CN111965126A - Fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment and method - Google Patents
Fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111965126A CN111965126A CN202010922795.7A CN202010922795A CN111965126A CN 111965126 A CN111965126 A CN 111965126A CN 202010922795 A CN202010922795 A CN 202010922795A CN 111965126 A CN111965126 A CN 111965126A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
Abstract
The application relates to a fruit characteristic parameter measuring device and a method, wherein the measuring device comprises a light emitter, a light receiver and a measuring device; the light emitter comprises an emitting plate and a plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the emitting plate, wherein the light emitting tubes are used for emitting first detection light; the optical receiver is used for receiving the second detection light and outputting an optical signal; the second detection light is the reflected light of the light receiver after the first detection light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the pulp of the detected fruit; the measuring device is connected with the luminotron and the light receiver and used for obtaining a light intensity parameter according to a light signal output by the light receiver and obtaining a characteristic parameter of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameter. This fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment has increased the irradiation range of the first probe light of being launched by the light emitter through the transmitting plate and a plurality of luminotrons of distributing in this transmitting plate that set up, is favorable to increasing fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment's effective measurement area, improves measuring result's accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a fruit quality determination technology, in particular to a fruit characteristic parameter measuring device and method.
Background
With the continuous progress of living standard, people have higher and higher requirements on the fruit quality. The fruit characteristics such as sweetness, acidity and hardness are important indexes for judging the quality of the fruit. Therefore, in fruit growing cultivation, a targeted measure is usually taken to improve the quality of the fruit, and after the fruit is picked, the characteristic parameters of the fruit are measured for graded sale.
The traditional fruit characteristic parameter nondestructive measurement equipment utilizes a single light source to irradiate a detected fruit, collects a light intensity signal which is diffusely reflected back from the interior of the detected fruit, and calculates the relation between the light intensity and the characteristic parameter of the detected fruit to further deduce the characteristic parameter of the detected fruit. However, because the actual growth conditions are different, such as uneven illumination, and the difference of the characteristic parameters of different parts of the same fruit is usually large, the traditional fruit characteristic parameter nondestructive measurement equipment and method cannot truly reflect the characteristics of the whole fruit.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, there is a need for a fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus and method, which can accurately measure the characteristic parameters of the whole fruit.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus, which includes an optical emitter, an optical receiver and a measuring device;
the light emitter comprises an emitting plate and a plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the emitting plate, wherein the light emitting tubes are used for emitting first detection light;
the optical receiver is used for receiving the second detection light and outputting an optical signal; the second detection light is the reflected light of the light receiver after the first detection light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the pulp of the detected fruit;
the measuring device is connected with the luminotron and the light receiver and used for obtaining a light intensity parameter according to a light signal output by the light receiver and obtaining a characteristic parameter of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameter.
In one embodiment, the light emitter comprises at least two emitting plates symmetrically distributed on both sides of the light receiver.
In one embodiment, the light emitter further comprises a focusing lens; the focusing lens is arranged on the emission plate and is used for focusing the characteristic light emitted by the light emitting tube and then entering the fruit pulp to be detected.
In one embodiment, the light emitter comprises a light emitting tube of at least two wavelengths; the optical receiver comprises the same number of optical detectors as the number of wavelengths, and the optical detectors are connected with the measuring device.
In one embodiment, the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths are the same in number and are uniformly distributed on the emission plate.
In one embodiment, the optical receiver further comprises light splitting pieces and optical filters, the number of the optical filters is the same as that of the optical detectors, and the light splitting pieces, the optical filters and the optical detectors are arranged in sequence; the light splitting piece is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the second detection light; the optical filter is used for filtering the second detection light after the light splitting treatment to obtain third detection light; the third detection light comprises a plurality of monochromatic light beams with different wavelengths; the optical detector is connected with the measuring device and used for receiving third detection light with corresponding wavelength and outputting an electric signal.
In one embodiment, the light splitting element is further configured to change a transmission direction of the second detection light after the light splitting process, so that the second detection light after the light splitting process is vertically incident on the optical filter.
In one embodiment, the measuring device comprises a driving circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a controller; the driving circuit is connected with the light emitting tube and is used for driving the light emitting tube to emit first detection light; the signal acquisition circuit is connected with the optical receiver and is used for processing the electric signal output by the optical receiver to obtain a processed signal and sending the processed signal to the controller; the controller is connected with the driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit, and is used for sending a control instruction to the driving circuit, analyzing the light intensity parameters of the signals processed by the signal acquisition circuit, and calculating the characteristic parameters of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameters.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring fruit characteristic parameters, which is implemented based on the fruit characteristic parameter measuring device in the foregoing embodiment, and the method includes:
the light emitter emits first detection light;
the optical receiver receives the second detection light and outputs an electric signal;
the measuring device obtains a light intensity parameter according to the electric signal and obtains a characteristic parameter of the measured fruit according to the light intensity parameter.
