CN111950837B

CN111950837B - Internet of things quality state coding method suitable for electronic products

Info

Publication number: CN111950837B
Application number: CN202010473450.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李四杰; 尚优
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2020-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2024-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-29
Also published as: CN111950837A

Abstract

The invention provides a quality state coding method for electronic products, which is named IQSCT, describes the quality state of a part level by binary numbers and is used for remanufacturing treatment of recycled products in an environment of the Internet of things. Through code evolution, manufacturers can take "PCB-part association", "disassemble-assemble logic", "cross-product part combination" into consideration for remanufacturing and write the preferred recycle disposal options in the form of conclusions to the original code. Based on IQSCT information service system of the invention, the system is positioned as the supplement of the computer integrated manufacturing system of the manufacturer, receives the quality state data transmitted by the Internet of things, and the output code is used as the basis of production implementation, thus realizing the low-cost, high-efficiency, predictable and traceable production mode.

Description

Internet of things quality state coding method suitable for electronic products

Technical Field

The invention relates to a coding technology, which is applied to the technical field of production operation, in particular to an Internet of things quality state coding method and system aiming at the remanufacturing problem of electronic products.

Background

The manufacturer can reduce the production cost by recycling the second-hand products and remanufacturing, thereby realizing recycling economy. Meanwhile, the modularized product structure greatly simplifies the production process, and changes the complicated remanufacturing problem into maintenance, replacement and supplement decisions of parts. However, in practical production, these "incomplete modular" structures, which are composed of PCBs (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit boards) and general components, are represented by electronic products, so that manufacturers cannot make ideal remanufacturing decisions based on the quality states of the respective components only, and special phenomena such as "PCB-component association", "disassembly-assembly logic", "cross-product component combination" need to be additionally considered, which results in significant increases in difficulty, time complexity and unstructured degree of remanufacturing cost analysis as decision basis, and finally weakens cost control and production efficiency of manufacturers until profits are obtained.

The information coding theory is combined with the Internet of things technologies such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and the like, and manufacturers can analyze production conditions and assist quality management through data streams, so that the method is a feasible path for solving the remanufacturing problem of electronic products. However, the coding theory is still limited to the transaction layer (i.e. daily management) as a whole, such as RFID coding for identifying parts, epcs coding for exchanging product information, etc., and is not suitable for production decisions.

The conventional remanufacturing decision method has the following defects facing the electronic product: (1) If all possible quality state composition modes are traversed, for electronic products with numerous parts and complex structures, cost analysis is an exponential operation process, and the cost analysis is low in efficiency and does not meet the target of low energy consumption of the Internet of things; (2) If the cost analysis is performed according to the operations actually performed by remanufacturing, the recovery collection, cost analysis and remanufacturing implementation work cannot be performed in parallel, production delay is generated due to the replenishment demand (replenishment of parts) generated in real time, and the production efficiency is reduced; (3) If a common 0-1 variable is used for establishing a production plan model, the model has the defects of information redundancy, fuzzy meaning and poor expansibility, and is difficult to apply to actual production even if the model is theoretically correct after being improved; (4) If the decision is made only based on the available processing options for a single product, the special remanufacturing mode of combining parts using multiple recycled products, even multiple types of recycled products, is omitted, and the production cost is greatly saved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency, actual separation and the like of the existing method, the invention provides a coding method and a coding system which are suitable for the environment of the Internet of things and are used for representing the quality state of an electronic product, and a manufacturer is assisted to analyze the quality state of the electronic product, reproduce the quality state of the electronic product and make a reproduce decision.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a quality state coding method of the Internet of things for electronic products comprises the following steps:

Step1, constructing a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the quality states of electronic product parts and binary numbers based on IQSCT coding tables;

step 2, acquiring running state data of the electronic product from a sensor through the Internet of things, judging the quality state of the parts, referring to a IQSCT coding table in combination with the conclusion of manual inspection, and distributing 2-bit IQSCT codes for the parts of the recycled product;

Step 3, based on the relation of PCB-parts, adjusting the quality state of the parts, writing the damage information of the PCB, and evolving IQSCT to 3 bits;

Step 4, calculating expected cost based on the disassembling-assembling logic, optimizing disposal options, writing abandon information of the PCB, and evolving IQSCT to 4 bits;

Step 5, calculating expected cost based on the disassembly-assembly logic, solving a combination optimization model based on the cross-product part combination, and optimizing treatment options from available options;

Step6, writing information overruling remanufacturing according to the treatment option preference result, and evolving IQSCT bits to 5 bits;

and 7, continuing to complete other steps and coding evolution when needed, and outputting a production decision of a part level based on IQSCT of evolution completion.

