CN111961504A - Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111961504A
CN111961504A CN202010877642.5A CN202010877642A CN111961504A CN 111961504 A CN111961504 A CN 111961504A CN 202010877642 A CN202010877642 A CN 202010877642A CN 111961504 A CN111961504 A CN 111961504A
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cyclone separator
gas
organic solid
gasification reactor
reactor
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余昭胜
韦琛
马晓茜
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1853—Steam reforming, i.e. injection of steam only

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes, which comprises a drying chamber, a feeder, a gasification reactor, a first return feeder, an air reactor and a second return feeder, wherein the drying chamber is connected with the gasification reactor through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor, the oxygen carrier is loaded with a zeolite catalyst, the gasification reactor is connected with the air reactor through the first return feeder, the top of the air reactor is connected with a first cyclone separator, the top of the first cyclone separator is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor through the second return feeder, the top of the gasification reactor is connected with a second cyclone separator, the top of the second cyclone separator is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor. The quality improvement of the pyrolysis gas can be realized, and the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas can be effectively reduced. The invention also relates to a method for preparing combustible gas from the organic solid waste.

Description

Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, in particular to a device and a method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste.
Background
With the promotion of urbanization and the improvement of the living standard of residents, the yield of urban solid waste in China is increased rapidly. At present, the main treatment modes of organic solid wastes are landfill, composting and heat treatment. The method for treating the tar, which is efficient, clean, convenient and stable to operate and economical, is a problem to be solved urgently in the development of the organic solid waste pyrolysis gasification technology.
The existing method for treating solid waste pyrolysis tar mainly comprises a physical method and a thermochemical method. The physical methods include wet methods and dry methods, mainly remove tar from product gas physically, cannot utilize the energy of the tar, and cause secondary pollution. Thermochemical processes include thermal cracking and catalytic cracking. Thermal cracking has high requirements for operating temperature and is difficult to realize in the actual production process.
The prior art discloses a device which takes iron ore and quicklime as an oxygen carrier and a carbon carrier, and generates tar and CO by gasification reaction with water vapor and biomass fuel at 650-750 DEG C2Low content of combustible gas. However, the quicklime is easy to break in the circulating process, the recycling frequency is limited, and the like, and a large amount of fresh limestone needs to be added in the actual running process, so that the running cost is high. And the quicklime has a limited tar removal effect, and heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process of the solid waste covers the quicklime and the iron ore, so that the gasification efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is as follows: the device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste is provided with the oxygen carrier loaded with the zeolite catalyst, can realize the reforming and quality improvement of pyrolysis gas, effectively reduces the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas, and solves the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is gradually reduced when the oxygen carrier is used.
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the second purpose of the invention is as follows: the method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes is characterized in that a zeolite catalyst is loaded on an oxygen carrier used for chemical looping gasification, so that pyrolysis gas reforming quality improvement can be realized, the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas is effectively reduced, the yield and the quality of product gas are improved, and the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is gradually reduced when the oxygen carrier is used is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes, which comprises a drying chamber, a feeder and a gasification reactor, the drying chamber is connected with the gasification reactor through a feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor and loaded with zeolite catalyst, the gasification reactor is connected with the air reactor through the first feeder, the bottom of the air reactor is provided with an air inlet, the top of the air reactor is connected with a first cyclone separator, the top of the first cyclone separator is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor through a second feeder, the bottom of the gasification reactor is provided with a steam inlet, the top of the gasification reactor is connected with a second cyclone separator, the top of the second cyclone separator is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor.
Further, the gas outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, water is stored in the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is provided with a smoke outlet.
Further, the bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet, and the flue gas outlet is connected with the flue gas inlet.
Further, a water vapor outlet is arranged at the top of the drying chamber.
Further, a spray tower is arranged on one side of the second cyclone separator, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the lower portion of the spray tower, a slurry outlet, a spray pipe, a demister and a gas outlet are sequentially arranged on the spray tower from bottom to top, the spray pipe is used for spraying lime slurry, and the demister is used for removing moisture.
Furthermore, a third cyclone separator is arranged between the second cyclone separator and the spray tower, two ends of the third cyclone separator are respectively connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator and the lower part of the spray tower, and the bottom of the third cyclone separator is provided with an ash discharge port.
