CN111966423A - Method and equipment for realizing memory operating system - Google Patents
Method and equipment for realizing memory operating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111966423A CN111966423A CN202010724514.7A CN202010724514A CN111966423A CN 111966423 A CN111966423 A CN 111966423A CN 202010724514 A CN202010724514 A CN 202010724514A CN 111966423 A CN111966423 A CN 111966423A
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating
- G06F9/44505—Configuring for program initiating, e.g. using registry, configuration files
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for realizing a memory operating system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: installing an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server, and acquiring a kernel file and a mirror image file from the operating system; decompressing the mirror image file to obtain a root file system; modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions needing to be added; and compressing the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and starting the operating system based on the kernel file and the new image file. By using the scheme of the invention, the operation mode of the kernel + the memory file system can be realized, the operation is simple, the stability is strong, the resource occupancy rate is low, the problem of file system damage caused by power failure and the like can be effectively resisted, the modification of a basic file system can be prevented, the plasticity is strong, the kernel + the memory file system can be used as a basic starting system, different functions can be realized by mounting other file systems, and the kernel + the memory file system can be molded into a small embedded system, a small tool system and a guide system for use.
Description
Technical Field
The field relates to the field of computers, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for implementing a memory operating system.
Background
Along with social development and technology change day by day, system application is more and more complicated, system types are more and more diverse, operating system is more and more strict as the basic requirement of bottom, operating system function is more and more, how to guarantee operating system stability, become an inevitable topic in a flexible way.
With the gradual clearness of the concept of network ownership and information ownership, various cpu architectures have become keywords for information-oriented deployment. China is vigorously promoting informatization products in key fields of governments, national defense, finance, traffic and the like to realize deployment of various CPU architectures as soon as possible, and a plurality of important policies are issued to guarantee implementation, so that the adaptation of application systems and bottom platforms under various CPU architectures is more and more important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for implementing a memory operating system, where by using the method of the present invention, an operation mode of a kernel + memory file system can be implemented, the operation is simple, the stability is strong, the resource occupancy rate is low, the problem of file system damage caused by power failure and other problems can be effectively resisted, the modification of a basic file system can be prevented, the moldability is strong, the method can be used as a basic boot system, different functions can be implemented by mounting other file systems, and the method and the apparatus can be used as a small embedded system, a small tool system, and a boot system.
In view of the above, an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for implementing a memory operating system, including the following steps:
installing an operating system supporting an alpha architecture (a cpu architecture) cpu server, and acquiring a kernel file (a Linux kernel, an open source computer operating system kernel) and an image file (an inittrd.img file) from the operating system;
decompressing the mirror image file to obtain a root file system;
modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions needing to be added;
and compressing the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and starting the operating system based on the kernel file and the new image file.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, further comprising:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring a kernel file and a new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting the slave pxe to start;
and the operating system enters the pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added functions. Pxe (preboot execution environment): the technology developed by Intel corporation works in a network mode of Client/Server, supports a workstation to download images from a remote Server through a network, and supports the starting of an operating system through the network, in the starting process, a terminal requires the Server to distribute an IP address, then downloads a starting software package into a local memory for execution by using a TFTP (virtual file transfer protocol) or MTFTP (Multi-case virtual file transfer protocol) protocol, and the starting software package completes the setting of basic software of the terminal (Client), thereby guiding the terminal operating system which is pre-installed in the Server.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, modifying the corresponding file in the root file system according to the function that needs to be added includes:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot. The cpio tool is mainly a tool program used for establishing or restoring backup files, and cpio commands can copy files to an archive package or copy files from the archive package.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the functions to be added include booting to mount the kernel module, mounting the hard disk, booting to execute the script, booting to mount other root file systems, modifying the init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for implementing a memory operating system, where the apparatus includes:
the acquisition module is configured to install an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server, and acquire a kernel file and a mirror image file from the operating system;
the decompression module is configured to decompress the mirror image file to obtain a root file system;
the modification module is configured to modify the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions to be added;
and the compression module is configured to compress the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and enables the operating system to be started based on the kernel file and the new image file.
According to an embodiment of the invention, further comprising a verification module configured to:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring a kernel file and a new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting the slave pxe to start;
and the operating system enters the pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added functions.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the modification module is further configured to:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the functions to be added include booting to mount the kernel module, mounting the hard disk, booting to execute the script, booting to mount other root file systems, modifying the init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects: according to the method for realizing the memory operating system, the operating system supporting the alpha architecture CPU server is installed, and the kernel file and the mirror image file are obtained from the operating system; decompressing the mirror image file to obtain a root file system; modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions needing to be added; the modified root file system is compressed to generate a new image file, the operating system is started based on the kernel file and the new image file, the operating mode of a kernel + memory file system can be realized, the operation is simple, the stability is high, the resource occupancy rate is low, the problem of file system damage caused by power failure and other problems can be effectively resisted, the modification of a basic file system can be prevented, the basic file system is high in plasticity and can be used as a basic starting system, different functions are realized by mounting other file systems, and the modified root file system can be manufactured into a small embedded system, a small tool system and a guide system for use.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a method of implementing a memory operating system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing a memory operating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In view of the foregoing, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an embodiment of a method for implementing a memory operating system. Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method.
As shown in fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
s1, installing an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server, acquiring a kernel file and a mirror image file (initrd. img file) from the operating system, starting root user login after the operating system is installed, copying the/boot/vmlinux file (kernel file) to a working directory (making a directory for modifying a memory file system), and copying the/boot/initrd. img file (a file to be decompressed and modified) to the working directory;
s2, decompressing the mirror image file to obtain a root file system, decompressing the initrd. img file by using a cpio tool, and viewing the rootfs root file system after decompression;
s3, modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions to be added, wherein the functions can include the functions of starting up and mounting a kernel module, mounting a hard disk, starting up and executing a script, starting up and mounting other root file systems, modifying init configuration and starting other daemon processes and the like;
s4 compresses the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and starts the operating system based on the kernel file and the new image file.
