CN111964042B - Energy-saving smoke exhaust system of gas boiler - Google Patents
Energy-saving smoke exhaust system of gas boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111964042B CN111964042B CN202010815884.1A CN202010815884A CN111964042B CN 111964042 B CN111964042 B CN 111964042B CN 202010815884 A CN202010815884 A CN 202010815884A CN 111964042 B CN111964042 B CN 111964042B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
- F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler, which comprises a plurality of boilers and low-nitrogen burners which are in one-to-one correspondence; the low-nitrogen system comprises a low-nitrogen system consisting of a plurality of low-nitrogen devices, wherein a first partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent low-nitrogen devices; each low-nitrogen device is divided into a smoke chamber and an air chamber through a second partition plate, and the smoke chamber is communicated with the air chamber; the flue gas outlets of the boilers are respectively connected with the flue gas inlets of the smoke chambers of the low-nitrogen devices through the flues; the air outlets of the air chambers are respectively connected with inlets of the low-nitrogen burners through air channels. The boiler of the invention adopts the low-nitrogen burner to reduce the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler, simultaneously, the low-nitrogen flue gas passes through the low-nitrogen device to further reduce the nitrogen content in the flue gas, and simultaneously, the low-nitrogen device reduces the flue gas temperature and raises the temperature of air entering the boiler, thereby saving energy and not influencing production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of boiler energy conservation, and particularly relates to a smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler.
Background
As the coal-fired boiler adopts pulverized coal as fuel, dust, sulfide and the like in the flue gas are more, and most of the existing boiler flue gas modification mainly aims at the coal-fired boiler. Because the gas is purer, and the gas composition is different with the buggy, and the flue gas principal ingredients that the burning produced are very different, and to gas boiler's flue gas transformation, often adopt low-nitrogen combustor, and nitrogen oxide in the flue gas that produces reduces to certain extent can discharge in the external environment.
The existing gas-fired boiler mainly uses natural gas as fuel, the main component of the natural gas is methane, the main component content of the combusted smoke gas is water vapor and carbon dioxide, and meanwhile, nitrogen oxides are generated with nitrogen in the air at high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler, which aims to solve the problems that the low-nitrogen combustor in the prior art can not effectively reduce nitrogen oxides discharged into the environment and has unsatisfactory energy-saving effect.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an energy-saving smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler comprises M boilers and M low-nitrogen burners, wherein M is a natural number, and the boilers are matched with the low-nitrogen burners in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the low-nitrogen system comprises a shell, wherein the shell is divided into N low-nitrogen devices by a first partition plate, wherein N is a natural number more than or equal to 2;
each low-nitrogen device is divided into a smoke chamber and an air chamber through a second partition plate, and the smoke chamber is communicated with the air chamber;
the smoke outlets of the M boilers are respectively connected with the smoke inlets of the smoke chambers of the N low-nitrogen devices through smoke channels; the air outlets of the N air chambers are respectively connected with inlets of the M low-nitrogen burners through air channels;
butterfly valves are arranged on the flue and the air duct;
each smoke chamber is connected with a chimney through a flue.
Preferably, the low-nitrogen device comprises a smoke chamber spraying device, an air chamber spraying device, a smoke chamber water distributor, an air chamber water distributor, a low-pressure smoke box, an injection device, a smoke chamber water collecting tank, an air chamber water collecting tank, a blower, a smoke chamber circulating water pump, an air chamber circulating water pump and a water replenishing pipe;
the smoke chamber spraying device is arranged above the smoke chamber, and the air chamber spraying device is arranged above the air chamber;
the smoke chamber water distributor is arranged below the smoke chamber spraying device, and the air chamber water distributor is arranged below the air chamber spraying device; the smoke inlet of the smoke chamber is arranged on the shell below the smoke chamber water distributor, and the air outlet of the air chamber is arranged on the shell between the air chamber spraying device and the air chamber water distributor;
the low-pressure smoke box is arranged below the smoke chamber water distributor of the smoke chamber, a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet are arranged on the low-pressure smoke box, the low-pressure smoke box is communicated with the injection device through a smoke pipe passing through the second partition plate, and the injection device is arranged below the air chamber water distributor in the air chamber;
the smoke chamber water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the smoke chamber, the air chamber water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber, the smoke chamber water collecting tank is connected with a water inlet of a smoke chamber circulating water pump through a water pipe, a water outlet of the smoke chamber circulating water pump is connected with a water inlet of an air chamber spraying device through a water pipe, the air chamber water collecting tank is connected with a water inlet of the air chamber circulating water pump through a water pipe, and a water outlet of the air chamber circulating water pump is connected with a water inlet of the smoke chamber spraying device through a water pipe; the water replenishing pipe is connected with the air chamber water containing tank;
the air outlet of the blower is communicated with the air chamber, and the air inlet of the blower is communicated with the outside.
Preferably, the first partition plate and the second partition plate are perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, an economizer is arranged on a flue close to the flue gas outlet of each boiler.
Preferably, liquid level sensors are arranged in the water containing tank of the smoke chamber and the water collecting tank of the air chamber.