Further, the step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

the "exclusive OR by bit" ("AND" and "logical AND) operators read the quality state and part type represented by 2 bits IQSCT, as follows:

or 0b0 respectively refers to the quality state of the part j in the recycled product si of the SKU with the type i, wherein the quality state of the part j is x or not x, and x is {0b0,0b1,0b10,0b11}; /(I) Or 0b0 refers to i type SKU, the type of the component j is y or not y, y e {0b0,0b1,0b10}, and all components are divided into 4 quality states: 0b0 missing, 0b1 normal, 0b10 repairable, 0b11 unrepairable.

Identifying unrepairable PCBs by adjusting B-type components to be unrepairable except for the defects:

Evolution of bit 2 IQSCT to bit 3 IQSCT occurs via equation (2).

Further, the step 4 specifically includes the following steps:

taking 3 bits IQSCT obtained in the step 3 as input, performing cost calculation through a formula (3) and a formula (4):

Wherein,

Wherein, C _si,d is the cost of're-manufacturing si after replacing PCB', C _j,a_j,d_j,r_j,w_j is the unit purchasing cost, unit assembling cost, unit disassembling cost, unit repairing cost and unit discarding cost of the component j, and the values are all more than or equal to 0;

The cost of "remanufacturing si with original PCB" C _si,a is calculated by:

Wherein,

Wherein Q _si(0≤q≤Q_si -1) represents the number of unrepairable B-type parts in the reclaimed product si,Indicating the risk of un-repairable disassembly of the PCB due to a single disassembly operation.

When the remanufacturing cost of the replacement PCB is smaller than that of the remanufacturing cost of the existing PCB, the existing PCB is reserved, otherwise, the PCB is abandoned, and the disposal conclusion is written into the original 2-3 bits IQSCT codes through the following formula:

Wherein, Round () is a round-down function, and bin () is a binary conversion function from decimal to binary.

Further, the step 5 specifically includes the following steps:

Searching for an optimal disposal option for the whole for each recycle, and realizing the cross-product part combination with optimal cost to form a combination optimization model shown in a formula (6):

The number of available options in the model (6) is equal to 5, wherein a decision variable ns _sj refers to the number of additionally purchased sj type parts, sj is the part model number of the parts j of the I type SKU in the whole SKU, sj epsilon [0,I-1] is the number of the PCB, sj epsilon [ I, I+K _A ] is the number of the A type parts, and sj epsilon [ I+K _A,I+K_A+K_B -1] is the number of the B type parts; d _si,u =1 or 0 refers to the disposition option with or without "remanufacturing after PCB replacement" for recycle si, d _si,r =1 or 0 refers to the disposition option with or without "retaining existing PCB and remanufacturing with old", respectively, and so on; r _si,pcb＝flag_si,0 denotes repairable case of the PCB; b _ij,sj =1 or 0 means that part j of the i-type SKU has part number sj or not sj in the whole SKU; b _ij,A =1 or B _ij,B =1 means that the component j of the SKU of the i model belongs to the class a or the class B, respectively; os _si,j = 1 or 0 indicates that the j-type component in the recycle sj is available or unavailable; e (si), E (j) ∈ [0,1] refers to the desired number of products or parts that can be obtained if si is remanufactured and if part j is disassembled, respectively.

Further, the step 6 specifically includes the following steps:

writing IQSCT the "overrule remanufacturing" information by equation (7) encodes, evolving IQSCT to 5 bits:

the invention also provides a quality state coding system suitable for the electronic product, which comprises an information fusion module, a coding evolution module, a single-product-level treatment option optimization module and a multi-product-level treatment option optimization module.

