CN111962123A - Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, internal combustion engine piston and application of internal combustion engine piston - Google Patents
Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, internal combustion engine piston and application of internal combustion engine piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN111962123A CN111962123A CN202010847789.XA CN202010847789A CN111962123A CN 111962123 A CN111962123 A CN 111962123A CN 202010847789 A CN202010847789 A CN 202010847789A CN 111962123 A CN111962123 A CN 111962123A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
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- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, a piston of an internal combustion engine and application of the piston, and belongs to the field of surface treatment of aluminum alloy. The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part comprises hard oxidation treatment and hard nitridation treatment, wherein the hard oxidation treatment is firstly carried out on the surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece to form a porous oxide film, and then the hard nitridation treatment is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece to form a nitriding layer, so that the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is obtained; the piston body of the internal combustion engine sequentially comprises a porous oxide film and a nitriding layer from inside to outside; the internal combustion engine piston can be applied to motorcycles and automobiles, the obtained aluminum alloy workpiece has a small thermal expansion coefficient and high wear resistance, and is simultaneously suitable for high-silicon aluminum alloy and low-silicon aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a surface treatment method of aluminum alloy, and particularly relates to a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, a piston of an internal combustion engine and application of the piston.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the performance of the automobile engine, the application range of the automobile internal combustion engine is also continuously expanded. It is known from previous experience that frictional wear is a major cause of impact on the life of automotive internal combustion engines. Once parts in the automobile are abraded, serious influence is caused, the use condition of an internal combustion engine in the automobile is influenced, and the overall safety and stability of the automobile are further influenced. The working efficiency, the reliability and the safety of the automobile are seriously influenced due to the abrasion of parts of the automobile internal combustion engine. Meanwhile, once the piston is worn in all parts which can affect the internal combustion engine, the consequences are very serious, because the heat in the whole internal combustion engine cannot be dissipated timely due to the wear of the piston, the heat intensity of the piston can be reduced, if the situation occurs, the cylinder pulling in the internal combustion engine is also affected to the maximum extent, the breakage accident and the like can occur, and the safety and the stability of the automobile internal combustion engine and the automobile are greatly reduced. When the automobile runs, if the heat absorbed by the piston can not be transmitted out in time, the heat intensity of the piston is reduced, and even the cylinder is pulled and the piston is cracked, so that the performance of the automobile internal combustion engine and the service life of the automobile are greatly influenced. In recent years, the requirements of laws and regulations of various countries around the world on the carbon emission of automobiles are more strict, and the light weight of the automobiles is one of effective ways for reducing energy consumption and carbon emission. In the process, the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is widely applied to pistons of clutches of automobiles and motorcycles, which requires that the pistons of the internal combustion engines are oil-saving, powerful and durable, and the aim is achieved, so the wear resistance of the pistons of the internal combustion engines is the problem to be solved firstly.
Because the batches of the pistons of manufacturers are different, the silicon-aluminum component contents of the pistons are different, and the piston with good quality is a product with high silicon content, the thermal expansion coefficient of the piston can be small, and the clearance matched with the oil cylinder at the later stage can also be small; the piston with poor quality, namely a product with low silicon content, has a large thermal expansion coefficient, and a clearance matched with the oil cylinder is correspondingly increased. In order to reduce the cost, the wear resistance of the piston sold in the existing market is poor, the thermal expansion coefficient is large, and the problem that the piston is worn greatly due to thermal deformation and expansion of the piston is avoided, so that the fit clearance between the piston and the oil cylinder steel body is required to be large in the using process. Meanwhile, the fit clearance is large, firstly, air leakage is generated, secondly, unnecessary friction is formed between the piston and air, thirdly, insufficient combustion is caused, and the power of the vehicle is insufficient, for example, an imported vehicle can reach 8.3 horsepower, but after the same preparation is made into a home, only 7.4 horsepower can be achieved, the oil consumption of the latter is higher, the piston quality is a main factor, and the piston of the existing internal combustion engine cannot meet the use requirement. The inventor tries to measure the expansion coefficient of the piston in the using process in order to solve the problem, but the expansion coefficient of the piston is difficult to measure after the piston is heated in the using process, and the expansion condition of the piston can be judged only through the clearance between the piston and the oil cylinder. Therefore, it is the research direction of the inventors to solve the wear resistance of the piston.