In one embodiment, the first probe light includes at least two wavelengths, and the optical receiver receives the second probe light and outputs an electrical signal, including: processing the second detection light to obtain third detection light; the third detection light comprises a plurality of monochromatic light beams with different wavelengths; and receiving the third detection light with the corresponding wavelength and outputting an electric signal.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
set up transmitting plate and a plurality of luminotrons that distribute in this transmitting plate on the light emitter, this luminotron is used for launching first probing light, then, use light receiver to receive first probing light and go into light receiver's second probing light behind the fruit pulp diffuse reflection of being surveyed to carry out signal conversion to this second probing light, output light signal, rethread measuring device handles this light signal, obtain the light intensity parameter, and obtain the characteristic parameter of being surveyed the fruit according to this light intensity parameter, and like this, just can realize the nondestructive measurement to fruit characteristic parameter. Meanwhile, the transmitting plate arranged on the light emitter and the plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the transmitting plate increase the irradiation range of the first detection light emitted by the light emitter, are favorable for increasing the effective measurement area of the fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment, and improve the accuracy of the measurement result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a fruit characteristic parameter measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmitter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical receiver according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for measuring fruit characteristic parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of another method for measuring fruit characteristic parameters according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals: 10-a detected fruit, 20 light emitters, 30-light receivers, 40-a measuring device, 21-a transmitting plate, 22-a light-emitting tube, 23-a connecting point, 24-a focusing lens, 31-a diffusing plate, 32-a light detector, 33-a photosensitive area, 221-a first infrared LED, 222-a second infrared LED and 223-a third infrared LED.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. Further, "connection" in the following embodiments is understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", and the like if there is transfer of electrical signals or data between the connected objects, and similarly is understood as "optical connection" if there is transfer of optical signals between the connected objects.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, as used in this specification, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, a fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, which includes a light emitter 20, a light receiver 30 and a measuring device 40; the light emitter comprises an emitting plate 21 and a plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the emitting plate 21, wherein the light emitting tubes are used for emitting first detection light; the optical receiver 30 is configured to receive the second probe light and output an optical signal; the second detection light is the reflected light of the first detection light entering the light receiver 30 after the first detection light is diffusely reflected by the pulp of the detected fruit; the measuring device 30 is connected to the light emitting tube 22 and the light receiver 30, and is configured to obtain a light intensity parameter according to the light signal output by the light receiver 30, and obtain a characteristic parameter of the detected result according to the light intensity parameter.
The fruit characteristic parameters refer to indexes for characterizing the fruit quality, and during the fruit planting and cultivating process, fruit growers usually take targeted measures to improve the fruit quality, for example, adjust the soil acidity and alkalinity, scientifically fertilize, and improve the illumination condition to increase the sweetness of the fruit. Accordingly, after fruit is picked, it is necessary to sort the different qualities of fruit for graded sale. Fruit characteristic parameters that are generally used as criteria for classifying the quality of fruit include size, shape, color, sweetness, acidity, hardness, and the like. The present embodiment is not limited to specific fruit characteristic parameter types.
Specifically, the light emitter 20 may be fixed to the light receiver 30 through a support rod, or may be fixed to a predetermined bracket. The embodiment is not limited to the specific fixing manner of the light emitter. The light emitter 20 is provided with an emission plate 21, and the emission plate 21 is used for fixing the light emitting tube. The arrangement mode of the plurality of light emitting tubes on the emission plate can be array distribution or annular distribution. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of light-emitting tubes 22 are annularly distributed on emission plate 21. Further, the plurality of light emitting tubes may be uniformly distributed on the emission plate so that the first detection light emitted from light emitting tube 22 is more uniformly irradiated onto the fruit to be measured. Light-emitting tube 22 may be an LED (light-emitting diode), OLED (organic light-emitting diode), or halogen lamp, among other known forms of light-emitting sources. Light-emitting tube 22 may be square or circular in shape. The shape and kind of the light emitting tube are not limited in this embodiment.
