CN111946811B - Automobile accelerator characteristic design method, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Automobile accelerator characteristic design method, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN111946811B CN111946811B CN202010717097.3A CN202010717097A CN111946811B CN 111946811 B CN111946811 B CN 111946811B CN 202010717097 A CN202010717097 A CN 202010717097A CN 111946811 B CN111946811 B CN 111946811B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/14—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
- F16H59/18—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand dependent on the position of the accelerator pedal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0437—Smoothing ratio shift by using electrical signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/14—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
- F16H59/18—Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand dependent on the position of the accelerator pedal
- F16H2059/183—Rate of change of accelerator position, i.e. pedal or throttle change gradient
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for designing the characteristics of an automobile accelerator and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the current accelerator opening and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration of the automobile, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation; establishing an acceleration-traction relation according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relation according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation; establishing a traction force-rotation speed torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotation speed and the engine torque; and obtaining the relation between the engine speed and the engine torque when the acceleration is unchanged before and after the automobile is shifted according to the relation between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction force and the relation between the traction force and the engine torque. The invention carries out calculation and analysis on the automobile accelerator characteristic to obtain the relation between the engine speed and the torque when the acceleration before and after the automobile is shifted is not changed, thereby being convenient for improving the driving quality of the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile driving, in particular to a method and a system for designing automobile accelerator characteristics and a storage medium.
Background
The automobile accelerator characteristic refers to the torque output characteristic of the engine at a certain vehicle speed and at a certain accelerator opening and at the current engine speed, namely the corresponding curve relation between the engine speed and the torque at different accelerator openings and at a certain vehicle speed. The power of the vehicle comes from the torque of the engine, so the acceleration of the vehicle is directly influenced by the accelerator characteristic, the power performance is influenced, and the driving quality is influenced. In the manual-shift or automatic-shift vehicle on which the stepped transmission is mounted on the market, the vehicle may have a shock feeling due to a change in the shift position before and after shifting, and the driving quality is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology, and provides a method, a system and a storage medium for designing the automobile accelerator characteristic, which are used for calculating and analyzing the automobile accelerator characteristic to obtain the relation between the engine speed and the torque when the acceleration of the automobile is unchanged before and after gear shifting, so that the driving quality of the automobile is improved.
In a first aspect, a method for designing the throttle characteristic of an automobile is provided, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the current accelerator opening and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration of an automobile, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration;
establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the current automobile traction and the current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relation according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation;
establishing a traction force-rotation speed torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotation speed and the engine torque;
and obtaining the relation between the engine rotating speed and the engine torque when the acceleration of the automobile is unchanged before and after gear shifting according to the relation of the accelerator opening degree and the acceleration, the relation of the acceleration and the traction and the relation of the traction and the rotating speed torque.
According to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of "acquiring a current accelerator opening of an automobile and a corresponding current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relationship between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration" includes the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the minimum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and obtaining the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening;
acquiring the maximum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and acquiring the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening;
acquiring the opening degree of a middle-section accelerator of the automobile and corresponding middle-section acceleration;
and establishing the relation of the accelerator opening degree and the acceleration according to the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening degree, the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening degree and the middle section acceleration under the middle section accelerator opening degree.
In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of obtaining the minimum accelerator opening of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed and obtaining the minimum acceleration at the minimum accelerator opening includes:
acquiring a minimum accelerator opening Aped0 of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the minimum acceleration Accmin corresponding to the minimum accelerator opening Aped0 as follows:
in the formula, a is a constant term of a sliding resistance coefficient, which can be obtained from a design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle and has a unit N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
In a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of obtaining the maximum accelerator opening of the automobile at the specific vehicle speed and obtaining the maximum acceleration at the maximum accelerator opening includes:
acquiring 100% of the maximum accelerator opening Aped of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the maximum acceleration Accmax corresponding to the maximum accelerator opening amount "used 100%" as follows:
in the formula, PmaxThe maximum power of the engine can be obtained by the product characteristics of the engine in unit kw; eta is the transmission efficiency which can be obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
According to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of "acquiring a mid-section accelerator opening degree and a corresponding mid-section acceleration of the automobile" includes the following steps:
acquiring a middle-section accelerator opening and a corresponding middle-section acceleration of the automobile by adopting an interpolation method according to the acquired minimum accelerator opening and the corresponding minimum acceleration as well as the acquired maximum accelerator opening and the corresponding maximum acceleration;
according to different driving style requirements, establishing a functional relation between the middle section accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle section acceleration Accmid:
accmid ═ f (apex) formula (3).
