CN111946789A

CN111946789A - Lever linkage machine

Info

Publication number: CN111946789A
Application number: CN202010842511.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔德群
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-08-20
Filing date: 2020-08-20
Publication date: 2020-11-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a lever linkage machine, which comprises a lever device and a speed change device; the lever device comprises a crankshaft, first connecting rods, levers and second connecting rods, wherein the crankshaft is connected with one ends of the two levers through the two first connecting rods; the other ends of the two levers are respectively connected with one end of a second connecting rod; the speed change device comprises a ratchet wheel, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft; the first gear is arranged on a first gear shaft, and two ends of the first gear shaft are respectively provided with a ratchet wheel; the second gear is arranged on a second gear shaft and is meshed with the first gear; the third gear is arranged on a third gear shaft, the third gear is meshed with the second gear, and the other end of a second connecting rod of the lever device is connected with the two ratchet wheels. The third gear shaft of the speed changing device is connected with the crankshaft of the next lever device, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the next lever device is connected with the two ratchet wheels of the next speed changing device and sequentially connected in a circulating manner.

Description

Lever linkage machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission machinery, in particular to a lever linkage machine.

Background

A drive train refers to a member or mechanism that transfers power from one part of a machine to another to move or operate the machine or machine component. Mechanical transmission refers to transmission that utilizes mechanical means to transmit power and motion. Generally, two categories can be distinguished: the transmission mechanism is driven by the friction force between the parts and the transmission of the driving part and the driven part, or by the middle part.

However, the conventional gear transmission mechanism, chain transmission mechanism, belt transmission mechanism, worm and gear transmission mechanism and the like have high mechanical loss, and the purpose of reducing energy consumption cannot be achieved. With the rapid development of the economy of China, the power machinery of fuel oil will discharge more pollution because of higher energy consumption, so that new energy is actively developed to replace fuel oil in various countries of the world. How to reduce the energy consumption of the transmission mechanism and improve the transmission efficiency is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a lever linkage machine which utilizes the lever principle to improve the output torque and has high transmission efficiency and low energy consumption.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a lever linkage machine comprises two or more lever devices and a speed change device;

the lever device comprises a crankshaft, first connecting rods, levers and second connecting rods, wherein the crankshaft is connected with one ends of the two levers through the two first connecting rods; the other ends of the two levers are respectively connected with one end of a second connecting rod;

the speed change device comprises a ratchet wheel, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft; the first gear is arranged on a first gear shaft, and two ends of the first gear shaft are respectively provided with a ratchet wheel; the second gear is arranged on a second gear shaft and is meshed with the first gear; the third gear is arranged on a third gear shaft and is meshed with the second gear;

the other end of the second connecting rod of the lever device is connected with the two ratchet wheels, the third gear shaft of the speed change device is connected with the crankshaft of the next lever device, and the other end of the second connecting rod of the next lever device is connected with the two ratchet wheels of the next speed change device and sequentially connected in a circulating manner.

Furthermore, the first connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a piston and a cylinder barrel, the top of the lower connecting rod is connected with the piston, the cylinder barrel is sleeved outside the piston, and the top of the piston is connected with the upper connecting rod. The purpose of setting up the piston is to make the transmission more stable, and can play certain sealed effect.

Further, the structure of the second connecting rod is the same as that of the first connecting rod.

Furthermore, the second connecting rods comprise four groups which are divided into two groups and respectively connected with the other end of the lever, and the bottom of each group of second connecting rods is respectively connected with two ends of the ratchet wheel. Each group of second connecting rods is connected with two ends of the ratchet wheel, and the second connecting rods can drive the ratchet wheel to rotate towards one direction along with the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the lever.

Furthermore, the ratchet wheel is of a structure with a large middle and two small ends, a disc is arranged in the middle of the ratchet wheel, tooth-shaped structures are arranged inside the disc, and a rolling shaft is arranged near each tooth-shaped structure. The roller may define the ratchet to be able to move in only one direction.

Furthermore, both ends of the ratchet wheel are provided with connecting rod mounting holes, and the middle part of the ratchet wheel is provided with a first gear shaft mounting hole. The first gear shaft mounting hole is matched with the first gear shaft, and the connecting rod mounting holes are matched with the two second connecting rods.

Further, a spring structure is arranged on the surface of each tooth-shaped structure close to the roller. The spring structure can play a certain role in buffering.

Further, the second gear comprises a second gearwheel and a second pinion, both the second gearwheel and the second pinion are fixed on a second gear shaft, the second pinion is meshed with the first gear, and the second gearwheel is meshed with the third gear. The three sets of gears are arranged in such a way that the input rotating speed and the output rotating speed are basically consistent.

Further, the crankshaft of the first lever device is connected with an external motor, and the third gear shaft of the last speed change device is used as an output shaft. With an external motor as a power source, the torque output by the output shaft will be several times the input torque.