In addition, the light emitter 20 and the light receiver 30 may be provided with a supporting device to form a supporting point for supporting the fruit 10 to be measured, so that the fruit 10 to be measured may be stably placed on the fruit characteristic parameter measuring device. The supporting device can be a flat plate or a sucker, and the specific shape and material of the supporting device are not limited in the application. For example, emission plate 21 may be formed in an arc shape to better support fruit 10 under test, and light-emitting tube 22 on emission plate 21 may be brought closer to the surface of fruit 10 under test to improve the utilization rate of the first detection light emitted from light-emitting tube 21. In addition, the emitting plate 21 can be made of flexible material, and can be folded and deformed according to the shape of the tested fruit 10 during use, so that the emitting plate 21 can better fit the surface of the tested fruit 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the thickness of the light emitter 20 is 1.6mm, as shown in FIG. 2, the emitting plate 21 is a circular disk with a radius of 10mm, and the light emitting tube 22 is a square light emitting tube with a width of 3.5mm and a length of 2.8 mm.
The first detection light emitted from the light emitting tube 22 enters the fruit 10 to be detected and then undergoes diffuse reflection, a part of the light enters the light receiver 30 after being diffusely reflected, and the part of the reflected light received by the light receiver 30 is the second detection light. It is to be understood that the first detection light is not a single light beam but a general term of the characteristic light emitted from the plurality of light emitting tubes, and similarly, the second detection light is not a single light beam but a general term of the reflected light entering the light receiver after being diffusely reflected. Specifically, the optical receiver 30 may include one or more optical detectors for receiving the second detection light and converting the second detection light into an electrical signal. For example, when the first detection light contains only a light beam of one wavelength, only one photodetector may be provided; when the first detection light includes light beams with two or more wavelengths, a plurality of photodetectors may be correspondingly disposed to detect the reflected light with the corresponding wavelengths, respectively. In addition, a diffusion plate 31 may be disposed on the light receiver 30, the diffusion plate 31 is made of a light-transmitting material, and can transmit the reflected light reaching the diffusion plate 31 after being diffusely reflected by the fruit pulp to be tested, and the diffusion plate 31 is also used for supporting the fruit 10 to be tested. Further, before the reflected light enters the light detector, a condensing lens is arranged to perform focusing processing on the reflected light, so that more reflected light enters the light sensing surface of the light detector, and the intensity of the optical signal is increased.
The optical receiver 30 receives the second detection light and outputs an electrical signal, after the electrical signal enters the measuring device 40, the measuring device 40 analyzes and operates the electrical signal, a light intensity parameter is obtained by reverse estimation, and then the characteristic parameter of the detected fruit 10 is obtained according to the light intensity parameter and a preset calculation model. It will be understood that the measured result 10 and the characteristic parameter to be measured are different, and the wavelength of the first detection light emitted by the corresponding light emitter 20 and the calculation model preset in the measuring device 40 will be different. Specifically, a spectrometer may be used to collect the diffuse reflection spectrum of the fruit to be measured, perform correlation analysis on the diffuse reflection spectrum and the characteristic parameter to be measured to obtain a corresponding characteristic wavelength, and establish a preset model, then set the light emitting tube 22 with the corresponding wavelength on the light emitter 20, set the light detector with the corresponding wavelength on the light receiver 30, and input the preset model into the measuring device 40.
Furthermore, light-emitting tubes 22 of a plurality of wavelengths may be provided on light emitter 20, and a drive circuit may be provided in measuring device 40, and light-emitting tube 22 of a specific wavelength may be driven by the drive circuit to emit first detection light of the corresponding wavelength. For example, when the detected characteristic parameter is the sugar content of the apple, the near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum of the apple can be collected by the micro fiber spectrometer, and correlation analysis is performed on the spectrum and the actual sugar content of the apple, so that a calculation model of the near-infrared characteristic wavelength, the diffuse reflection light intensity and the sugar content corresponding to the sugar content analysis of the apple can be obtained. Therefore, the infrared LED with the characteristic wavelength can be selected to irradiate the surface of the apple and emit first detection light, the first detection light is detected by the optical detector with the corresponding wavelength in the optical receiver after being subjected to diffuse reflection on apple pulp, the first detection light is converted into an electric signal and then is sent to the measuring device, the measuring device analyzes the electric signal, the diffuse reflection light intensity parameter is obtained through backstepping, and then the apple brix can be obtained through calculation according to the light intensity parameter and a calculation model obtained through correlation analysis.
