CN111960399A - Oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111960399A
CN111960399A CN202010835044.1A CN202010835044A CN111960399A CN 111960399 A CN111960399 A CN 111960399A CN 202010835044 A CN202010835044 A CN 202010835044A CN 111960399 A CN111960399 A CN 111960399A
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glassy carbon
electrochemiluminescence
oxidized
activity
carbon microspheres
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池毓务
王瑞娜
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/15Nano-sized carbon materials
    • C01B32/158Carbon nanotubes
    • C01B32/168After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/65Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing carbon

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: adding the crude product of the glassy carbon microsphere into a concentrated nitric acid solution, stirring and refluxing for a period of time, cooling to room temperature, adding water for washing, centrifuging or filtering until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying the obtained solid precipitate to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with the electrochemiluminescence activity. The method for preparing the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity is simple, low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and the obtained oxidized glassy carbon microspheres have good electrochemiluminescence activity.

Description

Oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Electrochemiluminescence is the phenomenon of a substance that produces luminescence during electrochemiluminescence. The electrochemiluminescence technology is a relatively new technology developed by crossing an electrochemical technology and a chemiluminescence technology, has the advantages of good controllability of electrochemistry and good sensitivity of chemiluminescence, and has wide application prospects in modern analytical chemistry, life analysis and clinical examination. The most central problem of the electrochemiluminescence analysis technology is how to obtain the electrochemiluminescence material with high sensitivity, low cost and environmental friendliness. There are two main classes of electrochemiluminescent materials in common use today: one is a molecular electrochemiluminescence material, such as luminol and bipyridyl ruthenium, which has the advantages of high luminous efficiency and commercial application, but has the disadvantages of difficult modification, expensive product price and high use cost; the other is a nano electrochemiluminescence material, mainly comprising semiconductor quantum dots containing heavy metals of cadmium and lead, such as CdS, PbS and the like, which have electrochemiluminescence activity, and is characterized by high electrochemiluminescence activity, easy preparation and modification, low cost, large toxicity of the material, harm to operators and the environment, and great limitation on the application of the material. In more than ten years, carbon-based quantum dots including carbon quantum dots and graphene quantum dots are found to solve the problems of high toxicity and difficult modification of heavy metal semiconductor quantum dots, but the carbon-based quantum dots still have too good water solubility and are difficult to fix on the surface of an electrode, so that the construction of an electroluminescence luminescence sensing interface is not facilitated. Therefore, the prepared electrochemiluminescence micron material has the advantages of low cost, low toxicity, high electrochemiluminescence activity, easy modification, easy separation and fixation, and has important significance for the development of electrochemiluminescence technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and the preparation method thereof, the method is simple to operate and low in cost, and the prepared oxidized glassy carbon microsphere has good electrochemiluminescence activity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a. adding the crude product of the glass-carbon microspheres into a nitric acid solution, and stirring and refluxing;
b. cooling to room temperature, diluting with water, filtering or centrifuging, washing with water for several times, and separating to obtain filtrate or centrifuging to obtain clear solution;
c. and collecting the precipitate, and drying to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity.
Wherein the concentration of the nitric acid in the step a is 1-98%, and the preferable concentration is 68%.
Further, the dosage ratio of the glassy carbon microsphere crude product and the nitric acid solution in the step a is that 0.001-50 g of the glassy carbon microsphere crude product is added to every 100mL of nitric acid, and preferably 0.5g of the carbon nanotube crude product is added to every 100mL of nitric acid.
Further, the reflux temperature in the step a is 20-200 ℃, and the reflux time is 0.1-100 h. The reflux time is preferably 8 h.
Further, the separation method in step b can be vacuum filtration or centrifugal ultrafiltration or centrifugal separation. Preferably, the filtration is carried out with a 0.2 um filter membrane.
The invention takes the industrial prepared crude product of the glassy carbon microsphere as a raw material, adopts simple and cheap acid oxidation treatment, and ensures that the surface of the glassy carbon microsphere generates rich defects, surface states and proper oxidation degree on the basis of keeping the spherical structure of the glassy carbon microsphere by researching and controlling the acid oxidation condition, the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the acid concentration of the glassy carbon microsphere, thereby preparing the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity.
According to the invention, graphene-like and fullerene-like carbon nanostructures of the glassy carbon microsphere are oxidized by nitric acid and are crushed, so that graphene-like quantum dots and fullerene-like quantum dots which are small in size, rich in carbon edge and provided with a plurality of oxygen-containing groups and carbon dangling bonds are formed on the surface of the glassy carbon microsphere, and the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with strong electrochemical luminescence activity is prepared. The reaction mechanism of the invention is how to prepare the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity from the crude products of the glassy carbon microspheres by acid.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
the preparation method has the characteristics of cheap raw materials, low preparation cost, simple process, high yield and the like. The electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres prepared by the method have the advantages of easy separation and purification of products, good electrochemiluminescence performance and easy implementationFixing and decorating the lines and the like. The prepared electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microsphere has good hydrophilicity and water dispersibility (figure 1 a), and is obviously superior to a glassy carbon microsphere raw material (figure 1 b). Scanning electron microscopy (see fig. 2) shows that the surface of the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere (fig. 2 a) has a wrinkled oxide layer, which is clearly different from the glassy carbon microsphere raw material having a smooth surface (fig. 2 b). Fig. 3 shows that the electrochemiluminescent functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (fig. 3 (a)) have a more abundant defect state (graphitic edges) compared to the glassy carbon microsphere crude product (fig. 3 (b)). The photoelectron spectrum of fig. 4 shows that the oxygen content of the electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (curve 1) is obviously improved compared with the oxygen content of the crude products of the glassy carbon microspheres (curve 2), and the main oxygen-containing groups on the surfaces of the microspheres are carboxyl (-COOH). The paramagnetic resonance spectrum (fig. 5) shows that the electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (curve (a)) have many dangling bonds closely related to the electrochemiluminescence activity while the crude products of the glassy carbon microspheres (curve (b)) have almost no dangling bonds. FIG. 6 is a measurement of the electrochemical activity of the prepared carbon nanotubes, in coreactant K2S2O8In the presence of the carbon nano tube, the prepared carbon nano tube shows good cathode electrochemiluminescence activity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of dispersions of electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (a) and crude glassy carbon microspheres (b) in pure water; the more uniform the dispersion, the better the hydrophilicity of the material;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (a) and crude glassy carbon microspheres (b); the white part is an organic matter with poor conductivity;
FIG. 3 Raman spectra of electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (a) and crude glassy carbon microspheres (b); i isD/IGThe larger the ratio, the more defective states (graphitic edges) of the material;
FIG. 4 is a photoelectron spectrum of electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (1) and a crude product of the glassy carbon microspheres (2); the total photoelectron spectrum in the graph (a) and the high resolution photoelectron spectrum in the graph (b) of C1S;
FIG. 5 EPR spectra of electrochemiluminescent functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microspheres (a) and a crude product of glassy carbon microspheres (b); the EPR signal is ultra strong, and more carbon dangling bonds are arranged on the surface of the material;
fig. 6 is an electrochemiluminescence response curve of an electrochemiluminescence functionalized oxidized glassy carbon microsphere, wherein:
(a) oxidizing the electrochemiluminescence response of the glassy carbon microsphere in the absence of a coreactant; (b) electrochemiluminescence response of persulfate coreactants per se; (c) and (3) performing electrochemiluminescence response on the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres in the presence of a persulfate coreactant.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is further illustrated by way of example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Weighing 0.15 g of crude glassy carbon microsphere powder, adding the crude glassy carbon microsphere powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 30 mL of 68% concentrated nitric acid, refluxing for 8 hours under the condition of 140 ℃ oil bath, naturally cooling to room temperature, diluting suspension with water to 100mL, washing and centrifuging, discarding clear liquid, continuously washing and centrifuging precipitate with water until the clear liquid is neutral, and drying the obtained black solid precipitate in a 100 ℃ oven to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with the electrochemiluminescence property.
Example 2
Weighing 0.15 g of crude powder of glassy carbon microspheres, adding the crude powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 30 mL of 98% concentrated nitric acid, refluxing for 4 hours under the condition of oil bath at 20 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, diluting suspension to 100mL with water, carrying out vacuum filtration with a 0.2-micrometer filter membrane, repeatedly washing and carrying out vacuum filtration on the obtained filter flask with water until filtrate is neutral, drying the obtained black solid precipitate in an oven at 100 ℃, and obtaining the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence performance.
Example 3
Weighing 0.05g of crude glassy carbon microsphere powder, adding the crude glassy carbon microsphere powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 30 mL of 68% concentrated nitric acid, refluxing for 6 hours under the condition of 200 ℃ oil bath, naturally cooling to room temperature, diluting suspension with water to 100mL, washing and centrifuging, discarding clear liquid, continuously washing and centrifuging precipitate with water until the clear liquid is neutral, and drying the obtained black solid precipitate in a 100 ℃ oven to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with the electrochemiluminescence property.
Example 4
Adding 0.10 g of dried crude powder of the single-walled carbon nanotube into 30 mL of 20% nitric acid, refluxing for 30 h under the condition of oil bath at 140 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature, diluting the suspension to 100mL by using water, carrying out centrifugal ultrafiltration by using a 10 kDa ultrafiltration tube, removing the nitric acid, and washing by using water until the filtrate is neutral. And collecting the purified black solid, and drying at 70 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with the electrochemiluminescence property.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. adding the dried crude product of the glass-carbon microspheres into a nitric acid solution, and stirring and refluxing;
b. cooling to room temperature, washing with water, filtering or centrifuging until the filtrate or clear liquid is neutral, and collecting solid precipitate;
c. and drying the solid precipitate to obtain the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity.
2. The method for preparing the oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with the photoactivity of the electrochemiluminescence carbon nano-tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the oxidized glassy carbon microspheres have electrogenerated chemical luminescence activity, namely, the phenomenon of luminescence is generated by self or in the presence of a coreactant through electrolysis.
3. The method for preparing oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity according to claim 1, wherein: the mass concentration of the nitric acid in the step a is 1% -98%.
4. The method for preparing oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage ratio of the glassy carbon microsphere crude product and the nitric acid solution in the step a is that 0.001-50 g of carbon nanotube crude product is added to every 100mL of nitric acid.
5. The method for preparing oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity according to claim 1, wherein: the reflux temperature in the step a is 20-200 ℃, and the reflux time is 0.1-100 h.
6. The method for preparing oxidized glassy carbon microspheres with electrochemiluminescence activity according to claim 1, wherein: the filtration method in the step b can be vacuum filtration or centrifugal separation.
7. An oxidized vitreous carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202010835044.1A 2020-08-19 2020-08-19 Oxidized glassy carbon microsphere with electrochemiluminescence activity and preparation method thereof Pending CN111960399A (en)

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WO2018085882A1 (en) * 2016-11-10 2018-05-17 Flinders University Of South Australia Processes for controlling structure and/or properties of carbon and boron nanomaterials
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CN109490285A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-03-19 福建师范大学 Based on Ru (bpy)32+With the renewable Electrochemiluminescsensor sensor of sialic acid of Bi nanometer rods self-reinforcing system
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Application publication date: 20201120