CN111954019A - Streaming media coding and decoding method and system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast - Google Patents
Streaming media coding and decoding method and system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
- H04N21/218—Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
- H04N21/2187—Live feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
- H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
Abstract
The invention discloses a streaming media coding and decoding method for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast, which comprises the following steps of: s1: preprocessing a streaming media file; s2: encoding processing; s3: streaming media data transmission, S4: decoding processing; s5: and (5) decoding and buffering. The invention realizes decoding buffering when the streaming media client decodes the received streaming media file, compensates for the delay jitter influence, synthesizes the decoded data packets, ensures the correct sequence of the data packets, enables the streaming media data to be continuously output, improves the fluency during playing, automatically deletes and cleans the played data stream, realizes the purpose of reusing the cache space to cache the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence, improves the response efficiency of a system, simultaneously realizes the preprocessing of the video and audio data, converts the video and audio media files in various formats into the streaming media files in MWV and RW formats, and carries out head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coding and decoding, in particular to a streaming media coding and decoding method and system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcasting.
Background
Streaming media refers to a technology and a process of compressing a series of media data, sending the data in segments on the network, and transmitting video and audio on the network in real time for viewing, wherein the technology enables data packets to be sent like streaming; if the technology is not used, the whole media file is downloaded before use, the streaming transmission can transmit the on-site video or the film pre-stored in the server, when the viewer watches the video files, the video data is played by the specific playing software immediately after the video data reaches the computer of the viewer
The stream media coding and decoding are used for coding, transmitting, decoding and playing stream media data, at present, the stream media coding and decoding are mostly processed by adopting a traditional video coding and decoding mode, but the coding processing lacks a measure for preprocessing the video and audio data, and meanwhile, because the time from a data packet to a client is delayed, when the decoding and playing are carried out, the stream media data cannot be continuously output due to the delay and jitter which influence the sequence of the data packet, so that the playing is stopped.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a stream media coding and decoding method for realizing low-delay ultra-high-definition live broadcast comprises the following steps:
s1: preprocessing a streaming media file; preprocessing the collected streaming media file, wherein the preprocessing of the streaming media file comprises streaming media file conversion and streaming media file editing;
s2: encoding processing; encoding the preprocessed streaming media file, wherein the encoding processing consists of intra-frame prediction, motion estimation, motion compensation, discrete cosine transform, quantization, block filtering, reordering and entropy encoding;
s3: streaming media data transmission, wherein the coded streaming media file is transmitted to a streaming media client by adopting RTCP/TCP;
s4: decoding processing; the streaming media client decodes the received streaming media file, wherein the decoding process is composed of entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transformation, motion compensation, intra-frame prediction and deblocking filtering;
s5: decoding and buffering, namely, realizing decoding and buffering when a streaming media client decodes a received streaming media file, compensating for the influence of delay jitter, synthesizing decoded data packets, and ensuring correct sequence of the data packets so as to continuously output streaming media data.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in the step S1, the streaming media file conversion in the streaming media file preprocessing is to convert the video and audio media files in various formats into streaming media files in MWV and RW formats.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the editing of the streaming media file in the preprocessing of the streaming media file in step S1 is to perform editing such as head and tail, superposition, mosaic processing, etc. on the streaming media file.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the decoding process of step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s2.1: reading in a first frame, using the first frame as an I frame, carrying out intra-frame coding, then carrying out discrete cosine transform and quantization processing, then converting two-dimensional redundant data into one-dimensional data by adopting Z-shaped scanning, and then carrying out entropy coding;
s2.2: setting the next read frame as P frame, making inter-frame prediction on P frame, eliminating the redundant information of frame and frame in time by inter-frame prediction, making motion estimation and motion compensation, and making discrete cosine transform, quantization, Z-scan and entropy coding on redundant data block.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the decoding and buffering process of step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
s4.1: reading in a compressed data stream, carrying out entropy decoding by taking a frame as a unit, then carrying out inverse Z scanning on the decoded data, reproducing one-dimensional redundant data into a two-dimensional data block, then carrying out inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine transform, decoding a first frame I frame in a data stream sequence by adopting an intra-frame prediction method, and using the first frame I frame as a reference frame of a subsequent frame;
s4.2: decoding the P frame, performing entropy decoding, inverse Z-shaped scanning, inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine change, and then performing motion compensation on the current frame by combining the reference frame, so that the data of the current frame can be restored, and the process of decoding the P frame is completed.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the decoding and buffering process of step S5 further includes the steps of:
s5.1: data stream storage identification; processing the data stream by adopting an annular linked list structure, and automatically identifying whether the data stream is played or not;
s5.2: deleting the data stream; and deleting and cleaning the played data stream automatically, and realizing the purpose of caching the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence by reusing the cache space.
