CN111965011A - Clamping device for preventing compression instability of ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses - Google Patents
Clamping device for preventing compression instability of ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a clamping device for preventing ultrahigh-strength steel with different thicknesses from generating compression instability, which comprises a quick positioning mechanism, a supporting plate and an elastic element, wherein the quick positioning mechanism is arranged on the supporting plate; the quick positioning mechanism comprises a comb-shaped block, a first clamping block and a second clamping block; the comb-shaped blocks are composed of two upper comb-shaped blocks and two lower comb-shaped blocks; the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block are movably connected to the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block and the second clamping block respectively through comb-shaped structures; the sample is clamped in the quick positioning mechanism, and the upper part and the lower part of the sample are respectively limited and fixed with the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block; the elastic output end of the elastic element abuts against the center of the outer side surface of the second clamping block to provide side pressure for the sample; the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block move up and down relatively at the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block and the second clamping block along with the length change of the sample. The invention can prevent the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses from being unstable in a compression experiment, solves the problem of friction force and improves the accuracy of the experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clamping device for an ultrahigh-strength steel compression experiment, in particular to a clamping device for preventing ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses from generating compression instability.
Background
The compression experiment of steel sheet is used for testing the formability when sheet metal reverse loading, and the clamping device who uses in the compression experiment at present is that the scientific research personnel developed to the shaping problems such as material resilience, inefficacy to the bauschinger effect of high strength steel at home and abroad, hardly satisfies the centre gripping to the ultrahigh strength steel, can't prevent the warpage phenomenon when the ultrahigh strength steel compresses.
The clamping devices used at present are mainly classified into three types:
one, above sea traffic university is the direct centre gripping type device of representative, and it provides stable lateral pressure through nitrogen spring, can prevent effectively that the sheet material from taking place the warpage in compression process, can satisfy the compression experiment of the higher high strength steel of intensity, nevertheless because this direct centre gripping type device does not consider clamping device to the frictional force of sheet material in compression process, influences the formability of sheet material to a certain extent, has reduced the accuracy of experimental result.
And secondly, the asymmetric clamping device represented by northwest industrial university utilizes a common spring to provide lateral pressure, so that the plate can freely move in the horizontal and vertical directions, the plate forming resistance is reduced, but the structure is complex, the common spring cannot provide stable lateral pressure, and in addition, the device does not solve the problem of friction.
The anti-warping clamping device represented by the institute of metal of Chinese academy of sciences adopts a comb-shaped block structure, and can theoretically enable the friction force of the upper part and the lower part of the plate material to be mutually offset in the compression process, so that the problem of the friction force is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the clamping device for preventing the ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses from generating compression instability, the clamping device can meet the requirement of ultrahigh-strength steel plate samples on lateral force in the compression process, prevent the phenomenon of compression instability, solve the problem of friction force and fully ensure the accuracy of sample forming in a compression experiment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses is characterized by comprising a quick positioning mechanism, a supporting plate and an elastic element;
the quick positioning mechanism comprises a comb-shaped block, a first clamping block and a second clamping block; the comb-shaped blocks consist of two upper comb-shaped blocks and two lower comb-shaped blocks; the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block are movably connected to the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block and the second clamping block respectively through comb-shaped structures; the sample is clamped in the quick positioning mechanism, and the upper part and the lower part of the sample are respectively fixed with the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block in a limiting way;
the first clamping block and the second clamping block are connected with the support plate through bolts; the elastic element is arranged on the supporting plate, and an elastic output end of the elastic element abuts against the center of the outer side surface of the second clamping block to provide lateral pressure for the sample; when the sample is compressed and extended by the lateral pressure, the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block move up and down relatively at the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block and the second clamping block along with the length change of the sample.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the sample, which are in contact with the comb-shaped block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are respectively sprayed with polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, the spraying thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene is 0.04-0.06 mm.
