CN111948511A - System and method for diagnosing faults of instrument control card - Google Patents
System and method for diagnosing faults of instrument control card Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis, and particularly discloses a system and a method for diagnosing faults of an instrument control card. The instrument control card module in the system is connected with a fault diagnosis module through a signal transmission module and a data acquisition module, and the acquisition module can acquire real-time state information of the instrument control card and transmit the information to the fault diagnosis module for fault diagnosis; the instrument control card module is connected with the simulation module through the remote monitoring module, and the simulation module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through the human-computer interaction diagnosis module. The system and the method can detect the functional integrity of the clamping piece, position and diagnose the fault of the clamping piece, implement preventive decision before the fault, quickly diagnose in the fault and absorb experience after the fault, thereby improving the reliable operation of key equipment, and reducing the maintenance and purchase cost of the clamping piece and the damage risk of nuclear power key equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a system and a method for diagnosing faults of an instrument control card.
Background
Analog electronic technology has been developed earlier and is the technology capable of reflecting most natural quantity, and although digital electronic technology has been developed rapidly due to some advantages in recent years and is even more capable of replacing analog circuits, in some important fields, analog circuits are the most important and most energy-consuming places, such as military industry field, electronic communication field, instruments and meters, and the like, because one indispensable link in these fields is to process complicated and nonlinear continuous natural quantity, and non-analog circuits capable of processing the quantity belong to the field. The analog circuit has higher fault probability due to the problems of tolerance, nonlinearity and the like of the analog circuit. In recent years, large-scale integration has become a new trend of analog circuit development, which inevitably increases the complexity and density of the circuit, and these features also bring more challenges to the reliable operation of the analog circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for diagnosing faults of an instrument control card, and solves the problems that the function detection of the existing instrument control card is incomplete, and the fault positioning and diagnosis analysis of the card cannot be effectively carried out.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a fault diagnosis system for an instrument control card comprises an instrument control card module, a fault diagnosis module, a simulation module and a remote monitoring module, wherein the instrument control card module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through a signal transmission module and a data acquisition module, and the acquisition module can acquire real-time state information of the instrument control card and transmit the information to the fault diagnosis module for fault diagnosis; the instrument control card module is connected with the simulation module through the remote monitoring module, and the simulation module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through the human-computer interaction diagnosis module; the remote monitoring module can perform signal processing and state monitoring on the instrument control card information transmitted to the simulation module, and the simulation module can perform fault simulation analysis on the instrument control card and perform automatic diagnosis and expert online interactive diagnosis by using the human-computer interaction diagnosis module and the fault diagnosis module.
The fault diagnosis module comprises a signal conditioning module, a data processor and a diagnosis terminal module, wherein the information conditioning module is directly connected with the data acquisition module and the human-computer interaction diagnosis module respectively; the information conditioning module is connected with the data processor through the A/D conversion module, and the data processor is connected with the diagnosis terminal module through the communication interface module; the communication interface module is also connected with a PC upper computer.
The remote monitoring module comprises a signal receiving module, a central processing unit module and a signal transmitting module, wherein the signal receiving module is connected with the instrument control clamping piece module, receives signals transmitted to the remote monitoring module from the instrument control clamping piece module, amplifies the signals by using a signal amplifier module connected with the signal receiving module, transmits the amplified signals to the central processing unit module connected with the signal amplifier module, processes the signals, and transmits the processed signals to the simulation module connected with the remote monitoring module through the signal transmitting module connected with the central processing unit module.
The simulation module comprises a data source collection module, a signal converter module and a diagnosis database module, wherein the data source collection module connected with the remote monitoring module is connected with the signal converter module through a wireless network transmission module, the data source collection module transmits signals transmitted from the remote monitoring module to the signal converter module through the wireless network transmission module after acquiring the signals, transmits the signals to the diagnosis data module connected with the signal converter module after processing the signals, and the diagnosis database module is connected with the human-computer interaction diagnosis module and transmits data in a diagnosis database to the human-computer interaction diagnosis module for diagnosis and analysis according to needs.
A method for diagnosing faults of instrument control cards comprises the following steps:
acquiring abnormal data of the instrument control card, and transmitting and storing fault data;
constructing a normal reference model and a fault reference model of an object system, synchronously operating a simulation system and an actual system in real time, analyzing, comparing and judging a simulation result and a real-time value of state monitoring, and implementing precise diagnosis;
carrying out comprehensive fault diagnosis on the basis of the fault tree;
forming an expert diagnosis system based on human-computer interaction expert diagnosis;
and (4) fault diagnosis is carried out on the clamping piece, and an expert diagnosis system is perfected through feedback.
