CN111947635B - Total station for mapping and leveling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a total station for mapping and a leveling method, wherein the total station for mapping comprises a telescopic triangular bracket and a total station body connected to the upper end of the telescopic triangular bracket; the method is characterized in that: an automatic leveling mechanism is arranged between the telescopic triangular support and the total station body; the automatic leveling mechanism comprises a shell, and an execution assembly, a detection assembly and a control unit which are arranged in the shell; the number of the execution assemblies is three, and the three execution assemblies are arranged on the upper cavity of the shell in a right-angled triangle arrangement mode; the telescopic shaft of each execution assembly extends out of the top wall of the shell, and the upper end of each telescopic shaft is hinged to the lower surface of the total station body through a universal joint. The leveling method comprises initial leveling and accurate leveling. The invention optimizes the inclination angle detection structure, reduces the dependence on manual experience and simultaneously reduces the production and manufacturing cost.

Description

Total station for mapping and leveling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the fields of geography and mapping, in particular to a total station for mapping and a leveling method.

Background

With the technological progress, the drawing of geographic and map information is gradually developed from the earliest manual collection to the collection by using an unmanned plane, so that the drawing efficiency is obviously improved. The specific method comprises the steps of firstly surveying and mapping through the unmanned aircraft and professionals, then dotting around a land by equipment (mainly a total station) on site, obtaining positioning information of a plurality of points, and improving the accuracy of a map.

The total station is the most common and essential basic equipment except for the pilotless aircraft. The total station is a high-tech measuring instrument integrating light, mechanical and electrical functions, and is a surveying and mapping instrument system integrating horizontal angle, vertical angle, distance (slant distance, horizontal distance) and height difference measuring functions. The total station has high surveying and mapping precision, but the premise is that the total station needs to be leveled before use, and the total station is the most critical step. The total station body keeps vertical state, and whether the position of placing of total station body is horizontal is observed through the bubble type spirit level, adjusts the angle of three groups of landing legs to whether open at the spirit level middle part through the bubble of observing in the bubble type spirit level and confirm whether total station body locating position is horizontal. The above operations belong to manual leveling, and it is difficult for a novice to level the total station.

In order to realize rapid leveling of a total station, various full-automatic leveling total stations appear at present, for example, patent of application number CN201920762714.4 discloses an automatic leveling total station base device, which detects an inclination angle by using an infrared emitter and a corresponding electronic scale in a matching manner, and finally starts a first motor to operate through a computer control system to drive a screw rod to rotate until the total station is leveled. And the total station is also leveled by the control system and the leveling first motor after detecting the inclination angle by the angle sensor. However, these devices achieve the detection of the tilt angle through a complicated structure, which makes the total station with the automatic leveling function much more expensive than the total station with the manual leveling. In addition, the total station cannot completely avoid accidents such as collision, slipping and the like in the using and moving processes, the structure for leveling is usually realized by common transmission mechanisms such as gears, toothed bars and the like, and the transmission mechanisms are easily damaged in the collision, slipping and the like processes, so that the function of automatic leveling is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the inclination angle detection structure is optimized, the production and manufacturing cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the protection on the transmission structure is improved. The invention provides a total station for mapping, which comprises a telescopic triangular bracket and a total station body connected to the upper end of the telescopic triangular bracket; an automatic leveling mechanism is arranged between the telescopic triangular support and the total station body;

the automatic leveling mechanism comprises a shell, and an execution assembly, a detection assembly and a control unit which are arranged in the shell;

the number of the execution assemblies is three, and the three execution assemblies are arranged on the upper cavity of the shell in a right-angled triangle arrangement mode; the telescopic shaft of each execution assembly extends out of the top wall of the shell, and the upper end of each telescopic shaft is hinged with the lower surface of the total station body through a universal joint; each executing assembly comprises a first motor, a telescopic shaft and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the upper cavity, and the telescopic shaft is rotatably connected to the outer part of the rotating shaft through a fine thread; the first motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the first motor, so that the telescopic shaft drives the total station body to adjust the angle;