A stream media coding and decoding system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast comprises a preprocessing unit, a coding processing unit, a data transmission module, a decoding processing unit and a decoding buffer processing unit;
the output end of the preprocessing unit is connected with the input end of the coding processing unit, the coding processing unit is in communication connection with the decoding processing unit through the data transmission module, and the output end of the decoding processing unit is connected with the input end of the decoding buffer processing unit
The data transmission module is used for transmitting the encoded streaming media file to a streaming media client and decoding the encoded streaming media file by the decoding processing unit, and the decoding buffer processing unit is used for caching a data packet decoded by the decoding processing unit.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the preprocessing unit comprises a file conversion module and a file editing module;
the file conversion module is used for converting the video and audio media file into a file format of streaming media;
the file editing module is used for performing head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing on the files.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the decoding buffer processing unit comprises a decoding buffer, a synthesis module, a storage identification module and a deletion module;
the storage identification module is used for storing the data packets decoded by the decoding processing unit in a decoding buffer according to the annular linked list structure and identifying the data packets;
the synthesis module is used for synthesizing a plurality of data packets into video and audio objects according to the sequence and playing the video and audio objects;
and the deleting module is used for automatically deleting the played data packet.
The invention provides a streaming media coding and decoding method and a system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast, which have the following beneficial effects:
the method and the system for realizing the low-delay ultrahigh-definition live streaming media coding and decoding realize decoding buffering when a streaming media client decodes a received streaming media file, make up for delay jitter influence, synthesize decoded data packets, ensure correct sequence of the data packets, continuously output streaming media data, improve fluency during playing, automatically delete and clean the played data stream, reuse cache space to cache the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence, improve the efficiency of system response, simultaneously realize preprocessing of the video and audio data, convert the video and audio media files in various formats into the streaming media files in MWV and RW formats, and carry out head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a streaming media encoding and decoding system for implementing low-delay ultra-high-definition live broadcast according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a decoding and buffering unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a streaming media encoding and decoding method for realizing low-delay ultra-high-definition live broadcasting comprises the following steps:
s1: preprocessing a streaming media file; preprocessing the collected streaming media file, wherein the preprocessing of the streaming media file comprises streaming media file conversion and streaming media file editing;
s2: encoding processing; encoding the preprocessed streaming media file, wherein the encoding processing consists of intra-frame prediction, motion estimation, motion compensation, discrete cosine transform, quantization, block filtering, reordering and entropy encoding;
s3: streaming media data transmission, wherein the coded streaming media file is transmitted to a streaming media client by adopting RTCP/TCP;
s4: decoding processing; the streaming media client decodes the received streaming media file, wherein the decoding process is composed of entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transformation, motion compensation, intra-frame prediction and deblocking filtering;
s5: decoding and buffering, namely, realizing decoding and buffering when a streaming media client decodes a received streaming media file, compensating for the influence of delay jitter, synthesizing decoded data packets, and ensuring correct sequence of the data packets so as to continuously output streaming media data.
In the step S1, the streaming media file conversion in the streaming media file preprocessing is to convert the video and audio media files in various formats into streaming media files in MWV and RW formats.
