CN111963065A

CN111963065A - PDC drill bit for directional drilling

Info

Publication number: CN111963065A
Application number: CN202011121817.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周玉华; 杨守亮; 董惠芹; 孙志鹏; 于洪锋; 秦军彦
Original assignee: Drilling Tool Factory Of Gubang Petroleum Equipment Co ltd Shengli Oilfield; Shengli Oil Field Solid State Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shengli Oil Field Solid State Petroleum Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-20
Also published as: CN111963065B

Abstract

The invention discloses a PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) drill bit for directional drilling, which relates to the technical field of oil drilling tools and comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of blades, wherein a plurality of first grooves are formed in the side walls of the blades, connecting grooves are formed in the top surfaces and the bottoms of the first grooves, second grooves which correspond to the first grooves in the blades in a one-to-one mode are formed in the side walls of the drill bit body, a moving mechanism is rotatably connected to the side wall of one end, away from the first grooves, of each second groove, the upper end and the lower end of the moving mechanism are respectively in sliding connection with the top surfaces and the bottoms of the second grooves, connecting mechanisms matched with the connecting grooves are fixedly connected to the top surfaces and the bottoms of the second grooves, the connecting mechanisms are in abutting contact with the moving mechanism, the second grooves on vertical lines penetrate through the same driving mechanism, and the plurality of moving. The invention can effectively replace the worn blade, and can effectively cool the drill bit, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the drill bit.

Description

PDC drill bit for directional drilling

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling tools, in particular to a PDC drill bit for directional drilling.

Background

The petroleum exploration is to find and find oil and gas resources, to know the underground geological conditions by various exploration means, to know the conditions of crude oil, oil storage, oil and gas migration, accumulation, storage and the like, to comprehensively evaluate the oil and gas-containing prospect, to determine the favorable area of oil and gas accumulation, to find the trap of the oil and gas, to find the area of an oil and gas field, to find the process of oil and gas reservoir conditions and production capacity, to increase crude oil reserves and related oil and gas products for the country, to the extent that some areas have more oil and some areas have less oil, and to the extent that the later-stage structure function and the exposure of the oil-containing stratum after the oil and the gas are formed are mainly determined. Geological features such as oil-containing structures, oil-containing basins and the like can be analyzed from the whole geological map of China. All these tasks need to be done by graduates from professional schools. Such as geology, geophysical prospecting, hydrogeology, chemical prospecting, etc. The complete oil exploration process mainly comprises the following working posts, namely geological engineers, oil reservoir engineers, geophysical prospecting data acquisition, interpretation and processing engineers, numerical simulation, well logging, post supervision and the like; the application of directional drilling technology in oil drilling engineering is also rapidly increasing, and the number of directional wells is increasing. In directional drilling, a desired wellbore trajectory is typically drilled using a combination of rotation and sliding. In order to meet the requirement of directional drilling, improve the efficiency of drilling engineering and reduce the drilling cost, the optimization of a directional drill bit is particularly important.

The long-time use of wing, wearing and tearing are comparatively serious when using of current PDC drill bit, can not change to current wing, can only go on more to whole drill bit when wearing and tearing are serious, have led to serious wasting of resources, in addition, the drill bit can not cool down the drill bit owing to the heat production of friction when using, seriously influences the service life of drill bit, for this reason, we have proposed a directional drilling's PDC drill bit.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a PDC drill bit for directional drilling.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a PDC drill bit for directional drilling comprises a drill bit body and a plurality of blades, wherein a plurality of first grooves are formed in the side walls of the blades, connecting grooves are formed in the top surface and the bottom of each first groove, second grooves corresponding to the first grooves in the blades in a one-to-one mode are formed in the side walls of the drill bit body, a moving mechanism is rotatably connected to one end side wall, away from the first grooves, of each second groove, the upper end and the lower end of the moving mechanism are respectively in sliding connection with the top surface and the bottom of each second groove, connecting mechanisms matched with the connecting grooves are fixedly connected to the top surface and the bottom of each second groove, the connecting mechanisms are in contact with the moving mechanisms in a propping mode, the second grooves on vertical lines are rotatably provided with the same driving mechanism in a penetrating mode, the plurality of moving mechanisms are all meshed with the driving mechanisms, and the upper ends of the driving mechanisms are located above the drill bit body, this internal annular cooling chamber that is equipped with of drill bit, cooling intracavity fixed mounting has many stiffeners, fixed mounting has heat conduction fin on the stiffener, heat conduction fin and cooling chamber's inner wall counterbalance contact, the fixed water mechanism that trades that is equipped with in upper end of drill bit body, it sets up with cooling chamber intercommunication to trade water mechanism.