Preferably, the low-nitrogen combustion engine at least comprises H flame spray heads, wherein H is a natural number greater than 2, the H flame spray heads are uniformly arranged at the end part of the low-nitrogen combustion engine, and the flame spray heads are not arranged at the middle of the end part of the low-nitrogen combustion engine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the boiler provided by the invention adopts the low-nitrogen combustor to reduce the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler, simultaneously, the low-nitrogen flue gas passes through the low-nitrogen device to further reduce the nitrogen content in the flue gas, and simultaneously, the low-nitrogen device reduces the flue gas temperature and raises the temperature of air entering the boiler, thereby saving energy. And through injection device and the low pressure smoke box in the low nitrogen ware, mix the ultralow nitrogen flue gas for the boiler and supply in the air of new trend, reduce the nitrogen content in the new trend to reentrant boiler low nitrogen combustor burning, the low nitrogen combustor makes the flue gas nitrogen oxide that the boiler produced reduce through the method that reduces flame central temperature again, so reciprocating cycle makes nitrogen oxide content and temperature in the boiler smoke discharging reduce through multiple method, not only environmental protection but also energy saving. Meanwhile, according to the load of steam for production, a plurality of matching methods and a plurality of matching modes of different boilers and different low-nitrogen devices are formed, the method can effectively avoid the possibility that the faults of a certain boiler and the faults, maintenance, inspection and the like of the low-nitrogen devices affect the production, reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in flue gas to the maximum extent, reduce the temperature of the flue gas of the boiler, improve the fresh air temperature of the boiler, save energy, protect environment and do not affect the production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a fume exhaust system of a gas boiler according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process diagram of the low nitrogen device structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flame spray arrangement for a low nitrogen burner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
The application provides an energy-saving smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler, which comprises M boilers and M low-nitrogen burners, wherein M is a natural number, and the boilers are matched with the low-nitrogen burners in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the low-nitrogen system comprises a shell, and the shell is divided into N low-nitrogen devices by a first partition plate, wherein N is a natural number more than or equal to 2; each low-nitrogen device is divided into a smoke chamber and an air chamber through a second partition plate, and the smoke chamber is communicated with the air chamber; the smoke outlets of the M boilers are respectively connected with the smoke inlets of the smoke chambers of the N low-nitrogen devices through smoke channels; the air outlets of the N air chambers are respectively connected with inlets of the M low-nitrogen burners through air channels; butterfly valves are arranged on the flue and the air duct; each smoke chamber is connected with a chimney through a flue.
In order to describe the technical solution of the present application in detail, in the present embodiment, 3 boilers are taken as an example for description, and of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the number of boilers is determined according to the actual needs of an enterprise. In the present embodiment, the low nitrogen system will be described by taking 2 low nitrogen devices as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the principle of the present application is:
this technical scheme is mainly to gas boiler's fuel natural gas, and the natural gas principal ingredients is methane, and the flue gas principal ingredients content is vapor and carbon dioxide after the burning, makes a neotype low nitrogen system, is provided with 2 low nitrogenwares in low nitrogen system, and this low nitrogenware can further reduce the nitrogen oxide in the flue gas on low nitrogen combustor reduces nitrogen oxide's basis, makes the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas lower. The low-nitrogen device reduces the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler by adopting a spraying method, then sprays the heated water into an air inlet system of the boiler, and continuously reduces the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler and simultaneously continuously heats the inlet air temperature of the boiler through heat exchange of the water, the flue gas, the water and the inlet air. Moreover, the low-nitrogen device reduces the temperature of the flue gas, and simultaneously, the water vapor in the flue gas is continuously condensed and falls into the bottom of the low-nitrogen device, so that the spraying water of the low-nitrogen device does not need to supplement tap water in the operation process of the equipment, and the water condensed by the water vapor in the flue gas not only meets the requirement, but also sometimes needs to discharge a part of water. And, this low nitrogen ware internally mounted has low pressure smoke box and induction apparatus (prior art), utilize and draw and penetrate the principle, the nitrogen content in the low pressure smoke box is less than the nitrogen content in the flue gas, this kind of low nitrogen content flue gas draws and penetrates boiler air inlet system and air mixing, the nitrogen content of boiler air inlet is less than the nitrogen content in the air, this kind of low nitrogen mixture reaches low nitrogen combustor and burns with the gas in the boiler, nitrogen oxide content obviously reduces in the flue gas that produces, the low nitrogen flue gas that low nitrogen combustor produced gets into the low nitrogen ware, under the low nitrogen ware spraying effect, nitrogen oxide further is absorbed and is reduced in the flue gas, a small amount of sulphide or dust etc. in the flue gas are also absorbed by the pure water that sprays simultaneously, the gas emission is more, so constantly reciprocating cycle. This low nitrogen ware forms multiple utilization method according to the boiler configuration characteristics of cigarette factory, through the smoke exhaust and air supply system of innovation, if this application installation 3 boilers, install 2 low nitrogen wares. If two low-nitrogen devices can be arranged to be respectively used corresponding to the No. 1 boiler and the No. 2 boiler, or two low-nitrogen devices can be arranged to be respectively used corresponding to the No. 2 boiler and the No. 3 boiler, or two low-nitrogen devices can be arranged to be respectively used corresponding to the No. 1 boiler and the No. 3 boiler, or a single low-nitrogen device can be used corresponding to any one boiler, or the No. 1 boiler and the No. 2 boiler share one low-nitrogen device. Therefore, the energy-saving low-nitrogen smoke exhaust process system of the gas boiler can reduce nitrogen oxides in smoke, and can reduce impurities and harmful gases such as dust, sulfide and the like in the smoke, thereby saving energy, having a flexible operation method, having relatively average boiler operation time and saving investment.
