CN111965505A - Aging test method for high-overload vegetable insulating oil - Google Patents
Aging test method for high-overload vegetable insulating oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111965505A CN111965505A CN202010827686.7A CN202010827686A CN111965505A CN 111965505 A CN111965505 A CN 111965505A CN 202010827686 A CN202010827686 A CN 202010827686A CN 111965505 A CN111965505 A CN 111965505A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1281—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of liquids or gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing the aging of high-overload vegetable insulating oil, belonging to the field of insulating oil life evaluation. The method adopts the mixture of the vegetable insulating oil and the insulating paperboard as an experimental sample, firstly controls the water content in the pretreatment process, then carries out vacuum impregnation treatment together with the enamelled copper strip in a stainless steel sealing tank, and carries out aging test in an aging box to obtain the test result of the aging state. The method disclosed by the invention is low in cost, low in technical difficulty and high in test efficiency, is beneficial to accelerating the research on the aging characteristics such as breakdown voltage, acid value and dielectric loss of the vegetable insulating oil and the aging characteristics such as water content, polymerization degree and mechanical strength of insulating paper, and provides great technical support for efficiently and high-quality development of the environment-friendly and energy-saving vegetable insulating oil distribution transformer for high-speed rail with high overload capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insulating oil service life assessment, and particularly relates to a method for testing aging of high-overload vegetable insulating oil.
Background
With the rapid development of high-speed railways, 80% of the cities in the country by the end of 2020 will cover the highway network. High-speed rail distribution transformers are key electrical devices for ensuring high-speed railway operation. At present, a distribution transformer for a high-speed rail is mainly an oil immersed transformer, an insulation combination of insulation paper insulation is adopted, and mineral oil is used as an insulation liquid for the transformer. Mineral oil has a low flash point, and can induce fire when an accident occurs, and the degradation capability is poor. During the operation of high-speed rail, the load of the distribution transformer is greatly changed, and the transformer is often operated under the condition of overload, thereby causing the oil temperature of the transformer to rise. The continuous high-temperature operation of the transformer can accelerate the aging speed of the insulation paper insulation of the transformer, reduce the insulation performance, shorten the service life and even cause the burning accident of the transformer. The vegetable insulating oil has a high flash point, has higher thermal conductivity than mineral oil, and has excellent biodegradability, so that the vegetable insulating oil is adopted to replace the mineral insulating oil for the high-speed rail distribution transformer, which is the development direction of the high-speed rail distribution transformer in the future. At present, the research on distribution transformers for high-speed rails is based on mineral oil, the research on the adoption of vegetable oil is not available, and the research on the aging characteristic of the vegetable insulating paper of the transformer with high overload capacity is not available.
In order to develop a distribution transformer with high overload capacity and meeting the requirement of high-speed rail operation, a thermal aging test of the insulation oil of the distribution transformer in sudden temperature rise in overload must be carried out, and the influence on the insulation oil and insulation paper insulation system of the distribution transformer under the overload condition is researched, so that an urgent need needs to be provided for a research method for the aging characteristics of the plant insulation oil and insulation paper of the high-overload capacity and high-speed rail distribution transformer, the aging characteristics of the breakdown voltage, the moisture, the acid value, the dielectric loss and the like of the insulation oil and the aging characteristics of the water content, the polymerization degree, the mechanical strength and the like of the insulation paper can be effectively researched, and a theoretical basis is better provided for researching an environment-friendly and energy-saving plant insulation oil high-.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for aging testing of vegetable insulating oil with high overload.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a method for testing insulating oil with high overload and its aging status, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment: firstly, drying the plant insulating oil until the water content is lower than 5mg/kg, naturally absorbing moisture of an insulating paper board in the air to enable the water content to be lower than 0.5%, secondly, adding the treated plant insulating oil and the insulating paper board into a stainless steel sealing tank according to the mass ratio of 10:1, then adding an enameled copper bar, and then, sealing the stainless steel sealing tank and then carrying out vacuum impregnation for 24 hours;
(2) and (3) aging test: and (3) placing the pretreated stainless steel sealed tank in an aging box heated by a pulse heating device for accelerated aging test, wherein the temperature gradient in the aging box is 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃ and 180 ℃.
Preferably, the vegetable insulating oil in the step (1) is any one of soybean oil, ester oil or rapeseed vegetable insulating oil.