The steps of carrying out fault diagnosis on the clamping piece and perfecting the expert diagnosis system comprise: and automatically diagnosing and analyzing the card faults by utilizing the expert system to obtain an analysis result, wherein the analysis result comprises analysis basis and further analysis prompt, the expert examines the automatic diagnosis result, tests to obtain the performance reduction and the accurate reason of the faults, and feeds back the test analysis and the final diagnosis result to the expert system to perfect the expert diagnosis system.
The expert diagnosis system comprises an inference machine, a database, a knowledge base and a man-machine interface, wherein the inference machine is in communication connection with the man-machine interface, meanwhile, the man-machine interface is connected with the inference machine through an inference interpretation mechanism and the database, and the man-machine interface is also connected with the inference machine through a knowledge acquisition mechanism and the knowledge base; the reasoning and explaining mechanism can explain the reasoning process of the diagnosis result so as to facilitate the expert to correct the diagnosis process and the knowledge base; the database stores the current equipment operation data and the health state information; the knowledge acquisition mechanism can acquire new expert knowledge from a diagnosis case or a man-machine interaction process and expand data information of a knowledge base; the knowledge base comprises static experience knowledge data information with expert experience as content and fault mode identification matrix data information obtained by calculating an equipment simulation model; the man-machine interface is also connected with the network communication interface, the data of the system is released to relevant experts through the network communication interface, and meanwhile, consultation information of remote experts can be collected.
The constructing of the normal reference model and the fault reference model of the object system specifically includes:
s1, establishing a hardware environment and carrying out online simulation;
constructing a hardware environment, and acquiring data capable of reflecting the fault characteristics of the card by using a data acquisition system and data processing;
s2, establishing a circuit simulation model and performing off-line simulation;
establishing a circuit simulation model by using simulation software, acquiring fault characteristic data of the clamping piece through a waveform viewing tool or a waveform data recording tool, and performing off-line simulation;
s3, establishing a state database;
acquiring state responses of the acquisition card in different modes, and establishing a state database;
s4, establishing a simulation system;
s41, establishing a simulation system of a normal mode;
establishing a functional simulation model for fault detection and determining a module to which a fault belongs by analyzing the functional principle of the clamping piece;
s42, establishing a simulation system of a fault mode;
the method comprises the following steps of dividing a functional circuit, extracting test points, analyzing effective fault modes, constructing a fault simulation model by using a functional principle, and performing fault injection simulation for diagnosing faults of the clamping piece;
s5, establishing a fault characteristic knowledge base;
and (5) operating the simulation system established in the S4 to form a fault characteristic knowledge base.
The fault characteristic knowledge base comprises an instrumentation card input set, a measuring point output set and a fault mode set; and the fault mode can be positioned to the corresponding fault mode through any numerical value in the instrument control card piece input set and the measuring point output set.
The abnormal data of the instrument control card piece is collected and transmitted to the PC user side through the serial interface, and when the fault data is confirmed to be received, the fault data stored in the instrument control card piece fault diagnosis system is subjected to covering processing.
The invention has the following remarkable effects: the system and the method for diagnosing the fault of the instrument control card piece can detect the functional integrity of the card piece, locate and diagnose the fault of the card piece, implement preventive decision before the fault, quickly diagnose the fault and absorb experience after the fault, thereby improving the reliable operation of key equipment and reducing the maintenance and purchase cost of the card piece and the damage risk of nuclear power key equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for diagnosing faults in an instrument card of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault diagnosis module in the instrument card fault diagnosis system according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a remote monitoring module in the instrument card failure diagnosis system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation module in the instrument card failure diagnosis system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis basic of a system for diagnosing faults of an instrument card of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a fault diagnosis flow chart of a system for diagnosing faults of an instrument card of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of fault diagnosis man-machine interaction diagnosis in the instrument card fault diagnosis system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a fault diagnosis system for an instrument control card comprises an instrument control card module, a fault diagnosis module, a simulation module and a remote monitoring module, wherein the instrument control card module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through a signal transmission module and a data acquisition module; meanwhile, the instrument control card module is connected with the simulation module through the remote monitoring module, and the simulation module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through the human-computer interaction diagnosis module.
