CN111960855B - Foam concrete - Google Patents
Foam concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN111960855B CN111960855B CN202010799144.3A CN202010799144A CN111960855B CN 111960855 B CN111960855 B CN 111960855B CN 202010799144 A CN202010799144 A CN 202010799144A CN 111960855 B CN111960855 B CN 111960855B
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- cement
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- foam concrete
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides foam concrete which is prepared by the following method: (1) and uniformly mixing the cement, the water reducing agent, the waterproof agent and part of water to obtain the cement paste. (2) Foaming the composite foaming agent and the balance of water in a foaming machine, adding the cement slurry obtained in the step (1) and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed cement slurry, then adding ceramsite and coagulant and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed concrete slurry. (3) Pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mould, and performing steam curing to a specified age after molding to obtain the foam concrete. The cement is composed of silicate cement and aluminate cement in a mass ratio of 5-10:1, and the composite foaming agent is composed of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and tapioca starch in a mass ratio of 1-2: 0.5-2. The foam concrete material has the characteristics of good waterproof and anti-seepage performance, high strength and difficult cracking, and can be widely applied to building materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building material preparation, and particularly relates to foam concrete.
Background
The foam concrete is the most ideal heat-insulating material for the existing wall heat-insulating and wall heat-insulating fireproof isolation belt, has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient, good heat-insulating effect, no combustion, water resistance, strong bonding force with the wall, high strength, no toxic and harmful radioactive substances and environmental protection. The service life of the building is the same as that of the building, and the construction is simple, convenient and quick.
The foaming method of the foam concrete comprises chemical foaming and physical foaming. The physical foaming method is that the foaming agent is pressurized by a foaming machine to form foam with certain tension, then the foam and cement paste are stirred simultaneously, the cement is expanded continuously in the stirring process, and the foam concrete can be formed after the expansion effect reaches the preset proportion. When physical foaming is adopted, the sample has long coagulation time but fine and uniform size of internal cells, high sphericity, low communication rate among the cells, low water absorption rate and high strength; however, the retardation of the physical foaming agent to concrete is very obvious, so that a new foaming agent suitable for physical foaming needs to be searched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low early strength and slow solidification of the foam concrete prepared by the existing physical foaming method, the invention provides the foam concrete which can accelerate the solidification speed of the foam concrete prepared by physical foaming and improve the early strength of the foam concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A preparation method of the foam concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a waterproof agent and part of water to obtain cement paste;
(2) foaming the composite foaming agent and the balance of water in a foaming machine, adding the cement slurry obtained in the step (1) and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed cement slurry, then adding ceramsite and coagulant and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mould, and performing steam curing to a specified age after molding to obtain the foam concrete.
In the step (1), the weight ratio of the cement to the water reducing agent to the waterproofing agent is 30-50: 0.5-1:0.5-1.
In the step (1), the cement consists of Portland cement and aluminate cement in a mass ratio of 5-10: 1.
In the step (1), the water reducing agent can be selected from a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or a naphthalene and fatty acid composite water reducing agent; preferably a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
In the step (1), the water-proofing agent is at least one selected from fatty acid water-proofing agents, organosilicon water-proofing agents and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate. Preferably, the waterproof agent is a mixture of an organic silicon waterproof agent and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate; the mass ratio of the two is 0.1-1: 1.
In the step (2), the composite foaming agent is composed of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and tapioca starch according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 0.5-2; the weight portion ratio of the composite foaming agent to the cement is 30-50: 1-5.
In the step (2), the coagulant is selected from aluminum oxide clinker, water glass, and red star I type coagulant; the weight portion ratio of the coagulant to the cement is 30-50: 0.5-1.
In the step (2), the addition amount of the ceramsite is 5-15% of the volume of the foamed cement slurry, and the density is 600kg/m3。
In the step (3), the steam curing condition is that the temperature is increased from room temperature to 60-95 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/h, the temperature is kept for 24-48h, and then the temperature is reduced to the room temperature at the speed of 5-10 ℃/h; the relative humidity is 75-95%.
The composite foaming agent used in the invention has higher surface activity, and can effectively reduce the surface tension of the foam concrete; particularly, after the cassava starch is added, the bubble diameter of the foam can be effectively reduced, the strength of the foam is enhanced, and the communication rate is reduced; the concrete can absorb water in the concrete during use, on one hand, the concrete swells to block capillary pipelines, and on the other hand, the concrete has enhanced strength and prevents cracking. The organosilicon waterproofing agent and the potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate are mixed to serve as the waterproofing agent, so that on one hand, the opening can be blocked after crystallization, and the seepage-proofing performance is improved; on the other hand, the final strength of the product can be increased and the setting time can be reduced. The invention adopts high-temperature steam curing to further improve the compressive strength and the anti-seepage performance of the product.