Through search, the Chinese patent application No. 95109616.8, published as 1996, 2/14, discloses a piston of an internal combustion engine and a manufacturing method thereof. The piston for an internal combustion engine of the patent is made of an aluminum alloy having a high silicon content, and is characterized in that a porous anodic oxidation protective film is formed in the vicinity of a pin boss portion of the piston, and a lubricant made of molybdenum sulfide or a fluorine-based resin is impregnated into the porous protective film. The manufacturing method of the piston comprises the following steps: the surface of the piston is anodized to form a porous oxide film, and the lubricant is impregnated with the porous oxide film after removing an unnecessary oxide film or after masking a portion other than the vicinity of the pin boss portion of the piston to form an oxide film. Since the thermal deformation of the pin boss portion is extremely small, the movement of the piston pin is not hindered even under high temperature conditions of high air-fuel ratio, and problems such as engine failure do not occur. However, the piston material for the internal combustion engine of the patent requires a high-silicon aluminum alloy, the thermal expansion coefficient of the high-silicon aluminum alloy is smaller than that of a low-silicon aluminum alloy, and the method cannot meet the requirement of enhancing the wear resistance of the low-silicon aluminum alloy, and the details are shown in a comparative example 1.
For another example, chinese patent application No. 201680015171.9, published as 2017, 12 and 01, discloses a piston for an internal combustion engine and a surface treatment method for the piston. This patent can reduce the coefficient of fluid lubrication friction of the outer peripheral surface of the skirt portion. A piston of an internal combustion engine has at least one electrodeposited film on an outer peripheral surface of a skirt portion that slides relative to an inner wall of a cylinder block. However, the patent still fails to meet the requirement of low silicon aluminum alloy on wear resistance.
For another example, chinese patent application No. 200680032167.X, published as 2008/8/27, discloses a method for manufacturing a piston ring for an internal combustion engine and a piston ring manufactured by the method. The manufacturing method of the patent comprises the following steps: machining a metal strip to include at least one bevel to form at least a portion of a side of a piston ring to be produced; the piston ring is produced from a metal strip, the outer surface of which consists of an inner ring surface, an outer ring surface, and an upper side and a lower side. The piston ring is subjected to surface hardening treatment. Further, the present invention provides a piston ring for an internal combustion engine, the outer surface of which is composed of an inner ring surface and an outer ring surface, and an upper side surface and a lower side surface, and the outer surface of which is covered with a hardened layer of uniform thickness. However, this patent is directed to hardening of piston rings, which is not an aluminum alloy but a steel material, and it is a common treatment method in the field of steel materials to carry out surface hardening such as nitriding on a steel material, but the aluminum alloy material has a low melting point and is not generally nitrided on an aluminum alloy, so that it is not easy to think of nitriding on the surface of an engine piston of an aluminum alloy, and even impossible to carry out the nitriding treatment,
in the literature, the inventor does not seek how to enhance the wear resistance of the low-silicon aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, especially the surface treatment of the piston of the internal combustion engine, so that under the condition of not choosing good or bad material quality of the piston of the internal combustion engine, the surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is sought, the use requirements of various quality aluminum alloy parts are met, and the obtained wear-resistant part, such as the piston of the internal combustion engine, has better wear resistance, and is needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem of poor wear resistance of the existing aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, the invention provides a surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part, and the wear resistance of the obtained aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is better by optimizing the surface treatment method of the wear-resistant part. In particular, the surface treatment method based on the invention obtains the piston of the internal combustion engine, so that the piston can still normally work under special conditions of high temperature, high cold, oxygen deficiency and the like, has more power and reduces the fuel quantity.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part comprises hard oxidation treatment and hard nitridation treatment, wherein the hard oxidation treatment is firstly carried out on the surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece to form a porous oxide film, and then the hard nitridation treatment is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece to form a nitriding layer, so that the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is obtained, wherein the aluminum alloy workpiece is a silicon-containing aluminum alloy and comprises a high-silicon aluminum alloy and a low-silicon aluminum alloy.