Further, the clamping device further comprises a sensor, the sensor detects the lateral pressure applied to the quick positioning mechanism in real time, and the corresponding friction force is obtained through a f ═ mu N calculation formula.
Furthermore, the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block are symmetrically provided with limiting holes, the same limiting holes are arranged at corresponding positions of the sample, and a limiting pin penetrates through the limiting holes to limit and fix the sample on the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the upper comb-shaped block, the top end of the lower comb-shaped block, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are respectively provided with a comb-shaped structure at the upper end and the lower end, the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block are arranged in a staggered manner with the comb-shaped structures of the first clamping block and the second clamping block, and the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block are respectively connected at the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block and the second clamping block in a meshed manner.
Furthermore, two guide post mounting holes which are horizontally symmetrical left and right are respectively arranged on the first clamping block, the second clamping block and the supporting plate, the two guide posts are mounted on the first clamping block, the second clamping block and the supporting plate through the guide post mounting holes, and the lateral pressure of the sample is guided in the horizontal direction.
Further, clamping device still includes the mounting panel, the backup pad passes through the mounting panel is fixed on experimental apparatus's platform.
Further, the clamping device further comprises a supporting block, and the supporting block is arranged at the bottom of the clamping device and supports the clamping device.
Furthermore, a cushion block with a thickness gradient is additionally arranged below the supporting block.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has simple and compact structure, convenient assembly and strong universality, can avoid the influence of friction force on experimental results in the compression process, and can realize the free regulation and control of the device back and forth and the up and down movement; not only can satisfy the tension and compression experiment of low requirement, but also can reach the tension and compression experiment requirement of high accuracy.
By using the comb-shaped block structure and the limiting hole, the test sample can be quickly and accurately installed; the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block realize full wrapping on the sample and are in limit connection, so that instability caused by the fact that two ends of a gauge length section cannot be clamped can be effectively prevented, the large compression deformation of a plate can be adapted, and the warping phenomenon of the sample in the compression process can be effectively prevented; when the upper comb-shaped block and the lower comb-shaped block slide up and down, the comb-shaped blocks move along with the sample, and the friction force is small; meanwhile, the surfaces of the samples, which are in contact with the device, are all sprayed with polytetrafluoroethylene, so that the friction force can be further reduced.
The invention can meet the requirements of compression experiment instability prevention of ultra-high strength steel such as DP980, QP980, DP1180 and the like and similar experiment requirements of subsequent steel plates with higher strength through elastic elements with different models. The stable lateral pressure is applied through the elastic element, on the basis of meeting the requirement of uniform movement in the thickness direction, the sample is subjected to more stable and reliable plane clamping force through the rapid positioning mechanism, the clamping gap can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the thickness of the thin plate, and the deformation and strain distribution of the sample is uniform; meanwhile, enough allowance is reserved in the horizontal direction by using the two clamping blocks in the quick positioning mechanism, so that the quick positioning mechanism can adapt to samples with different thicknesses through regulation and control.
The supporting height of the clamping device is adjusted through the cushion block, the clamping device can be installed on the supporting frames of different experimental machine tables through the installation plate, the clamping device does not need to be redesigned, and cost and experimental time are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a clamping device for preventing compression instability of ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the structure of the quick positioning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a sample in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support block according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-comb block, 1.1-upper comb block, 1.2-lower comb block, 1.3-limit hole, 2-first clamping block, 3-second clamping block, 4-fastening screw, 4.1-screw hole, 5-support plate, 6-guide pillar mounting hole, 7-mounting plate, 8-support block, 9-elastic element, 9.1-elastic element mounting hole and 10-sample.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
The terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear in the present specification are established based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings. The corresponding positional relationship may also vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection.
In the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicated between two components, or interacting between two components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
This embodiment has described a clamping device that prevents that different thickness ultra-high strength steel from taking place compression unstability, this clamping device is arranged in the compression experiment to the centre gripping of ultra-high strength steel sample, and its centre gripping sample is fixed on experimental apparatus's platform, and the experimental apparatus of being convenient for compresses the sample. The samples referred to in this example are sheet samples of ultra-high strength steel materials such as DP980, QP980, and DP 1180.