Further, a gas outlet of the spray tower is connected with a gas storage tank.
A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes comprises the following steps,
drying the organic solid waste particles in a drying chamber and then feeding the dried organic solid waste particles into a gasification reactor through a feeder;
introducing steam into the bottom of the gasification reactor to enable organic solid waste particles in the gasification reactor to be in a bubbling fluidized state, carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles, an oxygen carrier and the steam in the gasification reactor to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular olefin and alkane by using a zeolite catalyst loaded on the oxygen carrier;
the semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers enter an air reactor through a first return feeder, air is introduced into the bottom of the air reactor, semicoke particles in the air reactor are in a fast fluidized state, the semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat, and a part of oxygen carriers and zeolite catalysts loaded in a part of oxygen carriers are respectively calcined, oxidized and regenerated into regenerated oxygen carriers and regenerated zeolite catalysts;
the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst enter a first cyclone separator, smoke generated by oxidizing and burning the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst return to the gasification reactor through a second return feeder;
the primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of the oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator through the top of the gasification reactor, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, and the other part of the oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor through the bottom of the second cyclone separator.
Further, after the flue gas generated by the oxidation and combustion of the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, the method also comprises the following steps,
and (3) introducing the flue gas into a waste heat boiler, heating water in the waste heat boiler by the flue gas, and introducing the flue gas exhausted by the waste heat boiler into a drying chamber to dry organic solid waste particles.
Further, after the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, the method also comprises the following steps,
and separating the primary pyrolysis gas by a third cyclone separator, introducing the separated primary pyrolysis gas into a spray tower, spraying lime slurry and demisting in the spray tower, and then discharging the gas to a gas storage tank for storage.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) organic solid wastes are used as raw materials to prepare high-quality pyrolysis gas fuel, the wastes are recycled, and the increasing shortage of energy and the related environmental problems caused by utilization can be relieved;
(2) organic solid waste is gasified by chemical chain circulation, air separation equipment can be saved by introducing an oxygen carrier, the system investment is reduced, and the oxygen carrier can catalytically convert gasified tar while supplying heat for gasification reaction;
(3) zeolite is used as a cracking catalyst to be loaded on an oxygen carrier, and heavy tar in the product gas is further cracked into combustible gas by utilizing the selectivity of the cracking catalyst, so that the yield and the quality of the gas are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-zeolite catalyst, 2-gasification reactor, 3-air reactor, 4-spray tower, 5-slurry pump, 6-slurry tank, 7-gas storage tank, 8-drying chamber, 9-1-first return feeder, 9-2-second return feeder, 10-1-first-stage screw feeder, 10-2-second-stage screw feeder, 11-first cyclone separator, 12-second cyclone separator, 13-third cyclone separator, 14-waste heat boiler, 15-demister, 16-spray pipe, A-air, B-water vapour, C-fly ash, D-ash, E-organic solid waste particles, F-flue gas, G-slurry and H-water.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
As shown in figure 1, the device for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes comprises a drying chamber 8, a feeder, a gasification reactor 2, a first return feeder 9-1, an air reactor 3 and a second return feeder 9-2, wherein the drying chamber 8 is connected with the gasification reactor 2 through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor 2 and loaded with a zeolite catalyst 1, the gasification reactor 2 is connected with the air reactor 3 through the first return feeder 9-1, the bottom of the air reactor 3 is provided with an air inlet, the top of the air reactor 3 is connected with a first cyclone separator 11, the top of the first cyclone separator 11 is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator 11 is connected with the gasification reactor 2 through the second return feeder 9-2, the bottom of the gasification reactor 2 is provided with a water vapor inlet, the top of the gasification reactor 2 is connected with a second cyclone separator 12, the top of the second cyclone separator 12 is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12 is connected with the gasification reactor 2.
Specifically, the organic solid waste particles E after being crushed enter a drying chamber 8 through a primary screw feeder 10-1, and the drying chamber 8 dries the organic solid waste particles E.