Further, the hard oxidation treatment is anodic oxidation treatment, and mainly aims to improve various performances of aluminum and aluminum alloy, including corrosion resistance, wear resistance, weather resistance, insulativity, adsorbability and the like, and the process comprises the following steps: the aluminum alloy workpiece is taken as an anode and is completely immersed into electrolyte consisting of solution containing oxalic acid sulfate, propylene glycol, sulfosalicylic acid or other inorganic acid or organic acid or mixture thereof, and a porous oxide film is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece after electrolysis, wherein the thickness of the porous oxide film is less than or equal to 10 mu m.
Further, when the aluminum alloy workpiece is a piston of an internal combustion engine, the process steps are as follows: immersing the piston as an anode into an electrolyte composed of a solution containing oxalic acid sulfate, propylene glycol, sulfosalicylic acid or other inorganic acid or organic acid or a mixture thereof, and forming a porous oxide film on the surface of the piston after electrolysis, wherein the thickness of the porous oxide film is less than or equal to 10 μm.
Furthermore, the electrolysis time in the hard oxidation treatment is 10-60 min, and the current density is at least 2.5A/dm.
Further, the process steps of the hard nitridation treatment include, but are not limited to: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy workpiece subjected to the hard oxidation treatment in a nitriding furnace at the temperature of 525-560 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-7 hours, cooling the furnace to room temperature, and repeating for 5-7 times.
Further, a DLC coating is coated after the hard nitriding treatment.
Further, after the hard nitriding treatment or on the DLC coating, a solid lubricant is sprayed and dried to form a film.
Further, the solid lubricant is molybdenum disulfide.
The internal combustion engine piston obtained by the surface treatment method sequentially comprises a porous oxide film and a nitriding layer from inside to outside on a piston body of the internal combustion engine.
Further, a DLC coating is arranged on the nitriding layer.
Further, a solid lubricant layer is sprayed on the nitriding layer or the DLC coating.
Further, the solid lubricant layer is a molybdenum dioxide lubricating film.
The application of the piston of the internal combustion engine in manufacturing motorcycles and automobiles.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the aluminum alloy workpiece obtained by the surface treatment method has the advantages of small thermal expansion coefficient, high wear resistance, high compression ratio and small vibration, and is simultaneously suitable for high-silicon aluminum alloy and low-silicon aluminum alloy, so that the high-silicon aluminum alloy can be further improved under the condition of good performance (thermal expansion coefficient, wear resistance and the like), and is particularly obvious when being particularly used for the low-silicon aluminum alloy workpiece, the high-silicon aluminum alloy workpiece has the advantages that the high-silicon aluminum alloy workpiece has short service life and poor wear resistance, can reach the performance of high-quality aluminum alloy materials, and reduces the cost;
(2) after the internal combustion engine piston is subjected to hard oxidation treatment, on one hand, a porous oxide film is formed on the surface of the internal combustion engine piston to play a role in protecting the piston, on the other hand, the expansion coefficient is also reduced, and the deformation amount at high temperature is small; meanwhile, the aluminum alloy is different from steel, has small melting point, can deform or even melt during direct high-temperature nitriding treatment, and cannot ensure the size of a workpiece, so that the invention carries out hard oxidation treatment before hard nitriding treatment to form a porous oxide film, the porous oxide film protects the aluminum alloy from deformation, and holes of the oxide film ensure the success of nitriding; in conclusion, the invention firstly achieves the excellent performances of high temperature resistance, small thermal expansion, high surface hardness, wear resistance and the like through the hard oxygen treatment, and then carries out the hard nitrogen treatment to remove the non-wear-resistant part on the surface, strengthen the wear resistance of the two walls outside the piston and further achieve the required indexes;
(3) the internal combustion engine piston can reduce the fit clearance between the piston and the oil cylinder, and the existing piston has large thermal expansion coefficient and poor wear resistance, must be provided with a large clearance and is easy to scrap when in use; and little fit clearance will directly lead to the vehicle power problem, firstly can reduce the production gas leakage condition, secondly reduces to form the unnecessary friction between piston and the gas, and thirdly the burning is more abundant, and vehicle power is powerful, and the oil consumption is also less.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph 1 of a piston after surface treatment in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph 2 of a piston after surface treatment in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the position of a sanded portion of a piston after surface treatment in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a piston after grinding without the treatment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a photograph of the piston after the surface treatment of example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