As shown in fig. 1, the clamping device comprises a quick positioning mechanism, a fastening screw 4, a support plate 5, a mounting plate 7 and an elastic element 9. Wherein, quick positioning mechanism centre gripping sample 10 installs in backup pad 5 one side at quick positioning mechanism outside elastic element 9, and quick positioning mechanism passes through fastening screw 4 and is connected with backup pad 5, supports elastic element 9's elasticity output end in quick positioning mechanism's lateral surface central point, provides lateral pressure compression sample 10 for quick positioning mechanism. The support plate 5 can be mounted on the experimental device by means of a mounting plate 7, which fixes the holding device on the platform of the experimental device.
As shown in fig. 2, the quick positioning mechanism includes a comb block 1, a first clamping block 2, and a second clamping block 3. The comb-shaped block 1 is composed of two upper comb-shaped blocks 1.1 and two lower comb-shaped blocks 1.2, and the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 are symmetrically arranged in parallel. The upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 are respectively movably connected with an upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and a lower comb-shaped block 1.2, and the sample 10 is clamped between the first clamping block 2, the second clamping block 3 and the comb-shaped block 1.
In this embodiment, the comb-shaped structures are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 bottom end, the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 top end and the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3, and the comb-shaped structures of the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 and the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the positions of pits at the upper end and the lower end of the boss at the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 bottom end and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 top end are corresponding to those at the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 respectively, and the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 are. Along with the change of sample 10 in length direction in the compression process, go up comb-shaped block 1.1 and comb-shaped block 1.2 down and move through the comb-shaped structure respectively, the relative position with first grip block 2 and second grip block 3 of automatic adjustment.
In addition, two bilaterally symmetrical limiting holes 1.3 are respectively arranged on the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2, and in order to ensure that the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 move up and down along with the length change of the sample 10 in a balanced manner, the limiting holes 1.3 on the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 are vertically symmetrical about the center of the second clamping block 3.
The sample 10 is also provided with 4 corresponding position limiting holes 1.3, as shown in fig. 3. The limiting pin penetrates through the limiting hole 1.3 to limit and fix the sample 10 in the middle of the comb-shaped block 1, so that the relative position of the sample 10 and the comb-shaped block 1 is fixed in the clamping process, the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 move up and down along with the length change of the sample 10 in the experiment process, the relative position of the sample 10 and the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the relative position of the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 are unchanged, and the influence of friction on the sample 10 can be reduced as much as possible. Further, for the influence of eliminating frictional force as far as possible in the compression process, at the surface that sample 10 and comb shape piece 1, first grip block 2, second grip block 3 contacted spraying 0.04 ~ 0.06mm thick polytetrafluoroethylene respectively, polytetrafluoroethylene can eliminate most frictional force, has improved the accuracy of experiment.
In addition, this embodiment still is equipped with sensor and data module, can survey the lateral pressure that quick positioning mechanism received through the sensor, then the data module can obtain the coefficient of friction between corresponding sample 10 and the quick positioning mechanism through f ═ mu N to calculate corresponding frictional force, can further eliminate the influence of remaining frictional force when every experiment, increase substantially the precision of experiment, guarantee the accuracy of experiment. The sensor can select different models according to experimental requirements and specific working conditions of the sample 10 and the quick positioning mechanism.
2 screw holes 4.1 are respectively and symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the center of the second clamping block 3 from top to bottom, corresponding 4 coaxial screw holes 4.1 are also respectively arranged on the first clamping block 2 and the supporting plate 5, the upper and the lower groups of fastening screws 4 respectively connect the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 with the supporting plate 5 through the screw holes 4.1, the quick positioning mechanism is tightly connected with the supporting plate 5, and the clamping force of the quick positioning mechanism in the horizontal direction is controlled through the stroke of the elastic element 9. The distance between the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3 can be adjusted according to different thicknesses of the test sample 10, so that the clamping requirements of the test samples 10 with different thicknesses in the compression experiment can be met.