According to a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of "establishing an acceleration-traction relationship between a current vehicle traction and a current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relationship according to the acceleration-traction relationship and the accelerator opening-acceleration relationship" includes the following steps:
at a particular vehicle speed V, a corresponding acceleration-tractive effort relationship between the current vehicle acceleration Acc and the current vehicle tractive effort F is established as follows:
according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation, the formula (3) is replaced in the formula (4), and the accelerator opening-traction relation is obtained as follows:
where Acc is the current vehicle acceleration in m/s2(ii) a F is the current automobile traction force in the unit of N; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
According to a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of establishing a traction-speed-torque relationship between the current vehicle traction and the engine speed and the engine torque includes the following steps:
at a particular vehicle speed V, the tractive effort is related to engine speed and torque as follows:
wherein F is the traction force of the vehicle and has the unit N; t is engine torque in Nm; n is the engine speed in rpm; eta is the transmission efficiency which can be obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
According to a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the step of obtaining the relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque when the acceleration of the vehicle is not changed before and after shifting according to the relationship between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relationship between the acceleration and the traction, and the relationship between the traction and the engine torque includes the following steps:
acquiring the relation between the traction force and the rotating speed torque before the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction force formula before the automobile is shifted as follows:
acquiring the traction-rotating speed-torque relation after the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction formula after the automobile is shifted as follows:
according to the requirement that the vehicle speed and the vehicle acceleration before and after gear shifting are not changed, the vehicle traction force before and after gear shifting is not changed according to the formula (4), and the following relation is obtained according to the formula (7) and the formula (8):
the equation (9) is modified to obtain the following relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque at the current accelerator opening:
T1*n1*η1＝T2*n2*η2formula (10);
in the formula, F1、T1、n1、η1、v1Traction before shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
F2、T2、n2、η2、v2traction force after shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
wherein eta is1And η2All can be derived from transmission product characteristics.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for designing throttle characteristics of an automobile, comprising:
the accelerator opening acceleration relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the current accelerator opening of the automobile and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration;
the acceleration traction relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding current automobile traction of the automobile under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the automobile traction and the current automobile acceleration;
the traction force, rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding engine rotating speed and engine torque under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing a traction force-rotating speed and torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotating speed and the engine torque;
and the rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the relation between the rotating speed of the engine and the torque of the engine when the acceleration of the automobile is not changed before and after gear shifting according to the relation between the opening degree of the accelerator and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction force and the relation between the rotating speed and the torque of the engine.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, having a computer program stored thereon, where the computer program is executed by a processor to implement all the steps of the design method for throttle characteristics of an automobile as described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: during the design of the accelerator characteristics, the relationship of accelerator opening degree-acceleration, the relationship of acceleration-traction force and the relationship of traction force-rotating speed and torque under a certain vehicle speed are determined to obtain the relationship between the rotating speed of an engine and the torque of the engine, so that the acceleration of the vehicle is related to the torque of the engine to obtain the torque output characteristics when the acceleration is unchanged before and after gear shifting, the impact feeling before and after gear shifting is reduced or eliminated, and the driving quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating steps of a method for designing the characteristics of an automobile accelerator according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart illustrating a step S10 in the method for designing the characteristics of the accelerator of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing relationship between accelerator opening and acceleration in different driving styles in the method for designing the characteristics of the accelerator of the automobile according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graphical illustration of engine speed versus engine torque for a conventional vehicle throttle characteristic;
FIG. 5 is a graph of engine speed versus engine torque for a vehicle throttle characteristic in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the method steps described herein may be implemented by any functional block or functional arrangement, and that any functional block or functional arrangement may be implemented as a physical entity or a logical entity, or a combination of both.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, the following detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention.
Note that: the example to be described next is only a specific example, and does not limit the embodiments of the present invention necessarily to the following specific steps, values, conditions, data, orders, and the like. Those skilled in the art can, upon reading this specification, utilize the concepts of the present invention to construct more embodiments than those specifically described herein.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing an accelerator characteristic of an automobile, including the following steps:
s10, acquiring the current accelerator opening and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration of the automobile, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration;
s20, establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the current automobile traction and the current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relation according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation;
s30, establishing a traction force-rotation speed torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotation speed and the engine torque;
and S40, obtaining the relation between the engine speed and the engine torque when the acceleration of the automobile is not changed before and after gear shifting according to the relation between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction force and the relation between the traction force and the engine torque.