The invention has the following advantages: the foam concrete material has the characteristics of good waterproof and anti-seepage performance, high strength and difficult cracking, and can be widely applied to building materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Preparing fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and tapioca starch into a composite foaming agent according to a mass ratio of 1:2: 2;
preparing a SILRES Powder D silane waterproof agent and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate into a waterproof agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 1;
the foam concrete is prepared according to the following preparation method:
(1) adding 50 parts by weight of 42.5-strength ordinary portland cement, 5 parts by weight of 42.5-strength aluminate cement, 0.6 part by weight of PCA-I polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (Subot) and 0.5 part by weight of waterproof agent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain cement paste;
(2) adding 5 parts by weight of composite foaming agent into the balance of water, foaming in a foaming machine, adding the cement paste obtained in the step (1), uniformly mixing to obtain foamed cement paste, adding the foamed cement paste with the volume of 10 percent and the density of 600kg/m3The ceramsite and 0.6 weight part of the monascus type I accelerator to obtain foam concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mold, raising the temperature of the foam concrete slurry from room temperature (about 30 ℃) to 80 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/h in a steam chamber after molding, keeping the temperature for 48h, and then reducing the temperature to the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/h; the relative humidity was 80. + -. 5%, giving a foam concrete sample S1.
Based on the preparation method and raw materials of sample 1, the foam concrete samples D1 and D2 were prepared by replacing tapioca starch with glutinous rice starch and α -tapioca starch, respectively, in equal amounts.
On the basis of the preparation method and the raw materials of the sample 1, the curing process in the step (3) is changed to curing at room temperature for 5 days, and a foam concrete sample D3 is obtained.
Example 2
Preparing fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and cassava starch into a composite foaming agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 1;
preparing a SILRES Powder D silane waterproof agent and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate into a waterproof agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 1;
the foam concrete is prepared according to the following preparation method:
(1) adding 25 parts by weight of 42.5-strength ordinary portland cement, 5 parts by weight of 42.5-strength aluminate cement, 0.5 part by weight of PCA-I polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (Subot) and 0.5 part by weight of waterproof agent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain cement paste;
(2) adding 3 parts by weight of composite foaming agent into the balance of water, foaming in a foaming machine, adding the cement paste obtained in the step (1), uniformly mixing to obtain foamed cement paste, adding the foamed cement paste with the volume of 15 percent and the density of 300kg/m3The ceramsite and 0.5 weight part of red star I type accelerating agent are added to obtain foam concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mold, raising the temperature from room temperature (about 30 ℃) to 60 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/h in a steam chamber after molding, keeping the temperature for 24h, and then reducing the temperature to the room temperature at the speed of 5 ℃/h; the relative humidity was 85. + -. 5%, giving a foam concrete sample S2.
Example 3
Preparing fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and cassava starch into a composite foaming agent according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5: 2;
preparing a SILRES Powder D silane waterproof agent and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate into a waterproof agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 1;
the foam concrete is prepared according to the following preparation method:
(1) adding water into 45 parts by weight of 42.5-strength ordinary portland cement, 6 parts by weight of 42.5-strength aluminate cement, 0.6 part by weight of PCA-I polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (Subot) and 0.6 part by weight of waterproof agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain cement paste;
(2) adding 1 weight part of composite foaming agent into the balance of water to foam in a foam machine, adding the cement slurry obtained in the step (1) to mix uniformly to obtain foam cement slurry, and then adding the foam cement slurry with the density of 300kg/m and the volume of 5 percent3The ceramsite and 0.8 weight part of red star I type accelerating agent are added to obtain foam concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mold, raising the temperature of the mold from room temperature (about 30 ℃) to 95 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/h in a steam chamber after molding, keeping the temperature for 48h, and then reducing the temperature to the room temperature at a speed of 10 ℃/h; the relative humidity was 90. + -. 5%, yielding a foam concrete sample S3.
