CN111964941B - Three-dimensional sediment trap and working method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional sediment trap and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111964941B CN111964941B CN202010856214.4A CN202010856214A CN111964941B CN 111964941 B CN111964941 B CN 111964941B CN 202010856214 A CN202010856214 A CN 202010856214A CN 111964941 B CN111964941 B CN 111964941B
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel three-dimensional sediment trap which comprises a sediment trapping system, a measuring and controlling system and a supporting system, wherein the sediment trapping system comprises a vertical trapping cylinder, a first lateral trapping cylinder, a second lateral trapping cylinder, a sample tube, a transmission gear, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear and a third rotating gear, and the measuring and controlling system comprises an acoustic point type flow velocity meter, a stepping motor, a control unit, a multi-channel turbidimeter, an upper guide rail, a motor, a ball, a transmission rod and a lower guide rail. Through the technical scheme of the invention, the limitation of acquiring sediments in a single direction of the traditional sediment trap is solved, and the acquisition of three-dimensional sediments near a submarine boundary layer can be realized. The flow direction of the maximum flow velocity of the ocean current is measured by the acoustic current meter, and the control unit controls the motor to rotate the lateral capturing cylinder to an angle which is opposite to the flow direction of the maximum flow velocity, so that the flux of the sediment carried by the ocean current with the maximum flow velocity on the seabed is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of submarine observation and the technical field of marine engineering geology, in particular to a three-dimensional sediment trap and a working method thereof.
Background
The marine particulate matter plays an important role in marine environment, not only provides food for marine organisms, participates in material energy circulation, is a main carrier for carbon vertical transfer, but also records related information of a plurality of marine physical, chemical and biological processes, and the like, so that the marine particulate matter has important significance for the research on the aspects of particulate matter flux research, marine sedimentology research, global change research, marine environment detection and the like, the explanation of the material circulation process of main biogenic factors in a water column, the change of paleoclimate, the feedback effect of a sea air interface on the atmosphere and the like. Since Wyville1872 discovered that there are many organisms in the deep sea, the scientific community has been questioning the source of these biological foods. As early as 1888, Agassiz proposed that "deep sea organisms survived by obtaining nutrients from organic debris settled in overlying water". The research in the ocean aspect in the 20 th century finds that tiny particles hardly reach the bottom of deep sea due to the effects of buoyancy, ocean current and the like. For technical reasons, the flux of marine particulates has not been studied much during this period. With the first research on the chemical and biological characteristics and vertical flux of particles in an equatorial 400m water layer by using a sediment trap in Bishop et al (1997), the deep-sea sediment trap is continuously developed towards automation; the earliest automated sediment traps appeared in 1982, which made time series sampling possible due to the automated possibility of inverting the position of the sample cup under water. Currently, the well-known deep sea sediment traps in foreign countries include PARFLUX Mark 78 series and Mark8 series produced by McAle reader Laboratories Inc., multichannel sediment trap produced by HYDRO-BIOS of Germany, PPS series sediment trap produced by TECHNICAP of France, and the like; the research and development of the sediment Trap in China are relatively few, and the 3-D Trap researched and developed by Guo Lei and the like and the cage-type sediment Trap researched and developed by Wangwei and the like exist. According to the research and development characteristics of the sediment traps at home and abroad, the sediment traps are limited to collect sediment with time series in a single direction. Therefore, the invention combines the characteristics of the existing sediment catcher, the arranged vertical catching cylinder can realize the catching of sediment in the vertical direction, and simultaneously, the flow direction of the maximum flow velocity of the ocean current of the bottom boundary layer of the seabed measured by the acoustic point type current meter and the two mutually vertical lateral catching cylinders can realize the catching of the sediment in the directions of the maximum flow velocity and the minimum flow velocity of the ocean current of the seabed, thereby three-dimensionally acquiring the sediment flux near the boundary layer of the seabed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional sediment trap and a working method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional sediment trap comprises a sediment trapping system, a measuring and controlling system and a supporting system, wherein the supporting system comprises an upper supporting plate, a supporting rod, a buckle and a lower supporting plate; the upper supporting plate is positioned above the whole device, 4 corners of the lower surface of the upper supporting plate are connected with 4 supporting rods on the lower part of the upper supporting plate, the top ends of the supporting rods are welded with the 4 corners of the upper supporting plate, and the supporting rods penetrate through the 4 corners of the lower supporting plate;