The feeder between the drying chamber 8 and the gasification reactor 2 is a two-stage screw feeder 10-2. And the dried organic solid waste particles E enter the gasification reactor 2 through a secondary screw feeder 10-2, a steam inlet is formed in the bottom of the gasification reactor 2, and the organic solid waste particles E in the gasification reactor 2 are in a bubbling fluidization state by introducing steam B into the steam inlet. The gasification reactor 2 is provided with a first heating device, and the organic solid waste particles E, the oxygen carrier and the water vapor B are subjected to gasification reaction at the temperature of 700-800 ℃ by heating of the first heating device to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and the related reaction principle is as follows:
CnHmOx→ coke + tar + syngas (CO, H)2、CO2、CH4、CnHm)； (1)
CO+MyOz→CO2+MyOz-1； (2)
H2+MyOz→H2O+MyOz-1； (3)
CH4+4MyOz→2H2O+CO2+4MyOz-1； (4)
C+2MyOz→CO2+2MyOz-1； (5)
Meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the oxygen carrier cracks the heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into small-molecule olefins and alkanes, and the related reaction principle is as follows:
cracking of alkanes to form alkenes and smaller alkanes: cnH2n+2→CmH2m+CpH2p+2； (6)
Dealkylation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons: ArCnH2n+1→ArH+CnH2n； (7)
Semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers generated in the gasification reactor 2 enter the air reactor 3 through a first material returning device 9-1, and air A is introduced into the bottom of the first material returning device 9-1; an air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the air reactor 3, and air A is introduced into the air inlet to ensure that the semicoke particles in the air reactor 3 are in a fast fluidized state. The air reactor 3 is provided with a second heating device, the semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat through the heating of the second heating device, under the condition of 900-1000 ℃, a part of oxygen carrier and the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the part of oxygen carrier are calcined and oxidized to regenerate a regenerated oxygen carrier and a regenerated zeolite catalyst 1, and the relevant reaction principle is as follows:
2MyOz-1+O2→2MyOz。 (8)
the bottom of the air reactor 3 is provided with a slag discharge port, ash D generated by combustion is discharged through the slag discharge port, then the regenerated oxygen carrier and the zeolite catalyst 1 enter the first cyclone separator 11, high-temperature flue gas F generated by combustion flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator 11, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 flow into the second material returning device 9-2 through a solid particle outlet at the bottom of the first cyclone separator 11 and then return to the gasification reactor 2.
The primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of oxygen carriers generated in the gasification reactor 2 enter the second cyclone separator 12 through the top of the gasification reactor 2, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, and the other part of oxygen carriers return to the gasification reactor 2 after passing through a solid particle outlet at the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12.
The device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention simultaneously combines two processes of chemical chain gasification and catalytic cracking, so that the content of tar in the product gas can be effectively reduced, and the yield and the quality of the product gas are improved; the zeolite catalyst 1 is loaded on an oxygen carrier for chemical looping gasification, the zeolite catalyst 1 cannot be broken and can be recycled for multiple times, and meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 has a large specific area, and a unique pore structure and an internal acidic catalytic site can enable macromolecules in pyrolysis gas to be cracked more easily, so that the problem that the activity of the oxygen carrier is reduced gradually as heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process of organic solid waste particles E is covered on quick lime and iron ore in the prior art is solved, thereby realizing the reformation and quality improvement of the pyrolysis gas and effectively reducing the content of the tar in the pyrolysis gas.
In this example, the gasification reactor 2 is a bubbling fluidized bed, and the air reactor 3 is a fast fluidized bed.
The gas outlet of the first cyclone separator 11 is connected with a waste heat boiler 14, the waste heat boiler 14 stores water H, and the waste heat boiler 14 is provided with a smoke outlet.
The heat exchanger is arranged in the waste heat boiler 14, the heat exchanger exchanges heat for high-temperature flue gas F flowing in from the first cyclone separator 11, water H stored in the waste heat boiler 14 is heated into water vapor B, and the flue gas F after heat exchange is discharged from a flue gas outlet. The bottom of the exhaust-heat boiler 14 is provided with a fly ash collector for collecting fly ash C in the flue gas F.
The bottom of the drying chamber 8 is provided with a flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet is connected with the flue gas inlet.
Through leading-in the flue gas F carry out organic useless stoving admittedly in drying chamber 8, can make full use of high temperature flue gas F's heat, reduce energy loss. The waste heat boiler 14 and the drying chamber 8 are arranged to utilize the waste heat in the high-temperature flue gas F generated by the gasification reactor 2 and generate the required gasification agent, so that the gradient utilization of energy is realized.