The information fusion module obtains running state data of the electronic product from the sensor through the Internet of things, combines a conclusion of manual inspection, applies an information fusion method, and outputs quality state original data of the part level.

The code evolution module is used for realizing the following functions:

Inputting quality state original data, distributing codes according to a coding table, and outputting 2 bits IQSCT codes;

Inputting a 2-bit IQSCT code, marking the damage condition of the PCB, adjusting the quality state of the part based on the 'PCB-part association', and outputting a 3-bit IQSCT code;

inputting 2-3 bits IQSCT codes, calling a single product grade disposal option optimization module, marking information whether the PCB is abandoned or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 4 bits IQSCT codes;

Inputting 2-4 bits IQSCT codes, calling a multi-product combination level treatment option optimization module, marking information about whether remanufacturing is overruled or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 5 bits IQSCT codes;

inputting 2-5 bits IQSCT codes, calling a multi-product combination level treatment option optimization module, marking whether to discard the information for disassembling the B-type parts or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 6 bits IQSCT codes;

And the like, until the codes of 2-n-1 bits IQSCT are input, executing other steps, marking corresponding information, and outputting n-bit IQSCT codes.

The single product grade disposal option optimization module calculates disposal cost for a single product according to inputted 2-3 bits IQSCT codes, and relates to disposal options including discarding existing PCBs and reserving the existing PCBs.

The multi-product-level treatment option optimization module firstly calculates the treatment cost of available options for single products according to the input 2-4 bits or higher IQSCT codes, then establishes a cost minimization combination optimization model across multiple products, regards the available options as decision variables, and takes the solved preferred treatment options as the output of the module.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The invention combines the manufacturing industry, in particular to the concrete situation of an ATO (assembly-to-Order) manufacturer of an electronic product and the production practice of driving and remanufacturing of the Internet of things, firstly introduces binary numbers and Boolean algebra as coding assignment and coding evolution methods of product quality states, and brings related information of product production and remanufacturing into the coding, realizes remanufacturing decision based on coding reading, and better solves the problem of remanufacturing pain caused by the particularity of the electronic product.

2. The adopted IQSCT coding assignment and the corresponding meaning are more visual, do not need to have professional knowledge and skills, and reduce the deployment threshold and the early investment of manufacturers; the coding evolution process of IQSCT is matched with each remanufacturing link and is suitable for each remanufacturing link, the original production flow is not changed, and the access wish of manufacturers is improved; the cost analysis and remanufacturing decision based on IQSCT can effectively and efficiently process the troublesome problems of PCB-part association, disassembly-assembly logic, part combination and the like, and meets the actual demands of manufacturers for reducing remanufacturing cost, improving utilization rate and improving production efficiency; IQSCT is compatible with the environment of the Internet of things, can better utilize the low-energy-consumption technical characteristics of the Internet of things, can expand functions according to new future requirements at any time, and serves for production practice.

3. The invention focuses on the actual demands of manufacturers, realizes the part-level depiction of the quality state of the electronic product, and can more accurately and efficiently carry out the remanufacturing cost analysis, thereby enabling the remanufacturing decision of the manufacturers to be circulated; and the code can realize seamless joint with the internet of things system, so that the operation management level of electronic product manufacturers is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a IQSCT coding table and code evolution process according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the relationship of IQSCT encoded information streams and manufacturer entity product streams of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the basic assignment process of IQSCT codes of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a quality status encoding system for electronic products constructed in accordance with the present invention and its positioning in a computer integrated manufacturing system.

Fig. 5 shows the "information fusion" function module of the above system.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the "code evolution" function of the system described above.

Fig. 7 is a "single product level handling option preferred" functional module of the system described above.

Fig. 8 is a "multi-product combination level treatment option preferred" functional module of the system described above.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a quality status encoding method suitable for electronic products, i.e. IQSCT, is an english shorthand of Internet of things quality status encoding table (Internet-of-Things Quality Status Coding Table). The "quality state" is a comprehensive concept of the working state, expected remaining life, appearance color formation and the like of the electronic product, and is obtained by fusing information from three sources: observation readings of the physical sensor, reference readings of the virtual sensor, and conclusions of manual inspection.