Preferably, the ester oil is any one or more of esterified soybean oil, esterified tung oil or esterified rapeseed oil.
Preferably, the drying in the step (1) is drying for 48 hours in a vacuum box at 90 ℃ and 50 Pa.
Preferably, the insulating paper board in the step (1) is grade A insulating paper or grade B insulating paper.
Preferably, the ratio of the surface area of the enameled copper strip in the step (1) to the total volume of the insulating oil and the insulating paperboard is 1:6, m2:L。
Preferably, the stainless steel sealed tank in the step (1) is filled with nitrogen before sealing, and the vacuum impregnation is performed at a temperature of 40 ℃ and a pressure of 50 Pa.
Preferably, the sampling time in the aging test in the step (2) is 0, 7, 15, 30 and 80 days respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a method for testing the aging of high-overload vegetable insulating oil, which has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the mixture of the vegetable insulating oil and the insulating paper board is used as an experimental sample, so that the problem that the aging state of the distribution transformer is difficult to evaluate due to the fact that the internal working environment of the transformer becomes complex as the oil temperature rises under the overload running condition of the high-overload vegetable insulating oil high-speed rail distribution transformer can be solved;
2. according to the invention, the water content of a sample for an aging test is firstly controlled in the pretreatment process, and then the sample and the enameled copper bar are subjected to vacuum impregnation treatment in a stainless steel sealed tank, so that the influence of oxidation on the initial aging stage of insulating oil and insulating paper boards can be further avoided, and the aging test result is more accurate;
3. according to the invention, the aging test is carried out by adopting a temperature gradient (from 120 ℃ to 180 ℃, and one gradient is formed at every 5 ℃) in the aging test process, and meanwhile, the pulse heating device is adopted in the aging box to accurately heat to an accurate temperature gradient value, so that the aging test result can be ensured;
4. the testing method disclosed by the invention is low in cost, low in technical difficulty and high in testing efficiency, is beneficial to accelerating the research on the aging characteristics such as breakdown voltage, water content, acid value and dielectric loss of the vegetable insulating oil and the aging characteristics such as water content, polymerization degree and mechanical strength of insulating paper, and provides great technical support for efficiently and high-quality developing the environment-friendly and energy-saving vegetable insulating oil distribution transformer for high-speed rail with high overload capacity.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a test flow chart of a test method for aging of a vegetable insulating oil with high overload.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
A method for testing the aging of high-overload vegetable insulating oil is disclosed, the specific flow of which is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting experimental samples: selecting esterified soybean oil as vegetable insulating oil, and selecting A-grade insulating paper as an insulating paperboard;
(2) pretreatment of an experimental sample:
water content treatment: drying esterified soybean oil in vacuum drying oven at 90 deg.C and 50Pa until the water content is less than 5mg/kg, naturally absorbing moisture in air to make the water content less than 0.5%,
vacuum impregnation: adding esterified soybean oil with water content and A-grade insulating paper into a stainless steel sealed tank according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and adding enamelled copper strips (wherein the ratio of the surface area of the enamelled copper strips to the total volume of the soybean oil and the A-grade insulating paper is 1:6, m2L), then sealing the stainless steel sealed tank, carrying out vacuum impregnation (under the conditions of 40 ℃ and 50 Pa) for 24 hours, filling nitrogen into the stainless steel sealed tank, and sealing for later use;
(3) and (3) aging state testing: the sealed stainless steel sealed tank is placed in an aging box heated by a pulse heating device for accelerated aging test, wherein the temperature gradient in the aging box is set to be 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃ and 180 ℃, the aging box adopts pulse heating for temperature rise, samples are respectively taken in 0, 7, 15, 30 and 80 days, three samples are taken every time for assay analysis, finally, an average value is taken as an experimental data result, and the specific test result is as follows: the acid value of the esterified soybean oil rises along with the increase of the aging days, the rising rate is obviously accelerated after aging for 30 days, the whole increase of the acid value is large, the acid value of the esterified soybean oil after 80 days is increased along with the increase of the temperature, and the acid value is increased from 0 to 2.5mg KOH/g to 5mg KOH/g in the whole aging gradient range. The dielectric loss of the esterified soybean oil has the same trend under the whole aging temperature gradient, the dielectric loss of the esterified soybean oil increases along with the increase of the aging time at each temperature, the higher the aging temperature is, the larger the dielectric loss is under the same aging days, and the dielectric loss of the esterified soybean oil increases from 0.5 percent to 2.5 to 6 percent after aging for 80 days. The breakdown voltage of the esterified soybean oil decreases significantly with increasing aging time; under different aging temperatures, the difference of breakdown voltages is obviously increased along with the increase of aging time, and the breakdown voltage of the esterified soybean oil is reduced from 70kV to 55-60 kV in the whole aging temperature gradient range after aging for 80 days.