Furthermore, after the measuring device obtains the fruit characteristic parameters, the information comprising the measuring result is output. Specifically, the content of the prompt message may be a text message, or may be a light or sound message. The measuring device can send prompt information to the signal lamp and/or the buzzer, and the signal lamp and/or the buzzer generates signals to prompt the measuring result. For example, when the signal is a light, different colors of light may be provided to identify different qualities of fruit. The measuring device can also send prompt information to the display, and the display displays the prompt information, so that a user can flexibly set a threshold value according to a measuring result to classify the fruit quality. The measuring device can send prompt information to a terminal, and the terminal can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet and can also be an upper computer. The embodiment does not limit the manner of outputting the prompt message and the specific content of the prompt message by the measuring device. Optionally, a display device may be disposed on the measuring apparatus to display the measuring result, so that the user can flexibly set the threshold value according to the measuring result to classify the fruit quality.
In addition, a power supply device can be arranged on the measuring equipment, and the power supply device is connected with the relevant device in the measuring equipment and used for supplying power. The power supply device may be a plug for connecting an external power supply, or may be a built-in battery with an energy storage function, and the specific form of the power supply device is not limited in this embodiment.
In the above embodiment, set up transmitting plate and a plurality of luminotrons that distribute in this transmitting plate on the light emitter, first probing light is launched to this luminotron, then, use light receiver to receive first probing light and go into light receiver's second probing light behind the fruit pulp diffuse reflection of being surveyed to carry out signal conversion to this second probing light, the output signal of telecommunication, rethread measuring device handles this signal of telecommunication, obtain light intensity parameter, and obtain the characteristic parameter of being surveyed the fruit according to this light intensity parameter, and like this, just can realize the nondestructive measurement to fruit characteristic parameter. Meanwhile, the transmitting plate arranged on the light emitter and the plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the transmitting plate increase the irradiation range of the first detection light emitted by the light emitter, are favorable for increasing the effective measurement area of the fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment, and improve the accuracy of the measurement result.
In one embodiment, the light emitter 20 includes at least two emitting plates 21, and the emitting plates 21 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the light receiver 30.
Specifically, with reference to fig. 1, two emitting plates may be symmetrically disposed on two sides of the optical receiver 30, and one side of the emitting plate close to the optical receiver 30 is connected to the optical receiver 30. Furthermore, the transmitting plates are movably connected with the light receiver 30, the transmitting plates can rotate around the connecting points 23, and when the measurement is not performed, the two transmitting plates respectively rotate around the corresponding connecting points 23 clockwise or anticlockwise, so that the transmitting plates are in a retracted state and are convenient to store; when measuring, then according to the size of the fruit of being surveyed, open the transmitting plate to certain angle, be convenient for on the one hand support the fruit of being surveyed 10, on the other hand also can make the luminotron on the transmitting plate laminate better the fruit of being surveyed 10, shine the fruit of being surveyed 10 uniformly, improve the utilization ratio of first probe light. As in fig. 1, the opening angle of the two emitting plates is 130 °. It can be understood that more than two transmitting plates can be arranged according to actual conditions, and only the transmitting plates need to be symmetrically arranged on two sides of the receiver, and the specific number of the transmitting plates is not limited in this embodiment.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, through the transmitting plate that sets up the symmetric distribution in photoreceiver both sides, be convenient for on the one hand for being surveyed the fruit and provide support, on the other hand also can make the luminotron laminate better and be surveyed the fruit, makes first probe light shine more evenly and is surveyed the fruit surface, is favorable to improving the utilization ratio of first probe light, and increase fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment's effective measurement area improves measuring result's accuracy.
In an embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 1, the light emitter 20 further includes a focusing lens 24, and the focusing lens 24 is disposed on the emitting plate and is used for focusing the characteristic light emitted by the light emitting tube on the emitting plate and entering the fruit pulp to be measured.
The focusing lens 24 may be a focusing lens or a reflective lens. When the focusing lens is a focusing lens, the focusing lens 24 is arranged between the light-emitting tube and the measured fruit 10, and the characteristic light emitted by the light-emitting tube passes through the focusing lens 24 and is focused on the measured fruit 10; when the focusing lens is a reflective lens, the focusing lens 24 is disposed between the light emitting tube and the emitting plate, and the characteristic light emitted from the light emitting tube 22 is reflected by the focusing lens 24 and then focused on the measured fruit 10.
Specifically, focusing lenses 24 correspond to light-emitting tubes 22 one by one, each focusing lens 24 focuses the characteristic light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting tube 22, and the focused characteristic light forms first detection light and enters the fruit flesh to be detected. As shown in fig. 2, when light-emitting tubes 22 are annularly distributed on emission plate 21, an annular condensing lens may be provided to focus characteristic light emitted from light-emitting tubes 22 to form first detection light. Furthermore, the position and the angle of the focusing lens are adjusted, so that the focus of the focusing lens is positioned in the inner area of the fruit peel of the fruit to be measured, the first detection light formed after focusing can directly penetrate into the fruit pulp to be measured, the light intensity and the utilization rate of the first detection light are improved, the sensitivity of the measuring equipment is improved, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.
