CN111961959A - Medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum equipment manufacturing, and particularly discloses medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.18 to 0.21%, Si: 0.65-0.85%, Mn: 1.65-1.85%, Cr: 0.9 to 1.1%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, Ni: 1.8-2.1%, V: 0.21-0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities, so that the steel has high strength and toughness. The invention also discloses an ultra-deep well drilling machine hanging ring prepared by the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, the diameter of the ultra-deep well drilling machine hanging ring can reach 150mm, and the use requirement of the ultra-deep well drilling machine hanging ring is met. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the hoisting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine, which is low in cost and short in manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum equipment manufacturing, and particularly relates to medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, an ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hoisting ring is an important hoisting component of an oil drilling machine, is a solid bar forging and mainly bears tensile load and fatigue load. Along with the popularization and application of ultra-deep well drilling machines, the requirement on lifting capacity of the lifting ring is higher and higher, the diameter of the lifting ring is larger and larger, in order to ensure the overall service safety of the lifting ring, the whole section of the lifting ring is required to have consistent mechanical properties, particularly, a material at the center position has high strength and toughness, and the steel for the lifting ring is required to have enough hardenability and toughness. At present, the materials for manufacturing the flying ring mainly comprise 20SiMn2MoV and 20Cr2Ni4, the 20SiMn2MoV has an impact power value of less than 42J at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, so the flying ring cannot be used at a low temperature, and the 20Cr2Ni4 material can meet the requirement on the low-temperature toughness of the flying ring with the diameter of less than 120mm, but is difficult to polish and has low production efficiency. In order to overcome the defects of the 20Cr2Ni4 material, CN201310526082.9 provides a martensite steel component for manufacturing the flying ring, wherein C is more than or equal to 0.19 and less than or equal to 0.24, Si is more than or equal to 0.37, P is more than or equal to 0.015, S is more than or equal to 0.015, Mn is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 2.4, Cr is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 1.4, Ni is more than or equal to 1.7, Mo is more than or equal to 04 and less than or equal to 0.5, V is more than or equal to 0.07 and less than or equal to 0.12. CN100453683 proposes a low-temperature high-strength steel which can be used for manufacturing hoisting rings, and the chemical composition of the steel is C: 0.16 to 0.24, Si: 1.0 to 1.4, Cr: 0.8 to 1.2, Ni: 1.0 to 1.4, Mo:0.2 to 040, V: 0.05-0.2, P is less than or equal to 0.035, S is less than or equal to 0.035, Cu is less than or equal to 0.05 and the balance is iron, and the method can be used for manufacturing 150t lifting rings with the diameter of about 76 mm. Comprehensive analysis shows that the steel for the lifting ring of the drilling machine can meet the requirement on the lifting ring product with the diameter less than 120mm at present, and the current material can not meet the use requirement on the lifting ring product with the cross section diameter of 150mm or even larger diameter for the ultra-deep well drilling machine with the diameter of 9000m or more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel and an ultra-deep well drilling machine lifting ring prepared from the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, which have high strength and toughness and meet the use requirement of the ultra-deep well drilling machine lifting ring.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the hanging ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine, which is simple in manufacturing method and short in manufacturing period.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.18 to 0.21%, Si: 0.65% -0.85%, Mn: 1.65% -1.85%, Cr: 0.9% -1.1%, Mo: 0.5% -0.6%, Ni: 1.8% -2.1%, V: 0.21 to 0.25 percent of iron, 0< S < 0.005 percent and 0< P < 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
Further, the yield strength of the low-carbon martensitic steel is 1227-1291 MPa, the tensile strength is 1419-1473 MPa, the elongation is 14% -16%, and the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ is 56-63J.