The method is realized by operating a CPU server based on an alpha architecture, and is realized by utilizing a kernel of a corresponding server operating system and a file system image to carry out modification design, acquiring rootfs (root file system) by decompressing the acquired file system image inittrd.img, modifying/etc/inittab starting configuration files, adding a starting script, installing programs, mounting storage equipment, setting daemon process and the like in the acquired rootfs to finish the starting self-running function of a memory operating system, compressing the modified rootfs by a cpio tool to generate a new file system image, hanging the acquired kernel file and the new file system image to a pxe or a storage device (hard disk/flash and the like), restarting the server, selecting a corresponding starting item, loading kernel and initrd.img to run, and automatically running the program or executing the startup script according to the modification of the configuration files by the system, Mount other storage devices, and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention can realize the operation mode of the kernel + the memory file system, has simple operation, strong stability and less resource occupancy rate, can effectively resist the problem of file system damage caused by power failure and the like, can prevent the modification of the basic file system, has strong plasticity, can be used as a basic starting system, realizes different functions by mounting other file systems, and can be used as a small embedded system, a small tool system and a guide system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring a kernel file and a new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting the slave pxe to start;
and the operating system enters the pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added functions. After the function needing to be added is added into the system, the operating system is started from the pxe, and whether the added function is added successfully is verified by pulling the kernel file and the new image file.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, modifying the corresponding file in the root file system according to the function to be added includes:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup. The/etc/inittab file sets the start option of the operating system, opens the/etc/inittab file, adds tty0:: askfirst: -/bin/sh command in the file, and can make the system enter the command line terminal (bash) after starting.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot. Modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions needing to be added, recompressing other files obtained by decompressing the root file system and the modified files to generate new image files, and starting the system based on the new image files.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functions to be added include booting to mount the kernel module, mounting the hard disk, booting to execute the script, booting to mount other root file systems, modifying the init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
The technical scheme of the invention can realize the operation mode of the kernel + the memory file system, has simple operation, strong stability and less resource occupancy rate, can effectively resist the problem of file system damage caused by power failure and the like, can prevent the modification of the basic file system, has strong plasticity, can be used as a basic starting system, realizes different functions by mounting other file systems, and can be used as a small embedded system, a small tool system and a guide system.
It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the above programs may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the programs may include the processes of the embodiments of the methods as described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like. The embodiments of the computer program may achieve the same or similar effects as any of the above-described method embodiments.
Furthermore, the method disclosed according to an embodiment of the present invention may also be implemented as a computer program executed by a CPU, and the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program, when executed by the CPU, performs the above-described functions defined in the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
In view of the above object, according to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for implementing a memory operating system, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus 200 includes:
the acquisition module is configured to install an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server, and acquire a kernel file and a mirror image file from the operating system;
the decompression module is configured to decompress the mirror image file to obtain a root file system;
the modification module is configured to modify the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions to be added;
and the compression module is configured to compress the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and enables the operating system to be started based on the kernel file and the new image file.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a verification module configured to:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring a kernel file and a new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting the slave pxe to start;
and the operating system enters the pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added functions.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the modification module is further configured to:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functions to be added include booting to mount the kernel module, mounting the hard disk, booting to execute the script, booting to mount other root file systems, modifying the init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
It should be particularly noted that the embodiment of the system described above employs the embodiment of the method described above to specifically describe the working process of each module, and those skilled in the art can easily think that the modules are applied to other embodiments of the method described above.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as software or hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention.
The embodiments described above, particularly any "preferred" embodiments, are possible examples of implementations and are presented merely to clearly understand the principles of the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the technology described herein. All such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for implementing a memory operating system, comprising:
installing an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server, and acquiring a kernel file and a mirror image file from the operating system;
decompressing the mirror image file to obtain a root file system;
modifying the corresponding files in the root file system according to the functions needing to be added;
and compressing the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and starting the operating system based on the kernel file and the new image file.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring the kernel file and the new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting a slave pxe to launch;
and the operating system enters pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added function.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the respective file in the root file system according to the functionality that needs to be added comprises:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functions to be added comprise power-on mounting a kernel module, mounting a hard disk, power-on executing a script, power-on mounting other root file systems, modifying an init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
6. An apparatus for implementing a memory operating system, the apparatus comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is configured to install an operating system supporting an alpha architecture cpu server and acquire a kernel file and a mirror image file from the operating system;
a decompression module configured to decompress the image file to obtain a root file system;
a modification module configured to modify a corresponding file in the root file system according to a function that needs to be added;
and the compression module is configured to compress the modified root file system to generate a new image file, and enable the operating system to be started based on the kernel file and the new image file.
7. The device of claim 6, further comprising a verification module configured to:
building a pxe starting environment, and configuring the kernel file and the new image file into the pxe starting environment;
restarting the operating system and selecting a slave pxe to launch;
and the operating system enters pxe for starting, and pulls the kernel file and the new image file to verify the added function.
8. The device of claim 6, wherein the modification module is further configured to:
tty0: ask first: -/bin/sh command is executed to modify the/etc/inittab file in the root file system so that the command line termination is accessible at system startup.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the decompressing and compressing comprises: and decompressing and compressing by using a cpio tool, decompressing the image file by executing a cpio-ivm < boot.
10. The device of claim 6, wherein the functions to be added comprise power-on mounting a kernel module, mounting a hard disk, power-on executing a script, power-on mounting other root file systems, modifying an init configuration, and starting other daemon processes.
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