the detection assembly comprises a first bubble level pipe parallel to the X axis of the horizontal plane and a second bubble level pipe parallel to the Y axis of the horizontal plane, one first motor is located at the origin of the horizontal plane, and the other two first motors are respectively located on the X axis and the Y axis; the first bubble leveling tube and the second bubble leveling tube are fixed in the lower cavity of the shell, and a first infrared emitter and a first infrared receiver which are opposite to each other are respectively arranged on two sides of the first bubble leveling tube; two infrared rays emitted by the first infrared emitter are emitted to a receiving end of the first infrared receiver, and the two infrared rays of the first infrared emitter penetrate through the air bubble in the middle of the first air bubble leveling tube;

two sides of the second bubble level pipe are respectively provided with a second infrared emitter and a second infrared receiver which are opposite; two infrared rays emitted by the second infrared emitter are emitted to a receiving end of the second infrared receiver, and the two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter penetrate through the air bubble in the middle of the second air bubble leveling tube;

the control unit is respectively electrically connected with the first infrared transmitter, the first infrared receiver, the second infrared transmitter, the second infrared receiver and all the first motors, and the control unit controls the corresponding first motors to work to enable the total station body to keep horizontal by detecting signal changes of the first infrared receiver and the second infrared receiver.

The beneficial effects of this equipment are embodied in:

the equipment realizes the automatic leveling function of the total station body through the automatic leveling mechanism, namely, the automatic leveling function is realized through three executing assemblies and three detecting assemblies. The control unit judges the inclination condition of the total station body by utilizing electric signals fed back by the first infrared receiver and the second infrared receiver, and then controls the three groups of execution assemblies to work through the control unit. The total station body is driven to rotate through rotation of the first motor, the corresponding shaft is driven to rotate, large static friction force exists between the telescopic shaft and the total station body, the telescopic shaft can only lift and cannot rotate, and the total station body is kept horizontal through the three telescopic shafts under the control of the control unit. The overall structure of the detection assembly and the execution assembly is designed concisely and skillfully, the detection precision is high, and compared with the existing inclination angle detection structure, the inclination angle detection structure is simpler, so that the production and manufacturing cost is reduced.

Preferably, the length of the bubble of the first bubble vial along the X-axis and the length of the bubble of the second bubble vial along the Y-axis are both 10 mm.

Preferably, the two infrared rays of the first infrared ray emitter are parallel, and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; two infrared light rays of the first infrared transmitter are respectively close to two ends of the bubbles of the first bubble water level tube.

Preferably, the two infrared rays of the second infrared ray emitter are parallel and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter are respectively close to two ends of the bubble of the second bubble leveling tube.

In order to improve the accuracy of detecting the inclination angle, the first infrared transmitter and the second infrared transmitter adopt double infrared rays, and because the length of the bubble is fixed and unchanged under the condition that the inclination angle does not exceed 20 degrees, the two infrared rays are respectively used for detecting two ends of the bubble. When the inclination angle of the total station body exceeds 3', the air bubbles move towards one end. After the movement, one of the infrared light rays can be blocked by liquid, the illumination intensity is reduced, and the light intensity parameters fed back by the first infrared receiver and the second infrared receiver are caused to change, so that the detection precision of the inclination angle is greatly improved.

Preferably, the output shaft of the first motor of each executing assembly is provided with a worm and the corresponding rotating shaft is provided with a worm wheel, and the worm is meshed with the worm wheel so as to enable the first motor to be in transmission connection with the rotating shaft.

Preferably, each first motor is slidably connected with the housing through a sliding rail assembly; the sliding rail assembly comprises a sliding strip and a sliding block, the sliding strip is fixedly connected with the shell, and the sliding strip is distributed along the radial direction of the corresponding turbine; the sliding block is fixedly connected with the first motor, and the sliding block slides on the upper surface of the sliding strip, so that the first motor is connected to the sliding strip in a sliding mode along the radial direction of the turbine.

Preferably, a second motor is arranged on the lower surface of the slide bar, and a double-groove grooved wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the second motor; the traction line in one wheel groove of the double-groove grooved wheel is fixedly connected with one end of the sliding strip, the traction line in the other wheel groove is fixedly connected with the other end of the sliding strip, and the two traction lines are wound in the same direction of the double-groove grooved wheel.