Preferably, moving mechanism sets up the threaded rod on second recess inner wall including rotating, coaxial fixedly connected with worm wheel on the threaded rod, worm wheel and actuating mechanism meshing, threaded sleeve is equipped with the toper piece on the threaded rod, toper piece and coupling mechanism counterbalance contact, many connecting rods of fixedly connected with on the lateral wall of toper piece, the one end of toper piece and the inner wall sliding connection of second recess are kept away from to the connecting rod.

Preferably, the inner wall of the second groove is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, sliding blocks matched with the sliding grooves are arranged in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, and the sliding blocks are fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting rods.

Preferably, coupling mechanism is including fixed the first elastic component who sets up on second recess inner wall, first elastic component leans on the one end fixedly connected with connecting plate of toper piece, the connecting plate slides the counterbalance contact with the toper piece, fixedly connected with and spread groove assorted connecting block on the lateral wall of connecting plate.

Preferably, first elastic component is including the fixed first telescopic link that sets up between connecting plate and second recess inner wall, the cover is equipped with first spring on the first telescopic link, the both ends of first spring respectively with the inner wall of second recess and the lateral wall fixed connection of connecting plate.

Preferably, actuating mechanism is including rotating the worm that runs through a plurality of second recesses settings, and is a plurality of the worm wheel all meshes with the worm, the upper end fixedly connected with rotation axis of worm, the upper end of rotation axis extends to the top of drill bit body.

Preferably, trade the water mechanism including fixed setting up the box on the drill bit body, the bottom intercommunication of box is equipped with first pipe, first pipe extends to the cooling intracavity, be equipped with the water inlet on the lateral wall of first pipe, install first one-way pressure valve on the first pipe, the intercommunication is equipped with the second pipe on the lateral wall of box, install second one-way pressure valve on the second pipe, sliding seal is equipped with the lifter plate in the box, the upper end fixedly connected with pull rod of lifter plate, the pull rod slides the top surface setting that runs through the box, a plurality of second elastic component of fixedly connected with between the top surface of lifter plate and box.

Preferably, the second elastic component comprises a second telescopic rod fixedly arranged between the lifting plate and the top surface of the box body, a second spring is sleeved on the second telescopic rod, and two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected with the lifting plate and the top surface of the box body respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the driving mechanism, the moving mechanism, the connecting mechanism and the connecting groove are arranged, so that the blade can be conveniently installed and detached, the blade which is worn for a long time and cannot meet the use requirement can be replaced, the use efficiency of the whole drill bit can be effectively improved, and the cost in drilling is not effectively reduced.