In the above embodiment, the characteristic light emitted by the light emitting tube is focused by the focusing lens, so that the first detection light energy formed after focusing is more concentrated, the light intensity and the utilization rate of the first detection light are improved, the sensitivity of the measuring equipment is improved, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.
In one embodiment, the light emitter comprises light emitting tubes of at least two wavelengths, and the light receiver comprises the same number of light detectors as the wavelengths, and the light detectors are connected with the measuring device.
Specifically, as described above, when performing spectral analysis of fruit characteristic parameters, corresponding characteristic wavelengths are generally obtained. Usually, the characteristic wavelength is not only related to the fruit type, but also related to the characteristics of the hardness, density and the like of the fruit, so that the characteristic wavelength is a unique value but a characteristic wavelength range for the same fruit. For example, the characteristic wavelengths corresponding to the Brix of apples with different hardness are different, but all are within a characteristic wavelength range of 880nm to 1050nm corresponding to the Brix of apples.
A plurality of wavelengths are selected in the characteristic wavelength range, the light emitting tubes corresponding to the wavelengths are arranged to emit first detection light, the light detectors corresponding to the wavelengths are arranged in the light receiver, and then third detection light containing a plurality of wavelengths can be received. Wherein the selected plurality of wavelengths are uniformly distributed within the characteristic wavelength range. For example, in the case where the characteristic wavelength range is 880nm to 1050nm, 5 wavelengths are selected to be 880nm, 900nm, 940nm, 970nm, and 1050nm, respectively, which makes it possible to make the measurement range wider. It is to be understood that the third detection light is not a single light beam, but a general term of reflected light entering the light detector after being diffusely reflected. For example, if a light-emitting tube having 5 wavelengths is disposed on the transmitting plate and the first detection light having 5 wavelengths is emitted, as shown in fig. 3, it is necessary to dispose 5 photodetectors 32 corresponding to the 5 wavelengths on the light receiver to collect the third detection light.
The light collector converts the collected light signal of the third detection light into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the measuring device, and the measuring device calculates according to a preset formula to obtain the corresponding fruit characteristic parameter information. The light intensity parameters of the light beams with different wavelengths in the third detection light can be substituted into the preset model in a weighted average mode for calculation to obtain the characteristic parameters of the detected fruit, and a correction term can be introduced into the preset model to improve the accuracy of the fruit characteristic parameter measurement result.
Furthermore, light-emitting tubes 22 with multiple wavelengths may be disposed on emitter 20, a driving circuit may be disposed in measuring device 40 to drive the light-emitting tubes with different wavelengths to emit light, and the corresponding relationship between the fruit type, characteristic parameters, characteristic wavelengths, and preset models may be stored in a storage module of measuring device 40. When fruit characteristic parameter measurement is carried out, a user only needs to select corresponding fruit types and characteristic parameters, the driving circuit drives the light emitting tubes with corresponding wavelengths to emit first detection light, the measuring device 40 carries out calculation of the characteristic parameters according to corresponding preset models, and therefore measurement of a plurality of characteristic parameters of various fruits can be achieved on the same measuring device. In addition, a function selection device can be arranged on the measuring equipment, so that a user can conveniently select the type and the characteristic parameters of the measured fruit. The function selection device may include an operable touch screen display interface, a selection button, or a remote controller, and the specific form of the function selection device is not limited in this embodiment.
In the above embodiment, the light emitting tubes with at least two wavelengths are arranged on the emitter, the light detectors with corresponding wavelengths are arranged on the light receiver, and the third detection light with multiple wavelengths can be received, so that light intensity information with more wavelengths can be collected, the accuracy of fruit characteristic parameter measurement results can be improved, and in addition, the arrangement of the light emitting tubes with multiple wavelengths is also beneficial to improving the flexibility of application scenes of the fruit characteristic parameter measurement equipment.
In one embodiment, the number of light emitting tubes with different wavelengths is the same and is uniformly distributed.
Specifically, the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths are uniformly distributed, the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths may be arranged at intervals in an array or in a ring shape, and the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths may be arranged at the same interval for each wavelength or sequentially arranged in sequence, taking the ring distribution as an example. Taking the measurement of the sugar content of the apple as an example, in the wavelength range of 880nm to 1050nm, 5 wavelengths of 880nm, 900nm, 940nm, 970nm and 1050nm are selected, infrared LEDs corresponding to the 5 wavelengths are arranged on the light emitter, as shown in fig. 2, a total of 15 infrared LEDs are arranged on the emission plate 21, wherein 3 infrared LEDs of each wavelength are uniformly distributed. For example, in fig. 2, the first infrared LED 221, the second infrared LED 222, and the third infrared LED 223 are infrared LEDs each having a wavelength of 970 nm. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the types and specific arrangement of the light emitting tubes are not limited, and only the number of the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths needs to be set to be the same, and the light emitting tubes are uniformly distributed on the emission plate.