Specifically, since the shift time is very short, the accelerator opening and the vehicle speed of the vehicle do not change suddenly before and after the shift, and if it is ensured that no shock is generated and the vehicle acceleration is not changed, a one-to-one correspondence relationship between the accelerator opening and the vehicle acceleration at the vehicle speed, that is, an accelerator opening-acceleration relationship (curve), needs to be established. To establish the relationship between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, a current accelerator opening at a certain vehicle speed and a current vehicle acceleration corresponding to the current accelerator opening are acquired, and a corresponding accelerator opening-acceleration curve can be drawn according to certain characteristics according to a plurality of current accelerator opening parameters and a plurality of corresponding current vehicle acceleration parameters.
Moreover, a certain vehicle acceleration corresponds to a certain vehicle traction, so that the acceleration-traction relation between the current vehicle traction and the current vehicle acceleration can be established according to the current vehicle acceleration; and a certain accelerator opening corresponds to a certain vehicle acceleration (see step S10), and the accelerator opening-traction relationship corresponding to the vehicle traction one to one between the accelerator opening and the vehicle traction can be obtained through the acceleration-traction relationship and the accelerator opening-acceleration relationship.
Moreover, certain automobile traction force corresponds to certain engine speed and torque, so that a traction force-speed torque relation can be established according to the relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine speed and the engine torque.
Then, according to the requirement that no impact is generated before and after the automobile is shifted, the acceleration of the automobile before and after the shifting is required to be unchanged, and the relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque when the current accelerator opening is achieved can be determined by combining the relationship between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relationship between the acceleration and the traction force and the relationship between the traction force and the engine torque.
Compared with the prior art, the invention determines the relation between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction and the relation between the traction and the rotation speed and the torque under a certain vehicle speed during the design of the accelerator characteristic so as to obtain the relation between the rotation speed of the engine and the torque of the engine, thereby linking the acceleration of the automobile with the torque of the engine to obtain the torque output characteristic when the acceleration is not changed before and after gear shifting, reducing or eliminating the impact feeling before and after gear shifting and improving the driving quality.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the step S10, obtaining the current accelerator opening of the automobile and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration, and establishing the accelerator opening-acceleration relationship between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration, includes the following steps:
s12, acquiring the minimum accelerator opening of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and acquiring the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening;
s14, acquiring the maximum accelerator opening of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and acquiring the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening;
s16, acquiring the opening degree of a middle section accelerator of the automobile and the corresponding middle section acceleration;
s18, establishing the relation of the accelerator opening degree-acceleration according to the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening degree, the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening degree and the middle section acceleration under the middle section accelerator opening degree.
Specifically, since the vehicle speed is not changed before and after the gear shift, that is, the vehicle is at a known specific vehicle speed, it is necessary to obtain the minimum accelerator opening and the minimum acceleration corresponding to the minimum accelerator opening of the vehicle, obtain the maximum accelerator opening and the maximum acceleration corresponding to the maximum accelerator opening of the vehicle, and obtain the middle accelerator opening between the maximum accelerator opening and the minimum accelerator opening and the middle acceleration corresponding to the middle accelerator opening. According to the parameters, the accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration can be obtained under the condition of certain driving style requirements.
Further, in some embodiments, the step S12, obtaining the minimum accelerator opening of the automobile at the specific vehicle speed, and obtaining the minimum acceleration at the minimum accelerator opening, includes the following steps:
acquiring a minimum accelerator opening Aped0 of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the minimum acceleration Accmin corresponding to the minimum accelerator opening Aped0 as follows:
in the formula, a is a constant term of a sliding resistance coefficient, which can be obtained from a design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle and has a unit N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed (since the throttle characteristic is defined at a certain vehicle speed, different vehicle speeds may define different throttle characteristics), in km/h.