The invention also discloses an ultra-deep well drilling machine lifting ring prepared from the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel, wherein the diameter of the ultra-deep well drilling machine lifting ring is 140-155 mm.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the hoisting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion, and refining into a steel billet;
(2) carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter not less than 690mm, heating the ingot uniformly, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350-380 mm, and carrying out annealing treatment after forging;
(3) heating the round steel uniformly, forging to obtain a lifting ring sample with the diameter of 140-155 mm;
(4) heating the hoisting ring sample to 900-910 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, air-cooling to room temperature, then quenching at 870-880 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, then heating to 230 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for more than 4h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine.
Further, in the step (2), the electroslag remelting treatment specifically comprises: the steel billet is baked at the temperature of 350 +/-20 ℃ and subjected to surface rust removal, the molten slag is baked at the temperature of 830 +/-20 ℃, and the melting speed is controlled to be 12-15 kg/min.
Further, in the step (2), the temperature of the annealing treatment is not lower than 400 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 +/-10 ℃, and the forging termination temperature is controlled to be 860 ℃ or higher.
Further, in the step (3), the heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 +/-10 ℃, and the forging termination temperature is controlled to be 860 ℃ or higher.
Further, in the step (4), the cooling mode is air cooling.
Further, in the step (4), water is used as a cooling medium in the quenching treatment process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the hoisting ring material, 0.18-0.21% of C is adopted, the C is a main element determining the strength of steel, the strength of the steel can be improved, the formation of lath martensite in the quenching process is promoted, the content and the performance of a martensite structure can be obviously influenced if the C is too high or too low, and the strength and toughness of the steel are reduced; 0.65-0.85% of Si is used as a deoxidizer to form silicate with oxides in molten steel, so that a steel body is compact, and meanwhile, a proper amount of Si can also improve the hardenability of the steel and improve the temper brittleness temperature range, but the toughness of the steel is reduced due to too high Si content, the reasonable Si content is controlled, and not only is sufficient deoxidation ensured, but also the hardenability and the temper brittleness of the steel are improved; 1.65-1.85% of Mn is adopted, so that the hardenability of the steel can be improved, the Mn is cooperated with C, Si, Cr and Mo, the content and the strength of lath martensite in a quenching structure are improved, and the toughness of the steel is influenced when the content is too high; 0.9 to 1.1 percent of Cr which is a carbide forming element is added and matched with C, Mn and V elements, so that the strength of the steel is improved, the formation of fine and uniform martensite structures in the quenching process is promoted, and when the Cr content is too high, carbide precipitation is easily formed to influence the toughness; adding 0.5-0.6% of Mo, the hardenability of the steel can be improved, carbides are formed, the strength and the low-temperature toughness of the steel are improved, the Mo is cooperated with elements of C, Mn, Cr and Ni, the residual stress in the quenching process is reduced, the deformation in the cooling process is controlled, the tempering brittleness is improved, and the low-temperature toughness and the processing performance are improved; adding 1.8-2.1% of Ni to improve the hardenability of the steel, fully ensuring the low-temperature toughness of the steel, and reducing the deformation in the cooling process by cooperating with C, Mn, Cr and Mo elements; 0.21-0.25% of V is added to cooperate with C, Cr and Ni element to refine crystal grains and form a strengthening phase, so that the toughness matching of the steel is improved, and if the V is too high, segregation is easily caused to reduce the toughness of the steel; the formation of MnS inclusions is controlled by controlling the content of harmful elements S to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, so that the toughness of the steel is ensured; by controlling the harmful element P to be less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the steel is prevented from generating segregation, the structure transformation rate in the heat treatment process is improved, and the uniformity of the microstructure and the performance of the steel is ensured.
Furthermore, by controlling the chemical components of the low-carbon martensitic steel, adopting a certain amount of Ni and Cr, a proper amount of C, Si and Mn elements and a fine-grain strengthening element V, and cooperatively matching the components, the yield strength of the hoisting ring is more than 1200MPa, the tensile strength is more than 1350MPa, the elongation is more than 13%, and the impact absorption energy at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ is more than 50J, so that the toughness of the large-section hoisting ring for the ultra-deep well drilling machine is ensured, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the martensitic steel for the hoisting ring is also effectively controlled.
The ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring prepared by the low-carbon martensite steel has the diameter of 150mm, and meets the use requirement of the ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring.
The preparation method of the hoisting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine disclosed by the invention is simple in process and short in manufacturing period; by controlling the synergistic cooperation of the chemical components of steel, the hardenability of the steel for the hoisting ring is greatly improved, and the hoisting ring sample is subjected to high-temperature quenching treatment, so that the content of lath martensite is obviously higher than that of the currently used material, and the deformation is small; by adopting the low-temperature tempering at 230 +/-10 ℃, the residual stress formed in the quenching process can be fully eliminated, the toughness of the quenched martensite is improved, the appearance of the tempering brittleness is effectively avoided, and the advantage of high strength and toughness of the quenched martensite is fully exerted. According to the invention, the contents of C, Si, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, S and P elements in the chemical components of the steel for the lifting ring are reasonably controlled, the lath martensite structure is obtained by adopting a high-temperature quenching mode through the synergistic cooperation of the chemical elements, the formation of inclusions and harmful structures is greatly reduced, the low-temperature tempering at 230 +/-10 ℃ is adopted, and meanwhile, the deformation and residual stress are controlled in a lower range, so that the high strength and toughness of the steel lifting ring are ensured.
Furthermore, water is adopted in quenching treatment as a cooling medium to obtain a uniform and fine lath martensite structure, so that the excellent performance of the whole section of the flying ring can be ensured, the risk of quenching cracking does not exist, and the cost of the water as the cooling medium is obviously lower than that of various special cooling liquids used at present.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of a hoisting ring obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure diagram of a hoisting ring obtained in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure diagram of a hoisting ring obtained in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of a hoisting ring obtained in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The invention provides medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel for a hoisting ring of an ultra-deep well drilling machine and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.18 to 0.21%, Si: 0.65-0.85%, Mn: 1.65-1.85%, Cr: 0.9 to 1.1%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, Ni: 1.8-2.1%, V: 0.21-0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
The technical scheme of the manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
(1) refining the steel billet into a steel billet, wherein the steel billet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.18 to 0.21%, Si: 0.65-0.85%, Mn: 1.65-1.85%, Cr: 0.9 to 1.1%, Mo: 0.5-0.6%, Ni: 1.8-2.1%, V: 0.21-0.25%, S is less than or equal to 0.005%, P is less than or equal to 0.01%, and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities.
(2) Carrying out electroslag remelting on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter of more than 690mm, uniformly heating the ingot at 1200 +/-10 ℃, forging, controlling the forging starting temperature to 1190 ℃, controlling the forging stopping temperature to 880 ℃, forging to obtain round steel for a lifting ring, and reducing the surface temperature to be not lower than 400 ℃ after forging and carrying out furnace annealing treatment;
(3) reheating the round steel to 1200 +/-10 ℃, forging, controlling the forging termination temperature to be above 860 ℃, and forging to obtain a lifting ring sample with the diameter of 140-155 mm;
(4) heating the ring product to 900-910 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, air-cooling to room temperature, then heating to 870-880 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, quenching, heating to 230 +/-10 ℃ with water as a quenching medium, preserving heat for more than 4h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature.
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for preparing a flying ring, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in table 1, the steel slab is refined by the following components, by mass:
c: 0.18 percent; si: 0.65 percent; mn: 1.65 percent; cr: 0.9 percent; mo: 0.5 percent; ni: 1.8 percent; v: 0.21 percent; s: 0.005% and P: 0.009%, the balance being iron and inevitable impurities.
