSYS is used to complete the optimization of the structure. Among them, topology optimization is shape optimization. ) to get the maximum or minimum value. The invention adopts the overall stiffness control method to ensure the maximum overall stiffness of the measured element and the uniformity of its stress.

与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1)本发明采用仿真软件ANSYS设计,避免了海洋试验的与静水压力有关的温度、盐度、溶解氧、pH值、氧化还原电位、生物污损、钙离子沉积和表面流速等众多不利因素,使试验更加简单、安全,降低试验成本;(1) The present invention adopts the design of simulation software ANSYS to avoid many unfavorable factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH value, redox potential, biofouling, calcium ion deposition and surface flow velocity related to hydrostatic pressure in marine experiments. , make the test simpler and safer, and reduce the test cost;

(2)本发明通过合适的深海压力模拟装置建模,建模过程中,支撑在压力端采用小直径,与球面接触部位采用大直径,这样压力可以均匀传递过去;另外球面周围采用多个支撑和底座,可保证优化后球面周围压力的一致性,如果仅仅采用一个支撑,实际计算过程中发现无论怎么优化都很难保证球面周围压力的均匀一致;(2) The present invention is modeled by a suitable deep-sea pressure simulation device. During the modeling process, the support adopts a small diameter at the pressure end and a large diameter at the contact part with the spherical surface, so that the pressure can be transmitted evenly; in addition, multiple supports are used around the spherical surface. And the base can ensure the consistency of the pressure around the spherical surface after optimization. If only one support is used, it is found in the actual calculation process that it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the pressure around the spherical surface no matter how optimized it is;

(3)在优化过程中,本发明首先设定体积减小量不超过50%的约束,同时设定优化内部实体的形状后,整体刚度为最大值;如拓扑优化过程不设定体积减少量的约束,则体积可能被挖体积过多或过少,被挖体积过多导致球体优化后刚度不足,被挖体积过少导致腔体内空间不足,另外如果不约束刚度最大,则难以保证被挖后球体表面压力均匀性。(3) In the optimization process, the present invention first sets the constraint that the volume reduction does not exceed 50%, and at the same time, after setting the shape of the optimized internal entity, the overall stiffness is the maximum value; if the volume reduction is not set in the topology optimization process , the volume may be excavated too much or too little. Too much excavated volume will result in insufficient stiffness of the sphere after optimization, and too little excavated volume will result in insufficient space in the cavity. In addition, if the maximum stiffness is not constrained, it will be difficult to ensure that the sphere will be excavated. Pressure uniformity on the back sphere surface.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的建模结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the modeling structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

图2为本发明得到的耐压装置的主视方向剖视图;Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the front view direction of the pressure-resistant device obtained by the present invention;

图3为本发明得到的耐压装置的俯视方向剖视图;Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the top view direction of the pressure-resistant device obtained by the present invention;

图4为本发明得到的耐压装置的侧视方向剖视图;Fig. 4 is the side view direction sectional view of the pressure-resistant device obtained by the present invention;

图5为本发明的模型的整体等效应力分布图;Fig. 5 is the overall equivalent stress distribution diagram of the model of the present invention;

图6为本发明的深海压力模拟装置的等效应力分布图;6 is an equivalent stress distribution diagram of the deep-sea pressure simulation device of the present invention;

图7为本发明的深海压力模拟装置的腔体准静态压力分布图;Fig. 7 is the cavity quasi-static pressure distribution diagram of the deep-sea pressure simulation device of the present invention;

图8为本发明的深海压力模拟装置的全局压力分布图;8 is a global pressure distribution diagram of the deep-sea pressure simulation device of the present invention;

图中,1为耐压装置,2为支撑部,21为第一支撑部,22为第二支撑部,23 为第三支撑部,3为底座,31为第一底座,32为第二底座,33为第三底座,4为实体结构,41为凹陷结构,42为支撑主体,421为上底面,422为下底面,423为侧面,43为支撑分枝,44为第一通孔,45为第二通孔,5为壳体。In the figure, 1 is a pressure-resistant device, 2 is a support portion, 21 is a first support portion, 22 is a second support portion, 23 is a third support portion, 3 is a base, 31 is a first base, and 32 is a second base , 33 is the third base, 4 is the solid structure, 41 is the concave structure, 42 is the supporting body, 421 is the upper bottom surface, 422 is the lower bottom surface, 423 is the side surface, 43 is the supporting branch, 44 is the first through hole, 45 is the second through hole, and 5 is the shell.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例Example

一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressure, the method comprising the following steps:

(S-1)建模:在仿真软件ANSYS中建立深海压力模拟装置的模型,如图1 所示,该模型包括耐压装置1、与耐压装置1连接的支撑部2、以及与耐压装置1 连接的底座3;其中,耐压装置1包括壳体5和设于壳体5内的内部实体,建模时,壳体5和内部实体均为球形;支撑部2为圆台形结构并且该圆台形结构的大端贴合连接于耐压装置1表面,底座3为圆柱形,并且底座3的直径与支撑部2的大端的直径相等;各个部件的结构尺寸参数如表1所示。(S-1) Modeling: A model of a deep-sea pressure simulation device is established in the simulation software ANSYS. As shown in Figure 1, the model includes a pressure-resistant device 1, a support portion 2 connected to the pressure-resistant device 1, and a pressure-resistant device 1. The base 3 to which the device 1 is connected; wherein, the pressure-resistant device 1 includes a shell 5 and an internal entity arranged in the shell 5. During modeling, the shell 5 and the internal entity are spherical; the support part 2 is a truncated cone-shaped structure and The big end of the circular truncated structure is attached to the surface of the pressure-resistant device 1, the base 3 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the base 3 is equal to the diameter of the big end of the support part 2; the structural dimension parameters of each component are shown in Table 1.

表1结构参数Table 1 Structural parameters

Figure BDA0002605255510000041
Figure BDA0002605255510000041

如图1所示,支撑部2设有三个,分别为第一支撑部21、第二支撑部22和第三支撑部23;底座3设有三个,分别为第一底座31、第二底座32和第三底座;第二支撑部22和第三支撑部23相对设置,第一支撑部21与第二支撑部22和第三支撑部23垂直;第一底座31与第一支撑部21相对设置,第二底座32和第三底座相对设置。As shown in FIG. 1 , there are three supporting parts 2 , which are a first supporting part 21 , a second supporting part 22 and a third supporting part 23 ; and three bases 3 , which are a first base 31 and a second base 32 respectively. And the third base; the second support part 22 and the third support part 23 are arranged opposite, the first support part 21 is perpendicular to the second support part 22 and the third support part 23; the first base 31 is arranged opposite the first support part 21 , the second base 32 and the third base are arranged opposite to each other.

(S-2)逐步加压和拓扑优化:在步骤(S-1)建立的模型上,通过支撑部2向耐压装置1施加模拟压力,通过底座3对耐压装置1进行固定约束;在优化过程中,对耐压装置1施加模拟压力,对耐压装置1进行拓扑优化,然后增加模拟压力,再次进行拓扑优化,依次类推至模拟压力为设计压力,拓扑优化得到深海压力模拟装置;(S-2) Step-by-step compression and topology optimization: on the model established in step (S-1), a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device 1 through the support part 2, and the pressure-resistant device 1 is fixed and constrained through the base 3; In the optimization process, the simulation pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device 1, and the topology optimization is performed on the pressure-resistant device 1, and then the simulation pressure is increased, and the topology optimization is performed again, and so on until the simulation pressure is the design pressure.

在逐步加压过程中,初始的模拟压力设计为0.05Mpa,每次拓扑优化完成后,模拟压力增加0.1Mpa。In the step-by-step pressurization process, the initial simulated pressure is designed to be 0.05Mpa, and after each topology optimization is completed, the simulated pressure is increased by 0.1Mpa.

在每次拓扑优化时,采用有限元分析方法,减少内部实体的体积,然后优化内部实体的形状结构使得耐压装置1的整体刚度为最大值,并且保证整个装置主体的壳体5表面各点受力差别≤0.01MPa;每次内部实体的体积的减少值不超过整个内部实体体积的50%。In each topology optimization, the finite element analysis method is used to reduce the volume of the internal entity, and then the shape and structure of the internal entity are optimized so that the overall stiffness of the pressure-resistant device 1 is maximized, and the surface of the shell 5 of the entire device body is guaranteed. The difference in force is less than or equal to 0.01MPa; the volume reduction value of each internal entity does not exceed 50% of the volume of the entire internal entity.

最终优化得到的深海压力模拟装置结构示意图如图2、图3和图4所示,图中深色部位为实体部分的剩余材料形成的内部实体结构4,从图中可以看出,腔体内部实体部分相比于初始内部实体的体积减少了约46%。Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 show the final optimized structure of the deep-sea pressure simulation device. The dark part in the figure is the internal solid structure 4 formed by the remaining material of the solid part. It can be seen from the figure that the interior of the cavity is The volume of the solid portion is reduced by about 46% compared to the initial internal solid.