Preferably, the two traction wires are fixedly connected with the sliding strip through guide wheels; and two ends of the slide bar are respectively provided with a limiting block.

The second motor of each executing assembly drives the double-groove grooved wheel to rotate, and the sliding block is pulled to be far away from the rotating shaft through the traction wire, so that the worm is separated from the turbine. Even if accidents such as falling, collision and the like occur, the worm and the worm wheel are separated under the condition of not using, so that the worm and the worm wheel cannot damage gear teeth due to violent impact, the first motor absorbs the impact force through the traction of the traction wire, and the worm is protected in a reinforcing way. In addition, the rotating shaft is positioned in the telescopic shaft, the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft are in rotating connection through fine threads, the rotating connection relationship between the telescopic shaft and the rotating shaft can be still maintained after impact force is received, the telescopic shaft is not influenced by accidental conditions such as falling and collision, and the possibility of damage is extremely low.

Preferably, each rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the shell through a bearing; the bearing is equipped with two and two bearings and distributes in the middle part and the lower part of axis of rotation.

Impact force is further absorbed through the bearing, and protection of the rotating shaft is improved.

The invention also provides a leveling method, which is applied to the total station for mapping and comprises the following steps:

s1: the total station body is initially slightly leveled, the total station body is fixed on the ground through a telescopic triangular support, and three telescopic legs of the telescopic triangular support are adjusted, so that the included angle between the total station body and the horizontal plane is not more than 15 degrees;

s2: the automatic leveling mechanism is also provided with a power supply and a key board which are electrically connected with the control unit, a switch of the key board is pressed, and the automatic leveling mechanism is electrified to work; the first motor positioned at the origin is Mo, the first motor positioned at the X axis is Mx, and the first motor positioned at the Y axis is My;

s210: the first infrared transmitter emits two infrared rays to the first infrared receiver;

s211: the control unit compares the two received light intensity parameters fed back by the first infrared receiver with the light intensity parameters stored in the control unit, if one of the two fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit judges that the position of Mo is lower or the position of Mx is lower, and controls the rotation of Mo or Mx to enable the lower position of the total station body to be raised until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s212: if the two feedback light intensity parameters in the S211 are smaller than the stored light intensity parameters, the control unit judges that the position of Mo or the position of Mx is too low, and controls the Mo to rotate so as to enable the position of the total station body on one side of Mo to be raised; during the rising process, if the two feedback light intensity parameters are not changed, Mo is reversed until the two feedback light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters; if one of the fed-back light intensity parameters becomes larger, Mo continues to rotate until the two fed-back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s213: through steps S211 and S212, making one side of the total station body located on the X axis horizontal;

s220: the second infrared transmitter emits two infrared rays to the second infrared receiver;

s221: the control unit compares the received two light intensity parameters fed back by the second infrared receiver with the light intensity parameters stored by the control unit, if one of the two fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, or both the two fed back light intensity parameters are smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit judges that the position of Mo or the position of My is low, and controls My to rotate until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameter, and if My rotates to the maximum number of turns and the two fed back light intensity parameters are not changed, the My reverses until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameter;

s222: after step S221, one side of the total station body on the Y axis is horizontal, the whole total station body is in a horizontal state, the switch of the key board is pressed again, the automatic leveling mechanism is powered off, and the current state is maintained.

The method has the beneficial effects that:

the method is that firstly, the angle between the total station body and the horizontal plane is reduced to 15 degrees through manual rough leveling, and the operation difficulty is extremely small for novices. The total station body is provided with a level gauge, and the requirement of 15 degrees can be met through approximate adjustment of the level gauge. Then, through accurate leveling, the rest 15-degree inclination angle is automatically finished through a control unit, and the requirement of the total station body on accurate leveling is met. The method can reduce the precision requirement of the total station body, reduce the dependence on manual operation experience, and make the total station body more convenient to use.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the auto-leveling mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an execution module in the present embodiment;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 5.