The editing of the streaming media file in the preprocessing of the streaming media file in step S1 is to perform editing such as header and footer editing, overlay editing, mosaic editing, and the like on the streaming media file.
The decoding process of step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s2.1: reading in a first frame, using the first frame as an I frame, carrying out intra-frame coding, then carrying out discrete cosine transform and quantization processing, then converting two-dimensional redundant data into one-dimensional data by adopting Z-shaped scanning, and then carrying out entropy coding;
s2.2: setting the next read frame as P frame, making inter-frame prediction on P frame, eliminating the redundant information of frame and frame in time by inter-frame prediction, making motion estimation and motion compensation, and making discrete cosine transform, quantization, Z-scan and entropy coding on redundant data block.
The decoding and buffering process of step S5 includes the following steps:
s4.1: reading in a compressed data stream, carrying out entropy decoding by taking a frame as a unit, then carrying out inverse Z scanning on the decoded data, reproducing one-dimensional redundant data into a two-dimensional data block, then carrying out inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine transform, decoding a first frame I frame in a data stream sequence by adopting an intra-frame prediction method, and using the first frame I frame as a reference frame of a subsequent frame;
s4.2: decoding the P frame, performing entropy decoding, inverse Z-shaped scanning, inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine change, and then performing motion compensation on the current frame by combining the reference frame, so that the data of the current frame can be restored, and the process of decoding the P frame is completed.
The decoding buffering process of step S5 further includes the steps of:
s5.1: data stream storage identification; processing the data stream by adopting an annular linked list structure, and automatically identifying whether the data stream is played or not;
s5.2: deleting the data stream; and deleting and cleaning the played data stream automatically, and realizing the purpose of caching the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence by reusing the cache space.
A stream media coding and decoding system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast comprises a preprocessing unit, a coding processing unit, a data transmission module, a decoding processing unit and a decoding buffer processing unit;
the output end of the preprocessing unit is connected with the input end of the coding processing unit, the coding processing unit is in communication connection with the decoding processing unit through the data transmission module, and the output end of the decoding processing unit is connected with the input end of the decoding buffer processing unit
The data transmission module is used for transmitting the encoded streaming media file to the streaming media client and decoding the encoded streaming media file by the decoding processing unit, and the decoding buffer processing unit is used for caching a data packet decoded by the decoding processing unit.
The preprocessing unit comprises a file conversion module and a file editing module; the file conversion module is used for converting the video and audio media file into a file format of streaming media; the file editing module is used for performing head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing on the files.
The decoding buffer processing unit comprises a decoding buffer, a synthesis module, a storage identification module and a deletion module; the storage identification module is used for storing the data packets decoded by the decoding processing unit in a decoding buffer according to the annular linked list structure and identifying the data packets; the synthesis module is used for synthesizing the plurality of data packets into video and audio objects according to the sequence and playing the video and audio objects; and the deleting module is used for automatically deleting the played data packet.
The method realizes decoding buffering when a streaming media client decodes the received streaming media file, compensates for delay jitter influence, synthesizes decoded data packets, ensures correct sequence of the data packets, enables the streaming media data to be continuously output, improves fluency during playing, automatically deletes and cleans the played data stream, realizes caching of the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence by using a cache space again, improves the response efficiency of a system, simultaneously realizes preprocessing of the video and audio data, converts the video and audio media files in various formats into the streaming media files in MWV and RW formats, and performs head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A stream media coding and decoding method for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preprocessing a streaming media file; preprocessing the collected streaming media file, wherein the preprocessing of the streaming media file comprises streaming media file conversion and streaming media file editing;
s2: encoding processing; encoding the preprocessed streaming media file, wherein the encoding processing consists of intra-frame prediction, motion estimation, motion compensation, discrete cosine transform, quantization, block filtering, reordering and entropy encoding;
s3: streaming media data transmission, wherein the coded streaming media file is transmitted to a streaming media client by adopting RTCP/TCP;
s4: decoding processing; the streaming media client decodes the received streaming media file, wherein the decoding process is composed of entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transformation, motion compensation, intra-frame prediction and deblocking filtering;
s5: decoding and buffering, namely, realizing decoding and buffering when a streaming media client decodes a received streaming media file, compensating for the influence of delay jitter, synthesizing decoded data packets, and ensuring correct sequence of the data packets so as to continuously output streaming media data.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the streaming media file conversion in the step S1 of pre-processing the streaming media file is converting the video/audio media files in various formats into streaming media files in MWV and RW formats.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the editing of the streaming media file in the step S1 of pre-processing the streaming media file is editing the streaming media file by header and footer editing, overlaying, mosaic editing, and the like.
