CN111963131A - Fracturing and blockage relieving system and method for coal bed gas horizontal well - Google Patents
Fracturing and blockage relieving system and method for coal bed gas horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN111963131A CN111963131A CN202010916774.4A CN202010916774A CN111963131A CN 111963131 A CN111963131 A CN 111963131A CN 202010916774 A CN202010916774 A CN 202010916774A CN 111963131 A CN111963131 A CN 111963131A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fracturing and unblocking system and a method for a coal bed gas horizontal well, wherein the system comprises a fracturing pump truck, an oil pipe, a pressure relief flushing valve, a controllable shock wave fracturing device and a guide cone which are sequentially connected; the pressure relief flushing valve is internally provided with a pressure transmitter connected with the controllable shock wave fracturing device, a flushing valve used for spraying high-pressure water to unblock the shaft and a drain valve used for draining residual water in the oil pipe. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, pushing a controllable shock wave fracturing device; secondly, controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device to work; thirdly, fracturing the next section of coal seam to be fractured; fourthly, plugging removal of a shaft; fifthly, repeating the third step to the fourth step until the shock wave operation of all the coal seam sections to be fractured is completed; and sixthly, draining water through the oil pipe. The fracturing and unblocking system and method for the coal bed gas horizontal well provided by the invention solve the problem that a moving channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device is blocked by pulverized coal, and can discharge water in an oil pipe when the oil pipe is lifted out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy exploitation, and particularly relates to a fracturing and blockage removing system and method for a coal bed gas horizontal well.
Background
The coal bed gas is a novel energy source which is high in heat, clean and convenient. The dynamic evaluation of coal bed gas resources organized by the national resource department in 2015 shows that the total resource amount of the coal bed gas is about 30 trillion square, the recoverable resource amount is about 12.5 trillion square, and the coal bed gas resource amount ranked third in the world accounts for 11.2% -13.7% of the global resource reserve. Although the coal bed gas industry continues to struggle, its actual development is far below expectations due to a variety of factors, but the resource recovery potential of coal bed gas remains enormous.
The patent with application number 201910811069.5 of the coalbed methane horizontal well unblocking and permeability-increasing completion method and the patent with application number 201910894890.8 of the coalbed methane regional yield increasing method respectively provide a method for unblocking and permeability-increasing the coalbed methane horizontal well by using a controllable shock wave technology and a method for increasing the permeability and the yield of a region by using the horizontal well. However, the controllable shock wave technology has various problems when the shock wave operation is implemented in the horizontal well, for example, coal dust in a coal seam easily blocks a moving channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device, so that the pushing of the controllable shock wave fracturing device is influenced, and the anti-reflection efficiency of the horizontal well is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a fracturing and unblocking system for a coal bed gas horizontal well, which solves the problem that a moving channel of a controllable shock wave fracturing device is blocked by pulverized coal, can discharge water in an oil pipe when the oil pipe is lifted out, and is convenient for pushing the controllable shock wave fracturing device into the horizontal well, so that the system is strong in practicability and convenient to popularize and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a fracturing and unblocking system for a coal bed gas horizontal well comprises a fracturing pump truck, an oil pipe, a pressure relief flushing valve, a controllable shock wave fracturing device and a guide cone which are sequentially connected;
the pressure relief flushing valve comprises a valve body, pressure transmitters, a flushing valve and a drain valve, wherein the pressure transmitters are arranged in the valve body, the flushing valve is used for ejecting high-pressure water to unblock a shaft of the coalbed methane horizontal well, the drain valve is used for draining residual water in an oil pipe, an oil pipe butt joint cavity and a controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity are arranged at two ends of the valve body respectively, water guide holes which are communicated with the oil pipe butt joint cavity and the controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity are formed in the valve body, a pressure sensing end of the pressure transmitter is inserted into the water guide holes, a data transmitting end of the pressure transmitter is connected with a data receiving end of the controllable shock wave cracking device, a drain hole and a flushing hole which are communicated with the water guide holes are formed in the side wall of the valve body.
The water drain hole comprises a first threaded hole section and a first through hole section, the drain valve is installed in the first threaded hole section, and the aperture of the first threaded hole section is larger than that of the first through hole section; the drain valve includes the double-screw bolt and with the rupture disc of double-screw bolt butt, the rupture disc is located the one end that first screw hole section is close to first through-hole section, and the double-screw bolt is equipped with the drainage through-hole that is used for the drainage along its axis.