In the drawing, the telescopic triangular support 1, the total station body 2, the automatic leveling mechanism 3, the executing component 4, the detecting component 5, the control unit 6, the upper cavity 7, the lower cavity 8, the first motor 9, the telescopic shaft 10, the rotating shaft 11, the bearing 12, the worm 13, the turbine 14, the slide bar 15, the slider 16, the double-groove grooved wheel 17, the pull wire 18, the guide wheel 19, the second motor 20, the first bubble level pipe 21, the second bubble level pipe 22, the first infrared emitter 23, the first infrared receiver 24, the second infrared emitter 25, the second infrared receiver 26 and the limiting block 27.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a total station for mapping, which includes a telescopic tripod 1 and a total station body 2 connected to an upper end of the telescopic tripod 1; an automatic leveling mechanism 3 is arranged between the telescopic triangular support 1 and the total station body 2. The automatic leveling mechanism 3 has the following specific structure:

as shown in fig. 2, the automatic leveling mechanism 3 includes a housing, and an actuating assembly 4, a detecting assembly 5 and a control unit 6 mounted inside the housing. The control unit 6 specifically adopts a PLC control circuit board, so that the working performance is stable and reliable, and the failure rate is low.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, three actuating assemblies 4 are provided, and the three actuating assemblies 4 are mounted on the upper chamber 7 of the housing in a right triangle arrangement. The telescopic shaft 10 of each actuating assembly 4 extends from the top wall of the housing and the upper end of each telescopic shaft 10 is articulated with the lower surface of the total station body 2 by a universal joint. Specifically, the upper end of each telescopic shaft 10 is a sphere, and the lower surface of the total station body 2 is provided with an adapted groove, the sphere being mounted in the groove to form a universal joint. But the static friction between the ball and the groove is large and is far greater than the static torque of the telescopic shaft 10. Each executing assembly 4 comprises a first motor 9, a telescopic shaft 10 and a rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 is rotatably mounted in the upper cavity 7, and specifically, each rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected with the shell through a bearing 12; the bearings 12 are provided in two and the two bearings 12 are distributed at the middle and lower portions of the rotating shaft 11. The telescopic shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 11 through a fine thread; the first motor 9 is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 11, and the rotating shaft 11 is driven to rotate through the first motor 9, so that the telescopic shaft 10 drives the total station body 2 to adjust the angle.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the output shaft of the first motor 9 of each actuating assembly 4 is provided with a worm 13 and the corresponding rotating shaft 11 is provided with a worm wheel 14, and the worm 13 is meshed with the worm wheel 14 to drive and connect the first motor 9 with the rotating shaft 11. Each first motor 9 is connected with the shell in a sliding way through a sliding rail component; the slide rail assembly comprises a slide bar 15 and a slide block 16, wherein the slide bar 15 is fixedly connected with the shell, and the slide bar 15 is distributed along the radial direction of the corresponding turbine 14; the sliding block 16 is fixedly connected with the first motor 9, and the sliding block 16 slides on the upper surface of the sliding strip 15, so that the first motor 9 is connected to the sliding strip 15 in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the turbine 14. A second motor 20 is arranged on the lower surface of the slide bar 15, and a double-groove grooved pulley 17 is arranged on an output shaft of the second motor 20; the traction line 18 in one of the wheel grooves of the double-groove sheave 17 is fixedly connected with one end of the slide bar 15, the traction line 18 in the other wheel groove is fixedly connected with the other end of the slide bar 15, and the two traction lines 18 are wound on the double-groove sheave 17 in the same direction. The two traction wires 18 are fixedly connected with the slide bar 15 through guide wheels 19; two ends of the slide bar 15 are respectively provided with a limiting block 27. The three second motors 20 