Fig. 4 shows the functional structure of the internet of things quality status encoding system based on the method of the present invention and its connection to other systems in a Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS). The system can be regarded as the supplement of CIMS, provides production basis for a production/manufacturing system, and guides how to dispose each recycled product in storage; and sending a treatment conclusion to the transaction processing system for each department to track the production progress. In addition, the information service system of the Internet of things gathers quality state information of multiple sources, and inputs the information into the system for information fusion; the decision support system is used as a reference for adjusting key operation parameters (such as dismantling risk value) of the system.

The method of the invention comprises the following 7 steps.

And step 1, constructing IQSCT a binary coding table, namely the corresponding relation between the quality state data of the parts and IQSCT assignment.

IQSCT uses a scalable binary number to assign a value, and a IQSCT code is represented by the notation flag _si,j for the quality status of part j in the recycle si. IQSCT has a base code length of 2 bits, i.e., flag _si,j e {0b0,0b1,0b10,0b11}, corresponding to the four base quality states of each component. Following the remanufacturing flow, the code length of IQSCT can be extended from 2 bits to 3 bits, 4 bits, and up to n bits, as shown in fig. 1. The longer the code length, the more information the IQSCT code value contains. Thus, depending on the number of binary bits, it is divided into 2 bits IQSCT, 3 bits IQSCT, 4 bits IQSCT, and so on, up to n bits IQSCT. The code updating from low order to high order is realized by a given code evolution rule.

In bit 2 IQSCT, a binary number of 0 (0 b 0) indicates that the part is missing, i.e., the part is not found by the current product; 0b1 indicates that the parts are normal and do not need special treatment; 0b10 indicates that the component is abnormal but can be repaired, namely the component can be recovered to be normal after repair although not working normally; and 0b11 indicates that the parts are abnormal and cannot be repaired, namely the parts are damaged and cannot be repaired, and the parts can be replaced by normal parts after being disassembled. In the 3 bits IQSCT, 0b0 to 0b11 have the same meaning as the 2 bits IQSCT (which indicates that IQSCT is downward compatible), 0b100 corresponds to the 3 bits expansion value of 0b0, the part is missing, the PCB of the product to which the part belongs is damaged (cannot be repaired), 0b101 corresponds to the 3 bits expansion value of 0b1, the part is normal, the PCB of the product is damaged, and so on. Binary assignments for bits 4 through n IQSCT are shown in Table 1. Table 1 is IQSCT code tables, including code values using binary and decimal representations, corresponding meanings of each code value, and information inclusion relationships between different code lengths, as follows:

TABLE 1

And 2, receiving quality state data transmitted by the Internet of things by using an information fusion module, judging the quality state of the parts, referring to a IQSCT coding table in combination with the conclusion of manual inspection, and distributing 2-bit IQSCT codes for the parts of the recycled products.

Fig. 5 illustrates a process of determining a quality status of a component using the information fusion module, as follows. (1) Manufacturers obtain recycled products from consumers, recycling enterprises, etc., and put them in storage, including waste products, second-hand products, after-sales recycled products, returns, non-sales stock, etc.; (2) Sensing the state attribute of the recovered product, such as working voltage, battery loss condition and the like, by using an entity sensor formed by a sensitive element and a conversion element; (3) Reading historical usage records (equivalent to virtual sensors) stored in the recovery product and the database, and calculating by applying a preset mathematical model to obtain reference readings, such as converting the cycle number of the battery cell or the erasing number of the memory chip into the residual service life of a percentage; (4) The information fusion module is applied to comprehensively judge the quality state of the part level, and quality state data is generated in the form of scoring (for example, 100 points in full) or text expression; (5) Manual inspection is arranged on parts which are difficult to cover by the sensor, such as interface abrasion, surface scratches and the like.