the sediment capturing system comprises a vertical capturing cylinder, a first lateral capturing cylinder, a second lateral capturing cylinder, a sample tube, a transmission gear, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear and a third rotating gear, wherein the upper part of the vertical capturing cylinder is a cylindrical part and is fixed above the center of an upper supporting plate, the lower cylinder body of the vertical capturing cylinder is conical and penetrates through the centers of the upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate, and the cylinder bottom of the vertical capturing cylinder is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting plate and is connected with the first rotating gear; the first lateral capturing cylinder is fixed on the front side of the lower supporting plate in the horizontal direction, and the cylinder bottom of the first lateral capturing cylinder penetrates through the lower supporting plate to be connected with the second rotating gear; the second lateral capturing cylinder is fixed on the right side of the lower supporting plate, and the cylinder bottom of the second lateral capturing cylinder penetrates through the lower supporting plate and is connected with the third rotating gear; the transmission gear is fixed on the left rear side of the lower surface of the lower supporting plate, the first rotating gear, the second rotating gear and the third rotating gear are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting plate, the circle center connecting lines of three circular gears of the first rotating gear, the second rotating gear and the third rotating gear form a regular triangle, the transmission gear is wedged with the first rotating gear, the first rotating gear is wedged with the second rotating gear and the third rotating gear respectively, the second rotating gear is not in contact with the third rotating gear, the sample tubes are fixed on the lower surface of each rotating gear, 5 sample tubes with the same specification are fixed on the lower surface of each rotating gear of the first rotating gear, the second rotating gear and the third rotating gear, and the sample tubes are in concentric circle relation with the vertical capturing cylinder and the lateral capturing cylinder through the rotation of the rotating gears;
the measuring and controlling system consists of an acoustic point type current meter, a stepping motor, a control unit, a multi-channel turbidimeter, an upper guide rail, a motor, a ball, a transmission rod and a lower guide rail; acoustic point type current meter is fixed in right front upper end of the support bar through the buckle, be located backup pad and bottom suspension fagging and be close to the position of upper support plate, acoustic point type current meter passes through the communication cable and is connected with the control unit, step motor is located the bottom suspension fagging upper surface, and be fixed in directly over the drive gear, the control unit is fixed in the bottom suspension fagging upper surface, the multichannel turbidimeter is fixed in the bottom suspension fagging upper surface, it is fixed in the bottom of 4 bracing pieces to go up the guide rail, the bottom suspension fagging lower surface is connected in 4 supporting legss of its below respectively, the ball is located between upper guideway and the bottom suspension fagging, the.
Preferably, the upper support plate and the lower support plate are square in shape.
As the preferred scheme, the upper guide rail is connected with the supporting rod in a welding mode.
As the preferred scheme, the lower guide rail is connected with the supporting legs in a welding mode.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the supporting leg is fixedly provided with a buffer gasket.
A working method of a three-dimensional sediment trap comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the observation device is arranged in the sea and the inner surfaces of the vertical catching cylinder, the first lateral catching cylinder, the second lateral catching cylinder and the sample tube are coated with anti-biological adhesion and dissolution materials;