In addition, two guide post mounting holes 6 which are horizontally symmetrical left and right are respectively arranged on the first clamping block 2, the second clamping block 3 and the supporting plate 5, and the two guide posts respectively penetrate through the guide post mounting holes 6 on the first clamping block 2, the second clamping block 3 and the supporting plate 5, so that the lateral pressure of the sample 10 is guided in the horizontal direction.
The supporting plate 5 is fixed on the experimental device through the mounting plate 7, and a supporting frame can be arranged on the side portion of the mounting plate 7 to adapt to different experimental machine tables, so that the clamping device can meet the experiment of different experimental machine tables. The mounting plate 7 can be fixedly connected with an experimental device by using bolts, and other connection forms can also be adopted. The supporting plate 5 and the mounting plate 7 are also provided with elastic element mounting holes 9.1 which are coaxially arranged, the elastic elements 9 are fixed on the supporting plate 5 through the elastic element mounting holes 9.1, the output ends of the elastic elements 9 are abutted against the center of the second clamping block 3, and the quick positioning mechanism is used for applying lateral pressure to the sample 10. The elastic element 9 used in this embodiment generates a side pressure greater than the minimum side pressure at which the sample 10 does not warp during compression, so as to provide a stable side pressure for the sample 10. The minimum lateral pressure of the specimen 10 can be obtained by existing finite element analysis methods. In this embodiment, the elastic element 9 may be a nitrogen spring, and different lateral pressures can be obtained through nitrogen springs of different specifications to adapt to compression experiments of samples of different materials and different thicknesses.
In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the clamping device in the experimental process, the clamping device is also provided with a supporting block 8, and the supporting block 8 is arranged at the bottom of the clamping device and supports the clamping device. As shown in fig. 4, the support block 8 has two small grooves on the left and right sides for matching with the fastening screws 4, and a large groove in the center for matching with the bottom of the elastic member 9. After the supporting block 8 is installed, the two fastening screws 4 at the lower part are clamped in the small grooves at the left side and the right side, and the elastic element 9 is arranged in the large groove at the center. The support block 8 can increase the stability of the clamping device during the experiment. In addition, when the samples 10 are different in length, the mounting position of the clamping device needs to be adjusted, and a cushion block with a thickness gradient is preferably additionally arranged below the supporting block 8 so as to correspond to the samples 10 with different thicknesses.
The general installation procedure of the clamping device in the compression experiment is as follows:
1. the minimum lateral pressure of the sample 10, which does not warp during the compression process, is calculated through finite element analysis, a proper elastic element 9 is selected, and the elastic element 9 is fixed through the supporting plate 5. A suitable elastic member 9 can obtain a stable planar holding force of the specimen 10, and maintain the uniform movement of the specimen 10 in the thickness direction.
2. And (3) spraying polytetrafluoroethylene on the inner surfaces of the comb-shaped block 1, the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 3, which are in contact with the sample 10, and the outer surface of the sample 10, and mounting a proper sensor.
3. Spacing sample 10 between comb shape piece 1 and first grip block 2 and second grip block 3, go up comb shape piece 1.1 and comb shape piece 1.2 down and utilize the meshing of comb shape structure spacing both ends about first grip block 2 and second grip block 3, comb shape piece 1 makes up with sample 10 with spacing pin to install two guide pillars respectively on backup pad 5 and first grip block 2, second grip block 3 through guide pillar mounting hole 6, spacing direction is carried out on the horizontal direction. The quick positioning mechanism and the support plate 5 are fastened through a fastening screw rod 4.
4. After the clamping device main body is assembled, the clamping device is arranged on the supporting block 8, and a matched cushion block is selected according to the thickness of the sample 10.
5. The supporting plate 5 fixes the clamping device on the platform of the experimental device through a mounting plate 7.