Fig. 4 depicts the process of allocating 2 bits IQSCT one by one for quality status flags _si,j of recycled parts, as follows. (1) If the part is missing, assigning 0b0, otherwise continuing; (2) If the quality state data indicate that the parts are normal, the problem is not found in the manual inspection, the value of 0b1 is assigned, and otherwise, the operation is continued; (3) If the data prompt is normal, but the manual inspection finds a small problem which can be repaired, or the data prompt is abnormal, but the manual inspection considers that the problem can be repaired, and the value of 0b10 is assigned; (4) the remaining parts are assigned a value of 0b11. Thus, all parts are divided into 4 mass states: 0b0 missing, 0b1 normal, 0b10 repairable, 0b11 unrepairable. If the quality state data is a scoring system, the quality state data should be converted according to rules.

And 3, applying a coding evolution module, adjusting the quality state of the parts based on 'PCB-part association', writing the damage information of the PCB, and evolving IQSCT to 3 bits. The code evolution module supports various input values, and executes corresponding steps according to the different input values to output the evolved code.

"PCB-part association" means that because the electronic product is composed of a PCB and a common module, if a piece of recycled PCB is not repairable, such as a break or defect, the PCB must be replaced for remanufacturing, which results in the common parts (designated as class B parts) being tin soldered to the PCB and discarded, even though they were otherwise functioning properly. Therefore, for the unrepairable recycled PCB, the quality state of the B-class parts of the recycled PCB needs to be adjusted to be unrepairable, so that a feasible disposal conclusion can be finally obtained. However, the above adjustment is not applicable to missing parts and should be distinguished.

The coding evolution module provided by the method realizes the adjustment operation based on the logical operation of Boolean algebra, as shown in a formula (1) and a formula (2). First, in equation (1), the code evolution module reads the quality state and part type represented by bits 2 IQSCT, by the bitwise exclusive OR ()' and logical AND (and) operators.

Or 0b0 refers to the recovered product si of the i model SKU (StockKeepingUnit, stock unit), the quality state of the part j is x or not x, x is {0b0,0b1,0b10,0b11}; /(I)Or 0B0 refers to i type SKU, the type of the component j is y or not y, y e {0B0,0B1,0B10} (i.e. class a, class B or PCB).

The PCB (0 b 0) is a mounting substrate of the components, and is provided with a socket or a wire arrangement seat for connecting the A-type components (0 b 1) by a wire arrangement, such as a liquid crystal screen, a driving device, a lithium battery and the like; meanwhile, through holes and bonding pads are arranged for fixing B-type parts (0B 10) in a way of through-hole, SMT (surface mount technology) and the like, such as a processor, a memory chip, a power IC and the like.

The disassembly risk of the B-class parts is represented by potential cost items and process variation, and the parameter value of the disassembly risk is given by a manufacturer in advance. Preferably, with the aid of the decision support system, the manufacturer can combine historical experience with real-time data, and characteristics of production environment and products, and introduce some data analysis and prediction methods to reasonably adjust parameter values.

Subsequently, equation (2) identifies a non-repairable PCB, and adjusts its class B components to be non-repairable, except for the absence.

Through equation (2), IQSCT is evolved to 3 bits, the input and output values of which are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

Step 4, applying a single product level disposal option preference module, calculating an expected cost based on the 'disassemble-assemble logic', preferably disposing options, writing disposal information of the PCB, and evolving IQSCT to 4 bits. The module can be called by the code evolution module.

"Disassemble-assemble logic" means that when a product has a type B component damaged, the operation of disassembling the type B component runs the risk of causing PCB damage, thereby affecting the remaining type B components. Therefore, a prior cost analysis needs to be performed, and the disassembly risk is taken as a consideration to provide a basis for IQSCT to evolve from 3 bits to 4 bits.

And (3) using the single product level disposal option optimization module, taking 3 bits IQSCT obtained in the step (3) as input, executing cost calculation as shown in formulas (3) and (4), and outputting a result. C _si,d of equation (3) refers to the cost of "manufacturing si after PCB replacement".

Wherein,

In the formula, c _j,a_j,d_j,r_j,w_j represents the unit purchase cost, the unit assembly cost, the unit disassembly cost, the unit repair cost and the unit discarding cost of the part j, and the values are all more than or equal to 0.