According to the production needs of enterprises, 3 boilers are installed, 2 boilers can be generally started, the other boiler is reserved, or only one boiler is started when the steam consumption load is low, and occasionally three boilers are started when the steam consumption load is high. As shown in fig. 1, 3 boilers are installed in the boiler room, namely, a boiler 5 of No. 1, a boiler 14 of No. 2 and a boiler 23 of No. 3, three boilers are respectively provided with a first low-nitrogen burner 6, a second low-nitrogen burner 15 and a third low-nitrogen burner 24, the content of nitrogen oxides in flue gas generated after the low-nitrogen burners are installed in the three boilers is low, in order to further reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, two boilers are installed in the innovative design, namely, a first low-nitrogen burner 38 and a second low-nitrogen burner 42, and the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas can be reduced by the low-nitrogen burners. The traditional main machine equipment and auxiliary machine equipment are applied one-to-one, and the installation quantity of the low-nitrogen devices is less than that of boilers, so that the investment cost can be saved. And through the innovative technological method, when a certain boiler is inspected or the boiler and the low-nitrogen device are failed and overhauled, the first boiler 5, the second boiler 14 and the third boiler 23 can form a plurality of operation combination methods and modes with the first low-nitrogen device 38 and the second low-nitrogen device 42 according to production needs, the operation modes are very flexible, and normal steam use of enterprises cannot be influenced.
A boiler and a low-nitrogen device are operated, and the following operation modes can be formed:
the first mode is as follows:
if only one first boiler 5 and one first low-nitrogen device 38 are operated, a first air blower 39 on the first low-nitrogen device 38 is started, a butterfly valve 31 and a butterfly valve 8 on an air duct are opened, a butterfly valve 2 and a butterfly valve 57 on a flue are opened, the other butterfly valves are closed, air enters the first low-nitrogen device 38 through the first air blower 39, the air is heated in the first low-nitrogen device 38 and then sequentially flows through an air duct 37, the butterfly valve 31, an air duct 28, an air duct 9, the butterfly valve 8 and an air duct 7 from the first low-nitrogen device to enter a first low-nitrogen burner 6 of the first boiler 5, low-nitrogen flue gas generated after mixed combustion of the air and gas in the first low-nitrogen burner 6 sequentially flows out of the first boiler 5 and then sequentially enters a first smoke chamber 48 on the left side of the first low-nitrogen device 38 through a flue 4, a first energy saver 3, the butterfly valve 2, the flue 1, the butterfly valve 57 and the flue 58, the flue gas is cooled in the first smoke chamber 48, water vapor in the flue gas is cooled and condensed in a water collecting tank at the bottom of the first smoke chamber 48, most of the flue gas after cooling and denitrogenation enters flue 49 from the top of first flue chamber 48 and then enters main stack 52 through flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and secondary denitrogenation is injected into the first air chamber 46 at the right side by the injection device, mixed with air and then enters the first boiler 5 again through the air duct. Thus, the first boiler 5 continuously and circularly operates for air intake and smoke exhaust.
And a second mode:
similarly to the mode, if only one second boiler 14 and one second low-nitrogen device 42 are operated, the second blower 41 on the second low-nitrogen device 42 is started, the butterfly valve 30 and the butterfly valve 17 on the air duct are opened, the butterfly valve 11 and the butterfly valve 59 on the air duct are opened at the same time, the other butterfly valves are closed, the air enters the second low-nitrogen device 42 through the second blower 41, the air is heated in the second low-nitrogen device 42 and then flows through the air duct 36, the butterfly valve 30, the air duct 29, the air duct 18, the butterfly valve 17 and the air duct 16 from the second low-nitrogen device 42 in sequence, the low-nitrogen flue gas generated after the air is mixed and combusted with the fuel gas in the second low-nitrogen burner 15 flows out of the second boiler 14 and then enters the second flue chamber 45 on the left side of the second low-nitrogen device 42 through the air duct 13, the economizer 12, the butterfly valve 11, the air duct 10, the butterfly valve 59 and the air duct 60 in sequence, the flue gas is cooled in the second flue chamber 45, the water vapor in the flue gas is cooled and condensed to fall into the flue gas chamber water collecting tank 92 at the bottom of the second flue gas chamber 45, most of the flue gas after being cooled and denitrified again enters the flue 50 from the top of the second flue gas chamber 45 and then enters the main chimney 52 through the flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and denitrogenation is ejected into the right second air chamber 44 through the ejector 75, mixed with air and then enters the second boiler 14 through the air duct again. In this way, the second boiler 14 is continuously operated in a continuous cycle of intake air and exhaust smoke.