Example 2
A method for testing the aging of vegetable insulating oil with high overload comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting experimental samples: selecting esterified tung oil as vegetable insulating oil and B-grade insulating paper as an insulating paperboard;
(2) pretreatment of an experimental sample:
water content treatment: drying esterified tung oil in vacuum drying oven at 90 deg.C and 50Pa until the water content is less than 5mg/kg, naturally absorbing moisture in air to make the water content less than 0.5%,
vacuum impregnation: adding esterified tung oil and B-grade insulating paper board with water content treatment into a stainless steel sealed tank according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and adding enamelled copper strips (wherein the ratio of the surface area of the enamelled copper strips to the total volume of the esterified tung oil and the A-grade insulating paper or the B-grade insulating paper is 1:6, m2:L)，Then sealing the stainless steel sealed tank, carrying out vacuum impregnation (under the conditions of 40 ℃ and 50 Pa) for 24h, filling nitrogen into the stainless steel sealed tank, and sealing for later use;
(3) and (3) aging state testing: the sealed stainless steel sealed tank is placed in an aging box heated by a pulse heating device for accelerated aging test, wherein the temperature gradient in the aging box is set to be 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃ and 180 ℃, the aging box adopts pulse heating for temperature rise, samples are respectively taken in 0, 7, 15, 30 and 80 days, three samples are taken every time for assay analysis, finally, an average value is taken as an experimental data result, and the specific test result is as follows: the acid value of the esterified tung oil rises along with the increase of the aging days, the rising rate is obviously accelerated after aging for 30 days, the integral increase of the acid value is large, the acid value of the esterified tung oil after 80 days is increased along with the increase of the temperature, and the acid value is increased from 0 to 0.5 to 3.5mg KOH/g in the whole aging gradient range. The dielectric loss of the esterified tung oil has the same trend under the whole aging temperature gradient, the dielectric loss of the esterified tung oil increases along with the increase of the aging time under all temperatures, the higher the aging temperature is under the same aging days, the larger the dielectric loss is, and the dielectric loss of the esterified tung oil increases from 0.5 percent to 1.5 to 4 percent after aging for 80 days. With the increase of the aging time, the breakdown voltage of the esterified tung oil is obviously reduced; under different aging temperatures, the difference of breakdown voltages is obviously increased along with the increase of aging time, and the breakdown voltage of the esterified tung oil is reduced from 65kV to 55-60 kV in the whole aging temperature gradient range after aging for 80 days.
Example 3
A method for testing the aging of vegetable insulating oil with high overload comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting experimental samples: selecting esterified rapeseed oil as vegetable oil, and selecting B-grade insulating paper as an insulating paperboard;
(2) pretreatment of an experimental sample:
water content treatment: drying esterified rapeseed oil in a vacuum drying oven at 90 deg.C and 50Pa until the water content is less than 5mg/kg, naturally absorbing moisture in air to make the water content of B-grade insulating paper board less than 0.5%,
vacuum impregnation: adding esterified rapeseed oil subjected to water content treatment and a B-grade insulating paper board into a stainless steel sealed tank according to the mass ratio of 10:1, and adding an enameled copper strip (wherein the ratio of the surface area of the enameled copper strip to the total volume of the esterified rapeseed oil and the B-grade insulating paper is 1:6, m is2L), then sealing the stainless steel sealed tank, carrying out vacuum impregnation (under the conditions of 40 ℃ and 50 Pa) for 24 hours, filling nitrogen into the stainless steel sealed tank, and sealing for later use;
(3) and (3) aging state testing: the sealed stainless steel sealed tank is placed in an aging box heated by a pulse heating device for accelerated aging test, wherein the temperature gradient in the aging box is set to be 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃ and 180 ℃, the aging box is heated by pulse heating, samples are respectively taken in 0, 7, 15, 30 and 80 days, three samples are taken each time for assay analysis, finally, an average value is taken as an experimental data result, and the specific test result is as follows: the acid value of the esterified rapeseed oil rises along with the increase of aging days, the rising rate is obviously accelerated after aging for 30 days, the whole increase of the acid value is large, the acid value of the esterified rapeseed oil after 80 days is increased along with the increase of temperature, and the acid value is increased from 0 to 1.5mg KOH/g to 7mg KOH/g in the whole aging gradient range. The dielectric loss of the esterified rapeseed oil is consistent in change trend under the whole aging temperature gradient, the dielectric loss of the esterified rapeseed oil is increased along with the increase of aging time under all temperatures, the higher the aging temperature is, the larger the dielectric loss is under the same aging days, and the dielectric loss of the esterified rapeseed oil is increased from 0.5% to 2.5% -4.5% after aging for 80 days. With the increase of the aging time, the breakdown voltage of the esterified rapeseed oil is obviously reduced; under different aging temperatures, the difference of breakdown voltages is obviously increased along with the increase of aging time, and the breakdown voltage of the esterified rapeseed oil is reduced from 70kV to 55-65 kV in the whole aging temperature gradient range after aging for 80 days.