C _si,a of equation (4) refers to the cost of "remanufacturing si with the original PCB".

Wherein,

When the remanufactured cost of replacing a PCB (calculated by equation (3)) is less than the cost of remanufacturing an existing PCB (calculated by equation (4)), the existing PCB is retained, otherwise the PCB is discarded. And (5) writing the treatment conclusion into the original 2-3 bit codes.

Wherein,Round () is a round-down function, and bin () is a binary conversion function from decimal to binary.

Through equation (5), IQSCT is evolved to 4 bits, the input and output values of which are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 Table 3

Step 5, applying a multi-product combination level treatment option optimization module to calculate expected cost based on the disassembly-assembly logic, and solving a combination optimization model based on the cross-product part combination, wherein the treatment option is optimized from available options.

"Cross-product component assembly" refers to the fact that a usable component of a recycled article, after disassembly, can be used in the remanufacturing of another or even multiple recycled articles. At this time, disposal options for the reclaimed product include: remanufacturing with a old piece after the PCB is replaced, retaining the existing PCB and remanufacturing with the old piece, disassembling all available parts, disassembling only class a available parts, disposing of waste, and the like. Here, the old part refers to the part disassembled from other recovered products, and the new part is used for replenishment after the old part is used up. Clearly, the manner in which each recycle is disposed of will affect the remanufacturing of the other recycle. Therefore, it is necessary to find an optimal disposal option for the whole for each recycle, and to realize a cross-product component assembly with optimal cost, thereby forming an assembly optimization model as shown in model (6).

Model (6) is an example when the number of available options is equal to 5", wherein decision variable ns _sj refers to the number of additional purchased sj model parts, sj is the part model number of part j of the I model SKU in the whole SKU, sj e [0,I-1] is the number of PCB, sj e [ I, i+k _A ] is the number of class a parts, sj e [ i+k _A,I+K_A+K_B -1] is the number of class B parts; d _si,u =1 or 0 refers to the option of disposing of recycled product si with or without "remanufacturing after PCB replacement" and d _si,r =1 or 0 refers to the option of disposing of "retaining existing PCB and remanufacturing with old" and d _si,o =1 or 0 refers to the option of disposing of "disassembling all available parts" and d _si,p =1 or 0 refers to the option of disposing of "disassembling only class a available parts" and d _si,w =1 or 0 refers to the option of disposing of "discard" respectively; r _si,pcb＝flag_si,0 denotes repairable case of the PCB; b _ij,sj =1 or 0 means that part j of the i-type SKU has part number sj or not sj in the whole SKU; b _ij,A =1 or B _ij,B =1 means that the component j of the SKU of the i model belongs to the class a or the class B, respectively; os _si,j = 1 or 0 indicates that the j-type component in the recycle sj is available or unavailable; e (si), E (j) ∈ [0,1] refers to the desired number of products or parts that can be obtained if si is remanufactured and if part j is disassembled, respectively.

The solution of the model is that,The output of the multi-product combination level treatment option optimization module is regarded as the basis of IQSCT subsequent evolution.

And 6, applying a coding evolution module, writing information overruling remanufacturing according to the treatment option preference result, and evolving IQSCT bits to 5 bits. Writing the information of discarding the disassembly of the B-class part, and evolving IQSCT to 6 bits. And so on until the recycle is assigned a preferred disposal option. The module can be called by the code evolution module and used as the basis for the IQSCT evolution to 5 bits and above. But the specific evolution to how many bits to stop depends on the manufacturer's real-world needs, i.e., the number of available processing options.

Let evolution to 5 bits be taken as an example for illustration:

Through combinatorial optimization, if the recycle preferred disposal option is not "remanufactured after PCB replacement" or "remanufactured with existing PCB," it is indicated that remanufacturing of the recycle is uneconomical. Equation (7) writes IQSCT codes to the information "overrule remanufacturing" and evolves IQSCT to 5 bits.