And a third mode:
if only one third boiler 23 and one first low-nitrogen device 38 are operated, the first blower 39 on the first low-nitrogen device 38 is started, the butterfly valve 31, the butterfly valve 33 and the butterfly valve 26 on the air duct are opened, the butterfly valve 19, the butterfly valve 54 and the butterfly valve 57 on the air duct are opened at the same time, the other butterfly valves are closed, the air enters the first low-nitrogen device 38 through the first blower 39, the air is heated in the first low-nitrogen device 38 and then flows through the air duct 37, the butterfly valve 31, the air duct 32, the butterfly valve 33, the air duct 27, the butterfly valve 26 and the air duct 25 from the first low-nitrogen device in sequence to enter the third low-nitrogen burner 24 of the third boiler 23, the low-nitrogen flue gas generated after the air is mixed and combusted with the fuel gas in the third low-nitrogen burner 24 flows out of the third boiler 23 and then sequentially enters the first smoke chamber 48 on the left side of the first low-nitrogen device 38 through the flue 22, the third energy saving device 21, the flue 20, the butterfly valve 19, the flue 62, the flue 61, the butterfly valve 54, the flue 56, the flue 57 and the butterfly valve 58, after the temperature of the flue gas is reduced in the first smoke chamber 48, the water vapor in the flue gas is reduced in temperature and condensed to fall into a smoke chamber water collecting tank at the bottom of the first smoke chamber 48, most of the flue gas after temperature reduction and nitrogen removal again enters a flue 49 from the top of the first smoke chamber 48, and then enters a main chimney 52 through a flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and secondary denitrogenation is injected into the first air chamber 46 at the right side by the injection device, mixed with air and then enters the third boiler 23 again through the air duct. Thus, the third boiler 23 is continuously operated in a continuous cycle of intake air and exhaust smoke.
And a fourth mode:
if only one third boiler 23 and one second low-nitrogen device 42 are operated, the second blower 41 on the second low-nitrogen device 42 is started, the butterfly valve 30, the butterfly valve 35 and the butterfly valve 26 on the air duct are opened, the butterfly valve 19, the butterfly valve 53 and the butterfly valve 59 on the air duct are opened at the same time, the other butterfly valves are closed, the air enters the second low-nitrogen device 42 through the second blower 41, the air is heated in the second low-nitrogen device 42 and then flows through the air duct 36, the butterfly valve 30, the air duct 34, the butterfly valve 35, the air duct 27, the butterfly valve 26 and the air duct 25 from the second low-nitrogen device in turn to enter the third low-nitrogen burner 24 of the third boiler 23, the low-nitrogen flue gas generated after the air is mixed and combusted with the fuel gas in the third low-nitrogen burner 24 flows out from the third boiler 23 and then sequentially enters the second smoke chamber 45 on the left side of the second low-nitrogen device 42 through the flue 22, the third energy saver 21, the flue 20, the butterfly valve 19, the flue duct 62, the flue 61, the butterfly valve 53, the flue 55, the flue 59 and the butterfly valve 60, after the temperature of the flue gas is reduced in the second smoke chamber 45, the water vapor in the flue gas is reduced in temperature and condensed to fall into a smoke chamber water collecting tank at the bottom of the second smoke chamber 45, most of the flue gas after temperature reduction and nitrogen removal again enters the flue 50 from the top of the second smoke chamber 45, and then enters the main chimney 52 through the flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and secondary denitrogenation is injected into the second air chamber 44 at the right side by the injection device, mixed with air and then enters the third boiler 23 again through the air duct. Thus, the third boiler 23 continuously circulates the intake air and the exhaust smoke.
Mode (5):
if only one first boiler 5 and one second low-nitrogen device 42 are operated, the second air blower 41 on the second low-nitrogen device 42 is started, the butterfly valve 30, the butterfly valve 35, the butterfly valve 33 and the butterfly valve 8 on the air duct are opened, the butterfly valve 2, the butterfly valve 54, the butterfly valve 53 and the butterfly valve 59 on the air duct are opened at the same time, the other butterfly valves are closed, the air enters the second low-nitrogen device 42 through the second air blower 41, the air is heated in the second low-nitrogen device 42 and then sequentially flows through the air duct 36, the butterfly valve 30, the air duct 34, the butterfly valve 35, the butterfly valve 33, the air duct 32, the air duct 28, the air duct 9, the butterfly valve 8 and the air duct 7 to enter the first low-nitrogen burner 6 of the first boiler 5, and low-nitrogen smoke generated after the air is mixed and combusted with the fuel gas in the first low-nitrogen burner 6 sequentially flows out of the first boiler 5 through the air duct 4, the economizer 3, the butterfly valve 2, the air duct 1, the air duct 56, the butterfly valve 54, the butterfly valve 53 and the butterfly valve 53, The butterfly valve 59 and the flue 60 enter the second smoke chamber 45 at the left side of the second low-nitrogen device 42, after the temperature of the smoke is reduced in the second smoke chamber 45, the water vapor in the smoke is reduced in temperature and condensed to fall into a smoke chamber water collecting tank at the bottom of the second smoke chamber 45, most of the smoke after being reduced in temperature and removed with nitrogen again enters the flue 50 from the top of the second smoke chamber 45, and then enters the main chimney 52 through the flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and secondary denitrification is ejected into the right second air chamber 44 through the ejector 75, mixed with air and then enters the first boiler 5 through the air duct again. Thus, the first boiler 5 continuously circulates the inlet air and the exhaust smoke.