are respectively electrically connected with the control unit 6, and after each use, the control unit 6 controls the three second motors 20 to rotate so as to drive the double-groove grooved wheel 17 to rotate, and the slider 16 is pulled away from the rotating shaft 11 through the traction wire 18, so that the worm 13 is separated from the turbine 14. Even if the accident such as falling, collision and the like occurs, the worm 13 and the worm wheel 14 are separated under the condition of not using, so the worm and the worm wheel cannot damage gear teeth due to violent impact, and the first motor 9 absorbs the impact force through the traction wire 18, so the traction wire 18 plays a role in strengthening protection for the worm 13. The rotating shaft 11 is located inside the telescopic shaft 10, and the two are rotatably connected through a fine thread, so that the rotating connection relationship between the two can be maintained even when the impact force is received, and the telescopic shaft is not affected by accidents such as falling and collision, and the possibility of damage is extremely low. When in use, the control unit 6 rotates the three second motors 20 reversely again, so that the worm 13 and the worm wheel 14 are meshed again, and normal use is not affected.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the detection assembly 5 includes a first bubble level tube 21 parallel to the X-axis of the horizontal plane, and a second bubble level tube 22 parallel to the Y-axis of the horizontal plane, and one of the first motors 9 is located at the origin of the horizontal plane, and the other two first motors 9 are located at the X-axis and the Y-axis, respectively. The length of the bubble of the first bubble level tube 21 along the X-axis and the length of the bubble of the second bubble level tube 22 along the Y-axis are both 10 mm. The first bubble level tube 21 and the second bubble level tube 22 are both fixed in the lower cavity 8 of the shell, and two sides of the first bubble level tube 21 are respectively provided with a first infrared emitter 23 and a first infrared receiver 24 which are opposite; two infrared rays emitted by the first infrared emitter 23 are both emitted to the receiving end of the first infrared receiver 24, and the two infrared rays of the first infrared emitter 23 pass through the bubble at the middle part of the first bubble leveling tube 21. The two infrared rays of the first infrared emitter 23 are parallel and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; the two infrared rays of the first infrared emitter 23 are respectively close to two ends of the bubble of the first bubble level tube 21. And two opposite second infrared transmitters 25 and second infrared receivers 26 are respectively arranged on two sides of the second bubble level tube 22. The two infrared rays emitted by the second infrared emitter 25 are both emitted to the receiving end of the second infrared receiver 26, and the two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter 25 pass through the bubble at the middle part of the second bubble leveling tube 22. The two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter 25 are parallel and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; the two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter 25 are respectively close to the two ends of the bubble of the second bubble level tube 22. The control unit 6 is electrically connected to the first infrared emitter 23, the first infrared receiver 24, the second infrared emitter 25, the second infrared receiver 26, and all the first motors 9, respectively, and the control unit 6 controls the corresponding first motors 9 to work by detecting signal changes of the first infrared receiver 24 and the second infrared receiver 26, so as to keep the total station body 2 horizontal. The present embodiment sets the length of the bubble to 10mm in order to improve the accuracy of detecting the inclination angle, and since the length of the bubble is fixed in the case where the inclination angle does not exceed 20 °, two infrared rays are used for detecting both ends of the bubble, respectively. When the inclination angle of the total station body 2 exceeds 3', the air bubbles move towards one end. After the movement, one of the infrared light rays is blocked by the liquid, the illumination intensity is reduced, and the light intensity parameters fed back by the first infrared receiver 24 and the second infrared receiver 26 are changed, so that the detection precision of the inclination angle is greatly improved.