According to the fracturing and blockage removing system for the coal bed gas horizontal well, the flushing hole comprises a second threaded hole section and a second through hole section, and the aperture of the second threaded hole section is larger than that of the second through hole section; the scouring valve comprises a plunger, a spring and a scouring column which are connected in sequence, one end of the plunger is located in the second through hole section, the other end of the plunger, the spring and the scouring column are located in the second through hole section, the outer wall of one end of the plunger located in the second through hole section is provided with a water guide groove along the axial direction of the plunger, one end of the plunger located in the second through hole section and close to the spring is provided with a scouring sealing ring, an interval exists between the other end of the plunger and the inner wall of the second through hole section, and the scouring column is provided with a scouring through hole for discharging high-pressure water along the axis of.
The fracturing and blockage removing system for the coal bed gas horizontal well is characterized in that the oil pipe extends into the oil pipe butt joint cavity to be in threaded connection with the valve body, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device extends into the controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity to be in threaded connection with the valve body.
According to the fracturing and unblocking system for the coal bed gas horizontal well, the drain hole and the flushing hole are inclined towards the direction of the butt joint cavity of the controllable shock wave fracturing device.
The fracturing and blockage removing system for the coal bed gas horizontal well is characterized in that a counterweight pipe is sleeved on the part, located on the vertical well section of the horizontal well, of the oil pipe.
Foretell a send and split, unblock system for coal bed gas horizontal well, the fracturing pump truck is settled subaerial, the direction awl includes the connecting pipe of cylinder and the direction head of being connected with the connecting pipe, the tip of direction head is coniform, and the connecting pipe can be dismantled with controllable shock wave and be connected.
The cracking and blockage removing system for the coal bed gas horizontal well is characterized in that the taper angle of the end part of the guide head is 30 degrees.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a fracturing and deblocking method for the coal bed gas horizontal well, which has simple steps and reasonable design and can conveniently push the controllable shock wave fracturing device into the horizontal well, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing a controllable shock wave fracturing device: pushing the controllable shock wave fracturing device to a to-be-fractured coal seam section at the deepest part in the horizontal well;
step two, controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device to work: the method comprises the steps that a fracturing pump truck is utilized to pump water to an oil pipe, a pressure transmitter is used for collecting the water pressure value of water in a water guide hole, when the water pressure value collected by the pressure transmitter reaches a first water pressure threshold value, a controllable shock wave fracturing device is started, the controllable shock wave fracturing device carries out N times of shock wave operation on a coal seam section to be fractured at the deepest part of a coal seam, and then the controllable shock wave fracturing device is automatically closed, wherein N is a positive integer, and the value range of N is 2-10;
step three, fracturing of the next section of coal seam section to be fractured: moving the controllable shock wave fracturing device outwards of the coal seam in a layer-by-layer upward returning mode, and implementing shock wave operation on the next section of coal seam to be fractured through the controllable shock wave fracturing device, wherein the manner of implementing the shock wave operation on the next section of coal seam to be fractured by the controllable shock wave fracturing device is the same as the manner of implementing the shock wave operation on the section of the coal seam to be fractured at the deepest part of the coal seam by the controllable shock wave fracturing device in the step two;
step four, plugging removal of a shaft: when a channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device moving in a shaft of the coal bed gas horizontal well is blocked by coal dust, a fracturing pump truck is used for pumping water to an oil pipe, when the water pressure value of water in the oil pipe reaches a second water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing device is started, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe is sprayed out through a flushing valve, the coal dust is scattered by the shock wave generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing device, the coal dust is flushed by the high-pressure water sprayed out of the flushing valve, the channel is further dredged, after the channel is dredged, the water pressure is reduced to enable the water pressure value to be lower than the first water pressure threshold value, the water stops being sprayed out of the flushing valve, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device is automatically closed, wherein the second water pressure threshold value is larger than;
step five, repeating the step three to the step four until the shock wave operation of all the coal seam sections to be fractured is completed;
step six, draining the oil pipe: and (2) utilizing the fracturing pump truck to pump water to the oil pipe, when the water pressure value in the oil pipe reaches a third water pressure threshold value, the rupture disk is exploded, the water in the oil pipe passes through the rupture disk and is discharged through the drain hole, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe is sprayed out through the scouring valve, then the fracturing pump truck is closed, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe is smaller than a second water pressure threshold value, the scouring valve 13 is automatically closed, after the water in the oil pipe is emptied, the oil pipe is lifted, then the pressure relief scouring valve, the controllable shock wave fracturing device and the guide cone are retracted, and then fracturing of the horizontal well coal seam is completed, wherein the third water pressure threshold value is larger than the second water pressure threshold value.