The top of the drying chamber 8 is provided with a steam outlet.
One side of the second cyclone separator 12 is provided with a spray tower 4, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator 12 is connected to the lower part of the spray tower 4, the spray tower 4 is sequentially provided with a slurry outlet, a spray pipe 16, a demister 15 and a gas outlet from bottom to top, the spray pipe 16 is used for spraying lime slurry, and the demister 15 is used for removing moisture.
Specifically, a slurry pump 5 and a slurry tank 6 are arranged on one side of the spray tower 4, and lime slurry is arranged in the slurry tank 6. The lime slurry is delivered into the spray pipe 16 by the slurry pump 5. The lime slurry is sprayed by a spray pipe 16 to remove CO in the primary pyrolysis gas2Then, the water is removed by the demister 15 to obtain a cleaner gas. Absorb CO2The slurry G in (a) is discharged through a slurry outlet at the bottom of the spray tower 4.
A third cyclone separator 13 is arranged between the second cyclone separator 12 and the spray tower 4, two ends of the third cyclone separator 13 are respectively connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator 12 and the lower part of the spray tower 4, and the bottom of the third cyclone separator 13 is provided with an ash discharge port.
Through the separation of the third cyclone separator 13, the fly ash C contained in the primary pyrolysis gas can be removed in advance before the primary pyrolysis gas enters the spray tower 4, and the lime slurry spraying amount of the spray tower 4 is reduced.
The gas outlet of the spray tower 4 is connected with a gas storage tank 7. The gas storage tank 7 is used for storing the gas treated by the spray tower 4.
A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid wastes comprises the following steps,
the organic solid waste particles E are dried by a drying chamber 8 and then enter a gasification reactor 2 through a feeder;
introducing steam B into the bottom of the gasification reactor 2 to enable organic solid waste particles E in the gasification reactor 2 to be in a bubbling fluidized state, carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles E, an oxygen carrier and the steam B in the gasification reactor 2 to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular olefin and alkane by using a zeolite catalyst 1 loaded on the oxygen carrier;
the semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers enter the air reactor 3 through a first material returning device 9-1, and air A is introduced into the bottom of the first material returning device 9-1; introducing air A into the bottom of the air reactor 3 to enable semicoke particles in the air reactor 3 to be in a fast fluidized state, oxidizing and burning the semicoke particles to release heat, and respectively calcining, oxidizing and regenerating a part of oxygen carriers and the zeolite catalyst 1 loaded in the part of the oxygen carriers into a regenerated oxygen carrier and a regenerated zeolite catalyst 1;
the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 enter a first cyclone separator 11, high-temperature flue gas F generated by oxidation and combustion of semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator 11, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst 1 return to a gasification reactor 2 through a second material returning device 9-2;
the primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of oxygen carriers enter the second cyclone separator 12 through the top of the gasification reactor 2, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, and the other part of oxygen carriers return to the gasification reactor 2 through the bottom of the second cyclone separator 12.
The method of the embodiment of the invention combines two processes of chemical chain gasification and catalytic cracking at the same time, can effectively reduce the content of tar in the product gas, and improve the yield and quality of the product gas; the zeolite catalyst 1 is loaded on an oxygen carrier for chemical-looping gasification, the zeolite catalyst 1 cannot be broken and can be recycled for many times, and meanwhile, the zeolite catalyst 1 has a unique pore structure and internal acidic catalytic sites, so that macromolecules in pyrolysis gas can be cracked more easily, the pyrolysis gas is reformed and upgraded, the content of tar in the pyrolysis gas is effectively reduced, and the problem that the activity is gradually reduced when the oxygen carrier is used is solved.
After the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator 12, the method also comprises the following steps,
and separating the primary pyrolysis gas by a third cyclone separator 13, introducing the separated primary pyrolysis gas into a spray tower 4, spraying lime slurry and demisting in the spray tower 4, and then discharging the gas to a gas storage tank 7 for storage.