The invention discloses a method for testing the aging of high-overload vegetable insulating oil, which has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the mixture of the vegetable insulating oil and the insulating paper board is used as an experimental sample, so that the problem that the aging state of the distribution transformer is difficult to evaluate due to the fact that the internal working environment of the transformer becomes complex as the oil temperature rises under the overload running condition of the high-overload vegetable insulating oil high-speed rail distribution transformer can be solved;
2. according to the invention, the water content of a sample for an aging test is firstly controlled in the pretreatment process, and then the sample and the enameled copper bar are subjected to vacuum impregnation treatment in a stainless steel sealed tank, so that the influence of oxidation on the initial aging stage of insulating oil and insulating paper boards can be further avoided, and the aging test result is more accurate;
3. according to the invention, the aging test is carried out by adopting a temperature gradient (from 120 ℃ to 180 ℃, and one gradient is formed at every 5 ℃) in the aging test process, and meanwhile, the pulse heating device is adopted in the aging box to accurately heat to an accurate temperature gradient value, so that the aging test result can be ensured;
4. the method disclosed by the invention is low in cost, low in technical difficulty and high in test efficiency, is beneficial to accelerating the research on the aging characteristics such as breakdown voltage, water content, acid value and dielectric loss of the vegetable insulating oil and the aging characteristics such as water content, polymerization degree and mechanical strength of insulating paper, and provides great technical support for efficiently and high-quality developing an environment-friendly and energy-saving vegetable insulating oil distribution transformer for high-speed rail with high overload capacity.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The aging test method for the vegetable insulating oil with high overload is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: firstly, drying the plant insulating oil until the water content is lower than 5mg/kg, naturally absorbing moisture of an insulating paper board in the air to enable the water content to be lower than 0.5%, secondly, adding the treated plant insulating oil and the insulating paper board into a stainless steel sealing tank according to the mass ratio of 10:1, then adding an enameled copper bar, and then, sealing the stainless steel sealing tank and then carrying out vacuum impregnation for 24 hours;
(2) and (3) aging test: and (3) placing the pretreated stainless steel sealed tank in an aging box heated by a pulse heating device for accelerated aging test, wherein the temperature gradient in the aging box is 120 ℃, 125 ℃, 130 ℃, 135 ℃, 140 ℃, 145 ℃, 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃, 170 ℃, 175 ℃ and 180 ℃.
2. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the vegetable insulating oil in the step (1) is any one of soybean oil, ester oil or rapeseed vegetable insulating oil.
3. The test method according to claim 2, wherein the ester oil is any one or more of esterified soybean oil, esterified tung oil or esterified rapeseed oil.
4. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in step (1) is drying in a vacuum oven at 90 ℃ and 50Pa for 48 h.
5. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the insulating paper board in step (1) is a grade A insulating paper or a grade B insulating paper.
6. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the surface area of the enameled copper bar to the total volume of the insulating oil and the insulating paper board in step (1) is 1:6, m2:L。
7. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the stainless steel hermetic vessel in the step (1) is filled with nitrogen gas before sealing, and the vacuum impregnation is performed at a temperature of 40 ℃ and a pressure of 50 Pa.
8. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the sampling time in the aging test in the step (2) is 0, 7, 15, 30, 80 days, respectively.
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