And determining the starting point of the accelerator opening-acceleration relation curve through the minimum accelerator opening Aped0 and the minimum acceleration Accmin. In the present embodiment, the speed of the applied 0 may be made 0%, that is, the minimum accelerator opening is made 0 (i.e., the accelerator is closed), and the minimum acceleration Accmin may be obtained by the above equation (1). Namely, after obtaining the vehicle sliding resistance coefficient and the vehicle product information, the vehicle acceleration Accmin when the throttle opening is 0% can be defined, namely the curve starting point.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, the step S14, obtaining the maximum accelerator opening of the automobile at the specific vehicle speed, and obtaining the maximum acceleration at the maximum accelerator opening, includes the following steps:
acquiring 100% of the maximum accelerator opening Aped of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the maximum acceleration Accmax corresponding to the maximum accelerator opening amount "used 100%" as follows:
in the formula, PmaxThe maximum power of the engine can be obtained by the product characteristics of the engine in unit kw; eta is the transmission efficiency which can be obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
And determining the end point of the accelerator opening-acceleration relation curve according to the maximum accelerator opening Aped 100% and the maximum acceleration Accmax. In the present embodiment, the used 100% may be set to 1, that is, the maximum accelerator opening is set to 1 (i.e., the accelerator is fully opened), and in this case, the maximum acceleration Accmax may be obtained by the above equation (2). The vehicle acceleration Accmax when the throttle opening is 100%, namely the curve end point, can be defined after the engine product characteristic, the transmission product characteristic, the vehicle sliding resistance coefficient and the vehicle product information are obtained.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, the step S16 of obtaining the mid-range accelerator opening and the corresponding mid-range acceleration of the automobile includes the following steps:
acquiring a middle-section accelerator opening and a corresponding middle-section acceleration of the automobile by adopting an interpolation method according to the acquired minimum accelerator opening and the corresponding minimum acceleration as well as the acquired maximum accelerator opening and the corresponding maximum acceleration;
according to different driving style requirements, establishing a functional relation between the middle section accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle section acceleration Accmid:
accmid ═ f (apex) formula (3).
It can be known that the middle section accelerator opening and the corresponding middle section acceleration can be obtained by an interpolation method, and the middle point of the accelerator opening-acceleration relation curve can be obtained through the middle section accelerator opening and the corresponding middle section acceleration. And the middle section accelerator opening and the corresponding middle section acceleration can be set at will or according to a certain driving style requirement, so as to establish a functional relation (3) between the middle section accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle section acceleration Accmid.
As shown in fig. 3, the driving styles may include conventional driving styles, power driving styles and economical driving styles. In the conventional driving style, the acceleration of the vehicle linearly increases as the accelerator opening increases. At this time, the functional relation between the middle-stage accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle-stage acceleration Accmid can be set as follows:
Accmid＝f(Aped)＝k1*Aped+k2formula (3-1);
in addition, in the power type driving style, when the opening degree of the accelerator is small, large vehicle acceleration can be obtained, the dynamic property is good, but the increment of the vehicle acceleration is smaller and smaller along with the continuous increase of the opening degree of the accelerator, and the backup power is smaller and smaller. At this time, the functional relation between the middle accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle acceleration Accmid may be:
Accmid＝f(Aped)＝k1*(Aped)2+k2*Aped+k3formula (3-2);
in addition, under the economical driving style, when the opening degree of the accelerator is small, the acceleration is small, the oil consumption is low, but along with the continuous increase of the opening degree of the accelerator, the increment of the acceleration is gradually increased, the power is gradually released, and the backup power is large. At this time, the functional relation between the middle accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle acceleration Accmid may also be:
Accmid＝f(Aped)＝k1*(Aped)2+k2*Aped+k3formula (3-3);
wherein k is1、k2、k3The function coefficients are different, and can be set according to specific requirements, so that the formulas (3-1), (3-2) and (3-3) can meet different driving style requirements.