As shown in fig. 2, the fault diagnosis module includes a signal conditioning module, a data processor, and a diagnosis terminal module, wherein the signal conditioning module is directly connected to the data acquisition module and the human-computer interaction diagnosis module, and is capable of receiving signals from the data acquisition module and the human-computer interaction diagnosis module, and simultaneously conditioning the signals and transmitting the conditioned signals to an a/D conversion module connected to the signal conditioning module; the signal is transmitted to a data processor connected with the A/D conversion module after being converted by the A/D conversion module, the data processor is connected with the diagnosis terminal module through a communication interface module, and a printer is connected to the diagnosis terminal module; the communication interface module is also connected with a PC upper computer, and the PC upper computer receives the processing data of the fault diagnosis module through the communication interface module and provides a control command for controlling the fault diagnosis module; the power module is simultaneously connected with the signal conditioning module, the A/D conversion module, the data processor and the communication interface module and provides matched current and voltage.
As shown in fig. 3, the remote monitoring module includes a signal receiving module, a cpu module and a signal transmitting module, wherein the signal receiving module is connected to the instrument card module, receives signals transmitted from the instrument card module to the remote monitoring module, amplifies the signals by using a signal amplifier module connected to the signal receiving module, transmits the amplified signals to the cpu module connected to the signal amplifier module for signal processing, and transmits the processed signals to the simulation module connected to the remote monitoring module through the signal transmitting module connected to the cpu module.
As shown in fig. 4, the simulation module includes a data source collection module, a signal converter module and a diagnosis database module, wherein the data source collection module connected to the remote monitoring module is connected to the signal converter module through the wireless network transmission module, the data source collection module obtains the signal transmitted from the remote monitoring module, transmits the signal to the signal converter module through the wireless network transmission module for signal processing, and transmits the signal to the diagnosis data module connected to the signal converter module, and the diagnosis database module is connected to the human-computer interaction diagnosis module and transmits the data in the diagnosis database to the human-computer interaction diagnosis module for diagnosis and analysis as required.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, a method for diagnosing a fault of an instrument card comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring abnormal data of an instrument control card, and transmitting and storing fault data;
acquiring abnormal data of the instrument control card, and timely transmitting the abnormal data and a diagnosis result to a PC user side through a serial interface so as to reduce the storage and transmission of unnecessary data;
the analog-to-digital converter selects an ADC chip with a built-in hardware filter, so that the system overhead caused by using a DSP as software filtering is reduced;
when the PC user side is determined to have received the fault data, the fault data stored in the instrument control card fault diagnosis system is subjected to covering processing;
transmitting slowly-changing signals such as temperature, low-frequency oscillation and the like to a state monitoring and diagnosing terminal for online monitoring in real time through a CAN bus;
step 2, constructing a normal reference model and a fault reference model of the object system, synchronously operating the simulation system and the actual system in real time, analyzing, comparing and judging the simulation result and a real-time value of state monitoring, and implementing precise diagnosis;
the reference fault diagnosis method based on the simulation model for equipment diagnosis and fault mining is characterized in that the specific simulation model specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a hardware environment and carrying out online simulation;
constructing a hardware environment, for example, simulating the operation of a relay protection card in an electrical system, and acquiring data capable of reflecting the fault characteristics of the card by using a data acquisition system and data processing;
generally, under the condition that the state of the clamping piece is known, the online simulation mode can be adopted to accumulate diagnostic data;
s2, establishing a circuit simulation model and performing off-line simulation;
establishing a circuit simulation model by using simulation software, acquiring fault characteristic data of the clamping piece through a waveform viewing tool or a waveform data recording tool, and performing off-line simulation;
under the condition that the state of the clamping piece is unknown, offline simulation is adopted to simulate theoretical output of the clamping piece in a fault state, and irreparable damage to the clamping piece to be diagnosed can not be caused;
s3, establishing a state database;
acquiring state responses of the acquisition card in different modes, and establishing a state database;
s4, establishing a simulation system;
s41, establishing a simulation system of a normal mode;
establishing a functional simulation model for fault detection and determining a module to which a fault belongs by analyzing the functional principle of the clamping piece;
s42, establishing a simulation system of a fault mode;
the method comprises the following steps of dividing a functional circuit, extracting test points, analyzing effective fault modes, constructing a fault simulation model by using a functional principle, and performing fault injection simulation for diagnosing faults of the clamping piece;
