CN111954191A - Method for preventing vehicle relay attack and user terminal and system thereof - Google Patents
Method for preventing vehicle relay attack and user terminal and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
- G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/42—Determining position
- G01S19/45—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement
- G01S19/46—Determining position by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/08—Position of single direction-finder fixed by determining direction of a plurality of spaced sources of known location
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
- H04L63/1441—Countermeasures against malicious traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing vehicle relay attack, a user terminal and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the safety certification of the user terminal and the vehicle is passed, acquiring a Bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning, a first GPS positioning signal and a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal; calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the received Bluetooth radio frequency signal; calculating to obtain a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal; and judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is currently requested to be executed according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction. The invention can prevent the Bluetooth key from being attacked by the relay, and greatly improves the security of vehicle theft prevention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle relay attack prevention, in particular to a method for preventing vehicle relay attack and a user terminal and a system thereof.
Background
With the development of the low-power-consumption Bluetooth technology, more and more automobiles are provided with low-power-consumption Bluetooth chips, and the portable equipment is used as an automobile Bluetooth key to unlock the automobile and start the automobile to replace a traditional PEPS system, but Bluetooth has a great loophole in information security, is easy to be attacked by relay and has great security risk. Currently, relay attack cannot be prevented by using bluetooth RSSI positioning, TOF and AOA positioning technologies are immature, and mobile phone hardware configuration is not common, so that no better method is available at present for preventing bluetooth relay attack. How to determine that the handset is really near the vehicle, rather than a plugged-in repeater, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preventing vehicle relay attack, and a user terminal and a system thereof, so as to solve the problem that a portable device used as a vehicle bluetooth key in the prior art is easily subjected to relay attack.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for preventing vehicle relay attack, which is used in a system including a vehicle and a user terminal paired with the vehicle, and comprises the following steps:
when the safety certification of the user terminal and the vehicle is passed, acquiring a Bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning, a first GPS positioning signal and a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal;
calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal;
calculating to obtain a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal;
and judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is currently requested to be executed according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction.
Wherein the method further comprises: and calibrating the Bluetooth positioning precision and the GPS positioning precision of the user terminal.
Wherein the calculating and obtaining the first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the bluetooth radio frequency signal specifically includes:
obtaining the model of the user terminal, searching a set positioning library according to the model, wherein the positioning library stores the corresponding relation between the intensity of the Bluetooth signals received by the user terminal at different positions and the distance between the positions and the vehicle;
comparing the intensity of the Bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning with the intensity of the Bluetooth signal in the positioning library to obtain a first measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal;
and calculating to obtain the first distance according to the first measurement distance and the Bluetooth positioning precision.
Wherein the calculating and obtaining the first distance according to the first measurement distance and the bluetooth positioning accuracy specifically includes:
and calculating the difference value between the first measurement distance and the Bluetooth positioning precision to obtain the first distance.
Wherein the calculating to obtain the second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal specifically includes:
calculating a second measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the longitude information and the latitude information in the first GPS positioning signal and the longitude information and the latitude information in the second GPS positioning signal;
and calculating the second distance according to the second measurement distance and the GPS positioning precision.
Wherein the calculating a second measured distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the longitude information and the latitude information in the first GPS positioning signal and the longitude information and the latitude information in the second GPS positioning signal specifically includes:
D＝R·arccos[sin(wA)sin(wB)+cos(wA)cos(wB)·cos(jA-jB)]
wherein D is the second distance value, R is the radius of the earth, jA is longitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, wA is latitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, jB is accuracy information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal, and wB is latitude information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal.
Wherein the calculating the second distance according to the second measured distance and the GPS positioning accuracy specifically includes:
and calculating the difference value between the second measurement distance and the GPS positioning precision to obtain the second distance.
Wherein, the judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the current operation according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction specifically comprises:
judging the magnitude relation between the first distance and the second distance, and obtaining a safety distance interval required by the current operation according to a judgment result;
and judging whether the second distance falls into a corresponding safe distance interval, if so, enabling the vehicle to be in the safe distance required by the current operation, and if not, enabling the vehicle not to be in the safe distance.