Further, in some embodiments, in step S18, establishing the accelerator opening-acceleration relationship based on the minimum acceleration at the minimum accelerator opening, the maximum acceleration at the maximum accelerator opening, and the mid-range acceleration at the mid-range accelerator opening includes:
determining the relation between the accelerator opening and the acceleration according to the functional relation between the middle-section accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle-section acceleration Accmid, and obtaining that the relation between the accelerator opening and the acceleration also meets the following relation: acc ═ f (aed);
moreover, under different driving style requirements, the relationship curve of the accelerator opening degree and the acceleration can satisfy the formula (3-1), the formula (3-2) or the formula (3-3), and the curve starting point and the curve ending point obtained in the step S12 and the step S14 are substituted into the formula (3-1), the formula (3-2) or the formula (3-3), so that the corresponding function coefficient k can be obtained1、k2、k3The relationship curve of the accelerator opening degree and the acceleration under different driving styles can be determined.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, the step S20, establishing an acceleration-traction relationship between a current vehicle traction and the current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relationship according to the acceleration-traction relationship and the accelerator opening-acceleration relationship, includes the following steps:
at a particular vehicle speed V, a corresponding acceleration-tractive effort relationship between the current vehicle acceleration Acc and the current vehicle tractive effort F is established as follows:
according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation, the formula (3) is replaced in the formula (4), and the accelerator opening-traction relation is obtained as follows:
where Acc is the current vehicle acceleration in m/s2(ii) a F is the current automobile traction force in the unit of N; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which can be obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the vehicle weight, available according to vehicle product information, in kg; v is the specific vehicle speed (a known quantity since the throttle characteristic is defined under specific vehicle speed conditions, i.e. different vehicle speeds may define different throttle characteristics), in km/h.
Thus, after the vehicle sliding resistance coefficient and the vehicle product information are obtained, the one-to-one corresponding relation of the vehicle acceleration and the traction, namely the acceleration-traction relation, can be established. Therefore, a certain accelerator opening corresponds to a certain vehicle acceleration, a certain vehicle acceleration corresponds to a certain vehicle traction, and the accelerator opening and the vehicle traction form a one-to-one correspondence relationship, namely the accelerator opening-traction relationship.
Further, in some embodiments, the step S30, establishing the traction-speed-torque relationship between the current vehicle traction and the engine speed and the engine torque, comprises the steps of:
at a particular vehicle speed V, the tractive effort is related to engine speed and torque as follows:
wherein F is the traction force of the vehicle and has the unit N; t is engine torque in Nm; n is the engine speed in rpm; eta is the transmission efficiency which can be obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, the step S40, obtaining the relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque when the acceleration of the vehicle is not changed before and after shifting gears according to the relationship between the accelerator opening and the acceleration, the relationship between the acceleration and the traction force, and the relationship between the traction force and the engine torque, includes the following steps:
acquiring the relation between the traction force and the rotating speed torque before the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction force formula before the automobile is shifted as follows:
acquiring the traction-rotating speed-torque relation after the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction formula after the automobile is shifted as follows:
according to the purpose of the invention, the invention ensures that the vehicle acceleration before and after shifting is constant, and the corresponding vehicle traction force is also required to be constant, and according to the requirement that the vehicle speed and the vehicle acceleration before and after shifting are constant, the vehicle traction force before and after shifting is constant according to the formula (4), and the following relation is obtained according to the formula (7) and the formula (8):
since the shift time is very short, the vehicle speed does not change abruptly before and after shifting, i.e., v occurs before and after shifting1＝v2If it is desired to ensure that the vehicle acceleration is constant before and after shifting, equation (9) may be modified at the current accelerator opening and vehicle speed to obtain the relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque at the current accelerator opening as follows:
T1*n1*η1＝T2*n2*η2formula (10);
in the formula, F1、T1、n1、η1、v1Traction before shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
F2、T2、n2、η2、v2traction force after shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
wherein eta is1And η2All can be derived from transmission product characteristics.
On the other hand, as can be seen from the above equation (10), in order to avoid the driving quality problem caused by the sudden change of acceleration before and after shifting when designing the accelerator characteristics of the vehicle, it is only necessary to satisfy the requirement that the product of the engine speed, the torque, and the transmission efficiency is not changed at two points before and after shifting on the relationship curve between the engine speed and the torque.
In addition, for the sake of understanding, the present embodiment is described by referring to a comparison example of the acceleration of the vehicle before and after shifting, which is brought about by the throttle characteristic of the conventional vehicle and the throttle characteristic of the vehicle according to the present invention.
The conventional automobile accelerator characteristic is shown in fig. 4, the automobile accelerator characteristic of the invention is shown in fig. 5, and the acceleration change after the 2-gear is upgraded to the 3-gear is evaluated by taking the automobile speed as 90km/h, the current gear as the 2-gear and the accelerator opening as 50% as evaluation conditions.