Mode six:
if only one second boiler 14 and one first low-nitrogen device 38 are operated, the first air blower 39 on the first low-nitrogen device 38 is started, the butterfly valve 31, the butterfly valve 33, the butterfly valve 35 and the butterfly valve 17 on the air duct are opened, the butterfly valve 11, the butterfly valve 53, the butterfly valve 54 and the butterfly valve 57 on the air duct are opened, the other butterfly valves are closed, the air enters the first low-nitrogen device 38 through the first air blower 39, the air is heated in the first low-nitrogen device 38 and then flows from the first low-nitrogen device through the air duct 37, the butterfly valve 31, the air duct 32, the butterfly valve 33, the butterfly valve 35, the air duct 34, the air duct 29, the air duct 18, the butterfly valve 17 and the air duct 16 into the second low-nitrogen burner 15 of the second boiler 14, and the low-nitrogen flue gas generated after the air is mixed and combusted with the fuel gas in the second low-nitrogen burner 15 flows out of the second boiler 14 and then sequentially passes through the air duct 13, the second economizer 12, the butterfly valve 11, the air duct 10, the air duct 55, the butterfly valve 53, the butterfly valve 54, the second economizer 12, the butterfly valve 11, the air duct 10, the flue 55, the butterfly valve 53, the flue gas, The flue 56, the butterfly valve 57 and the flue 58 enter the first smoke chamber 48 at the left side of the first low-nitrogen device 38, after the temperature of the flue gas is reduced in the first smoke chamber 48, the water vapor in the flue gas is reduced in temperature and condensed to fall into a smoke chamber water collecting tank at the bottom of the first smoke chamber 48, most of the flue gas after being reduced in temperature and removed with nitrogen again enters the flue 49 from the top of the first smoke chamber 48, and then enters the main chimney 52 through the flue 51 to be discharged into the atmosphere. A small part of the flue gas after cooling and denitrogenation is injected into the right first air chamber 46 through the injection device, mixed with air and then enters the second boiler 14 through the air duct again. In this way, the second boiler 14 is continuously operated in a continuous cycle of intake air and exhaust gas.
Two boilers and two low-nitrogen devices are operated, and the following operation modes can be formed.
Mode seven:
i.e., mode one plus mode two. Two boilers and two low-nitrogen devices are operated, the first boiler 5 is operated corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, and the second boiler 14 is operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, and the operation mode at the moment is the combination of the first operation mode and the second operation mode, namely the first operation mode and the second operation mode are simultaneously operated, and the first operation mode and the second operation mode are adopted when the steam consumption of the enterprise is large.
And a mode eight:
i.e., mode one plus mode four. Two boilers and two low-nitrogen devices are operated, the first boiler 5 is operated corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, the second boiler 23 is operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the operation mode at the moment is the combination of the first operation mode and the fourth operation mode, namely the first operation mode and the fourth operation mode are operated simultaneously, and the mode can be adopted when the steam consumption of an enterprise is large.
And a ninth mode:
i.e., mode two plus mode three. Two boilers and two low-nitrogen devices are operated, the second boiler 14 is operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the third boiler 23 is operated corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, the operation mode at the moment is the combination of the second operation mode and the third operation mode, namely the second operation mode and the third operation mode are operated simultaneously, and the mode can be adopted when the steam consumption of enterprises is large.