Applying equation (7), IQSCT is evolved to 5 bits, with the input and output values shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 Table 4

The IQSCT evolution rules of 6 bits, 7 bits, and up to higher bits are similar to equation (7), writing IQSCT the other treatment options related information sequentially until all recycles are assigned the preferred treatment options. In general, the last allocated disposal option should be "disposal," i.e., no longer utilizing the final remaining recyclates.

And 7, continuing to finish other steps and code evolution according to the requirement. Based on IQSCT of evolution completion, the system outputs a production decision of a part level, and the production decision is transmitted to each business department through the Internet of things to enter a production facility stage.

The manufacturer can make remanufacturing decision by only reading IQSCT code output values subjected to the basic assignment and code evolution operation, so that a targeted disposal option is adopted, and part replenishment (if parts need to be replaced) can be prepared in advance, thereby achieving the aims of high efficiency, high utilization rate and low cost.

It is further noted that by the evolution rules of the above steps, the high-order IQSCT still retains the information contained in the low-order IQSCT, e.g., the 3-bit IQSCT contains the information of the 2-bit IQSCT, and the 4-bit IQSCT contains the information of the 3-bit IQSCT. Similarly, manufacturers can embody the traceability, flexibility and stability of IQSCT according to the particularities of products and production flows and other personalized requirements until n-bit coding evolution rules and corresponding meanings are specified.

The invention also provides a quality state coding system (IQSCT information service system) suitable for the electronic product, which is used for receiving the quality state data transmitted by the Internet of things and outputting the decision conclusion stored in a coding form to other systems of the manufacturer. The system is positioned as a subsystem of the computer integrated manufacturing system, takes data reported by a sensor through the Internet of things as an information source, and outputs decision-making conclusions such as disposal options (including preferred processes) of recycled product parts and the like to business departments of the manufacturer through a network so as to mutually work cooperatively with other systems. The system consists of four functional modules: the system comprises an information fusion module, a coding evolution module, a single-product-level treatment option optimization module and a multi-product-level treatment option optimization module. The system is executable software. The connection relationship between the system and the computer integrated manufacturing system is shown in fig. 4.

The information fusion module obtains running state data of the electronic product from the sensor through the Internet of things, combines a conclusion of manual inspection, applies the information fusion method, outputs quality state original data of a part level, and then invokes the coding evolution module to carry out assignment and distribution of 2 bits IQSCT codes. The module is used for realizing part of the content of the step 2.

The code evolution module realizes code allocation and code evolution, and enters a corresponding flow according to different input values. The coding evolution module can realize multiple functions, namely, inputting quality state original data, distributing codes according to a coding table, and outputting 2-bit IQSCT codes; inputting a 2-bit IQSCT code, marking the damage condition of the PCB, adjusting the quality state of the parts based on the 'PCB-part association', and outputting a 3-bit IQSCT code; inputting 2-3 bits IQSCT codes, calling a single product level disposal option optimization module, marking information whether the PCB is abandoned or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 4 bits IQSCT codes; inputting 2-4 bits IQSCT codes, calling a multi-product combination level treatment option optimizing module (3 treatment options), marking information of whether the remanufacturing is overruled or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 5 bits IQSCT codes; fifthly, inputting 2-5 bits IQSCT codes, calling a multi-product combination level treatment option optimization module (4 treatment options), marking whether to discard the information of disassembling the B-type parts or not according to the output value of the module, and outputting 6 bits IQSCT codes; and the like, until the codes of 2-n-1 bits IQSCT are input, executing other steps, marking corresponding information, and outputting n-bit IQSCT codes.

The single product level disposal option preference module is used to calculate disposal costs for the single product based on the entered 2-3 bits IQSCT codes, involving disposal options with existing PCBs discarded and existing PCBs retained. The method comprises the steps of reserving probability synthesis of the existing PCB under the condition of disassembling risk parameters, wherein the probability synthesis of the two conditions of disassembling failure and disassembling success is reserved. The result of the calculation is taken as the output of the module.

The multi-product level treatment option preference module is used for encoding according to 2-4 or higher bits IQSCT of input, firstly calculating the treatment cost of the available options for single-piece products, then establishing a cost minimization combination optimization model across multiple products, regarding the available treatment options as decision variables, and taking the solved preferred treatment options as the output of the module.