The above method is characterized in that: the first water pressure threshold value is 12-17 Mpa, the second water pressure threshold value is 18-22 Mpa, and the third water pressure threshold value is 23-27 Mpa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the system starts the controllable shock wave fracturing device through the pressure transmitter, and can save a cable which is arranged in the oil pipe and used for controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device, so that the structure of the pushing assembly of the controllable shock wave fracturing device is simplified, the cost is saved, and the system is convenient to popularize and use.
2. The flushing valve of the system can discharge high-pressure water by opening the flushing valve, and the high-pressure water can disperse and unblock the pulverized coal around the controllable shock wave fracturing device, so that the use effect is good, when the flushing valve discharges the high-pressure water, the controllable shock wave fracturing device is started simultaneously, the pulverized coal is dispersed by the shock wave generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing device, and the two unblocking modes are simultaneously carried out, so that the unblocking efficiency is higher, and the unblocking effect is better.
3. The drainage valve of the system can drain water in the oil pipe into the well barrel after the coal seam is cracked, so that the oil pipe can not drain sewage into a well site any more when the oil pipe is pulled out, and the environment is not polluted.
4. The invention omits a cable which is arranged in the oil pipe and used for controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device, so that the oil pipe has a smaller diameter compared with the oil pipe in the prior art, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device can be pushed in the horizontal well by using the self weight of the oil pipe and the weight of the counterweight pipe during pushing, so that the pushing process of the invention is smoother, the frictional resistance is smaller, and the problem that the controllable shock wave fracturing device can be pushed smoothly only by applying the pushing force by a drilling machine is avoided.
5. When the controllable shock wave fracturing device is pushed, the controllable shock wave fracturing device can smoothly pass through the steps of the coal bed gas horizontal well shafts with different pipe diameters under the guide of the guide cone.
6. The method can dredge the moving channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device in the shaft of the coal bed gas horizontal well, and avoid the problem that the oil pipe discharges sewage into a well site when the oil pipe is lifted out, thereby ensuring the smooth fracturing of the coal bed gas horizontal well, improving the anti-reflection efficiency of the horizontal well and having good use effect.
In conclusion, the controllable shock wave fracturing device solves the problem that a moving channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device is blocked by pulverized coal, can discharge water in an oil pipe when the oil pipe is lifted out, and is convenient to push the controllable shock wave fracturing device into a horizontal well, so that the controllable shock wave fracturing device is high in practicability and convenient to popularize and use.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracturing and plugging removal system for a coal bed gas horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure relief flush valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drain valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a flush valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide cone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for performing fracturing and plugging removal for a coal bed gas horizontal well according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-pressure relief flush valve; 2-controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity; 3-a valve body; 4-oil pipe butt joint cavity; 5, a pressure transmitter; 6-controllable shock wave fracturing device; 7-oil pipe; 8-a drain hole; 8-1 — a first threaded bore section; 8-2 — a first via section; 9-flushing the hole; 9-1 — a second threaded bore section; 9-2 — a second via section; 10-a drain valve; 11-a stud; 12-rupture disk; 13-a flush valve; 14-a plunger; 15-a spring; 16-flushing the column; 17-washing the sealing ring; 18-a water chute; 19-a guide cone; 20-coal seam; 21-water guide holes; 22-fracturing pump truck; 23-connecting pipe; 24-guide head.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the system of the present invention comprises a fracturing pump truck 22, an oil pipe 7, a pressure relief flushing valve 1, a controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 and a guide cone 19 which are connected in sequence;
the pressure relief flushing valve 1 comprises a valve body 3, a pressure transmitter 5, a flushing valve 13 and a drain valve 10, wherein the pressure transmitter 5, the flushing valve 13 and the drain valve 10 are all arranged in the valve body 3, the flushing valve 13 is used for ejecting high-pressure water to unblock a shaft of the coalbed methane horizontal well, the drain valve 10 is used for draining residual water in an oil pipe 7, an oil pipe butt joint cavity 4 and a controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity 2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the valve body 3, a water guide hole 21 is formed in the valve body 3 and is communicated with the oil pipe butt joint cavity 4 and the controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity 2, a pressure sensing end of the pressure transmitter 5 is inserted into the water guide hole 21, a data transmitting end of the pressure transmitter 5 is connected with a data receiving end of the controllable shock wave cracking device 6, a drain hole 8 and a flushing hole 9 are formed in the side wall of the valve body 3.