2. According to the drill bit, the cooling cavity, the heat conducting fins and the water changing mechanism are arranged, so that cold water stored in the cooling cavity can cool the drill bit when the drill bit is used, the cooling effect is improved under the action of the heat conducting fins, the influence of friction heat generation on the drill bit when the drill bit is used can be effectively reduced, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and the water after heat absorption can be changed through the water changing mechanism.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a PDC bit for directional drilling in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the breather mechanism in a PDC bit for directional drilling in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a first conduit of a PDC bit for directional drilling in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure: 1 drill bit body, 2 blades, 3 first recess, 4 connecting grooves, 5 second recesses, 6 cooling cavities, 7 stiffener, 8 heat conduction fins, 9 threaded rods, 10 worm wheels, 11 conical blocks, 12 connecting rods, 13 sliding chutes, 14 sliders, 15 connecting plates, 16 connecting blocks, 17 first telescopic rods, 18 first springs, 19 worms, 20 rotating shafts, 21 boxes, 22 first guide pipes, 23 water inlets, 24 first one-way pressure valves, 25 second guide pipes, 26 second one-way pressure valves, 27 lifting plates, 28 pull rods, 29 second telescopic rods and 30 second springs.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a PDC drill bit for directional drilling includes a bit body 1 and a plurality of blades 2, a plurality of first grooves 3 are disposed on the side walls of the blades 2, connecting grooves 4 are disposed on the top and bottom of the first grooves 3, second grooves 5 corresponding to the first grooves 3 on the blades 2 one by one are disposed on the side walls of the bit body 1, a moving mechanism is rotatably connected to the side wall of one end of the second groove 5 away from the first groove 3, the upper and lower ends of the moving mechanism are slidably connected to the top and bottom of the second groove 5, connecting mechanisms matching the connecting grooves 4 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the second groove 5, the connecting mechanisms are in contact with the moving mechanism, the same driving mechanism is rotatably disposed in the second groove 5 on a vertical line, the plurality of moving mechanisms are engaged with the driving mechanism, the upper end of the driving mechanism is located above the bit body 1, be equipped with annular cooling chamber 6 in the drill bit body 1, fixed mounting has many stiffeners 7 in cooling chamber 6, fixed mounting has heat conduction fin 8 on the stiffener 7, heat conduction fin 8 offsets the contact with the inner wall in cooling chamber 6, the fixed water mechanism that trades that is equipped with in upper end of drill bit body 1, trade water mechanism and cooling chamber intercommunication setting, what need explain, cooling chamber 6's top surface is equipped with the inlet opening of inside and outside intercommunication, the inlet opening intussuseption is filled with the sealing plug (all not shown in inlet opening and the sealing plug picture), and external force does not exert an influence to its use.

Wherein, moving mechanism sets up threaded rod 9 on the 5 inner walls of second recess including rotating, and coaxial fixedly connected with worm wheel 10 on the threaded rod 9, worm wheel 10 and actuating mechanism meshing, and threaded sleeve is equipped with toper piece 11 on the threaded rod 9, and toper piece 11 offsets with coupling mechanism and contacts, many connecting rods 12 of fixedly connected with on the lateral wall of toper piece 11, and connecting rod 12 keeps away from the one end of toper piece 11 and the inner wall sliding connection of second recess 5.

More specifically, the inner wall of the second groove 5 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 13, the sliding grooves 13 are slidably provided with sliding blocks 14 matched with the sliding grooves, and the sliding blocks 14 are fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting rods 12, it should be noted that, as the sliding blocks 14 slide in the sliding grooves 13, the sliding blocks have a limiting effect on the conical blocks 11, so that the conical blocks 11 can only move along the axis of the threaded rod 9 and cannot rotate.

Wherein, coupling mechanism is including fixed the first elastic component who sets up on the 5 inner walls of second recess, first elastic component leans on the one end fixedly connected with connecting plate 15 of toper piece 11, connecting plate 15 slides with toper piece 11 and offsets the contact, fixedly connected with and connecting groove 4 assorted connecting block 16 on the lateral wall of connecting plate 15, it needs to explain, when connecting block 16 inserts and establishes to rather than the connecting groove 4 that matches in, can be connected wing 2 and drill bit body 1 in level and vertical two directions, be convenient for ensure the stability and the rigidity of connecting.