s2: the sediment catcher is placed into the seabed by using a ship-borne winch, the device can cause the sediment on the surface of a local seabed to be resuspended, and if the sediment catching work is carried out at the moment, a large error is generated, so that no corresponding sample tube exists on the corresponding rotating gear at the bottom of the vertical catching cylinder, the first lateral catching cylinder and the second lateral catching cylinder before the device is placed into the seabed;
s3: after the device sits on the bottom, the acoustic point-type flow velocity meter starts to measure the flow velocity at the corresponding position, the flow velocity data is transmitted to the control unit through the data cable, the multichannel turbidimeter records the change of the seabed turbidity and stores the change in the SD card in the multichannel turbidimeter, and meanwhile, the control unit records the orientation of the first lateral capturing cylinder;
s4: observing for 15 days on the seabed by using an acoustic point type current meter, wherein the acquisition frequency is 1HZ, the acquisition mode is interval acquisition, the control unit processes the acquired data to calculate the maximum flow speed and the flow direction within 15 days, then the flow direction difference angle between the initial orientation of the first lateral capturing cylinder and the maximum flow speed within 15 is obtained, then the data is transmitted to the motor through a cable, and the rotation upper device of the motor is controlled to enable the opening of the first lateral capturing cylinder to face the flow direction opposite to the maximum flow speed;
s5: after the direction of the opening of the first lateral capturing cylinder is adjusted, each collecting instrument continuously works for one day, when the phenomenon of resuspension of sediments attached to the capturing device caused by the rotating device disappears, the control unit sends out an instruction, the stepping motor starts to work to drive the transmission gear to rotate, so that 3 rotating gears are driven, and after the 3 rotating gears rotate for 60 degrees, the respective first sample tube and the opening at the bottom of each capturing cylinder are in a concentric circle relationship;
s6: and after the sediment samples are collected by all the sample columns for one month, the transmission gear is rotated again, 3 rotating gears return to the original position, and the sediment samples are not captured by the device and are ready to be salvaged and recycled.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the device solves the limitation of acquiring the sediment in a single direction of the traditional sediment trap, and can realize the acquisition of the three-dimensional sediment near the boundary layer of the seabed. (2) The flow direction of the maximum flow velocity of the ocean current is measured by the acoustic current meter, data are transmitted to the control unit, and the control unit controls the motor to rotate the lateral capturing cylinder to an angle which is opposite to the flow direction of the maximum flow velocity, so that the flux of the sediment carried by the ocean current with the maximum flow velocity on the seabed is obtained. (3) The multi-channel turbidimeter carried by the device can measure the change of the seabed turbidity, and the turbidity data can be used for correcting the obtained sediment amount, so that the sediment three-dimensional flux of an observation point is calculated.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide rail structure;
figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention,
wherein, the corresponding relationship between the reference numbers and the components in fig. 1 to fig. 4 is:
101 vertical capturing cylinder, 102: first lateral capture cartridge, 103: second lateral capture cartridge, 104: sample tube, 105: transmission gear, 106: first rotating gear, 107: second rotating gear, 108: third rotating gear, 201: acoustic spot type flow meter, 202: battery compartment, 203: control unit, 204: multichannel turbidimeter, 205: upper guide, 206: motor, 207: balls, 208: drive link, 209: lower rail, 301: upper supporting plate, 302: support bar, 303: buckle, 304: lower support plate, 305: support the feet.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The following describes a three-dimensional sediment trap and a method for operating the same according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a three-dimensional sediment trap, which comprises a sediment trapping system, a measuring and controlling system, and a supporting system, wherein the supporting system comprises an upper supporting plate 301, a supporting rod 302, a buckle 303, and a lower supporting plate 304; the upper supporting plate 301 is positioned above the whole device, 4 corners of the lower surface of the upper supporting plate are connected with 4 supporting rods 302 at the lower part of the upper supporting plate, the top ends of the supporting rods 302 are welded with 4 corners of the upper supporting plate 301, the supporting rods 302 penetrate through 4 corners of the lower supporting plate 304, and the upper supporting plate 301 and the lower supporting plate 304 are square in shape.