It should be noted that the oil pipe 7 is connected with the pressure relief flushing valve 1 through the oil pipe butt joint cavity 4, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is connected with the pressure relief flushing valve 1 through the controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity 2.
The pressure sensing end of the pressure transmitter 5 can convert the water pressure value detected in real time into an electric signal and send the electric signal to the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, so that the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is controlled to be started, and then the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started when the fracturing pump truck 22 pumps water into the oil pipe 7. The controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started through the pressure transmitter 5, a cable which is arranged in the oil pipe 7 and used for controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can be omitted, the structure of the pushing assembly of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is simplified, and cost is saved.
The fracturing pump truck 22 pumps water to the oil pipe 7, water of the oil pipe 7 flows to the water guide hole 21, the water drain hole 8 and the flushing hole 9, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 reaches a first water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 is started, and then the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 carries out shock wave operation on a section of the coal seam 20; when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 reaches a second water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 is started, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe 7 is sprayed out through the flushing valve 13, the coal powder is scattered by the shock wave generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6, the coal powder is scattered by the high-pressure water sprayed out of the flushing valve 13, and then a channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 moving in the coal bed gas horizontal well shaft is dredged; when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 reaches the third water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 is started, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe 7 is sprayed out through the flushing valve 13, the water in the oil pipe 7 is discharged through the drain valve 10, at the moment, the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 completes fracturing of the coal bed gas horizontal well, consumable materials in the controllable shock wave fracturing unit are consumed completely, so that shock waves cannot be generated, the water in the oil pipe 7 is in the discharging process, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 is smaller than the second water pressure threshold value, the flushing valve 13 is automatically closed, the water in the oil pipe 7 stops being sprayed out from the flushing valve 13, the drain valve 10 is in a normally open state after being opened, and therefore the water in the oil pipe 7 can be drained to the greatest extent.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the drain hole 8 includes a first threaded hole section 8-1 and a first through hole section 8-2, the drain valve 10 is installed in the first threaded hole section 8-1, and the aperture of the first threaded hole section 8-1 is larger than that of the first through hole section 8-2; the drain valve 10 comprises a stud 11 and a rupture disc 12 abutted against the stud 11, the rupture disc 12 is located at one end, close to the first through hole section 8-2, of the first threaded hole section 8-1, and the stud 11 is provided with a drain through hole for draining water along the axis of the stud 11.
It should be noted that the first threaded hole section 8-1 extends to the outer wall of the pressure relief flush valve 1, thereby facilitating the adjustment and maintenance of the drain valve 10.
After the water pressure in the drain hole 8 reaches a third water pressure threshold value which is a bursting threshold value of the bursting disc 12, the bursting disc 12 bursts, so that the water in the oil pipe 7 can pass through the bursting disc 12 and be drained through the drain through hole of the stud 11.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the flushing hole 9 includes a second threaded hole section 9-1 and a second through hole section 9-2, and the aperture of the second threaded hole section 9-1 is larger than that of the second through hole section 9-2; the flushing valve 13 comprises a plunger 14, a spring 15 and a flushing column 16 which are connected in sequence, one end of the plunger 14 is located in the second through hole section 9-2, the other end of the plunger 14, the spring 15 and the flushing column 16 are all located in the second through hole section 9-1, a water guide groove 18 is formed in the outer wall of one end, located in the second through hole section 9-2, of the plunger 14 along the axial direction of the plunger, a flushing sealing ring 17 is arranged at one end, located in the second through hole section 9-2 and close to the spring 15, of the plunger 14, a gap is formed between the other end of the plunger 14 and the inner wall of the second through hole section 9-1, and the flushing column 16 is provided with a flushing through hole for discharging high-.
It should be noted that the second threaded bore section 9-1 extends to the outer wall of the pressure relief flush valve 1, thereby facilitating the adjustment and maintenance of the flush valve 13.
After the water pressure in the scouring hole 9 reaches the water discharge threshold of the scouring valve 13, namely the second water pressure threshold, the spring 15 is compressed, meanwhile, the plunger 14 integrally moves towards the second threaded hole section, so that the scouring sealing ring 17 moves into the second threaded hole section, at the moment, two sides of the water chute 18 of the plunger 14 are respectively located in the second threaded hole section and the second threaded hole section, water in the oil pipe 7 is discharged from the scouring hole 9 through the water chute 18 and the scouring through hole, and the sprayed high-pressure water can disperse the coal dust in the channel blocking the movement of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, so that the channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is dredged.