The following examples are directed to the surface treatment of a piston for a motorcycle internal combustion engine having a mass of 0.1kg, and the treatment method of other aluminum alloy wear resistant members is the same as that of the piston.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the surface treatment is carried out on the piston of the internal combustion engine of the motorcycle by adopting 0.1kg of low-silicon aluminum alloy, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the hard oxidation treatment (anodic oxidation treatment) in this example is a processing treatment performed by certain aluminum product limited company, shenzhen, and the processing steps are as follows: placing the piston in 300g/L high-concentration sulfuric acid, and electrolyzing for 30min by using the piston as an anode and a lead plate as a cathode to form a porous oxide film thinner than 10 μm, wherein the current density is at least 2.5A/dm;
(2) then, hard nitriding treatment is performed, and the hard nitriding treatment in this embodiment is performed by a heat treatment factory in Jiangning district, Nanjing, and includes the following steps: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy workpiece subjected to the hard oxidation treatment in a nitriding furnace at 525 ℃, preserving the heat for 5h, cooling the furnace to room temperature, repeating the process for 5 times, and performing the whole process for 3 days to obtain the piston as shown in figures 1 and 2.
The piston obtained in the embodiment is polished by using sand paper, the film substances on the surface of the piston can be polished after 20-30 s, the film substances on the surface are films formed under a high-temperature process and inevitably formed films in thermal processing, dust can be adhered to the films, the films can be removed or not removed in the using process, the removed piston is bright and smooth as shown in figure 3, the friction resistance is small, and the piston is hardly abraded after a continuous abrasion test, which shows that the piston obtained by the treatment method provided by the invention has good abrasion resistance.
Meanwhile, the piston which is not treated in the market is sanded, and obvious scratches are generated by slight rubbing, and the wear resistance is poor, as shown in figure 4.
Example 2
This example was conducted by applying a DLC coating, commonly known as a diamond-like coating, on the basis of example 1, which was processed by ningbo nano coating limited, and which was a substance composed of carbon elements, similar in properties to diamond, and having a graphite atom-constituting structure, and which was an amorphous film having high hardness and high elastic modulus, a low friction factor, wear resistance, and good vacuum tribological properties. The specific whole surface treatment method is as follows:
(1) the hard oxidation treatment (anodic oxidation treatment) in this example is a processing treatment performed by certain aluminum product limited company, shenzhen, and the processing steps are as follows: placing the piston in 385g/L sulfuric acid and 15g/L oxalic acid as electrolyte, and electrolyzing for 30min by using the piston as an anode and a lead plate as a cathode to form a porous oxide film thinner than 10 mu m, wherein the current density is at least 2.5A/dm;
(2) then, hard nitriding treatment is performed, and the hard nitriding treatment in this embodiment is performed by a heat treatment factory in Jiangning district, Nanjing, and includes the following steps: placing the aluminum alloy workpiece subjected to the hard oxidation treatment in a nitriding furnace at 525 ℃, preserving the heat for 7 hours, cooling the furnace to room temperature, repeating the process for 7 times, and performing the whole process for 5 days to obtain the internal combustion engine piston of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;
(3) and finally, coating the DLC coating by adopting a PVD treatment method, wherein the specific preparation steps comprise:
a. removing surface film substances from the piston in the step (2), and then carrying out ultrasonic cleaning treatment;
b. drying the cleaned piston in a vacuum drying box in vacuum;
c. clamping a piston on a workpiece holder of a PVD vacuum coating machine, and pushing the piston into a cavity of the PVD vacuum coating machine;
d. sealing the cavity of the PVD vacuum coating machine and vacuumizing;
e. when the vacuum pressure reaches 5.0 x 10-3Heating to 200-300 ℃ when Pa is needed;
f. when the vacuum pressure reaches 1.0 x 10-3Beginning preparation of the modulation structure, deposition of the soft layer, and deposition of the hard layer on the soft layer when Pa is below: introduction of N2Depositing a soft layer by a magnetron sputtering method until the pressure reaches 0.05Pa, starting a magnetron sputtering target source, applying a bias voltage of 300-1000V on the substrate material, adjusting the current to 10-15A, setting the deposition time to be 5-10min, depositing the soft layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.10 mu m, and closing the magnetron sputtering target source; introducing hydrocarbon carbon-containing gas, starting an ion source power supply, applying a bias voltage of 300-1000V on the substrate material, adjusting the current to 1-5A, setting the deposition time to be 0-30min, depositing a hard layer with the thickness of 0.10-0.80 μm, and closing the ion source power supply.