The determining the magnitude relationship between the first distance and the second distance, and obtaining the safe distance interval required by the current operation of the vehicle according to the determination result specifically includes:
if the first distance is greater than the second distance, the corresponding safe distance interval is (D1+ M2+ D2, M1+ D1), and if the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the corresponding safe distance interval is (D1+ M1+ D2, M2+ D1), wherein M1 is the first distance, M2 is the second distance, D1 is the bluetooth positioning error of the user terminal, and D2 is the GPS positioning error of the user terminal.
The invention also provides a user terminal for preventing vehicle relay attack, which is paired with the vehicle and comprises a first Bluetooth unit, a first GPS positioning unit, a first distance calculating unit, a second distance calculating unit and a processing unit, wherein,
the first Bluetooth unit is used for receiving a Bluetooth radio frequency signal and a first GPS positioning signal which are used for positioning a vehicle;
the first GPS positioning unit is used for acquiring a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal;
the first distance calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal;
the second distance calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal;
and the processing unit is used for judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is requested to be executed currently according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction.
The invention also provides a system for preventing the relay attack of the vehicle, which comprises the vehicle and the user terminal, wherein the vehicle comprises a second GPS positioning unit and a second Bluetooth unit,
the second Bluetooth unit is used for sending a Bluetooth radio frequency signal for positioning the vehicle and sending a first GPS positioning signal;
the second GPS positioning unit is used for acquiring the first GPS positioning signal.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is obtained by using the Bluetooth signal, a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is obtained by calculating GPS signals of the vehicle and the user terminal, the safe distance capable of unlocking and starting the engine is determined by the first distance and the second distance, and the unlocking and starting of the engine is determined by judging whether the second distance is within the safe distance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for preventing vehicle relay attack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a user terminal for preventing vehicle relay attack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preventing vehicle relay attack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced.
The following description is made with reference to fig. 1, and an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preventing vehicle relay attack, which is used in a system including a vehicle and a user terminal paired with the vehicle, and includes the following steps:
and S1, when the safety certification of the user terminal and the vehicle is passed, acquiring a Bluetooth radio frequency signal, a first GPS positioning signal and a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal for positioning the vehicle.
Specifically, because the bluetooth signal receiving strengths of different models of mobile phones are different, and there is a certain error between the actual distance and the measured distance of the tool, in order to improve the calculation accuracy, the bluetooth positioning accuracy and the GPS positioning accuracy of different models of mobile phones need to be calibrated. Thus, before the step S1, the method further includes: and calibrating the Bluetooth positioning precision and the GPS positioning precision of the user terminal.
When the mobile phone receives request pairing information sent by the vehicle-end Bluetooth, after the pairing is successful, the mobile phone and the vehicle-end Bluetooth perform security key authentication, the vehicle Bluetooth sends a Bluetooth radio-frequency signal and a GPS signal for vehicle positioning to the user terminal, the user terminal receives the Bluetooth radio-frequency signal and the GPS signal sent by the vehicle, and simultaneously the user terminal performs self GPS positioning to acquire a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal.
S2, calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal, and calculating and obtaining a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal.
After the user terminal receives the Bluetooth radio frequency signal and the GPS signal sent by the vehicle, on one hand, a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is calculated according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal, and on the other hand, a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is calculated according to the GPS signal of the vehicle and the GPS signal of the user terminal.
Specifically, a set positioning database is searched according to the model of the user terminal, the corresponding relation between the intensity of the Bluetooth signals received by the user terminals of different models at different positions and the distance between the positions and the vehicle is stored in the set positioning database, and the intensity of the received Bluetooth radio-frequency signals for positioning the vehicle is compared, so that a first measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is obtained. For example, assuming that the user terminal is a mobile phone, the MODEL of the mobile phone is mode 3, and the received signal strength at the current location is 1, a corresponding table of the bluetooth signal strength corresponding to mode 3 and the distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is searched in the set database, and a first measured distance corresponding to the bluetooth signal strength of 1 is obtained from the corresponding table, where the distance is the first measured distance. And subtracting the Bluetooth calibration precision from the first measurement distance to obtain a first distance.
Specifically, longitude information and latitude information in a first GPS positioning signal and longitude information and latitude information in a second GPS signal are acquired, and a second measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is calculated according to the longitude information and the latitude information in the first GPS positioning signal and the longitude information and the latitude information in the second GPS signal by adopting the following formula:
D＝R·arccos[sin(wA)sin(wB)+cos(wA)cos(wB)·cos(jA-jB)]
wherein D is the second measurement distance, R is the radius of the earth, jA is longitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, wA is latitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, jB is accuracy information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal, and wB is latitude information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal.