4. The method for encoding and decoding streaming media to achieve low-latency ultra-high-definition live broadcasting according to claim 1, wherein the decoding processing in step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
s2.1: reading in a first frame, using the first frame as an I frame, carrying out intra-frame coding, then carrying out discrete cosine transform and quantization processing, then converting two-dimensional redundant data into one-dimensional data by adopting Z-shaped scanning, and then carrying out entropy coding;
s2.2: setting the next read frame as P frame, making inter-frame prediction on P frame, eliminating the redundant information of frame and frame in time by inter-frame prediction, making motion estimation and motion compensation, and making discrete cosine transform, quantization, Z-scan and entropy coding on redundant data block.
5. The method for encoding and decoding streaming media to achieve low-latency ultra-high-definition live broadcasting according to claim 1, wherein the decoding and buffering processing of step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
s4.1: reading in a compressed data stream, carrying out entropy decoding by taking a frame as a unit, then carrying out inverse Z scanning on the decoded data, reproducing one-dimensional redundant data into a two-dimensional data block, then carrying out inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine transform, decoding a first frame I frame in a data stream sequence by adopting an intra-frame prediction method, and using the first frame I frame as a reference frame of a subsequent frame;
s4.2: decoding the P frame, performing entropy decoding, inverse Z-shaped scanning, inverse quantization and inverse discrete cosine change, and then performing motion compensation on the current frame by combining the reference frame, so that the data of the current frame can be restored, and the process of decoding the P frame is completed.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decoding and buffering process of step S5 further includes the following steps:
s5.1: data stream storage identification; processing the data stream by adopting an annular linked list structure, and automatically identifying whether the data stream is played or not;
s5.2: deleting the data stream; and deleting and cleaning the played data stream automatically, and realizing the purpose of caching the content which is not played in the subsequent sequence by reusing the cache space.
7. A stream media coding and decoding system for realizing low-delay ultrahigh-definition live broadcast is characterized by comprising a preprocessing unit, a coding processing unit, a data transmission module, a decoding processing unit and a decoding buffer processing unit;
the output end of the preprocessing unit is connected with the input end of the coding processing unit, the coding processing unit is in communication connection with the decoding processing unit through the data transmission module, and the output end of the decoding processing unit is connected with the input end of the decoding buffer processing unit
The data transmission module is used for transmitting the encoded streaming media file to a streaming media client and decoding the encoded streaming media file by the decoding processing unit, and the decoding buffer processing unit is used for caching a data packet decoded by the decoding processing unit.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the preprocessing unit comprises a file conversion module and a file editing module;
the file conversion module is used for converting the video and audio media file into a file format of streaming media;
the file editing module is used for performing head and tail, superposition and mosaic editing processing on the files.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the decoding buffer processing unit comprises a decoding buffer, a synthesizing module, a storage identifying module, and a deleting module;
the storage identification module is used for storing the data packets decoded by the decoding processing unit in a decoding buffer according to the annular linked list structure and identifying the data packets;
the synthesis module is used for synthesizing a plurality of data packets into video and audio objects according to the sequence and playing the video and audio objects;
and the deleting module is used for automatically deleting the played data packet.
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