The sediment capturing system comprises a vertical capturing cylinder 101, a first lateral capturing cylinder 102, a second lateral capturing cylinder 103, a sample tube 104, a transmission gear 105, a first rotating gear 106, a second rotating gear 107 and a third rotating gear 108, wherein the upper part of the vertical capturing cylinder 101 is a cylindrical part and is fixed above the center of an upper supporting plate 301, the lower part of the vertical capturing cylinder 101 is conical and penetrates through the centers of the upper supporting plate 301 and a lower supporting plate 304, the bottom of the vertical capturing cylinder 101 is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting plate 304 and is connected with the first rotating gear 106, and the vertical capturing cylinder 101 is used for capturing marine sediments vertically settling in the sea. The first lateral capturing cylinder 102 is fixed on the front side of the lower supporting plate 304 in the horizontal direction, the bottom of the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 penetrates through the lower supporting plate 304 and is connected with the second rotating gear 107, and the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 is used for capturing particle sediments carried by the ocean current in the horizontal direction. The second lateral capturing cylinder 103 is fixed on the right side of the lower supporting plate 304, and the bottom of the second lateral capturing cylinder 103 penetrates through the lower supporting plate 304 and is connected with the third rotating gear 108; the bottoms of the 3 sediment trapping cylinders of the vertical trapping cylinder 101, the first lateral trapping cylinder 102 and the second lateral trapping cylinder 103 have certain distances from the upper surfaces of the corresponding rotary gears, so that the sample tubes can be conveniently replaced through the rotation of the rotary gears. The transmission gear 105 is fixed on the left rear side of the lower surface of the lower support plate 304, the first rotating gear 106, the second rotating gear 107 and the third rotating gear 108 are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the lower support plate 304, and the first rotating gear 106, the second rotating gear 107 and the third rotating gear 108 are used for driving the sample tubes to rotate, so that the time-series sediment samples can be collected. The connecting lines of the circle centers of the three circular gears of the first rotating gear 106, the second rotating gear 107 and the third rotating gear 108 form a regular triangle, the transmission gear 105 is wedged with the first rotating gear 106, the first rotating gear 106 is wedged with the second rotating gear 107 and the third rotating gear 108 respectively, the second rotating gear 107 is not in contact with the third rotating gear 108, the sample tube 104 is fixed on the lower surface of each rotating gear, and when the transmission gear 105 rotates clockwise, the first rotating gear 106 rotates anticlockwise, and the second rotating gear 107 and the third rotating gear 108 rotate clockwise. The lower surface of each of the first rotary gear 106, the second rotary gear 107 and the third rotary gear 108 is fixed with 5 sample tubes 104 with the same specification, and the sample tubes 104 are in concentric relation with the vertical catching cylinder and the lateral catching cylinder through the rotation of the rotary gears.
The measurement and control system consists of an acoustic point type flow velocity meter 201, a stepping motor 202, a control unit 203, a multi-channel turbidimeter 204, an upper guide rail 205, a motor 206, a ball 207, a transmission rod 208 and a lower guide rail 209; the acoustic point type flow velocity meter 201 is fixed at the upper end of a right front support rod 302 through a buckle 303 and is positioned at the position where an upper support plate 301 and a lower support plate 304 are close to the upper support plate 301, the acoustic point type flow velocity meter 201 is connected with a control unit 203 through a communication cable, a stepping motor 202 is positioned on the upper surface of the lower support plate 304 and is fixed right above a transmission gear 105, the control unit 203 is fixed on the upper surface of the lower support plate 304, and the control unit 203 is used for controlling and converting the sample tube 104 and changing the direction of the sediment captured by the lateral capture cylinder. The multi-channel turbidimeter 204 is secured to the upper surface of the lower support plate 304, and the multi-channel turbidimeter 204 is used to determine changes in seafloor turbidity. The upper guide rail 205 is fixed at the bottom end of the 4 support rods 302 and is used for connecting the upper part and the lower part of the whole device, and the upper guide rail 205 is connected with the support rods 302 in a welding mode. The lower surface of the lower guide rail 209 is connected with 4 supporting legs 305 below the lower surface respectively, and is used for supporting the weight on the upper part of the device and playing the role of the guide rail when the upper part of the device rotates, the lower guide rail 209 is connected with the supporting legs 305 in a welding mode, and the bottom ends of the supporting legs 305 are fixedly provided with buffer gaskets. Balls 207 are located between the upper track 205 and the lower track 209 for supporting the upper assembly and reducing friction during rotation. The motor 206 is fixed to the lower surface of the lower rail 209, and the motor 206 connects the upper rail 205 and the lower rail 209 via a transmission rod. The inventive device is integrally divided into an upper device and a base, wherein the upper device is integrally rotatable by means of a motor 206, and the base is kept stationary.