Example 4
Preparing fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and cassava starch into a composite foaming agent according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5: 2;
preparing a SILRES Powder D silane waterproof agent and aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate into a waterproof agent according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 1;
the foam concrete is prepared according to the following preparation method:
(1) adding 40 parts by weight of 42.5-strength ordinary portland cement, 5 parts by weight of 42.5-strength aluminate cement, 1 part by weight of PCA-I polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (Subot) and 1 part by weight of waterproof agent into water, and uniformly mixing to obtain cement paste;
(2) 2 parts by weight of composite foaming agent is added with the balance of water to be foamed in a foaming machine, the cement paste in the step (1) is added and uniformly mixed to obtain foamed cement paste, and then the foamed cement paste with the density of 300kg/m and the volume of 10 percent of the foamed cement paste is added3The ceramsite and 1 weight part of the monascus type I accelerator to obtain foam concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mold, raising the temperature of the mold from room temperature (about 30 ℃) to 95 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/h in a steam chamber after molding, keeping the temperature for 48h, and then reducing the temperature to the room temperature at a speed of 10 ℃/h; the relative humidity was 90. + -. 5%, yielding a foam concrete sample S4.
Example 5 product Performance testing
Samples S1-S4 and D1-D3 from examples 1 to 4 were cut into test pieces 100 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm in size, then the test pieces were put into a forced air drying oven, dried at a temperature of (60 + -5) ° C for 4 hours until the mass difference was less than 1g in a desiccator and cooled to room temperature, and then dry density, compressive strength and water absorption of 28D were measured with reference to JG/T266-2011 foam concrete, and 3 test pieces were measured for each set of samples.
And (3) porosity determination: and (3) measuring the true density of the test piece after the dry density is measured according to GB/T208-1994, and then according to the formula: porosity = (true density-dry density)/true density × 100% calculation.
The water absorption rate is measured according to JG/T266-2011 foam concrete; the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 Dry Density, compressive Strength, Water absorption and porosity of the different samples
According to the data in Table 1, the water absorption rate of the foam concrete S1-S4 in the embodiment of the invention is obviously lower than that of D1-D3, and the 28D compressive strength is obviously higher than that of D1-D3, which shows that the foam concrete of the invention has the advantages of good waterproof performance, high strength and the like.
Claims (7)
1. The foam concrete is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing cement, a water reducing agent, a waterproof agent and part of water to obtain cement paste;
(2) foaming the composite foaming agent and the balance of water in a foaming machine, adding the cement slurry obtained in the step (1) and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed cement slurry, and then adding ceramsite and a coagulant and uniformly mixing to obtain foamed concrete slurry;
(3) pouring the foam concrete slurry into a mould, and performing steam curing to a specified age after molding to obtain the foam concrete slurry;
the composite foaming agent is composed of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and cassava starch in a mass ratio of 1-2: 0.5-2;
in the step (1), the waterproof agent is a mixture of an organic silicon waterproof agent and potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate; the mass ratio of the two is 0.1-1: 1;
in the step (1), the weight ratio of the cement to the water reducing agent to the waterproof agent is 30-50:0.5-1: 0.5-1;
in the step (2), the weight part ratio of the composite foaming agent to the cement is 30-50: 1-5;
in the step (2), the addition amount of the ceramsite is 5-15% of the volume of the foamed cement slurry.
2. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the cement consists of portland cement and aluminate cement in a mass ratio of 5-10: 1.
3. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the water reducing agent is at least one of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, a naphthalene-based water reducing agent and a fatty acid composite water reducing agent.
4. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
5. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the accelerator is selected from at least one of aluminous clinker, water glass; the weight portion ratio of the coagulant to the cement is 30-50: 0.5-1.
6. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the density of the ceramsite is 300-600kg/m3。
7. The foamed concrete according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the steam curing conditions are raising from room temperature to 60-95 ℃ at a rate of 5-10 ℃/h, maintaining for 24-48h, and then lowering to room temperature at a rate of 5-10 ℃/h; the relative humidity is 75-95%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010799144.3A CN111960855B (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Foam concrete |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010799144.3A CN111960855B (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Foam concrete |
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| CN111960855A CN111960855A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
| CN111960855B true CN111960855B (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102515838A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-27 | 浙江省建筑科学设计研究院有限公司 | Lightweight aggregate foam concrete warming plate with low shrinkage and low water absorption |
| CN103664119B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-11-04 | 大连工业大学 | A kind of fire retardant energy-saving lagging material |
| CN104591622A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-05-06 | 无为县严桥双龙建材厂 | Highly anti-bending and wearing-resistant lightweight concrete |
| CN105859243A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-17 | 北京中晶环境科技股份有限公司 | Magnesium oxysulfate cement foamed bricks and preparation method therefor |
| CN108164180A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-15 | 周荣 | A kind of preparation method of concrete foamer foam stabilizer |
| CN109293298A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-02-01 | 怀宁建国混凝土制品有限责任公司 | A kind of waterproof toughening foamed cement and preparation method thereof |
| CN110054451B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-04-01 | 启东海中港建材有限公司 | Ceramsite foam concrete and preparation process thereof |
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