Through the step, the fly ash C contained in the primary pyrolysis gas can be removed in advance before the primary pyrolysis gas enters the spray tower 4 by utilizing the separation of the third cyclone separator 13, so that the lime slurry spraying amount of the spray tower 4 is reduced.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a device that organic solid is useless prepares combustible gas which characterized in that: the drying chamber is connected with the gasification reactor through the feeder, an oxygen carrier is arranged in the gasification reactor and loaded with a zeolite catalyst, the gasification reactor is connected with the air reactor through the first material returning device, the bottom of the air reactor is provided with an air inlet, the top of the air reactor is connected with a first cyclone separator, the top of the first cyclone separator is provided with a gas outlet, the bottom of the first cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor through a second material returning device, the bottom of the gasification reactor is provided with a water vapor inlet, the top of the gasification reactor is connected with a second cyclone separator, the top of the second cyclone separator is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet, and the bottom of the second cyclone separator is connected with the gasification reactor.
2. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas outlet of the first cyclone separator is connected with a waste heat boiler, water is stored in the waste heat boiler, and the waste heat boiler is provided with a smoke outlet.
3. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet is connected with the flue gas inlet.
4. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid wastes according to claim 3, wherein: the top of the drying chamber is provided with a water vapor outlet.
5. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one side of the second cyclone separator is provided with a spray tower, a pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator is connected to the lower part of the spray tower, the spray tower is sequentially provided with a slurry outlet, a spray pipe, a demister and a gas outlet from bottom to top, the spray pipe is used for spraying lime slurry, and the demister is used for removing moisture.
6. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid wastes according to claim 5, wherein: a third cyclone separator is arranged between the second cyclone separator and the spray tower, two ends of the third cyclone separator are respectively connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the second cyclone separator and the lower part of the spray tower, and the bottom of the third cyclone separator is provided with an ash discharge port.
7. The apparatus for producing combustible gas from organic solid wastes according to claim 5, wherein: the gas outlet of the spray tower is connected with a gas storage tank.
8. A method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for preparing combustible gas by using the device for preparing organic solid waste as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of,
drying the organic solid waste particles in a drying chamber and then feeding the dried organic solid waste particles into a gasification reactor through a feeder;
introducing steam into the bottom of the gasification reactor to enable organic solid waste particles in the gasification reactor to be in a bubbling fluidized state, carrying out gasification reaction on the organic solid waste particles, an oxygen carrier and the steam in the gasification reactor to generate primary pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and cracking heavy tar generated in the pyrolysis process into micromolecular olefin and alkane by using a zeolite catalyst loaded on the oxygen carrier;
the semicoke and a part of oxygen carriers enter an air reactor through a first return feeder, air is introduced into the bottom of the air reactor, semicoke particles in the air reactor are in a fast fluidized state, the semicoke particles are oxidized and combusted to release heat, and a part of oxygen carriers and zeolite catalysts loaded in a part of oxygen carriers are respectively calcined, oxidized and regenerated into regenerated oxygen carriers and regenerated zeolite catalysts;
the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst enter a first cyclone separator, smoke generated by oxidizing and burning the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator, and the regenerated oxygen carrier and the regenerated zeolite catalyst return to the gasification reactor through a second return feeder;
the primary pyrolysis gas and the other part of the oxygen carrier enter the second cyclone separator through the top of the gasification reactor, the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, and the other part of the oxygen carrier returns to the gasification reactor through the bottom of the second cyclone separator.
9. The method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, as recited in claim 8, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps after the flue gas generated by the oxidation and combustion of the semicoke particles flows out through a gas outlet at the top of the first cyclone separator,
and (3) introducing the flue gas into a waste heat boiler, heating water in the waste heat boiler by the flue gas, and introducing the flue gas exhausted by the waste heat boiler into a drying chamber to dry organic solid waste particles.
10. The method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste, as recited in claim 8, wherein: after the primary pyrolysis gas flows out from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the second cyclone separator, the method also comprises the following steps,
and separating the primary pyrolysis gas by a third cyclone separator, introducing the separated primary pyrolysis gas into a spray tower, spraying lime slurry and demisting in the spray tower, and then discharging the gas to a gas storage tank for storage.
CN202010877642.5A 2020-08-27 2020-08-27 Device and method for preparing combustible gas from organic solid waste Pending CN111961504A (en)

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CN114314508A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-12 西安交通大学 Poly-generation method and system for coupling biomass baking and chemical chain conversion
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