A working method of a three-dimensional sediment trap comprises the following specific steps:
s1: the observing device is arranged in the sea, and the inner surfaces of the vertical catching cylinder 101, the first lateral catching cylinder 102, the second lateral catching cylinder 103 and the sample tube 104 are coated with anti-biological adhesion and dissolving materials;
s2: the sediment capturer is placed into the seabed by using a ship-borne winch, the device can cause the sediment on the surface of a local seabed to be resuspended, and if the sediment capturing work is carried out at the moment, a large error is generated, so that no corresponding sample tube 104 is arranged on a corresponding rotating gear at the bottom of the vertical capturing cylinder 101, the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 and the second lateral capturing cylinder 103 before the device is placed into the seabed;
s3: after the device sits on the ground, the acoustic point-type flow meter 201 starts to measure the flow rate at the corresponding position, the flow rate data is transmitted to the control unit 203 through a data cable, the multichannel turbidimeter 204 records the change of the sea bottom turbidity and stores the change in the sea bottom turbidity in the SD card in the multichannel turbidimeter, and meanwhile, the control unit 203 records the orientation of the first lateral capturing cylinder 102;
s4: observing the seabed for 15 days by using an acoustic point type current meter 201, wherein the collection frequency is 1HZ, the collection mode is interval collection and 10s are collected every 1 hour, the control unit 203 processes the collected data to calculate the maximum current speed and the current direction within 15 days, then the current direction difference angle between the initial direction of the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 and the maximum current speed within 15 days is obtained, then the data is transmitted to the motor 206 through a cable, and the motor is controlled to rotate the upper device to enable the opening of the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 to face the direction opposite to the current direction of the maximum current speed;
s5: after the opening direction of the first lateral capturing cylinder 102 is adjusted, each collecting instrument continuously works for one day, when the phenomenon of resuspension of sediments attached to the capturing device caused by the rotating device disappears, the control unit 203 sends out an instruction, the stepping motor 202 starts to work to drive the transmission gear to rotate, so that 3 rotating gears are driven, and after the 3 rotating gears rotate for 60 degrees, the respective first sample tubes 204 and the openings at the bottom of each capturing cylinder are in a concentric circle relationship;
s6: and after the sediment samples are collected for one month continuously, the rotating gears are converted again, the sample tubes 104 are replaced, after all the sample columns collect the sediment samples for one month, the transmission gears 105 are rotated again, 3 rotating gears return to the original positions, and the sediment samples are not captured by the device and are prepared to be salvaged and recovered.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-dimensional sediment trap comprises a sediment trapping system, a measuring and controlling system and a supporting system, and is characterized in that the supporting system comprises an upper supporting plate (301), a supporting rod (302), a buckle (303) and a lower supporting plate (304); the upper supporting plate (301) is positioned above the whole device, 4 corners of the lower surface of the upper supporting plate are connected with 4 supporting rods (302) at the lower part of the upper supporting plate, the top ends of the supporting rods (302) are welded with 4 corners of the upper supporting plate (301), and the supporting rods (302) penetrate through 4 corners of the lower supporting plate (304);
the sediment capturing system comprises a vertical capturing cylinder (101), a first lateral capturing cylinder (102), a second lateral capturing cylinder (103), a sample tube (104), a transmission gear (105), a first rotating gear (106), a second rotating gear (107) and a third rotating gear (108), wherein the upper part of the vertical capturing cylinder (101) is a cylindrical part and is fixed above the center of an upper supporting plate (301), the lower part of the vertical capturing cylinder (101) is conical and passes through the centers of the upper supporting plate (301) and a lower supporting plate (304), and the bottom of the vertical capturing cylinder (101) is fixed on the lower surface of the lower supporting plate (304) and is connected with the first rotating gear (106); the first lateral capturing cylinder (102) is fixed at the front side of the lower support plate (304) in the horizontal direction, and the cylinder bottom of the first lateral capturing cylinder (102) penetrates through the lower support plate (304) to be connected with the second rotating gear (107); the second lateral capturing cylinder (103) is fixed on the right side of the lower supporting plate (304), and the cylinder bottom of the second lateral capturing cylinder (103) penetrates through the lower supporting plate (304) to be connected with the third rotating gear (108); the transmission gear (105) is fixed on the left rear side of the lower surface of the lower support plate (304), the first rotating gear (106), the second rotating gear (107) and the third rotating gear (108) are respectively fixed on the lower surface of the lower support plate (304), the connecting lines of the circle centers of the three circular gears of the first rotating gear (106), the second rotating gear (107) and the third rotating gear (108) form a regular triangle, the transmission gear (105) is wedged with the first rotating gear (106), the second rotating gear (107) and the third rotating gear (108) are respectively wedged, the second rotating gear (107) and the third rotating gear (108) are not in contact, the sample tubes (104) are fixed on the lower surface of each rotating gear, the lower surfaces of the first rotating gear (106), the second rotating gear (107) and the third rotating gear (108) are respectively fixed with 5 sample tubes (104) with the same specification, the sample tube (104) is in concentric circle relation with the vertical catching cylinder and the lateral catching cylinder through the rotation of the rotary gear;