The embodiment also provides a leveling method for the total station for mapping, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the total station body 2 is initially slightly leveled, the total station body 2 is fixed on the ground through a telescopic triangular support 1, and three telescopic legs of the telescopic triangular support 1 are adjusted, so that an included angle between the total station body 2 and the horizontal plane is not more than 15 degrees;

s2: the automatic leveling mechanism 3 is also provided with a power supply and a key board which are electrically connected with the control unit 6, and the automatic leveling mechanism 3 is electrified to work when a switch of the key board is pressed; the first motor 9 positioned at the origin is Mo, the first motor 9 positioned at the X axis is Mx, and the first motor 9 positioned at the Y axis is My;

s210: the first infrared transmitter 23 emits two infrared rays to the first infrared receiver 24;

s211: the control unit 6 compares the received two light intensity parameters fed back by the first infrared receiver 24 with the light intensity parameters stored by the control unit 6, if one of the fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit 6 determines that the position of Mo is lower or the position of Mx is lower, and controls the rotation of Mo or Mx to enable the lower position of the total station body 2 to be raised until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s212: if the two feedback light intensity parameters in S211 are both smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit 6 determines that the position of Mo or the position of Mx is too low, and controls Mo to rotate so as to raise the position of the total station body 2 on the Mo side; during the rising process, if the two feedback light intensity parameters are not changed, Mo is reversed until the two feedback light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters; if one of the fed-back light intensity parameters becomes larger, Mo continues to rotate until the two fed-back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s213: through steps S211 and S212, making one side of the total station body 2 on the X axis horizontal;

s220: the second infrared transmitter 25 emits two infrared rays to the second infrared receiver 26;

s221: the control unit 6 compares the received two light intensity parameters fed back by the second infrared receiver 26 with the light intensity parameters stored in the control unit 6, if one of the fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, or both the two fed back light intensity parameters are smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit 6 judges that the position of the Mo or the position of the My is low, controls the My to rotate until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters, and if the My rotates to the maximum number of turns and the two fed back light intensity parameters are not changed, the My reverses until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s222: after step S221, one side of the total station body 2 on the Y axis is horizontal, the whole total station body 2 is in a horizontal state, the switch of the key board is pressed again, the automatic leveling mechanism 3 is powered off, and the current state is maintained.

The method is that firstly, the angle between the total station body 2 and the horizontal plane is reduced to 15 degrees through manual rough leveling, and the operation difficulty is extremely small for novices. The total station body 2 is provided with a level gauge, and the requirement of 15 degrees can be met through approximate adjustment of the level gauge. Then, through accurate leveling, the rest 15-degree inclination angle is automatically completed through the control unit 6, and the requirement of the total station body 2 on accurate leveling is met. The method can reduce the precision requirement of the total station body 2, reduce the dependence on manual operation experience, and make the total station body 2 more convenient to use.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.

Claims (4)

1. A total station for mapping comprises a telescopic triangular bracket and a total station body connected to the upper end of the telescopic triangular bracket; the method is characterized in that: an automatic leveling mechanism is arranged between the telescopic triangular support and the total station body;

the automatic leveling mechanism comprises a shell, and an execution assembly, a detection assembly and a control unit which are arranged in the shell;

the number of the execution assemblies is three, and the three execution assemblies are arranged on the upper cavity of the shell in a right-angled triangle arrangement mode; the telescopic shaft of each execution assembly extends out of the top wall of the shell, and the upper end of each telescopic shaft is hinged with the lower surface of the total station body through a universal joint; each executing assembly comprises a first motor, a telescopic shaft and a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the upper cavity, and the telescopic shaft is rotatably connected to the outer part of the rotating shaft through a fine thread; the first motor is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the first motor, so that the telescopic shaft drives the total station body to adjust the angle;

the detection assembly comprises a first bubble level pipe parallel to the X axis of the horizontal plane and a second bubble level pipe parallel to the Y axis of the horizontal plane, one first motor is located at the origin of the horizontal plane, and the other two first motors are respectively located on the X axis and the Y axis; the first bubble leveling tube and the second bubble leveling tube are fixed in the lower cavity of the shell, and a first infrared emitter and a first infrared receiver which are opposite to each other are respectively arranged on two sides of the first bubble leveling tube; two infrared rays emitted by the first infrared emitter are emitted to a receiving end of the first infrared receiver, and the two infrared rays of the first infrared emitter penetrate through the air bubble in the middle of the first air bubble leveling tube;

two sides of the second bubble level pipe are respectively provided with a second infrared emitter and a second infrared receiver which are opposite; two infrared rays emitted by the second infrared emitter are emitted to a receiving end of the second infrared receiver, and the two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter penetrate through the air bubble in the middle of the second air bubble leveling tube;

the control unit is respectively electrically connected with the first infrared transmitter, the first infrared receiver, the second infrared transmitter, the second infrared receiver and all the first motors, and controls the corresponding first motors to work to enable the total station body to keep horizontal by detecting signal changes of the first infrared receiver and the second infrared receiver;