In the embodiment, the light emitting tubes with the same number and the uniformly distributed corresponding wavelengths are arranged on the emitting plate, so that the characteristic light with different wavelengths emitted by the light emitting tubes is uniformly irradiated on the measured fruit, the irradiation range of the characteristic light with different wavelengths is enlarged, the effective measurement area of the fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment is increased, and the accuracy of the measurement result is improved.
In one embodiment, the optical receiver comprises a light splitting piece, an optical filter and an optical detector which are connected in sequence; the light splitting piece is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the second detection light; the optical filter is used for filtering the second detection light after the light splitting treatment to obtain third detection light; the third detection light comprises a plurality of monochromatic light beams with different wavelengths; the optical detector is connected with the measuring device and used for receiving the third detection light with the corresponding wavelength and outputting an electric signal.
The light splitting component comprises a plurality of light splitters and a light beam transmission device and is used for carrying out light splitting processing on the collected second detection light. For example, when the brix measurement is performed by using the first detection light with 5 wavelengths, the collected second detection light needs to be split into 5 beams, as shown in fig. 3, corresponding to the photosensitive regions 33 of the 5 photodetectors 32. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal collected by the optical detector, after the second detection light is subjected to light splitting, an optical filter is further arranged to perform light filtering processing on the second detection light subjected to light splitting processing, so that third detection light is obtained. Thus, the third detection light reaching the photosensitive area of the light detector is a monochromatic light beam with a corresponding wavelength.
As shown in fig. 1, the light-splitting member may be disposed between the diffusion plate 31 and the photodetector 32, and a housing may be provided for protection and dust prevention. Furthermore, the angle and the position of the light splitting piece can be set, so that the second detection light passing through the light splitting piece vertically enters the optical filter, and then the optical filter and the optical detector are arranged in parallel, so that the third detection light vertically enters the optical detector. Therefore, the utilization rate of the second detection light can be improved, and the measurement sensitivity and precision can be improved.
In the above embodiment, the light splitting element and the optical filter which are connected once are arranged in the optical receiver, so that the third detection light in the light sensing area of the detector is a monochromatic light beam with a corresponding wavelength, which is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal collected by the optical detector and improving the sensitivity and precision of measurement.
In one embodiment, a measurement device includes a drive circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, and a controller; the driving circuit is connected with the light emitting tube and is used for driving the light emitting tube to emit first detection light; the signal acquisition circuit is connected with the optical receiver and is used for processing the electric signal output by the optical receiver to obtain a processed signal and sending the processed signal to the controller; the controller is connected with the driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit, and is used for sending a control instruction to the driving circuit, analyzing the light intensity parameters of the signals processed by the signal acquisition circuit, and calculating the characteristic parameters of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameters.
The drive circuit can be arranged on the transmitting plate or at the bottom of the light receiver and is connected with the light emitting tube on the transmitting plate through the lead wire to control the on-off of the light emitting tube on the transmitting plate. For example, a PCB (printed circuit board) of the drive circuit may be provided on the emission plate, and the light emitting tube may be fixed to the PCB. Specifically, the controller can send a control instruction to the driving circuit to selectively open or close the light emitting tubes with specific wavelengths, and can also selectively open or close the light emitting tubes at certain specific positions. Further, the drive circuit is a DAC (digital-to-analog conversion) drive circuit.
The optical receiver sends the electric signal to the signal acquisition circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit processes the received electric signal and sends the processed signal to the controller through the serial data bus. Wherein, the acquisition circuit is an ADC (analog-to-digital conversion) acquisition circuit. Optionally, when the electrical signal output by the optical receiver is weak, the electrical signal may be amplified and then sent to the signal acquisition circuit for signal acquisition, which is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio and improving the resolution of the measurement device.
The controller receives the signal sent by the signal acquisition circuit, and reversely deduces the light intensity parameter of the second detection light through the signal, and calculates the characteristic parameter of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameter and a preset model. Specifically, a spectrometer can be used for collecting the diffuse reflection spectrum of the detected fruit, correlation analysis is carried out on the diffuse reflection spectrum and the detected characteristic parameters, corresponding characteristic wavelengths are obtained, and a preset model is established. The preset models are different according to different types of fruits and different types of characteristic parameters. In addition, a correction term can be introduced into the preset model so as to improve the accuracy of the fruit characteristic parameter measurement result. The correction term may be an error coefficient resulting from repeated measurements of a certain characteristic parameter of the same fruit.