Two boilers and a low-nitrogen device are operated, and the following operation modes can be formed:
and a tenth mode:
i.e., mode one plus mode three. At this time, the two boilers share one first low-nitrogen generator 38 to operate. The first boiler 5 operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38 and the third boiler 23 also operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, and the operation mode at this time is the combination of the first operation mode and the third operation mode, namely, the first operation mode and the third operation mode operate simultaneously, and when the second low-nitrogen device 42 fails or is overhauled and the steam consumption of an enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
A mode eleven:
i.e., mode two plus mode four. At this time, the two boilers share one second low-nitrogen generator 42 to operate. The second boiler 14 operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, and the third boiler 23 also operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, and the operation mode at this time is a combination of the second operation mode and the fourth operation mode, that is, the fourth operation mode and the fourth operation mode operate simultaneously, and when the first low-nitrogen device 38 fails or is overhauled, and the steam consumption of the enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
Mode twelve:
i.e., mode one plus mode six. At this time, the two boilers share one first low-nitrogen generator 38 to operate. The first boiler 5 operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38 and the second boiler 14 also operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, and the operation mode at this time is the combination of the first operation mode and the sixth operation mode, namely, the first operation mode and the sixth operation mode operate simultaneously, and when the second low-nitrogen device 42 fails or is overhauled, and the steam amount used by an enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
Mode thirteen:
i.e., mode two plus mode five. At this time, the two boilers share one second low-nitrogen generator 42 to operate. The second boiler 14 operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42 and the first boiler 5 also operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, and the operation mode at this time is the combination of the second operation mode and the fifth operation mode, namely the second operation mode and the fifth operation mode operate simultaneously, and when the first low-nitrogen device 38 fails or is overhauled and the steam consumption of an enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
A fourteenth mode:
i.e., mode five mode four. At this time, the two boilers share one second low-nitrogen generator 42 to operate. The first boiler 5 operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the third boiler 23 also operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the operation mode at this time is the combination of the operation mode five and the operation mode four, namely the operation mode five and the operation mode four operate simultaneously, and when the first low-nitrogen device 38 fails or is overhauled, and the steam consumption of an enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
Mode fifteen:
i.e., mode three plus mode six. At this time, the two boilers share one first low-nitrogen generator 38 to operate. The third boiler 23 operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38 and the second boiler 14 also operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, and the operation mode at this time is the combination of the third operation mode and the sixth operation mode, namely, the third operation mode and the sixth operation mode operate simultaneously, and when the second low-nitrogen device 42 fails or is overhauled, and the steam consumption of the enterprise is large, the mode can be adopted, so that the production is not influenced.
Three boilers and one low-nitrogen device are operated, and the following operation modes can be formed:
the mode sixteen:
i.e., mode one plus mode three plus mode six. At this time, three boilers share one first low-nitrogen generator 38 to operate. The first boiler 5 operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, the third boiler 23 also operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, and the second boiler 14 also operates corresponding to the first low-nitrogen device 38, the operation mode at this time is a combination of the first operation mode, the third operation mode and the sixth operation mode, namely, the first operation mode, the third operation mode and the sixth operation mode operate simultaneously, and the mode can be adopted when the second low-nitrogen device 42 fails or is overhauled and the steam amount for enterprises is occasionally extremely large, so that the production is not influenced.
Mode seventeen:
i.e., mode two plus mode four plus mode five. At this time, the three boilers share one second low-nitrogen generator 42 to operate. The second boiler 14 is operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the third boiler 23 is also operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, and the first boiler 5 is also operated corresponding to the second low-nitrogen device 42, the operation mode at this time is the combination of the second operation mode, the fourth operation mode and the fifth operation mode, namely, the second operation mode, the fourth operation mode and the fifth operation mode are simultaneously operated, and the mode can be adopted when the first low-nitrogen device 38 is in failure or overhauled and the steam amount for enterprises is particularly large occasionally, so that the production is not influenced.
Three boilers and two low-nitrogen devices are operated, and the following operation modes can be formed:
mode eighteen:
i.e., mode one plus mode three plus mode two. At this time, the two boilers share one first low-nitrogen reactor 38 to operate, and the other boiler operates corresponding to the second low-nitrogen reactor 42. The first boiler 5 operates in correspondence with the first low-nitrogen generator 38 and the third boiler 23 also operates in correspondence with the first low-nitrogen generator 38, while the second boiler 14 operates in correspondence with the second low-nitrogen generator 42, in which case the operating mode is a combination of the first operating mode, the third operating mode and the second operating mode, i.e. the first operating mode, the third operating mode and the second operating mode operate simultaneously, which can be adopted when the steam consumption of the enterprise is particularly large occasionally, without affecting the production.
Mode nineteen:
i.e., mode two plus mode four plus mode one. At this time, one second low-nitrogen reactor 42 is operated in common for the two boilers, and the other boiler is operated corresponding to the first low-nitrogen reactor 38. The second boiler 14 is operated in correspondence with the second low-nitrogen generator 42 and the third boiler 23 is also operated in correspondence with the second low-nitrogen generator 42, while the first boiler 5 is operated in correspondence with the first low-nitrogen generator 38, in which case the operation mode is a combination of the second operation mode, the fourth operation mode and the first operation mode, i.e. the second operation mode, the fourth operation mode and the first operation mode are operated simultaneously, which can be adopted when the steam amount for the enterprise is particularly large occasionally, without affecting the production.
The five methods comprise 19 middle operation modes, so that the operation of the gas boiler and the low-nitrogen device is more flexible, and the operation time of different equipment can be more average, thereby avoiding that the operation time of some equipment is too long, and some equipment is in a standby state for a long time, even if some equipment fails, is overhauled and the like, the method can supply steam normally, reduce nitrogen oxides in the smoke to the maximum extent, reduce the temperature of the smoke, be beneficial to environmental protection and save energy.