Wherein, first elastic component is including fixed setting up the first telescopic link 17 between connecting plate 15 and second recess 5 inner wall, and the cover is equipped with first spring 18 on the first telescopic link 17, the both ends of first spring 18 respectively with the inner wall of second recess 5 and the lateral wall fixed connection of connecting plate 15.

Wherein, actuating mechanism includes the worm 19 that the rotation runs through a plurality of second recesses 5 and sets up, and a plurality of worm wheel 10 all mesh with worm 19, and the upper end fixedly connected with rotation axis 20 of worm 19, the upper end of rotation axis 20 extends to the top of drill bit body 1.

Wherein, the water changing mechanism comprises a box body 21 fixedly arranged on the drill bit body 1, the bottom of the box body 21 is communicated with a first conduit 22, the first conduit 22 extends into the cooling cavity 6, the side wall of the first conduit 22 is provided with a water inlet 23, the first conduit 22 is provided with a first one-way pressure valve 24, it should be noted that water passing through the first one-way pressure valve 24 can only enter the box body 21 from the cooling cavity 6, the side wall of the box body 21 is communicated with a second conduit 25, the second conduit 25 is provided with a second one-way pressure valve 26, the box body 21 is internally provided with a lifting plate 27 in a sliding sealing manner, the upper end of the lifting plate 27 is fixedly connected with a pull rod 28, the pull rod 28 is arranged by sliding through the top surface of the box body 21, a plurality of second elastic components are fixedly connected between the lifting plate 27 and the top surface of the box body 21, it is worth mentioning that water passing through the second one-way pressure valve, and a dust screen (not shown) is arranged at the nozzle of the second conduit 25, and the sliding connection part of the pull rod 28 and the box body 21 is in non-sealing connection but has a dust prevention function.

More specifically, the second elastic assembly includes a second telescopic rod 29 fixedly disposed between the lifting plate 27 and the top surface of the box body 21, a second spring 30 is sleeved on the second telescopic rod 29, and two ends of the second spring 30 are respectively fixedly connected with the lifting plate 27 and the top surface of the box body 21.

According to the invention, when the blade 2 is replaced, the rotating shaft 20 is manually controlled to drive the worm 19 to rotate, the worm 19 is meshed with the worm wheel 10 and can drive the worm wheel 10 and the threaded rod 9 to synchronously rotate, the conical block 11 can move along the axis of the threaded rod 9 under the limiting action of the sliding block 14, the extrusion action of the conical block 11 on the connecting plate 15 is reduced, and the connecting block 16 is withdrawn from the connecting groove 4 under the action of the first spring 18, so that the connecting relation between the blade 2 and the drill bit body 1 is conveniently contacted, the blade 2 is conveniently replaced, and the utilization rate of the drill bit is favorably improved; in addition, fill with water in the chamber 6 of will cooling before the use, be used when using the drill bit, use cooling to it, and can improve cooling efficiency through heat conduction fin 8, after the use, can drive lifter plate 27 upward movement through upwards pulling pull rod 28, make first one-way pressure valve 24 open, the water in the chamber 6 of cooling is sucked to the box 21 in, the effect of external force to pull rod 28 is cancelled, under the reset action of second spring 30, can make lifter plate 27 downstream, second one-way pressure valve 26 opens, can discharge the water that pumps to the box 21 in, be convenient for change the water after the heat absorption in the chamber 6 of cooling into cold water, be convenient for follow-up continuation use.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The PDC drill bit for directional drilling comprises a drill bit body (1) and a plurality of blades (2), and is characterized in that a plurality of first grooves (3) are formed in the side wall of each blade (2), connecting grooves (4) are formed in the top surface and the bottom of each first groove (3), second grooves (5) which correspond to the first grooves (3) in the blades (2) one to one are formed in the side wall of the drill bit body (1), a moving mechanism is rotatably connected to the side wall of one end, far away from the first grooves (3), of each second groove (5), the upper end and the lower end of the moving mechanism are respectively in sliding connection with the top surface and the bottom of each second groove (5), connecting mechanisms matched with the connecting grooves (4) are fixedly connected to the top surface and the bottom of each second groove (5), the connecting mechanisms are in abutting contact with the moving mechanism, the second grooves (5) on a vertical line are rotatably provided with the same driving mechanism in a penetrating mode, it is a plurality of moving mechanism all meshes with actuating mechanism mutually, actuating mechanism's upper end is located the top of drill bit body (1), be equipped with annular cooling chamber (6) in drill bit body (1), cooling chamber (6) internal fixation installs many stiffener (7), fixed mounting has heat conduction fin (8) on stiffener (7), heat conduction fin (8) and the inner wall counterbalance contact in cooling chamber (6), the fixed water mechanism that trades that is equipped with in upper end of drill bit body (1), trade water mechanism and cooling chamber intercommunication setting.