the length of the bubbles of the first bubble level tube along the X axis and the length of the bubbles of the second bubble level tube along the Y axis are both 10 mm; the two infrared rays of the first infrared ray emitter are parallel, and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; two infrared rays of the first infrared ray emitter are respectively close to two ends of the bubbles of the first bubble water level tube; the two infrared rays of the second infrared transmitter are parallel, and the distance between the two infrared rays is 9 mm; two infrared rays of the second infrared emitter are respectively close to two ends of the bubble of the second bubble leveling tube; the output shaft of the first motor of each execution assembly is provided with a worm and the corresponding rotating shaft is provided with a turbine, and the worm is meshed with the turbine so as to enable the first motor to be in transmission connection with the rotating shaft;

each first motor is connected with the shell in a sliding mode through a sliding rail assembly; the sliding rail assembly comprises a sliding strip and a sliding block, the sliding strip is fixedly connected with the shell, and the sliding strip is distributed along the radial direction of the corresponding turbine; the sliding block is fixedly connected with the first motor, slides on the upper surface of the sliding strip, and then the first motor is connected to the sliding strip in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the turbine;

the lower surface of the sliding strip is provided with a second motor, and an output shaft of the second motor is provided with a double-groove grooved wheel; the traction line in one wheel groove of the double-groove grooved wheel is fixedly connected with one end of the sliding strip, the traction line in the other wheel groove is fixedly connected with the other end of the sliding strip, and the two traction lines are wound in the same direction of the double-groove grooved wheel.

2. The total station for mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two traction wires are fixedly connected with the sliding strip through guide wheels; and two ends of the slide bar are respectively provided with a limiting block.

3. The total station for mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: each rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the shell through a bearing; the bearing is equipped with two and two bearings and distributes in the middle part and the lower part of axis of rotation.

4. A leveling method, characterized by: total station for mapping as applied to claim 2, comprising the steps of:

s1: the total station body is initially slightly leveled, the total station body is fixed on the ground through a telescopic triangular support, and three telescopic legs of the telescopic triangular support are adjusted, so that the included angle between the total station body and the horizontal plane is not more than 15 degrees;

s2: the automatic leveling mechanism is also provided with a power supply and a key board which are electrically connected with the control unit, a switch of the key board is pressed, and the automatic leveling mechanism is electrified to work; the first motor positioned at the origin is Mo, the first motor positioned at the X axis is Mx, and the first motor positioned at the Y axis is My;

s210: the first infrared transmitter emits two infrared rays to the first infrared receiver;

s211: the control unit compares the two received light intensity parameters fed back by the first infrared receiver with the light intensity parameters stored in the control unit, if one of the two fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit judges that the position of Mo is lower or the position of Mx is lower, and controls the rotation of Mo or Mx to enable the lower position of the total station body to be raised until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s212: if the two feedback light intensity parameters in the S211 are smaller than the stored light intensity parameters, the control unit judges that the position of Mo or the position of Mx is too low, and controls the Mo to rotate so as to enable the position of the total station body on one side of Mo to be raised; during the rising process, if the two feedback light intensity parameters are not changed, Mo is reversed until the two feedback light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters; if one of the fed-back light intensity parameters becomes larger, Mo continues to rotate until the two fed-back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameters;

s213: through steps S211 and S212, making one side of the total station body located on the X axis horizontal;

s220: the second infrared transmitter emits two infrared rays to the second infrared receiver;

s221: the control unit compares the received two light intensity parameters fed back by the second infrared receiver with the light intensity parameters stored by the control unit, if one of the two fed back light intensity parameters is smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, or both the two fed back light intensity parameters are smaller than the stored light intensity parameter, the control unit judges that the position of Mo or the position of My is low, and controls My to rotate until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameter, and if My rotates to the maximum number of turns and the two fed back light intensity parameters are not changed, the My reverses until the two fed back light intensity parameters are equal to the stored light intensity parameter;

s222: after step S221, one side of the total station body on the Y axis is horizontal, the whole total station body is in a horizontal state, the switch of the key board is pressed again, the automatic leveling mechanism is powered off, and the current state is maintained.

Images