Taking the second nitrogen reducer 42 as an example, the structure and the working principle are as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the second nitrogen reducer 42 and the first nitrogen reducer 38 may be installed separately or integrally, and the second nitrogen reducer 42 and the first nitrogen reducer 38 are separated by a first partition 40. The second nitrogen reducer 42 is divided into a left part and a right part by a second partition plate 43, wherein the left part is provided with a second smoke chamber 45, and the right part is provided with a second wind chamber 44. The first nitrogen reducer 38 has a partition 47 in the middle, a first smoking chamber 48 on the left, and a first smoking chamber 46 on the right. Taking the second low-nitrogen device 42 as an example, the structure and the working principle are as follows: the bottom of the second smoke chamber 45 on the left side of the second low nitrogen device 42 is provided with a smoke chamber water collecting tank 92, the smoke chamber water collecting tank 92 is provided with a liquid level sensor 93, the bottom of the second air chamber 44 on the right side is provided with an air chamber water collecting tank 79, and the air chamber water collecting tank 79 is provided with a liquid level sensor 78. When the device is started immediately after being installed, no water is at the bottom of the air chamber water collecting tank, or the water level is low immediately after the device is started, the liquid level sensor 78 detects that the water level of the air chamber water collecting tank 79 is low, the water supplementing electric valve 76 is opened, tap water supplies water to the air chamber water collecting tank through the water supplementing electric valve 76, when the water level of the air chamber water collecting tank 79 rises to a high water level, the water supplementing electric valve 76 is closed, the water supply to the air chamber water collecting tank 79 is stopped, when the water level of the air chamber water collecting tank 79 is ultrahigh, the electric drain valve 106 automatically opens for draining water, and after the water level is normal, the electric drain valve 106 automatically closes. When the device is started to operate, low-nitrogen flue gas generated by a boiler enters the second smoke chamber 45 through the flue 60, the air chamber circulating pump 83 operates and the electric valve 102 is opened, low-temperature water in the air chamber water collecting tank 79 flows into the second smoke chamber 45 through the valve 82, the air chamber circulating pump 83, the check valve 84, the valve 85, the water pipe 90, the water pipe 101 and the electric valve 102 and is sprayed into the second smoke chamber 45 from the smoke chamber spraying device 104, sprayed water mist falls from top to bottom, the flue gas flows from bottom to top in the second smoke chamber 45, the upper smoke chamber water distributor 99 and the lower smoke chamber water distributor 98 are arranged at the middle upper part of the second smoke chamber 45, a plurality of rows of round holes 97 are formed in the upper smoke chamber water distributor 99 and the lower smoke chamber water distributor 98, the round holes in the upper smoke chamber water distributor 99 and the lower smoke chamber water distributor 98 are just staggered from top to bottom, so that the flue gas can conveniently flow through the round holes from bottom to top in the smoke chamber and carry out heat exchange with the water mist when passing through the round holes, the flue gas temperature, the nitrogen oxide and the like are further reduced, the flue gas after the temperature reduction and the further nitrogen oxide reduction enters a chimney 52 upwards through a flue 50 and a flue 51 and is discharged. The water absorbing the heat of the flue gas falls into the flue gas chamber water collecting tank 92, and a large amount of water vapor in the flue gas also falls into the bottom flue gas chamber water collecting tank 92 after being condensed, so that after normal operation, the water in the flue gas chamber water collecting tank is continuously increased, when the water level in the flue gas chamber water collecting tank 92 reaches the ultrahigh water level, the liquid level sensor 93 gives a signal, the electric drain valve 106 is opened for draining, and after the water level in the water collecting tank 92 is normal, the electric drain valve 106 is automatically closed to stop draining. After the second blower 41 blows air into the right second air chamber 44, the high temperature water in the water collecting tank 92 of the smoke chamber is sprayed into the second air chamber 44 through the water pipe 91, the valve 86, the smoke chamber circulating pump 87, the check valve 88, the valve 89, the water pipe 80, the water pipe 66, the electric valve 65 and the water pipe 64 by the air chamber spraying device 63, the upper air chamber water distributor 70 and the lower air chamber water distributor 71 are also arranged in the second air chamber, a plurality of rows of round holes 72 are also arranged on the upper air chamber water distributor 70 and the lower air chamber water distributor 71, the round holes on the upper air chamber water distributor 70 and the lower air chamber water distributor 71 are staggered up and down, thus, the heat exchange between the water and the air is favorably carried out by the water distributors when the water falls, the water after temperature reduction falls into the water collecting tank 79 at the bottom of the second air chamber 44, the air after temperature increase is continuously sent to the boiler for combustion through the 36, the water baffle 67 is arranged at the inlet of the second air chamber 44, preventing water from entering the air duct. Meanwhile, a low-pressure smoke box 95 is arranged in the second smoke chamber 45 on the left, a smoke inlet 94 and a smoke outlet 100 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the low-pressure smoke box 95, an injection device 75 is arranged in the second smoke chamber 44 on the right, water in the water collecting tank 92 of the smoke chamber enters the injection device 75 through an electric valve 69 and a water pipe 73 after passing through a water pipe 80 in the process of conveying water to the second smoke chamber 44 through a smoke chamber circulating pump 87, the smoke in the low-pressure smoke box 95 is led out through a flue 105 by water flow in the injection device 75 and then is injected into the second smoke chamber 44 through an outlet 77, because the injection device 75 continuously guides the smoke in the low-pressure smoke box 95 into the second smoke chamber 44, a low-pressure area lower than the pressure in the second smoke chamber 45 is formed in the low-pressure smoke box 95, the content of nitrogen or nitrogen oxide in the low-pressure area is lower than that in the smoke chamber, and the injection device 75 continuously guides the smoke with very low nitrogen into the second smoke chamber 44 to be mixed with air, the nitrogen content of the mixed air is low, so that the content of nitrogen oxides generated after the low-nitrogen air is conveyed to the low-nitrogen combustor of the boiler through the air duct 36 for combustion is lower, and the air is continuously circulated repeatedly. The second smoke chamber 45 and the second air chamber 44 on the second low nitrogen device 42 are respectively provided with an inspection manhole 96, a manhole 97, a manhole 74 and a manhole 68, which are convenient for people to inspect.