(2) Carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain a casting ingot with the diameter of 690mm, heating the casting ingot uniformly, forging the casting ingot at the heating temperature of 1200 ℃, controlling the final forging temperature to be more than 880 ℃, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350 mm-360 mm, and reducing the surface temperature to 400 ℃ after the forging and carrying out furnace annealing treatment;
(4) re-heating the round steel to 1200 ℃, forging, controlling the finish forging temperature to be more than 880 ℃, and forging to obtain a hoisting ring sample with the diameter of 150 mm;
(5) heating a hoisting ring sample to 900 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, cooling to room temperature in air, then heating to 870 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, quenching, wherein a quenching medium is water, then heating to 230 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring.
The mechanical property test of the hoisting ring obtained in this example was carried out, as shown in table 2, the yield strength was 1419MPa, the tensile strength was 1227MPa, the elongation was 14%, the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ was 61J, and the metallographic microstructure was shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for preparing a flying ring, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in the table 1 below, the following examples,
the steel billet is refined into a steel billet by the following components in percentage by mass:
c: 0.21 percent; si: 0.85 percent; mn: 1.85 percent; cr: 1.1 percent; mo: 0.6 percent; ni: 2.1 percent; v: 0.25 percent; s: 0.002% and P: 0.01% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
(2) Carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter of 870mm, uniformly heating the ingot to 1210 ℃ for forging, controlling the forging termination temperature to be above 860 ℃, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350 mm-360 mm, and reducing the surface temperature to 450 ℃ after forging and carrying out furnace annealing treatment;
(4) re-heating the round steel to 1200 ℃, forging, controlling the finish forging temperature to 880 ℃, and forging to obtain a hoisting ring sample with the diameter of 140 mm;
(5) heating a hoisting ring sample to 910 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, air-cooling to room temperature, then heating to 880 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, quenching, wherein a quenching medium is water, then heating to 240 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring.
The mechanical property test of the hoisting ring obtained in this example was carried out, as shown in table 2, the yield strength was 1473MPa, the tensile strength was 1291MPa, the elongation was 14%, the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ was 56J, and the metallographic microstructure was shown in fig. 1.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for preparing a flying ring, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in table 1, the steel slab is refined by the following components, by mass:
c: 0.19 percent; si: 0.71 percent; mn: 1.85 percent; cr: 1.0 percent; mo: 0.56 percent; ni: 2.1 percent; v: 0.21 percent; s: 0.002% and P: 0.007% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
(2) Carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter of 690mm, heating the ingot uniformly, forging the ingot at the heating temperature of 1210 ℃, controlling the end temperature of forging to be above 860 ℃, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350 mm-360 mm, and reducing the surface temperature to 420 ℃ after the forging and carrying out furnace annealing treatment;
(4) re-heating the round steel to 1210 ℃, forging, controlling the finish forging temperature to 880 ℃, and forging to obtain a hoisting ring sample with the diameter of 145 mm;
(5) heating a hoisting ring sample to 905 ℃, preserving heat for 3.5h, air-cooling to room temperature, then heating to 880 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, quenching, wherein a quenching medium is water, then heating to 230 ℃, preserving heat for 5h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring.
The mechanical property test of the hoisting ring obtained in the example was carried out, as shown in table 2, the yield strength was 1455MPa, the tensile strength was 1230MPa, the elongation was 16%, the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ was 63J, and the metallographic microstructure was shown in fig. 3.
Example 4
The invention discloses a method for preparing a flying ring, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in table 1, the steel slab is refined by the following components, by mass:
c: 0.21 percent; si: 0.65 percent; mn: 1.75 percent; cr: 1.1 percent; mo: 0.5 percent; ni: 2.0 percent; v: 0.23 percent; s: 0.005% and P: 0.007% and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
(2) Carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter of 690mm, heating the ingot uniformly, forging the ingot at the heating temperature of 1205 ℃, controlling the end temperature of forging to be above 860 ℃, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350 mm-360 mm, and reducing the surface temperature to 430 ℃ after the forging and carrying out furnace annealing treatment;
(4) re-heating the round steel to 1200 ℃, forging, controlling the finish forging temperature to 880 ℃, and forging to obtain a hoisting ring sample with the diameter of 155 mm;
(5) heating the hoisting ring sample to 910 ℃, preserving heat for 4h, air-cooling to room temperature, then heating to 875 ℃, preserving heat for 3h, quenching, wherein the quenching medium is water, then heating to 235 ℃, preserving heat for 6h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring.