After a compression experiment is started, the length of the sample 10 is changed in the compression process, the upper comb-shaped block 1.1 and the lower comb-shaped block 1.2 are movably connected through the comb-shaped structure, the relative position is changed along with the change of the length of the sample 10, the meshing gap is automatically adjusted along with the change of the length of the sample 10, the sample 10 is completely wrapped in the whole experiment process, and the instability of the upper end and the lower end of the sample 10 due to the fact that the sample cannot be clamped is effectively prevented.
While the principles of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of exemplary implementations of the invention and are not limiting of the scope of the invention. The details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, and any obvious changes, such as equivalent alterations, simple substitutions and the like, based on the technical solution of the invention, can be interpreted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A clamping device for preventing compression instability of ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses is characterized by comprising a quick positioning mechanism, a supporting plate (5) and an elastic element (9);
the quick positioning mechanism comprises a comb-shaped block (1), a first clamping block (2) and a second clamping block (3); the comb-shaped block (1) consists of two upper comb-shaped blocks (1.1) and two lower comb-shaped blocks (1.2); the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) are movably connected to the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) through comb-shaped structures respectively; a sample (10) is clamped in the quick positioning mechanism, and the upper part and the lower part of the sample (10) are respectively limited and fixed with the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2);
the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) are connected with the supporting plate (5) through bolts; the elastic element (9) is arranged on the supporting plate (5), and an elastic output end of the elastic element (9) abuts against the center of the outer side face of the second clamping block (3) to provide lateral pressure for the sample (10); when the test sample (10) is compressed and extended by lateral pressure, the upper comb block (1.1) and the lower comb block (1.2) move up and down relatively at the upper end and the lower end of the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) along with the length change of the test sample (10).
2. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfaces of the test sample (10) in contact with the comb-shaped block (1), the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) are respectively sprayed with polytetrafluoroethylene.
3. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spraying thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene is 0.04-0.06 mm.
4. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a sensor, wherein the sensor detects the lateral pressure applied to the quick positioning mechanism in real time, and the corresponding friction force is obtained through a f ═ μ N calculation formula.
5. The clamping device for preventing the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses from being compressed and unstable according to claim 1, wherein the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) are symmetrically provided with limiting holes (1.3), the same limiting holes (1.3) are provided at corresponding positions of the sample (10), and a limiting pin penetrates through the limiting holes (1.3) to limit and fix the sample (10) on the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) in an upper and lower way.
6. The clamping device for preventing the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses from being compressed and unstable according to claim 1, wherein comb-shaped structures are respectively arranged at the bottom end of the upper comb-shaped block (1.1), the top end of the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) and the upper and lower ends of the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3), the comb-shaped structures of the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) and the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the upper comb-shaped block (1.1) and the lower comb-shaped block (1.2) are respectively engaged and connected at the upper and lower ends of the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (3).
7. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses according to claim 1, wherein two guide post mounting holes (6) which are horizontally symmetrical left and right are respectively formed in the first clamping block (2), the second clamping block (3) and the support plate (5), the two guide posts are mounted on the first clamping block (2), the second clamping block (3) and the support plate (5) through the guide post mounting holes (6), and the lateral pressure of the test sample (10) is guided in the horizontal direction.
8. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a mounting plate (7), wherein the supporting plate (5) is fixed on the platform of the experimental device through the mounting plate (7).
9. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultra-high strength steels with different thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a supporting block (8), wherein the supporting block (8) is arranged at the bottom of the clamping device to support the clamping device.
10. The clamping device for preventing the compression instability of the ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that a cushion block with a thickness gradient is additionally arranged below the supporting block (8).
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| CN202010503699.9A CN111965011A (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | Clamping device for preventing compression instability of ultrahigh-strength steels with different thicknesses |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113945460A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-18 | 上海交通大学 | Anti-instability device and method for high-strength plate compression experiment |
| CN113945460B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-08-09 | 上海交通大学 | Anti-instability device and method for high-strength plate compression experiment |
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