优化得到的用于深海探测的耐压装置,本质上为压力容器,深海耐压装置结构示意图如图2、图3和图4所示,优化得到的耐压装置1内部的实体结构4结构包括四周与壳体内壁固定连接的支撑主体42和与支撑主体42连接的支撑分枝43,该支撑分枝43的外侧面423形状匹配固定于壳体的内壁上,支撑分枝43设有两个,并且两个支撑分枝43镜面对称连接于支撑主体42的两侧。支撑主体42为柱形结构,该柱形结构包括相互平行的上底面421和下底面422、以及设于上底面421和下底面422之间的侧面423,整体上呈现两头粗、中间细的结构,上底面421和下底面422的边缘与壳体内壁固定连接,中间的侧面423向球心凹陷,形成凹陷结构 41,并不与壳体内侧壁接触或固定,即侧面423和壳体之间的实体也被挖去。支撑主体42在X方向上设有贯通的第一通孔44,在Y方向上设有贯通的第二通孔45,柱形结构的轴向方向为Z方向,X方向、Y方向和Z方向两两垂直。第一通孔44 的截面为矩形。第二通孔45的截面为矩形。上底面421和下底面422之间的距离为壳体的直径的0.3倍。柱形结构的中轴线与壳体的交点为顶点,支撑分枝43朝着顶点延伸。支撑分枝43为内侧面与外侧面平行的薄壳结构。沿柱形结构的轴向方向,支撑分枝43的高度为壳体的半径的0.6倍。The optimized pressure-resistant device for deep-sea exploration is essentially a pressure vessel. The schematic structural diagrams of the deep-sea pressure-resistant device are shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The optimized internal structure of the pressure-resistant device 1 includes: The supporting main body 42 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing and the supporting branch 43 connected to the supporting main body 42, the outer side 423 of the supporting branch 43 is shape-matched and fixed on the inner wall of the casing, and the supporting branch 43 is provided with two , and the two support branches 43 are mirror-symmetrically connected to both sides of the support body 42 . The support body 42 is a columnar structure, the columnar structure includes an upper bottom surface 421 and a lower bottom surface 422 that are parallel to each other, and a side surface 423 disposed between the upper bottom surface 421 and the lower bottom surface 422, showing a structure with two ends thick and the middle thin as a whole , the edges of the upper bottom surface 421 and the lower bottom surface 422 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell, and the side surface 423 in the middle is recessed toward the center of the sphere to form a recessed structure 41, which is not in contact or fixed with the inner wall of the shell, that is, between the side surface 423 and the shell Entity was also excavated. The support body 42 is provided with a first through hole 44 in the X direction and a second through hole 45 in the Y direction. The axial direction of the columnar structure is the Z direction, the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction. Two are vertical. The cross section of the first through hole 44 is rectangular. The cross section of the second through hole 45 is rectangular. The distance between the upper bottom surface 421 and the lower bottom surface 422 is 0.3 times the diameter of the casing. The intersection of the central axis of the cylindrical structure and the casing is the vertex, and the support branch 43 extends toward the vertex. The support branch 43 is a thin shell structure whose inner side and outer side are parallel. In the axial direction of the cylindrical structure, the height of the support branch 43 is 0.6 times the radius of the housing.

从图中可以看出,腔体内部实体部分相比于初始内部实体的体积减少了约 46%。As can be seen from the figure, the volume of the internal solid part of the cavity is reduced by about 46% compared to the initial internal solid.

进一步分析装置整体和局部应力分布情况,整个模型的整体等效应力分布如图 5所示,其中耐压装置1的壳体等效应力分布如图6所示,可以看出壳体表面等效应力分布均匀,个别极少地方应力偏大是因为力学算法中的圣维南效应造成的,不影响结果的准确性。壳体整体静态压力分布如图7所示,图8为全局压力分布图,可看出腔体周围压力分布均匀,因此优化后的腔体结构完全可以满足深海测试静水压力环境的要求,可用于深海压力的测试。The overall and local stress distribution of the device is further analyzed. The overall equivalent stress distribution of the entire model is shown in Figure 5. The equivalent stress distribution of the shell of the pressure-resistant device 1 is shown in Figure 6. It can be seen that the shell surface equivalent effect The force distribution is uniform, and the stress is too large in a few places because of the Saint-Venant effect in the mechanical algorithm, which does not affect the accuracy of the results. The overall static pressure distribution of the shell is shown in Figure 7, and Figure 8 is the global pressure distribution diagram. It can be seen that the pressure distribution around the cavity is uniform, so the optimized cavity structure can fully meet the requirements of the hydrostatic pressure environment for deep-sea testing, and can be used for Deep sea pressure testing.