In the embodiment, the controller is arranged to send the instruction to the driving circuit so as to control the on and off of the light emitting tubes, so that different light emitting tubes can be opened or closed according to the types of the detected fruit and the characteristic parameters, and the flexibility of the application scene of the fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment is improved; the second detection light signals are analyzed and processed through the signal acquisition circuit, the processed signals are sent to the controller, the controller analyzes the signals to obtain light intensity parameters, characteristic parameters of the detected fruit are calculated according to the light intensity parameters and a preset model, the analysis and calculation capacity of the measuring equipment can be improved, and the measuring efficiency and the accuracy of the measuring result are improved.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring fruit characteristic parameters, which is implemented based on the fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus in the foregoing embodiment, and the method includes:
step S410: the light emitter emits first detection light.
Specifically, the light emitter is provided with an emitting plate and a plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the emitting plate, and the light emitting tubes are used for emitting first detection light. As described above, the first detection light is not a single light beam but a general term of characteristic light emitted by a plurality of light emitting tubes.
Step S420: the optical receiver receives the second detection light and outputs an electrical signal.
The first detection light emitted by the light emitting tube enters the pulp of the fruit to be detected and then undergoes diffuse reflection, a part of light enters the light receiver after being diffusely reflected, and the part of reflected light received by the light receiver is the second detection light; and after receiving the second detection light, the optical receiver converts the second detection light into an electrical signal and outputs the electrical signal to the measuring device. As described above, the second detection light is not a single light beam, but is a general term for reflected light entering the light receiver after being diffusely reflected.
Step S430: the measuring device obtains a light intensity parameter according to the electric signal and obtains a characteristic parameter of the measured fruit according to the light intensity parameter.
The measuring device analyzes and calculates the electric signal sent by the light receiver, reversely deduces to obtain a light intensity parameter, and then obtains a characteristic parameter of the measured fruit according to the light intensity parameter and a preset calculation model. It can be understood that the fruit to be measured and the characteristic parameter to be measured are different, and the wavelength of the first detection light emitted by the corresponding light emitter and the calculation model preset in the measuring device will be different. Specifically, a spectrometer can be used for collecting a diffuse reflection spectrum of a detected fruit, correlation analysis is performed on the diffuse reflection spectrum and a detected characteristic parameter to obtain a corresponding characteristic wavelength, a preset model is established, a light emitting tube with a corresponding wavelength is arranged on a light emitter, a light detector with a corresponding wavelength is arranged on a light receiver, and the preset model is input into a measuring device.
In addition, after the step S430, the method may further include a step of outputting a prompt message according to the characteristic parameter of the detected result. Specifically, the content of the prompt message may be a text message, or may be a light or sound message. The measuring device can send prompt information to the signal lamp and/or the buzzer, and the signal lamp and/or the buzzer generates signals to prompt the measuring result. For example, when the signal is a light, different colors of light may be provided to identify different qualities of fruit. The measuring device can also send prompt information to the display, and the display displays the prompt information, so that a user can flexibly set a threshold value according to a measuring result to classify the fruit quality. The measuring device can send prompt information to a terminal, and the terminal can be a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone and a tablet and can also be an upper computer. The embodiment does not limit the manner of outputting the prompt message and the specific content of the prompt message by the measuring device.
In the above embodiment, the light emitter emits the first detection light, the light receiver receives the second detection light entering the light receiver after the first detection light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the pulp of the fruit to be detected, the second detection light is subjected to signal conversion, an electric signal is output, the electric signal is processed through the measuring device to obtain the light intensity parameter, and the characteristic parameter of the fruit to be detected is obtained according to the light intensity parameter, so that the nondestructive measurement of the characteristic parameter of the fruit can be realized. Meanwhile, the transmitting plate arranged on the light emitter and the plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the transmitting plate increase the irradiation range of the first detection light emitted by the light emitter, are favorable for increasing the effective measurement area of the fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment, and improve the accuracy of the measurement result.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, in step 410, the first probe light emitted by the optical emitter includes at least two wavelengths, and correspondingly, step 420 includes step 421 and step 422.
Step 421: the optical receiver processes the second detection light to obtain third detection light; the third probe light includes a plurality of monochromatic light beams having different wavelengths.