s5, establishing a fault characteristic knowledge base;
operating the simulation system established in the S4 to form a fault characteristic knowledge base, wherein the fault characteristic knowledge base comprises an instrument control card input set, a measuring point output set and a fault mode set; the fault mode can be positioned to the corresponding fault mode through any numerical value in the instrument control card piece input set and the measuring point output set;
step 3, carrying out comprehensive fault diagnosis on the basis of the fault tree;
according to the constitution of the fault tree and the change conditions of the characteristic parameters and the performance indexes, traversing the whole fault tree to perform forward matching search and reverse verification until a minimum cut set of the fault tree is established, reasoning a bottom event of the fault tree, and positioning the reasons of faults, abnormity or performance degradation to specific parts;
step 4, forming an expert diagnosis system based on human-computer interaction expert diagnosis;
establishing a human-computer interaction expert diagnosis system, wherein the system comprises an inference machine, a database, a knowledge base and a human-computer interface, the inference machine is in communication connection with the human-computer interface, meanwhile, the human-computer interface is connected with the inference machine through an inference interpretation mechanism and the database, and the human-computer interface is also connected with the inference machine through a knowledge acquisition mechanism and the knowledge base; the reasoning and explaining mechanism can explain the reasoning process of the diagnosis result so as to facilitate the expert to correct the diagnosis process and the knowledge base; the database stores the current equipment operation data and the health state information; the knowledge acquisition mechanism can acquire new expert knowledge from a diagnosis case or a man-machine interaction process and expand data information of a knowledge base; the knowledge base comprises static experience knowledge data information with expert experience as content and fault mode identification matrix data information obtained by calculating an equipment simulation model; the human-computer interface is also connected with the network communication interface, the data of the system is released to relevant experts through the network communication interface, and meanwhile, consultation information of remote experts can be collected; the inference machine also comprises a performance evaluation component, a diagnosis inference component, a trend analysis component and a maintenance decision component which are connected in sequence, wherein the four components form a diagnosis unit inference machine;
step 5, fault diagnosis is carried out on the card, and an expert diagnosis system is perfected through feedback;
and automatically diagnosing and analyzing the card faults by utilizing the expert system to obtain an analysis result, wherein the analysis result comprises analysis basis and further analysis prompt, the expert examines the automatic diagnosis result, tests to obtain the performance reduction and the accurate reason of the faults, and feeds back the test analysis and the final diagnosis result to the expert system to perfect the expert diagnosis system.
Claims (10)
1. The system is characterized by comprising an instrument control card module, a fault diagnosis module, a simulation module and a remote monitoring module, wherein the instrument control card module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through a signal transmission module and a data acquisition module, and the acquisition module can acquire real-time state information of the instrument control card and transmit the information to the fault diagnosis module for fault diagnosis; the instrument control card module is connected with the simulation module through the remote monitoring module, and the simulation module is connected with the fault diagnosis module through the human-computer interaction diagnosis module; the remote monitoring module can perform signal processing and state monitoring on the instrument control card information transmitted to the simulation module, and the simulation module can perform fault simulation analysis on the instrument control card and perform automatic diagnosis and expert online interactive diagnosis by using the human-computer interaction diagnosis module and the fault diagnosis module.
2. The instrument card control fault diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the fault diagnosis module comprises a signal conditioning module, a data processor and a diagnosis terminal module, wherein the information conditioning module is directly connected with the data acquisition module and the human-computer interaction diagnosis module respectively; the information conditioning module is connected with the data processor through the A/D conversion module, and the data processor is connected with the diagnosis terminal module through the communication interface module; the communication interface module is also connected with a PC upper computer.
3. The instrument card trouble shooting system of claim 1, wherein the remote monitoring module comprises a signal receiving module, a central processing unit module and a signal transmitting module, wherein the signal receiving module is connected with the instrument card module, receives the signal transmitted from the instrument card module to the remote monitoring module, amplifies the signal by a signal amplifier module connected with the signal receiving module, transmits the amplified signal to the central processing unit module connected with the signal amplifier module for signal processing, and transmits the processed signal to the simulation module connected with the remote monitoring module by the signal transmitting module connected with the central processing unit module.