the measurement and control system comprises an acoustic point type flow velocity meter (201), a stepping motor (202), a control unit (203), a multi-channel turbidimeter (204), an upper guide rail (205), a motor (206), a ball (207), a transmission rod (208) and a lower guide rail (209); the acoustic point type flow velocity meter (201) is fixed at the upper end of a right front support rod (302) through a buckle (303), is positioned at the position where an upper support plate (301) and a lower support plate (304) are close to the upper support plate (301), the acoustic point type flow velocity meter (201) is connected with a control unit (203) through a communication cable, a stepping motor (202) is positioned on the upper surface of the lower support plate (304) and is fixed right above a transmission gear (105), the control unit (203) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower support plate (304), a multi-channel turbidimeter (204) is fixed on the upper surface of the lower support plate (304), an upper guide rail (205) is fixed at the bottom ends of 4 support rods (302), the lower surface of a lower guide rail (209) is respectively connected with 4 support legs (305) below the lower guide rail (209), a ball (207) is positioned between the upper guide rail (205) and the lower guide, the motor (206) connects the upper rail (205) with the lower rail (209) through a transmission rod.
2. A vertical sediment trap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the upper support plate (301) and lower support plate (304) are square in shape.
3. A vertical sediment trap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the upper rail (205) is connected to the support bar (302) by welding.
4. A vertical sediment trap as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lower rail (209) is connected to the support foot (305) by welding.
5. A vertical sediment trap as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the bottom end of the supporting foot (305) is fixedly provided with a buffer washer.
6. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
s1: the observation device is arranged in the sea and the inner surfaces of the vertical catching cylinder (101), the first lateral catching cylinder (102), the second lateral catching cylinder (103) and the sample tube (104) are coated with anti-biological adhesion and dissolving materials;
s2: the sediment capturer is placed into the seabed by using a ship-borne winch, the device can cause the sediment on the local seabed surface to be re-suspended, and if the sediment capturing work is carried out at the moment, a large error is generated, so that no corresponding sample tube (104) is arranged on a corresponding rotating gear at the bottom of the vertical capturing cylinder (101), the first lateral capturing cylinder (102) and the second lateral capturing cylinder (103) before the device is placed into the seabed;
s3: after the device is seated, the acoustic point type flow velocity meter (201) starts to measure the flow velocity at the corresponding position, the flow velocity data is transmitted to the control unit (203) through a data cable, the multichannel turbidimeter (204) records the change of the seabed turbidity and stores the change in the SD card in the multichannel turbidimeter, and meanwhile, the control unit (203) records the orientation of the first lateral capture cylinder (102);
s4: observing the seabed for 15 days by using an acoustic point type current meter (201), wherein the acquisition frequency is 1HZ, the acquisition mode is interval acquisition, 10s are acquired every 1 hour, a control unit (203) processes the acquired data to calculate the maximum current and the current direction within 15 days, then the current direction difference angle between the initial orientation of a first lateral capturing cylinder (102) and the maximum current in 15 is obtained, then the data is transmitted to a motor (206) through a cable, and the upper device is controlled to rotate to enable the opening of the first lateral capturing cylinder (102) to face the current direction opposite to the maximum current;
s5: after the opening direction of the first lateral capturing cylinder (102) is adjusted, each collecting instrument continuously works for one day, when the phenomenon of sediment resuspension attached to the capturing device caused by the rotating device disappears, the control unit (203) sends out an instruction, the stepping motor (202) starts to work to drive the transmission gear to rotate, so that 3 rotating gears are driven, and after the 3 rotating gears rotate for 60 degrees, respective first sample tubes (204) are in a concentric circle relation with the openings at the bottom of each capturing cylinder;
s6: and after one month of continuous collection, the rotating gear is switched again, the sample tube (104) is replaced, after all sample columns collect sediment samples for one month, the transmission gear (105) is rotated again, 3 rotating gears return to the original position, and the device no longer captures the sediment samples and is ready to be salvaged and recycled.
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| CN112945608B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2022-09-06 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Sediment capturing device for marine environment monitoring and capturing method thereof |
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