S7, repeating the step S6 to obtain the DLC coating with the thickness of 23 μm.
The piston obtained in the embodiment is polished by using sand paper, and the film substances on the surface of the piston can be polished after 20-30 s, wherein the film substances on the surface are films formed under a high-temperature process and inevitably formed films in thermal processing, dust can be adhered, the film substances can be removed or not removed in the using process, the removed piston is bright and smooth, the friction resistance is small, and after the abrasion test is continued, the piston is better in abrasion performance compared with the embodiment and hardly abraded, which shows that the piston obtained by the treatment method disclosed by the invention is good in abrasion resistance.
In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to further enhance the wear resistance of the piston, a thin layer of molybdenum dioxide spray (dry lubricant) (product of jiadan corporation, model JD-9508) is sprayed on the surface of the piston treated in examples 1 and 2 (the surface of the piston is removed to form a film substance due to the process), and after spraying and drying, the obtained surface of the piston has a molybdenum dioxide lubricating film, which can resist low temperature and perform excellent lubricating function in an ultrahigh temperature environment of 1087 ℃, and the molybdenum dioxide lubricating film has strong adhesion and is not easy to fall off, is durable and wear-resistant, and further enhances the wear resistance of the piston.
Comparative example 1
The inventors have carried out hard oxidation treatment only on the piston of example 1 based on example 1 to prove that the hard nitriding treatment of example 1 is feasible, and the results show that: the piston skirt is significantly less wear resistant.
Comparative example 2
The inventor performs hard nitriding treatment on the piston alone on the basis of the embodiment 1, and only performs hard nitriding treatment on the piston of the embodiment 1, and the result shows that: after the piston enters a nitriding furnace and is nitrided and discharged, the piston is seriously deformed and cannot be used.
Claims (10)
1. A surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises hard oxidation treatment and hard nitridation treatment, wherein the hard oxidation treatment is firstly carried out on the surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece to form a porous oxide film, and then the hard nitridation treatment is carried out on the surface of the aluminum alloy workpiece to form a nitriding layer, so that the aluminum alloy wear-resistant part is obtained.
2. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant member according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hard nitriding treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy workpiece subjected to the hard oxidation treatment in a nitriding furnace at the temperature of 525-560 ℃, preserving the heat for 5-7 hours, cooling the furnace to room temperature, and repeating for 5-10 times.
3. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant member according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a DLC coating is also coated after the hard nitriding treatment.
4. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant member as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: and spraying a solid lubricant on the hard nitriding treatment or the DLC coating, and drying to form a film.
5. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy wear-resistant member according to claim 4, characterized in that: the solid lubricant is molybdenum disulfide.
6. A piston for an internal combustion engine obtained by the surface treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the piston body of the internal combustion engine sequentially comprises a porous oxide film and a nitriding layer from inside to outside.
7. An internal combustion engine piston as set forth in claim 6, wherein: and a DLC coating is also arranged on the nitriding layer.
8. An internal combustion engine piston according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: and a solid lubricant layer is also sprayed on the nitriding layer or the DLC coating.
9. An internal combustion engine piston as set forth in claim 8, wherein: the solid lubricant layer is a molybdenum dioxide lubricating film.
10. Use of a piston for an internal combustion engine according to claim 9 for the manufacture of motorcycles or automobiles.
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| CN112855379A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-28 | 马鞍山市小沈车行 | Power control system for water-cooled engine of electric automobile |
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