4. The instrument control card piece fault diagnosis system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation module comprises a data source collection module, a signal converter module and a diagnosis database module, wherein the data source collection module connected with the remote monitoring module is connected with the signal converter module through a wireless network transmission module, the data source collection module obtains signals transmitted from the remote monitoring module, transmits the signals to the signal converter module through the wireless network transmission module for signal processing, and transmits the signals to the diagnosis data module connected with the signal converter module, and the diagnosis database module is connected with the human-computer interaction diagnosis module and transmits data in the diagnosis database to the human-computer interaction diagnosis module for diagnosis and analysis as required.
5. A fault diagnosis method for an instrument card is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring abnormal data of the instrument control card, and transmitting and storing fault data;
constructing a normal reference model and a fault reference model of an object system, synchronously operating a simulation system and an actual system in real time, analyzing, comparing and judging a simulation result and a real-time value of state monitoring, and implementing precise diagnosis;
carrying out comprehensive fault diagnosis on the basis of the fault tree;
forming an expert diagnosis system based on human-computer interaction expert diagnosis;
and (4) fault diagnosis is carried out on the clamping piece, and an expert diagnosis system is perfected through feedback.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of performing fault diagnosis on the card and completing the expert diagnostic system comprises: and automatically diagnosing and analyzing the card faults by utilizing the expert system to obtain an analysis result, wherein the analysis result comprises analysis basis and further analysis prompt, the expert examines the automatic diagnosis result, tests to obtain the performance reduction and the accurate reason of the faults, and feeds back the test analysis and the final diagnosis result to the expert system to perfect the expert diagnosis system.
7. The instrument card fault diagnosis method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the expert diagnosis system comprises an inference engine, a database, a knowledge base and a human-computer interface, wherein the inference engine is in communication connection with the human-computer interface, meanwhile, the human-computer interface is in connection with the inference engine through an inference interpretation mechanism and the database, and the human-computer interface is in connection with the inference engine through a knowledge acquisition mechanism and the knowledge base; the reasoning and explaining mechanism can explain the reasoning process of the diagnosis result so as to facilitate the expert to correct the diagnosis process and the knowledge base; the database stores the current equipment operation data and the health state information; the knowledge acquisition mechanism can acquire new expert knowledge from a diagnosis case or a man-machine interaction process and expand data information of a knowledge base; the knowledge base comprises static experience knowledge data information with expert experience as content and fault mode identification matrix data information obtained by calculating an equipment simulation model; the man-machine interface is also connected with the network communication interface, the data of the system is released to relevant experts through the network communication interface, and meanwhile, consultation information of remote experts can be collected.
8. The instrument card piece fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the building of the normal reference model and the fault reference model of the object system specifically comprises:
s1, establishing a hardware environment and carrying out online simulation;
constructing a hardware environment, and acquiring data capable of reflecting the fault characteristics of the card by using a data acquisition system and data processing;
s2, establishing a circuit simulation model and performing off-line simulation;
establishing a circuit simulation model by using simulation software, acquiring fault characteristic data of the clamping piece through a waveform viewing tool or a waveform data recording tool, and performing off-line simulation;
s3, establishing a state database;
acquiring state responses of the acquisition card in different modes, and establishing a state database;
s4, establishing a simulation system;
s41, establishing a simulation system of a normal mode;
establishing a functional simulation model for fault detection and determining a module to which a fault belongs by analyzing the functional principle of the clamping piece;
s42, establishing a simulation system of a fault mode;
the method comprises the following steps of dividing a functional circuit, extracting test points, analyzing effective fault modes, constructing a fault simulation model by using a functional principle, and performing fault injection simulation for diagnosing faults of the clamping piece;
s5, establishing a fault characteristic knowledge base;
and (5) operating the simulation system established in the S4 to form a fault characteristic knowledge base.
9. The instrument card failure diagnosis method according to claim 8, wherein the failure characteristic knowledge base comprises an instrument card input set, a measuring point output set and a failure mode set; and the fault mode can be positioned to the corresponding fault mode through any numerical value in the instrument control card piece input set and the measuring point output set.
10. The instrument card failure diagnosis method according to claim 5, wherein the collected abnormal data of the instrument card is transmitted to a PC client through a serial interface, and when the fault data is confirmed to be received, the fault data stored in the instrument card failure diagnosis system is processed in a covering manner.
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