The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the embodiment, and also comprises the technical scheme formed by any combination of the technical features. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The Internet of things quality state coding method for the electronic product is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

Step 5, calculating expected cost based on the disassembly-assembly logic, solving a combination optimization model based on the cross-product part combination, and optimizing treatment options from available options; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

Searching for an optimal disposal option for the whole for each recycle, and realizing the cross-product part combination with optimal cost to form a combination optimization model as shown in a model (6):

The number of available options in the model (6) is equal to 5, wherein a decision variable ns _sj refers to the number of additionally purchased sj type parts, sj is the part model number of the parts j of the I type SKU in the whole SKU, sj epsilon [0,I-1] is the number of the PCB, sj epsilon [ I, I+K _A ] is the number of the A type parts, and sj epsilon [ I+K _A,I+K_A+K_B -1] is the number of the B type parts; d _si,u =1 or 0 refers to the disposition option with or without "remanufacturing after PCB replacement" for recycle si, d _si,r =1 or 0 refers to the disposition option with or without "retaining existing PCB and remanufacturing with old", respectively, and so on; r _si,pcb＝flag_si,0 denotes repairable case of the PCB; b _ij,sj =1 or 0 means that part j of the i-type SKU has part number sj or not sj in the whole SKU; b _ij,A =1 or B _ij,B =1 means that the component j of the SKU of the i model belongs to the class a or the class B, respectively; os _si,j = 1 or 0 indicates that the j-type component in the recycle sj is available or unavailable; e (si), E (j) E [0,1] refers to the desired number of products or parts that can be obtained if si is remanufactured and if part j is disassembled, respectively;

2. The method for encoding the quality state of the internet of things for the electronic product according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:

the "bitwise logical exclusive OR" and "logical AND" operators read the quality state and part type represented by 2 bits IQSCT, as in equation (1):

Or 0b0 respectively refers to the quality state of the part j in the recycled product si of the SKU with the type i, wherein the quality state of the part j is x or not x, and x is {0b0,0b1,0b10,0b11}; /(I) Or 0b0 refers to i type SKU, the type of the component j is y or not y, y e {0b0,0b1,0b10}, and all components are divided into 4 quality states: 0b0 is deleted, 0b1 is normal, 0b10 is repairable, 0b11 is unrepairable;

Evolution of bit 2 IQSCT to bit 3 IQSCT occurs via equation (2).

3. The method for encoding the quality state of the internet of things for the electronic product according to claim 2, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:

Wherein,

the cost C _si,a of "remanufacturing si with original PCB" is calculated by equation (4):

Wherein,

Wherein Q _si(0≤q≤Q_si -1) represents the number of unrepairable B-type parts in the reclaimed product si,Representing the risk of unrepairable disassembly of the PCB caused by single disassembly operation accidents;

when the remanufacturing cost of the replacement PCB is smaller than that of the remanufacturing cost of the existing PCB, the existing PCB is reserved, otherwise, the PCB is abandoned, and the disposal conclusion is written into the original 2-3 bits IQSCT codes through the formula (5):

4. The method for encoding the quality state of the internet of things for the electronic product according to claim 1, wherein the step6 specifically comprises the following steps:

5. A quality state coding system suitable for electronic products, which is characterized by being used for realizing the internet of things quality state coding method for the electronic products according to any one of claims 1-4, and comprising an information fusion module, a coding evolution module, a single-product-level treatment option preference module and a multi-product-level treatment option preference module;

The information fusion module obtains running state data of the electronic product from the sensor through the Internet of things, combines a conclusion of manual inspection, applies an information fusion method, and outputs quality state original data of a part level;

the code evolution module is used for realizing the following functions:

and the like, until the codes of bits IQSCT from 2 to n-1 are input, executing other steps, marking corresponding information, and outputting codes of bits IQSCT;

the single product grade disposal option optimizing module calculates disposal cost for a single product according to inputted 2-3 bits IQSCT codes, and the disposal option is related to discarding the existing PCB and reserving the existing PCB;