After the second measured distance is obtained, the GPS positioning accuracy is subtracted from the second measured distance to obtain a second distance.
And S3, judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is requested to be executed currently according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction.
Wherein the currently requested performance of the operation is one of unlocking the vehicle, locking the vehicle, and starting an engine of the vehicle.
After the vehicle and the user terminal establish communication connection through the mobile phone Bluetooth, the user terminal continuously calculates to obtain the first distance and the second distance, and the current operation of the vehicle can be determined through a plurality of first distance values or a plurality of second distance values. Taking the first distance as an example, when the measured first distance value is smaller and smaller, it indicates that the vehicle is currently performing the unlocking operation, and when the first distance value is larger and larger, it indicates that the vehicle is performing the locking operation. When the key for starting the engine is triggered, the vehicle is explained to carry out the operation of starting the engine.
When the vehicle is in a state needing unlocking at present, judging whether the vehicle is unlocked within the safe distance of the vehicle according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, unlocking the vehicle, otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction, if the vehicle is in a state needing locking, judging whether the vehicle is locked within the safe distance of the vehicle according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, locking the vehicle, otherwise, generating the alarm prompt instruction, if the vehicle is in a state needing starting the engine, judging whether the vehicle is within the safe distance of starting the engine according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, starting the engine, otherwise, generating the alarm prompt instruction.
Specifically, taking the operation currently requested to be performed by the vehicle as an example of unlocking the vehicle, assuming that the first distance is M1, the second distance is M2, the error of the first distance is D1, and the error of the second distance is D2, the magnitudes of the first distance M1 and the second distance M2 are determined, and if the first distance M1 is greater than the second distance M2, the corresponding safe distance zone for unlocking is: (D1+ M2+ D2, M1+ D1), and if the first distance M1 is smaller than the second distance M2, the corresponding safety distance interval is (D1+ M1+ D2, M2+ D1). After the corresponding safety interval is obtained, judging whether M2 falls in the corresponding safety interval, if so, performing vehicle unlocking operation, otherwise, vibrating the user terminal or sending a prompt sound to prompt the user.
For example, if M1 is 4 meters, M2 is 17 meters, D1 is 2 meters, and D2 is 10 meters, it is first determined that M2> M1, the corresponding safety interval (D1+ M1+ D2, M2+ D1) is obtained as (16, 19), and 17 falls within the (16, 19) interval, so that the vehicle is within a distance that can be unlocked, and the unlocking operation is performed.
According to the method for preventing the relay attack of the vehicle, the first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is obtained through the Bluetooth signal, the second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal is obtained through the GPS signal calculation of the vehicle and the user terminal, the safe distance capable of unlocking and starting the engine is determined through the first distance and the second distance, and the unlocking and starting the engine are determined through judging whether the second distance is within the safe distance.
Based on the first embodiment of the present invention, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a user terminal for preventing vehicle relay attack, the user terminal is paired with the vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, the user terminal 1 includes a first bluetooth unit 11, a first GPS positioning unit 12, a first distance calculating unit 13, a second distance calculating unit 14 and a processing unit 15, wherein,
the first bluetooth unit 11 is configured to acquire a bluetooth radio frequency signal and a first GPS positioning signal for vehicle positioning after the user terminal and the vehicle pass security authentication;
the first GPS positioning unit 12 is configured to obtain a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal;
the first distance calculation unit 13 is configured to calculate and obtain a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the bluetooth radio frequency signal;
the second distance calculating unit 14 is configured to calculate a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal;
the processing unit 15 is configured to determine whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by an operation currently requested to be performed according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, perform the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generate an alarm prompt instruction.