In this embodiment, the oil pipe 7 extends into the oil pipe butt joint cavity 4 to be connected with the valve body 3 through threads, and the controllable shock wave cracking device 6 extends into the controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity 2 to be connected with the valve body 3 through threads.
It should be noted that the oil pipe 7 and the controllable shock wave cracking device 6 are both connected with the valve body 3 in a sealing manner, so that the controllable shock wave cracking device 6, the flushing valve 13 and the drain valve 10 can be started at a set water pressure, and simultaneously, water in the oil pipe 7 is prevented from being drained to a shaft.
When the pressure relief flushing valve 1 is installed, firstly, the pressure transmitter 5 is installed in a through hole of the pressure transmitter, the end part of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is screwed into the controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity 2, the data transmission end of the pressure transmitter 5 is connected with the data receiving end of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, then the end part of the oil pipe 7 is screwed into the oil pipe butt joint cavity 4, and meanwhile, the sealing performance of the joint of the two ends of the pressure relief flushing valve 1 is checked; the pressure transmitter 5 is debugged to ensure that the pressure transmitter 5 can send a starting signal to the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 under the set pressure.
In this embodiment, the water drain hole 8 and the flushing hole 9 are both inclined towards the direction of the controllable shock wave fracker docking chamber 2.
It should be noted that the water discharge hole 8 and the flushing hole 9 are both inclined towards the direction of the controllable shock wave cracking device butt-joint cavity 2, so that the moving channel of the controllable shock wave cracking device 6 can be better dredged, and water in the oil pipe 7 can be conveniently discharged.
In this embodiment, the part of the oil pipe 7 located in the vertical well section of the horizontal well is sleeved with a counterweight pipe.
It should be noted that the horizontal well comprises a straight well section and a horizontal section, and the invention omits a cable which is arranged in the oil pipe 7 and used for controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, so that the diameter of the oil pipe 7 of the invention is smaller than that of the oil pipe 7 in the prior art, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can be pushed in the horizontal well by using the self weight of the oil pipe 7 and the weight of the counterweight pipe during pushing, therefore, the pushing process of the method of the invention is smoother, the frictional resistance is smaller, and the problem that the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can be pushed smoothly only by applying the pushing force by a drilling machine is avoided.
In this embodiment, the fracturing pump truck 22 is arranged on the ground, the guide cone 19 includes a cylindrical connecting pipe 23 and a guide head 24 connected with the connecting pipe 23, the end of the guide head 24 is conical, and the connecting pipe 23 is detachably connected with the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 6, the guiding head 24 is preferably made of a metal material, and the diameter of the straight rod section of the guiding head 24 is larger than that of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, so that the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can smoothly pass through the steps of the coal bed gas horizontal well shafts with different pipe diameters under the guidance of the guiding cone 19.
In this embodiment, the taper angle of the end of the guide head 24 is 30 degrees.
It should be noted that the guide cone 19 with a cone angle of 30 degrees can smoothly push the controllable shock wave cracking device 6, and the resistance of the end of the controllable shock wave cracking device 6 is reduced when the controllable shock wave cracking device 6 is pushed.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a fracturing and plugging removing method for a coal bed gas horizontal well comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing a controllable shock wave fracturing device: pushing the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 to a coal seam section to be fractured at the deepest part in the horizontal well;
it should be noted that the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can be smoothly pushed to the deepest coal seam section to be fractured in the horizontal well by using the self weight of the oil pipe 7 and the weight of the counterweight pipe, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 can smoothly pass through the steps of the coal seam gas horizontal well shafts with different pipe diameters under the guidance of the guide cone 19.
Debugging the flushing valve before pushing: after the flushing column 16 is rotated, the position of the flushing column 16 in the second threaded hole section of the flushing hole 9 is changed, so that the distance between the flushing column 16 and the plunger 14 and the spring 15 is changed, the pressure generated by the spring 15 is changed, the drainage threshold value of the flushing valve 13 can be adjusted to the second water pressure threshold value, and the flushing valve 13 is opened when the pressure value is greater than the second water pressure threshold value in actual work.
Set up the drain valve before the propelling movement: the stud 11 is screwed out of the first threaded hole section, the rupture disk 12 with the blasting pressure value being the third water pressure threshold value is placed at the bottom of the first threaded hole section, then the stud 11 is screwed into the first threaded hole section, the rupture disk 12 is fixed through the stud 11, the rupture disk 12 is a disposable product, and after the rupture disk 12 is blasted, a new rupture disk 12 needs to be replaced when the drain valve 10 is used next time.