According to the transmission ratio of a transmission of a vehicle type and the rolling radius of tires, the engine rotating speed under the current gear of the current vehicle speed can be known by an automobile theory, and the engine torque can be found out according to the accelerator characteristic by combining the current accelerator opening information. The analysis case engine speed and engine torque before shift as point 1 in fig. 4 and 5, and engine speed and torque after shift as point 2 in fig. 4 and 5, acceleration results are as follows:
the result shows that the acceleration of the vehicle changes suddenly before and after shifting when the conventional automobile accelerator is used; while the acceleration of the vehicle is unchanged before and after shifting when the automobile accelerator is characterized by the invention.
Further, in some embodiments, the present invention provides an automotive throttle characteristic design system comprising:
the accelerator opening acceleration relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the current accelerator opening of the automobile and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration;
the acceleration traction relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding current automobile traction of the automobile under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the automobile traction and the current automobile acceleration;
the traction force, rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding engine rotating speed and engine torque under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing a traction force-rotating speed and torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotating speed and the engine torque;
and the rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the relation between the rotating speed of the engine and the torque of the engine when the acceleration of the automobile is not changed before and after gear shifting according to the relation between the opening degree of the accelerator and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction force and the relation between the rotating speed and the torque of the engine.
Specifically, the functions of each module in the system for designing the accelerator characteristic of the vehicle in the embodiment are elaborated in the corresponding embodiment of the method, and are not described one by one here.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the method steps of the above-mentioned automobile throttle characteristic design method.
The present invention can implement all or part of the processes of the above methods, and can also be implemented by using a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording medium, U.S. disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution media, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain other components which may be suitably increased or decreased as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, in accordance with legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program running on the processor, and the processor implements all or part of the method steps in the above automobile throttle characteristic design method when executing the computer program.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, the processor being the control center of the computer device and the various interfaces and lines connecting the various parts of the overall computer device.
The memory may be used to store computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the computer device by executing or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory, as well as by invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (e.g., a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.); the storage data area may store data (e.g., audio data, video data, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, server, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), servers and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A method for designing the characteristics of an automobile accelerator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the current accelerator opening and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration of an automobile, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the minimum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and obtaining the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening; acquiring the maximum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and acquiring the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening; acquiring the opening degree of a middle-section accelerator of the automobile and corresponding middle-section acceleration; establishing the accelerator opening-acceleration relation according to the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening, the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening and the middle section acceleration under the middle section accelerator opening;
establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the current automobile traction and the current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-traction relation according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation;
establishing a traction force-rotation speed torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotation speed and the engine torque;
and obtaining the relation between the engine rotating speed and the engine torque when the acceleration of the automobile is unchanged before and after gear shifting according to the relation of the accelerator opening degree and the acceleration, the relation of the acceleration and the traction and the relation of the traction and the rotating speed torque.
2. The automobile throttle characteristic designing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a minimum throttle opening of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed and obtaining a minimum acceleration at the minimum throttle opening comprises the steps of:
acquiring a minimum accelerator opening Aped0 of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the minimum acceleration Accmin corresponding to the minimum accelerator opening Aped0 as follows:
in the formula, a is a constant term of a sliding resistance coefficient, which is obtained from a design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle and has a unit N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which is obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which is obtained from the design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the weight of the vehicle, and is obtained according to the information of the vehicle product in unit kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
3. The automobile throttle characteristic designing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the maximum throttle opening of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed and obtaining the maximum acceleration at the maximum throttle opening comprises the steps of:
acquiring 100% of the maximum accelerator opening Aped of the automobile at a specific vehicle speed V;
defining and calculating the maximum acceleration Accmax corresponding to the maximum accelerator opening amount "used 100%" as follows:
in the formula, PmaxThe maximum power of the current engine is obtained by the product characteristics of the engine in unit kw; eta is the transmission efficiency, which is obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which is obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit N; b is a sliding resistance coefficient primary term which is obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit of N/(km/h); c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which is obtained from the design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the weight of the vehicle, and is obtained according to the information of the vehicle product in unit kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
4. The method for designing the throttle characteristic of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the mid-range throttle opening and the corresponding mid-range acceleration of the automobile comprises the steps of:
acquiring a middle-section accelerator opening and a corresponding middle-section acceleration of the automobile by adopting an interpolation method according to the acquired minimum accelerator opening and the corresponding minimum acceleration as well as the acquired maximum accelerator opening and the corresponding maximum acceleration;
according to different driving style requirements, establishing a functional relation between the middle section accelerator opening Aped and the corresponding middle section acceleration Accmid:
accmid ═ f (apex) formula (3).