The basic structure of the low-nitrogen combustor is as shown in the figure, the form of a flame nozzle of a traditional combustor is changed, under the condition that the output force of a boiler is the same, the temperature of flame sprayed by the flame nozzle is very high, oxygen and nitrogen can generate nitrogen oxides more easily under the high-temperature condition during combustion, therefore, a plurality of flame nozzles 108 are arranged on the periphery of the front end of the combustor, the central temperature of flame is lower than that of large flame, and the nitrogen oxides are not easily generated by the oxygen and the nitrogen during combustion. Therefore, the content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas generated after combustion in the low-nitrogen device is lower, and the content of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas after combustion in the low-nitrogen device is further reduced, thereby being beneficial to environmental protection and energy conservation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. An energy-saving smoke exhaust system of a gas boiler is characterized by comprising M boilers and M low-nitrogen burners, wherein M is a natural number, and the boilers are matched with the low-nitrogen burners in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the low-nitrogen system comprises N low-nitrogen devices, wherein N is a natural number more than or equal to 2, and a first partition plate is arranged between every two adjacent low-nitrogen devices;
each low-nitrogen device is divided into a smoke chamber and an air chamber through a second partition plate, and the smoke chamber is communicated with the air chamber;
the smoke outlets of the M boilers are respectively connected with the smoke inlets of the smoke chambers of the N low-nitrogen devices through smoke channels; the air outlets of the N air chambers are respectively connected with inlets of the M low-nitrogen burners through air channels;
butterfly valves are arranged on the flue and the air duct;
each smoke chamber is connected with a chimney through a flue;
the low-nitrogen device comprises a smoke chamber spraying device, a wind chamber spraying device, a smoke chamber water distributor, a wind chamber water distributor, a low-pressure smoke box, an injection device, a smoke chamber water collecting tank, a wind chamber water collecting tank, a blower, a smoke chamber circulating water pump, a wind chamber circulating water pump and a water replenishing pipe;
the smoke chamber spraying device is arranged above the smoke chamber, and the air chamber spraying device is arranged above the air chamber;
the smoke chamber water distributor is arranged below the smoke chamber spraying device, and the air chamber water distributor is arranged below the air chamber spraying device; the smoke inlet of the smoke chamber is arranged on the shell below the smoke chamber water distributor, and the air outlet of the air chamber is arranged on the shell between the air chamber spraying device and the air chamber water distributor;
the low-pressure smoke box is arranged below the smoke chamber water distributor of the smoke chamber, a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet are arranged on the low-pressure smoke box, the low-pressure smoke box is communicated with the injection device through a smoke pipe passing through the second partition plate, and the injection device is arranged below the air chamber water distributor in the air chamber;
the smoke chamber water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the smoke chamber, the air chamber water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber, the smoke chamber water collecting tank is connected with a water inlet of a smoke chamber circulating water pump through a water pipe, a water outlet of the smoke chamber circulating water pump is connected with a water inlet of an air chamber spraying device through a water pipe, the air chamber water collecting tank is connected with a water inlet of the air chamber circulating water pump through a water pipe, and a water outlet of the air chamber circulating water pump is connected with a water inlet of the smoke chamber spraying device through a water pipe; the water replenishing pipe is connected with the air chamber water containing tank;
the air outlet of the air blower is communicated with the air chamber, and the air inlet of the air blower is communicated with the outside.
2. The energy efficient gas boiler flue gas system of claim 1, wherein said first partition and said second partition are perpendicular to each other.
3. An energy efficient gas boiler smoke evacuation system as claimed in claim 1 wherein an economizer is provided in the flue adjacent the flue gas outlet of each boiler.
4. The energy saving gas boiler smoke evacuation system of claim 1, wherein liquid level sensors are disposed in both the flue gas chamber water containing tank and the air chamber water collecting tank.
5. The energy-saving gas boiler flue gas system according to claim 1, wherein the low-nitrogen burner comprises at least H number of flame spray heads, wherein H is a natural number greater than 2, the H number of flame spray heads are uniformly arranged at an end portion of the low-nitrogen burner, and the flame spray heads are not arranged at positions in the middle of the end portion of the low-nitrogen burner.
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