Step two, controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device to work: the fracturing pump truck 22 is used for pumping water to the oil pipe 7, the pressure transmitter 5 is used for collecting the water pressure value of water in the water guide hole 21, when the water pressure value collected by the pressure transmitter 5 reaches a first water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 carries out N times of shock wave operation on a coal seam section to be fractured at the deepest part of the coal seam 20, then the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is automatically closed, wherein N is a positive integer, and the value range of N is 2-10;
it should be noted that the specific value of N is determined by the physical property of the horizontal well coal seam 20, and N is preferably 5 times generally; when the water pressure in the oil pipe 7 reaches a first water pressure threshold value, the pressure transmitter 5 sends an electric signal to the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 generates 5 times of shock waves and acts on the coal bed 20 at equal intervals, and after the shock wave operation is completed, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is automatically closed.
Step three, fracturing of the next section of coal seam section to be fractured: moving the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 outwards the coal seam 20 in a layer-by-layer upward returning mode, implementing shock wave operation on the next section of coal seam to be fractured through the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, wherein the mode of implementing the shock wave operation on the next section of coal seam to be fractured by the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is the same as the mode of implementing the shock wave operation on the deepest section of the coal seam 20 by the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 in the step two;
it should be noted that after the shock wave operation of the previous coal seam section to be fractured is completed, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is moved out of the coal seam 20, so that the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is located in the adjacent coal seam section to be fractured, and the shock wave operation is performed; and then performing shock wave operation on the remaining coal seam section to be fractured in the same layer-by-layer upward returning mode.
Step four, plugging removal of a shaft: when a channel of the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 moving in a shaft of the coal bed gas horizontal well is blocked by coal dust, water is pumped to the oil pipe 7 by using the fracturing pump truck 22, when the water pressure value of water in the oil pipe 7 reaches a second water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe 7 is sprayed out through the flushing valve 13, the coal dust is scattered by the shock wave generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, the coal dust is flushed by the high-pressure water sprayed out of the flushing valve 13, the channel is dredged, after the channel is dredged, the water pressure is reduced to enable the water pressure value to be lower than the first water pressure threshold value, the water stops being sprayed out of the flushing valve 13, and the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is automatically closed, wherein the second water pressure threshold value is larger than;
it should be noted that, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 reaches the second water pressure threshold value, the plunger 14 of the flushing valve 13 moves and compresses the spring 15, the water is ejected from the flushing hole 9 through the water chute 18 and the flushing through hole, the ejected water disperses the pulverized coal, and then the channel is dredged; after the channel is dredged, the water pressure is reduced, the spring 15 is reset, the plunger 14 is moved to the initial position, and water stops being sprayed out of the flushing hole 9 after the plunger 14 is moved to the position.
When the consumables in the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 are consumed and the shaft is unblocked, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 cannot generate shock waves, so that high-pressure water can be sprayed out only through the flushing valve 13 to unblock.
The coal dust is scattered by the shock wave generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6, the coal dust is scattered by the high-pressure water sprayed by the flushing valve 13, and the blockage removing efficiency is higher and the blockage removing effect is better by simultaneously using the two blockage removing modes.
Step five, repeating the step three to the step four until the shock wave operation of all the coal seam sections to be fractured is completed;
step six, draining the oil pipe: the fracturing pump truck 22 is used for pumping water to the oil pipe 7, when the water pressure value in the oil pipe 7 reaches a third water pressure threshold value, the rupture disc 12 is exploded, water in the oil pipe 7 penetrates through the rupture disc 12 and is discharged through the drain hole 8, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe 7 is sprayed out through the scouring valve 13, then the fracturing pump truck 22 is closed, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 is smaller than the second water pressure threshold value, the scouring valve 13 is automatically closed, after the water in the oil pipe 7 is emptied, the oil pipe 7 is lifted out, then the pressure relief scouring valve 1, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 and the guide cone 19 are retracted, and fracturing of the coal seam of the horizontal well is completed, wherein the third water pressure threshold value is larger than the second water pressure threshold value.
It should be noted that, when the water pressure value in the oil pipe 7 reaches the third water pressure threshold value, the rupture disk 12 of the drain valve 10 is ruptured, the drain valve 10 is in a normally open state at this time, and water passes through the rupture disk 12 and is discharged from the drain hole 8 through the drain through hole;
when the water pressure value reaches the third water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is started simultaneously, meanwhile, water in the oil pipe 7 is sprayed out through the flushing valve 13, at the moment, consumables in the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 are consumed completely, and therefore shock waves cannot be generated.