The mechanical property test of the hoisting ring obtained in the embodiment is performed, as shown in table 2, the yield strength is 1460MPa, the tensile strength is 1245MPa, the elongation is 15%, the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ is 58J, and the metallographic microstructure is shown in fig. 4.
The electroslag remelting treatment process specifically comprises the following steps: the steel billet is baked at the temperature of 350 +/-20 ℃ and subjected to surface rust removal, the molten slag is baked at the temperature of 830 +/-20 ℃, and the melting speed is controlled to be 12-15 kg/min.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of the steels (Wt,%)
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Ni | V | S | P | |
| Example 1 | 0.18 | 0.65 | 1.65 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.8 | 0.21 | 0.005 | 0.009 |
| Example 2 | 0.21 | 0.85 | 1.85 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 0.25 | 0.002 | 0.01 |
| Example 3 | 0.19 | 0.71 | 1.85 | 1.0 | 0.56 | 2.1 | 0.21 | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Example 4 | 0.21 | 0.65 | 1.75 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.23 | 0.005 | 0.007 |
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the steels
| Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/percent | Impact absorption energy (-20 deg.C.)/J | |
| Example 1 | 1419 | 1227 | 14 | 61 |
| Example 2 | 1473 | 1291 | 14 | 56 |
| Example 3 | 1455 | 1230 | 16 | 63 |
| Example 4 | 1460 | 1245 | 15 | 58 |
Claims (10)
1. The medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.18 to 0.21%, Si: 0.65% -0.85%, Mn: 1.65% -1.85%, Cr: 0.9% -1.1%, Mo: 0.5% -0.6%, Ni: 1.8% -2.1%, V: 0.21 to 0.25 percent of iron, 0< S < 0.005 percent and 0< P < 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
2. The medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yield strength of the low-carbon martensitic steel is 1227-1291 MPa, the tensile strength is 1419-1473 MPa, the elongation is 14-16%, and the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ is 56-63J.
3. The ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring prepared from the medium-manganese low-carbon martensitic steel as claimed in claim 1-2 is characterized in that the diameter of the ultra-deep well drilling rig hoisting ring is 140-155 mm.
4. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine, disclosed by claim 3, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion, and refining into a steel billet;
(2) carrying out electroslag remelting treatment on a billet to obtain an ingot with the diameter not less than 690mm, heating the ingot uniformly, forging to obtain round steel with the diameter of 350-380 mm, and carrying out annealing treatment after forging;
(3) heating the round steel uniformly, forging to obtain a lifting ring sample with the diameter of 140-155 mm;
(4) heating the hoisting ring sample to 900-910 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, air-cooling to room temperature, then quenching at 870-880 ℃, preserving heat for 3-4 h, then heating to 230 +/-10 ℃, preserving heat for more than 4h, and furnace-cooling to room temperature to obtain the hoisting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine.
5. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the electroslag remelting treatment specifically comprises the following steps: the steel billet is baked at the temperature of 350 +/-20 ℃ and subjected to surface rust removal, the molten slag is baked at the temperature of 830 +/-20 ℃, and the melting speed is controlled to be 12-15 kg/min.
6. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the annealing temperature is not lower than 400 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 +/-10 ℃, and the forging termination temperature is controlled to be more than 860 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to the claim 4, wherein in the step (3), the heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 +/-10 ℃, and the forging termination temperature is controlled to be more than 860 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the cooling mode is air cooling.
10. The method for preparing the lifting ring of the ultra-deep well drilling machine according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), water is used as a cooling medium in the quenching treatment process.
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