5. The automobile throttle characteristic design method according to claim 4, wherein the step of establishing an acceleration-traction relationship between a current automobile traction and the current vehicle acceleration according to the current vehicle acceleration and establishing a throttle opening-traction relationship according to the acceleration-traction relationship and the throttle opening-acceleration relationship comprises the steps of:
at a particular vehicle speed V, a corresponding acceleration-tractive effort relationship between the current vehicle acceleration Acc and the current vehicle tractive effort F is established as follows:
according to the acceleration-traction relation and the accelerator opening-acceleration relation, the formula (3) is replaced in the formula (4), and the accelerator opening-traction relation is obtained as follows:
where Acc is the current vehicle acceleration in m/s2(ii) a F is the current automobile traction force in the unit of N; a is a sliding resistance coefficient constant term which is obtained from a vehicle sliding resistance design result and has a unit N; b is a coefficient of sliding resistanceThe unit N/(km/h) is obtained from the design result of the vehicle sliding resistance; c is a sliding resistance coefficient quadratic term which is obtained from the design result of the sliding resistance of the vehicle, and the unit N/(km/h) is ^ 2; m is the weight of the vehicle, and is obtained according to the information of the vehicle product in unit kg; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
6. The method for designing throttle characteristics of a vehicle according to claim 5, wherein said step of establishing a traction-speed-torque relationship between said current vehicle traction and engine speed and engine torque comprises the steps of:
at a particular vehicle speed V, the tractive effort is related to engine speed and torque as follows:
wherein F is the traction force of the vehicle and has the unit N; t is engine torque in Nm; n is the engine speed in rpm; eta is the transmission efficiency, which is obtained by the transmission product characteristics and has no unit; v is the specific vehicle speed in km/h.
7. The method for designing the throttle characteristic of the vehicle as set forth in claim 6, wherein the step of obtaining the relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque when the acceleration is constant before and after the shift of the vehicle based on the relationship between the throttle opening degree and the acceleration, the relationship between the acceleration and the traction force, and the relationship between the traction force and the engine torque comprises the steps of:
acquiring the relation between the traction force and the rotating speed torque before the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction force formula before the automobile is shifted as follows:
acquiring the traction-rotating speed-torque relation after the automobile is shifted, and determining a traction formula after the automobile is shifted as follows:
according to the requirement that the vehicle speed and the vehicle acceleration before and after gear shifting are not changed, the vehicle traction force before and after gear shifting is not changed according to the formula (4), and the following relation is obtained according to the formula (7) and the formula (8):
the equation (9) is modified to obtain the following relationship between the engine speed and the engine torque at the current accelerator opening:
T1*n1*η1＝T2*n2*η2formula (10);
in the formula, F1、T1、n1、η1、v1Traction before shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
F2、T2、n2、η2、v2traction force after shifting, engine torque, rotational speed, transmission efficiency and vehicle speed;
wherein eta is1And η2All derived from transmission production characteristics.
8. An automotive throttle characteristic design system, comprising:
the accelerator opening acceleration relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the current accelerator opening of the automobile and the corresponding current vehicle acceleration, and establishing an accelerator opening-acceleration relation between the current accelerator opening and the current vehicle acceleration; the method comprises the steps of obtaining the minimum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and obtaining the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening; acquiring the maximum accelerator opening of an automobile at a specific vehicle speed, and acquiring the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening; acquiring the opening degree of a middle-section accelerator of the automobile and corresponding middle-section acceleration; establishing the accelerator opening-acceleration relation according to the minimum acceleration under the minimum accelerator opening, the maximum acceleration under the maximum accelerator opening and the middle section acceleration under the middle section accelerator opening;
the acceleration traction relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding current automobile traction of the automobile under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing an acceleration-traction relation between the automobile traction and the current automobile acceleration;
the traction force, rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the corresponding engine rotating speed and engine torque under the current accelerator opening degree and establishing a traction force-rotating speed and torque relation between the current automobile traction force and the engine rotating speed and the engine torque;
and the rotating speed and torque relation obtaining module is used for obtaining the relation between the rotating speed of the engine and the torque of the engine when the acceleration of the automobile is not changed before and after gear shifting according to the relation between the opening degree of the accelerator and the acceleration, the relation between the acceleration and the traction force and the relation between the rotating speed and the torque of the engine.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when being executed by a processor, the computer program implements all the steps of the design method for throttle characteristics of a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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