以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various variations or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:1. a method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps: (S-1)建模:在仿真软件ANSYS中建立深海压力模拟装置的模型,该模型包括耐压装置(1)、与所述耐压装置(1)连接的支撑部(2)、以及与所述耐压装置(1)连接的底座(3);(S-1) Modeling: a model of a deep-sea pressure simulation device is established in the simulation software ANSYS, the model includes a pressure-resistant device (1), a support portion (2) connected to the pressure-resistant device (1), and a support portion (2) connected to the pressure-resistant device (1) a base (3) to which the pressure-resistant device (1) is connected; (S-2)逐步加压和拓扑优化:在步骤(S-1)建立的模型上,通过所述支撑部(2)向耐压装置(1)施加模拟压力,通过底座(3)对所述耐压装置(1)进行固定约束;在优化过程中,对所述耐压装置(1)施加模拟压力,对耐压装置(1)进行拓扑优化,然后增加模拟压力,再次进行拓扑优化,依次类推至模拟压力为设计压力,拓扑优化得到所述深海压力模拟装置。(S-2) Step-by-step compression and topology optimization: on the model established in step (S-1), a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device (1) through the support portion (2), and the The pressure-resistant device (1) is subjected to fixed constraints; in the optimization process, a simulated pressure is applied to the pressure-resistant device (1), topology optimization is performed on the pressure-resistant device (1), and then the simulated pressure is increased, and topology optimization is performed again, By analogy, the simulated pressure is the design pressure, and the deep-sea pressure simulation device is obtained by topology optimization. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,步骤(S-1)中,所述耐压装置(1)包括壳体和设于所述壳体内的内部实体。2. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (S-1), the pressure-resistant device (1) comprises a casing and a internal entities within the shell. 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,所述壳体和内部实体均为球形,所述内部实体的直径、壳体的内部空腔的直径和壳体的厚度比例关系为250~270:210~230:15~25。3. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 2, wherein the shell and the inner entity are spherical, the diameter of the inner entity, the inner void of the shell are spherical. The ratio between the diameter of the cavity and the thickness of the shell is 250-270:210-230:15-25. 4.根据权利要求2所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,所述支撑部(2)为圆台形结构并且该圆台形结构的大端贴合连接于所述耐压装置(1)表面。4. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 2, wherein the support portion (2) is a truncated truncated structure and the big end of the truncated truncated structure is connected to the The surface of the pressure-resistant device (1). 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,所述圆台形结构的大端直径与所述壳体的外部直径的比例关系为150~170:250~270;所述圆台形结构的小端直径、长度和大端直径的比例关系为40~50:300~310:155~165。5 . The method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 4 , wherein the ratio of the diameter of the large end of the frustum-shaped structure to the outer diameter of the shell is 150~50 . 170: 250-270; the proportional relationship between the diameter of the small end, the length and the diameter of the large end of the circular truncated structure is 40-50: 300-310: 155-165. 6.根据权利要求4所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,所述底座(3)为圆柱形,并且底座(3)的直径与支撑部(2)的大端的直径相等。6. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressure according to claim 4, wherein the base (3) is cylindrical, and the diameter of the base (3) is the same as that of the support portion (2) The diameter of the big end is equal. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,所述支撑部(2)设有三个,分别为第一支撑部(21)、第二支撑部(22)和第三支撑部(23);所述底座(3)设有三个,分别为第一底座(31)、第二底座(32)和第三底座;所述第二支撑部(22)和第三支撑部(23)相对设置,所述第一支撑部(21)与所述第二支撑部(22)和第三支撑部(23)垂直;所述第一底座(31)与第一支撑部(21)相对设置,所述第二底座(32)和第三底座相对设置。7. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 1, characterized in that, three support parts (2) are provided, which are a first support part (21), a second support part (21), and a second support part (21). a support part (22) and a third support part (23); the base (3) is provided with three bases, which are a first base (31), a second base (32) and a third base; the second support part (22) and the third support part (23) are arranged opposite to each other, the first support part (21) is perpendicular to the second support part (22) and the third support part (23); the first base (31) ) is arranged opposite to the first support portion (21), and the second base (32) is arranged opposite to the third base. 8.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,步骤(S-2)中,初始的模拟压力设计为0.05Mpa,每次拓扑优化完成后,模拟压力增加0.1~0.2Mpa。8. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 1, wherein in step (S-2), the initial simulation pressure is designed to be 0.05Mpa, and after each topology optimization is completed , the simulated pressure increases by 0.1-0.2Mpa. 9.根据权利要求1所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,每次拓扑优化时,采用有限元分析方法,减少内部实体的体积,然后优化内部实体的形状结构使得耐压装置(1)的整体刚度为最大值,并且保证整个装置主体的壳体表面各点受力差别≤0.01MPa。9. A method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical pressurization according to claim 1, characterized in that, in each topology optimization, a finite element analysis method is used to reduce the volume of the internal entity, and then optimize the internal entity's volume. The shape structure makes the overall rigidity of the pressure-resistant device (1) to be the maximum value, and ensures that the stress difference of each point on the surface of the shell of the entire device main body is less than or equal to 0.01MPa. 10.根据权利要求9所述的一种通过机械加压设计深海压力模拟装置的方法,其特征在于,每次内部实体的体积的减少值不超过整个内部实体体积的50%。10 . The method for designing a deep-sea pressure simulation device by mechanical compression according to claim 9 , wherein the reduction value of the volume of the internal entity each time does not exceed 50% of the volume of the entire internal entity. 11 .
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