In the process of discharging the water in the oil pipe 7, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe 7 is smaller than the second water pressure threshold value, the flushing valve 13 is automatically closed, and the water in the oil pipe 7 stops being sprayed out of the flushing valve 13.
The water discharge valve 10 is in a normally open state after being opened, so that water in the oil pipe 7 can be discharged completely; and after the water in the oil pipe 7 is emptied, the oil pipe 7 is lifted, and then the controllable shock wave fracturing device 6 is retracted, so that the fracturing of the horizontal well coal seam 20 is completed.
It should be noted that when the controllable shock wave fracturing unit 6 completes fracturing of the horizontal well, the water in the oil pipe 7 is discharged into the wellbore of the coal bed gas horizontal well through the water discharge valve 10, so that when the oil pipe 7 is lifted out, the oil pipe 7 does not discharge sewage into the well site any more.
In the embodiment, the first water pressure threshold is 12-17 Mpa, the second water pressure threshold is 18-22 Mpa, and the third water pressure threshold is 23-27 Mpa.
It should be noted that the numerical values of the first water pressure threshold, the second water pressure threshold and the third water pressure threshold are determined by the vertical depth of the horizontal well, and for a conventional horizontal well, that is, a horizontal well with a vertical depth of 1000 meters, the first water pressure threshold is preferably 15Mpa, the second water pressure threshold is preferably 20Mpa, and the third water pressure threshold is preferably 25 Mpa.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a send and split, unblock system for coal bed gas horizontal well which characterized in that: comprises a fracturing pump truck (22), an oil pipe (7), a pressure relief flushing valve (1), a controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) and a guide cone (19) which are connected in sequence;
the pressure relief flushing valve (1) comprises a valve body (3), pressure transmitters (5) arranged in the valve body (3), a flushing valve (13) used for spraying high-pressure water to unblock a shaft of the coalbed methane horizontal well and a drain valve (10) used for draining residual water in an oil pipe (7), wherein an oil pipe butt joint cavity (4) and a controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity (2) are respectively arranged at two ends of the valve body (3), a water guide hole (21) communicated with the oil pipe butt joint cavity (4) and the controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity (2) is formed in the valve body (3), a pressure sensing end of the pressure transmitter (5) is inserted into the water guide hole (21), a data transmitting end of the pressure transmitter (5) is connected with a data receiving end of the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6), a drain hole (8) and a flushing hole (9) communicated with the water guide hole (21) are formed in the side wall of the valve body (3), the drain valve (10) is positioned in the drain hole (8), and the flushing valve (13) is positioned in the flushing hole (9).
2. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: the drain hole (8) comprises a first threaded hole section (8-1) and a first through hole section (8-2), the drain valve (10) is installed in the first threaded hole section (8-1), and the aperture of the first threaded hole section (8-1) is larger than that of the first through hole section (8-2);
the drain valve (10) comprises a stud (11) and a rupture disc (12) abutted to the stud (11), the rupture disc (12) is located at one end, close to the first through hole section (8-2), of the first threaded hole section (8-1), and the stud (11) is provided with a drainage through hole for draining water along the axis of the stud (11).
3. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein: the flushing hole (9) comprises a second threaded hole section (9-1) and a second through hole section (9-2), and the aperture of the second threaded hole section (9-1) is larger than that of the second through hole section (9-2);
the flushing valve (13) comprises a plunger (14), a spring (15) and a flushing column (16) which are sequentially connected, one end of the plunger (14) is located in the second through hole section (9-2), the other end of the plunger (14), the spring (15) and the flushing column (16) are located in the second through hole section (9-1), a water guide groove (18) is formed in the outer wall of one end, located in the second through hole section (9-2), of the plunger (14) in the axial direction of the plunger, a flushing sealing ring (17) is arranged at one end, located in the second through hole section (9-2) and close to the spring (15), a gap exists between the other end of the plunger (14) and the inner wall of the second through hole section (9-1), and a flushing through hole for discharging high-pressure water is formed in the flushing column (16) in the axial direction of the flushing column.
4. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: the oil pipe (7) extends into the oil pipe butt joint cavity (4) to be connected with the valve body (3) in a threaded mode, and the controllable shock wave cracking device (6) extends into the controllable shock wave cracking device butt joint cavity (2) to be connected with the valve body (3) in a threaded mode.
5. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: the drain hole (8) and the scouring hole (9) are inclined towards the direction of the controllable shock wave fracturing device butt joint cavity (2).
6. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: and a counterweight pipe is sleeved on the part of the oil pipe (7) positioned at the vertical well section of the horizontal well.
7. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: the fracturing pump truck (22) is arranged on the ground, the guide cone (19) comprises a cylindrical connecting pipe (23) and a guide head (24) connected with the connecting pipe (23), the end part of the guide head (24) is conical, and the connecting pipe (23) is detachably connected with the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6).
8. The fracturing and plugging removal system for a coalbed methane horizontal well according to claim 1, wherein: the taper angle of the end of the guide head (24) is 30 degrees.
9. A method for fracturing and plugging removal for a coal bed gas horizontal well by using the system of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pushing a controllable shock wave fracturing device: pushing the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) to the deepest coal seam section to be fractured in the horizontal well;
step two, controlling the controllable shock wave fracturing device to work: the fracturing pump truck (22) is utilized to pump water to the oil pipe (7), the water pressure value of water in the water guide hole (21) is collected through the pressure transmitter (5), when the water pressure value collected by the pressure transmitter (5) reaches a first water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) is started, the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) conducts N times of shock wave operation on a coal seam section to be fractured at the deepest part of the coal seam (20), then the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) is automatically closed, wherein N is a positive integer, and the value range of N is 2-10;
step three, fracturing of the next section of coal seam section to be fractured: moving the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) to the outside of the coal seam (20) in a layer-by-layer upward returning mode, implementing shock wave operation on the next section of the coal seam to be fractured through the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6), wherein the mode of implementing the shock wave operation on the next section of the coal seam to be fractured by the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) is the same as the mode of implementing the shock wave operation on the section of the coal seam to be fractured at the deepest part of the coal seam (20) by the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) in the step two;
step four, plugging removal of a shaft: when a channel moving in a shaft of the coal bed gas horizontal well is blocked by coal dust, a fracturing pump truck (22) is utilized to pump water to an oil pipe (7), when the water pressure value of water in the oil pipe (7) reaches a second water pressure threshold value, the controllable shock wave fracturing unit (6) is started, meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe (7) is sprayed out through a flushing valve (13), the coal dust is scattered by shock waves generated by the controllable shock wave fracturing unit (6), the coal dust is flushed by high-pressure water sprayed out of the flushing valve (13), the channel is dredged, after the channel is dredged, the water pressure is reduced to enable the water pressure value to be lower than the first water pressure threshold value, the water stops being sprayed out of the flushing valve (13), and the controllable shock wave fracturing unit (6) is automatically closed, wherein the second water pressure threshold value is larger than the first water pressure threshold value;
step five, repeating the step three to the step four until the shock wave operation of all the coal seam sections to be fractured is completed;
step six, draining the oil pipe: the fracturing pump truck (22) is utilized to pump water to the oil pipe (7), when the water pressure value in the oil pipe (7) reaches a third water pressure threshold value, the rupture disc (12) is exploded, water in the oil pipe (7) penetrates through the rupture disc (12) and is discharged through the drain hole (8), meanwhile, the water in the oil pipe (7) is sprayed out through the scouring valve (13), then the fracturing pump truck (22) is closed, when the water pressure value of the water in the oil pipe (7) is smaller than the second water pressure threshold value, the scouring valve (13) is automatically closed, after the water in the oil pipe (7) is emptied, the oil pipe (7) is lifted out, then the pressure relief scouring valve (1), the controllable shock wave fracturing device (6) and the guide cone (19) are retracted, and then fracturing of the horizontal well coal seam is completed, wherein the third water pressure threshold value is larger than the second water pressure threshold value.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the first water pressure threshold value is 12-17 Mpa, the second water pressure threshold value is 18-22 Mpa, and the third water pressure threshold value is 23-27 Mpa.
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| CN202010916774.4A CN111963131A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Fracturing and blockage relieving system and method for coal bed gas horizontal well |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113246223A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-13 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Adjustable ultrahigh-pressure water jet cutting device and using method |
| CN115387771A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine staged hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid plug removal function and method |
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- 2020-09-03 CN CN202010916774.4A patent/CN111963131A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113246223A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-08-13 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Adjustable ultrahigh-pressure water jet cutting device and using method |
| CN115387771A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine staged hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid plug removal function and method |
| CN115387771B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-08-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground segmented hydraulic fracturing tool string with rapid blocking removal function and method |
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