Based on the second embodiment of the present invention, the third embodiment of the present invention provides a system for preventing vehicle relay attack, as shown in fig. 3, the system 10 includes a vehicle 2 and the aforementioned user terminal 1, wherein the vehicle 2 includes a second GPS positioning unit 22 and a second bluetooth unit 21, wherein,
the second bluetooth unit 21 is configured to send a bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning and send a first GPS positioning signal;
the second GPS positioning unit 22 is configured to acquire the first GPS positioning signal and send the first GPS positioning signal to the second bluetooth unit.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preventing vehicular relay attacks, comprising the steps of:
when the safety certification of the user terminal and the vehicle is passed, acquiring a Bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning, a first GPS positioning signal and a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal;
calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal;
calculating to obtain a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal;
and judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is currently requested to be executed according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the bluetooth radio frequency signal specifically comprises:
obtaining the model of the user terminal, searching a set positioning library according to the model, wherein the positioning library stores a corresponding relation table of the intensity of Bluetooth signals received by the user terminals of different models at different positions and the distance between the positions and the vehicle;
comparing the intensity of the Bluetooth radio frequency signal for vehicle positioning with the intensity of the Bluetooth signal in the corresponding relation table of the type of the user terminal in the positioning library to obtain a first measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal;
and calculating to obtain the first distance according to the first measurement distance and the Bluetooth positioning precision.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the calculating the first distance according to the first measured distance and the bluetooth positioning accuracy specifically comprises:
and calculating the difference value between the first measurement distance and the Bluetooth positioning precision to obtain the first distance.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal from the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal comprises:
calculating a second measurement distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the longitude information and the latitude information in the first GPS positioning signal and the longitude information and the latitude information in the second GPS positioning signal;
and calculating the second distance according to the second measurement distance and the GPS positioning precision.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein calculating the second measured distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the longitude information and the latitude information in the first GPS positioning signal and the longitude information and the latitude information in the second GPS positioning signal comprises:
D＝R·arccos[sin(wA)sin(wB)+cos(wA)cos(wB)·cos(jA-jB)]
wherein D is the second measurement distance, R is the radius of the earth, jA is longitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, wA is latitude information of the vehicle in the first GPS signal, jB is accuracy information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal, and wB is latitude information of the user terminal in the second GPS signal.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein calculating the second distance based on the second measured distance and the GPS positioning accuracy comprises:
and calculating the difference value between the second measurement distance and the GPS positioning precision to obtain the second distance.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining from the first distance and the second distance whether the vehicle is within a safe distance required by the currently requested operation comprises:
judging the magnitude relation between the first distance and the second distance, and obtaining a corresponding safety interval according to a judgment result;
and judging whether the second distance falls into a corresponding safety interval, if so, enabling the vehicle to be within the safety distance of the operation requested to be executed currently, and if not, enabling the vehicle not to be within the safety distance of the operation requested to be executed currently.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the determining a magnitude relationship between the first distance and the second distance, and the obtaining a corresponding safety interval according to the determination result specifically includes:
if the first distance is greater than the second distance, the corresponding security intervals are (D1+ M2+ D2, M1+ D1), and if the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the corresponding security intervals are (D1+ M1+ D2, M2+ D1), where M1 is the first distance, M2 is the second distance, D1 is the bluetooth positioning error of the user terminal, and D2 is the GPS positioning error of the user terminal.
9. A user terminal for preventing relay attacks on a vehicle, the user terminal being paired with the vehicle, comprising a first Bluetooth unit, a first GPS positioning unit, a first distance calculating unit, a second distance calculating unit, and a processing unit, wherein,
the first Bluetooth unit is used for acquiring a Bluetooth radio frequency signal and a first GPS positioning signal for positioning the vehicle after the user terminal passes the safety certification with the vehicle;
the first GPS positioning unit is used for acquiring a second GPS positioning signal of the user terminal;
the first distance calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a first distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the Bluetooth radio frequency signal;
the second distance calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a second distance between the vehicle and the user terminal according to the first GPS positioning signal and the second GPS positioning signal;
and the processing unit is used for judging whether the vehicle is within a safety distance required by the operation which is requested to be executed currently according to the first distance and the second distance, if so, executing the corresponding operation, and otherwise, generating an alarm prompt instruction.
10. A system for preventing vehicle relay attack, comprising a vehicle and the user terminal of claim 10, wherein the vehicle comprises a second GPS location unit and a second Bluetooth unit, wherein,
the second GPS positioning unit is used for acquiring the first GPS positioning signal and sending the first GPS positioning signal to the second Bluetooth unit;
the second Bluetooth unit is used for receiving the first GPS positioning signal and sending a Bluetooth radio frequency signal for positioning the vehicle and the first GPS positioning signal.
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