2. The PDC drill bit of directional drilling according to claim 1, wherein the moving mechanism comprises a threaded rod (9) rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the second groove (5), a worm wheel (10) is fixedly and coaxially connected to the threaded rod (9), the worm wheel (10) is meshed with a driving mechanism, a tapered block (11) is sleeved on the threaded rod (9) in a threaded manner, the tapered block (11) is in contact with the connecting mechanism in an abutting manner, a plurality of connecting rods (12) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the tapered block (11), and one end, away from the tapered block (11), of each connecting rod (12) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the second groove (5).

3. The PDC drill bit for directional drilling according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of sliding grooves (13) are formed in the inner wall of the second groove (5), sliding blocks (14) matched with the sliding grooves (13) are arranged in the sliding grooves (13) in a sliding mode, and the sliding blocks (14) are fixedly connected with corresponding connecting rods (12).

4. The PDC drill bit for directional drilling according to claim 3, wherein the connecting mechanism comprises a first elastic component fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second groove (5), a connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected to one end, close to the conical block (11), of the first elastic component, the connecting plate (15) is in sliding and abutting contact with the conical block (11), and a connecting block (16) matched with the connecting groove (4) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate (15).

5. The PDC drill bit of directional drilling according to claim 4, wherein the first elastic assembly comprises a first telescopic rod (17) fixedly arranged between the connecting plate (15) and the inner wall of the second groove (5), a first spring (18) is sleeved on the first telescopic rod (17), and two ends of the first spring (18) are respectively and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second groove (5) and the side wall of the connecting plate (15).

6. A PDC drill bit for directional drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a worm (19) rotatably arranged through the second plurality of flutes (5), the worm wheels (10) are all engaged with the worm (19), a rotating shaft (20) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the worm (19), and the upper end of the rotating shaft (20) extends above the drill bit body (1).

7. The PDC drill bit for directional drilling according to claim 1, wherein the water changing mechanism comprises a box body (21) fixedly arranged on the drill bit body (1), a first guide pipe (22) is communicated with the bottom of the box body (21), the first guide pipe (22) extends into the cooling cavity (6), a water inlet (23) is formed in the side wall of the first guide pipe (22), a first one-way pressure valve (24) is installed on the first guide pipe (22), a second guide pipe (25) is communicated with the side wall of the box body (21), a second one-way pressure valve (26) is installed on the second guide pipe (25), a lifting plate (27) is arranged in the box body (21) in a sliding sealing manner, a pull rod (28) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting plate (27), and the pull rod (28) is arranged to penetrate through the top surface of the box body (21) in a sliding manner, a plurality of second elastic components are fixedly connected between the lifting plate (27) and the top surface of the box body (21).

8. The PDC drill bit of directional drilling according to claim 7, wherein the second elastic assembly comprises a second telescopic rod (29) fixedly arranged between the lifting plate (27) and the top surface of the box body (21), a second spring (30) is sleeved on the second telescopic rod (29), and two ends of the second spring (30) are fixedly connected with the lifting plate (27) and the top surface of the box body (21) respectively.