Specifically, the optical receiver may include a light splitting element and an optical filter connected thereto. The light splitting element may include a plurality of light splitters and a light beam transmitting device for splitting the collected second detection light. After the second detection light is subjected to the light splitting treatment, an optical filter can be further arranged for filtering the second detection light after the light splitting treatment, so that the third detection light reaching the light sensing area of the light detector is a monochromatic light beam with a corresponding wavelength.
Step 422: the optical receiver receives the third probe light of the corresponding wavelength and outputs an electrical signal.
Specifically, the third detection light may be received by a light detector disposed in parallel with the optical filter, and the light signal is converted into an electrical signal and output to the measuring device. As described above, the third detection light is not a single light beam, but is a general term for reflected light entering the light detector after being diffusely reflected.
In the above embodiment, the light splitting element and the optical filter which are connected once are arranged in the optical receiver, so that the third detection light in the light sensing area of the detector is a monochromatic light beam with a corresponding wavelength, which is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical signal collected by the optical detector and improving the sensitivity and precision of measurement.
It should be understood that although the various steps in the flowcharts of fig. 4-5 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 4-5 may include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the other steps or stages.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fruit characteristic parameter measuring device is characterized by comprising a light emitter, a light receiver and a measuring device;
the light emitter comprises an emitting plate and a plurality of light emitting tubes distributed on the emitting plate, and the light emitting tubes are used for emitting first detection light;
the optical receiver is used for receiving the second detection light and outputting an electric signal; the second detection light is reflected light entering a light receiver after the first detection light is subjected to diffuse reflection on the pulp of the detected fruit;
the measuring device is connected with the luminotron and the light receiver and used for obtaining a light intensity parameter according to the electric signal and obtaining a characteristic parameter of the measured fruit according to the light intensity parameter.
2. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the light emitter comprises at least two emitting plates symmetrically distributed on both sides of the light receiver.
3. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring device of claim 1, wherein the light emitter further comprises a focusing lens; the focusing lens is arranged on the emission plate and used for focusing the characteristic light emitted by the light emitting tube and then entering the fruit pulp to be detected.
4. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light emitter comprises a light emitting tube of at least two wavelengths;
the optical receiver comprises the same number of optical detectors as the number of the wavelengths, and the optical detectors are connected with the measuring device.
5. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring device of claim 4, wherein the number of the light emitting tubes with different wavelengths is the same and is uniformly distributed on the emitting plate.
6. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the light receiver further comprises light splitting pieces and light filters, the number of the light filters is the same as that of the light detectors, and the light splitting pieces, the light filters and the light detectors are arranged in sequence;
the light splitting part is used for performing light splitting processing on the second detection light;
the optical filter is used for filtering the second detection light after the light splitting treatment to obtain third detection light; the third detection light comprises a plurality of monochromatic light beams with different wavelengths;
the optical detector is connected with the measuring device and used for receiving third detection light with corresponding wavelength and outputting an electric signal.
7. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the light splitter is further configured to change a transmission direction of the second detection light after the light splitting process, so that the second detection light after the light splitting process is incident perpendicularly to the optical filter.
8. The fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the measuring device comprises a driving circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a controller;
the driving circuit is connected with the light emitting tube and used for driving the light emitting tube to emit first detection light;
the signal acquisition circuit is connected with the optical receiver and is used for processing the electric signal output by the optical receiver to obtain a processed signal and sending the processed signal to the controller;
the controller is connected with the driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit, and is used for sending a control instruction to the driving circuit, analyzing the light intensity parameters of the signals processed by the signal acquisition circuit, and calculating the characteristic parameters of the detected fruit according to the light intensity parameters.
9. A fruit characteristic parameter measuring method, which is implemented based on the fruit characteristic parameter measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and which comprises:
the light emitter emits first detection light;
the optical receiver receives the second detection light and outputs an optical signal;
and the measuring device obtains a light intensity parameter according to the optical signal and obtains a characteristic parameter of the measured fruit according to the light intensity parameter.
10. The fruit characteristic parameter measurement method of claim 9, wherein the first probe light comprises at least two wavelengths, and the optical receiver receives the second probe light and outputs an optical signal, comprising:
processing the second detection light to obtain third detection light; the third detection light comprises a plurality of monochromatic light beams with different wavelengths;
and receiving third detection light with corresponding wavelength and outputting an optical signal.
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| CN202010922795.7A CN111965126A (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | Fruit characteristic parameter measuring equipment and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113985386A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-01-28 | 四川吉埃智能科技有限公司 | Adjustable laser radar optical receiving device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113985386A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-01-28 | 四川吉埃智能科技有限公司 | Adjustable laser radar optical receiving device |
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