Further, the lever device is mounted in the crankcase and the transmission device is mounted in the gearbox.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the lever linkage machine of the invention utilizes the lever principle, not only realizes reinforcement and achieves the energy-saving effect, but also enables the output rotating speed of the third gear shaft of the last speed change device to achieve the required rotating speed, and has the advantages of convenient use and wide applicability. The lever linkage machine can be widely applied to transmission of various machines, vehicles, ships, aviation and the like, and has wide economic and social benefits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lever linkage machine in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the lever device and the transmission device respectively arranged in the crankcase and the transmission case according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a crankshaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first link according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a transmission in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a second gear in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a ratchet wheel in an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 11: crankshaft, 11-1: balance weight, 11-2: rod journal, 12: first link, 12-1: upper link, 12-2: lower link, 12-3: piston, 12-4: cylinder barrel, 13: lever, 14: second link, 21: ratchet, 21-1: disc, 21-2: tooth structure, 21-3: roller, 21-4: first gear shaft mounting hole, 21-5: connecting rod mounting hole, 21-6: spring structure, 22: first gear, 23: second gear, 23-1: second gearwheel, 23-2: second pinion, 24: third gear, 25: first gear shaft, 26: second gear shaft, 27: third gear shaft, 3: a crankcase, 4: a gearbox.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the lever linkage machine comprises two lever devices and two speed changing devices, wherein the lever devices are arranged in a crank case 3, and the speed changing devices are arranged in a gearbox 4. The lever device comprises a crankshaft 11, a first connecting rod 12, a lever 13 and a second connecting rod 14. As shown in fig. 4, the crankshaft 11 is provided with four balance weights 11-1, a connecting rod journal 11-2 is provided between each two balance weights, and two first connecting rods 12 are mounted at one end on the connecting rod journal 11-2 and connected at the other end to one ends of two levers 13. As shown in FIG. 5, the first connecting rod 12 comprises an upper connecting rod 12-1, a lower connecting rod 12-2, a piston 12-3 and a cylinder 12-4, the top of the lower connecting rod 12-2 is connected with the piston 12-3, the cylinder 12-4 is sleeved outside the piston 12-3, and the top of the piston is connected with the upper connecting rod 12-1. The upper connecting rod 12-1 and the lower connecting rod 12-2 are respectively provided with a connecting hole, the connecting hole of the lower connecting rod 12-2 is sleeved on the connecting rod journal 11-2, and the connecting hole of the upper connecting rod 12-1 is connected with one end of the lever 13 through a pin or other fixing piece. The other ends of the two levers 13 are connected with the tops of four second connecting rods 14, and the four second connecting rods 14 are divided into two groups and respectively arranged on two sides of the two levers 13. The structure of the second link 14 corresponds to the structure of the first link 12. Usually, the crankshaft of the first lever device is connected to an external motor, under the driving of the external motor, the crankshaft 11 makes a rotational motion, and the first connecting rod 12 makes a reciprocating up-and-down motion along with the rotation of the crankshaft 11, so as to drive the lever 13 to make a reciprocating up-and-down motion.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 6, the speed change device includes a ratchet wheel 21, a first gear 22, a second gear 23, a third gear 24, a first gear shaft 25, a second gear shaft 26, and a third gear shaft 27. The first gear 22 is mounted on a first gear shaft 25, and a ratchet is mounted on each of both ends of the first gear shaft 25. As shown in FIG. 8, the ratchet wheel 21 has a structure with a large middle and two small ends, the two ends of the ratchet wheel 21 are provided with connecting rod mounting holes 21-5, and the middle of the ratchet wheel 21 is provided with a first gear shaft mounting hole 21-4. The ratchet wheel is fixedly connected with a first gear shaft 25 through a first gear mounting hole 21-4, and connecting rod mounting holes 21-5 at two ends are fixedly connected with a connecting hole at the bottom of the second connecting rod 14 through a pin or other fixing pieces. The link mounting holes 21-5 are provided at both ends of the ratchet at positions corresponding to the positions of the second links 14 connected to the lever 13 so that the two second links 14 are positioned perpendicular to the axis of the ratchet 21. When the lever 13 reciprocates up and down, the two second connecting rods 14 drive the ratchet wheel 21 to rotate around the first gear shaft 25, and due to the special structure of the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel 21 only moves towards one direction, so that along with the reciprocating up and down movement of the lever 13, the rotation of the ratchet wheel 21 drives the first gear shaft 25 to rotate, and thus the first gear 22 is driven to rotate. As shown in FIG. 8, a disk 21-1 is disposed in the middle of the ratchet 21, teeth 21-2 are disposed inside the disk 21-1, and a roller 21-3 is disposed near each of the teeth 21-2. The end face of the tooth-shaped structure 21-2 corresponding to the roller 21-3 is provided with a spring structure 21-6. The roller 21-3 ensures that the ratchet wheel rotates in one direction, for example, in a counterclockwise direction in fig. 8, when the ratchet wheel rotates in a clockwise direction in fig. 8, the tooth-like structure 21-2 will abut against the roller 21-3, and the spring structure 21-6 will play a role of buffering to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating in a clockwise direction.

The second gear 23 is mounted on a second gear shaft 25, the second gear 23 being in mesh with the first gear 22. As shown in fig. 3, 6 and 7, the second gear 23 includes a second large gear 23-1 having a larger size and a second small gear 23-2 having a smaller size. The second gearwheel 23-1 and the second pinion 23-2 are both fixed on the second gear shaft 26, the second pinion 23-2 is engaged with the first gearwheel 22, and the second gearwheel 23-2 is engaged with the third gearwheel 24. The third gear 24 is mounted on the third gear shaft 27, and the third gear 24 is meshed with the second gearwheel 23-2, so that the purpose of speed change is achieved. In this embodiment, three sets of gear drives are used so that the rotational speed imparted by the crankshaft 11 is substantially the same as the third gear shaft 27. If other shifting objectives are to be achieved, the gear set can be reassembled and the appropriate gear parameters selected based on the desired shifting effect.

As can be seen from fig. 1, 2 and 3, the first lever device is connected to the ratchet wheel 21 of the first transmission device through the second connecting rod 14, the third gear shaft 27 of the first transmission device is connected to the crankshaft 11 of the second lever device, the second lever device is connected to the ratchet wheel 21 of the second transmission device through the second connecting rod 14, and the third gear shaft 27 of the second transmission device serves as an output shaft, so that the input torque can be increased. According to the principle of the present embodiment, the number of the lever devices may be two or more, the number of the similar speed change devices may be two or more, and the plurality of lever devices and the speed change devices may be connected in a cycle in order with reference to the present embodiment.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the external motor is used as a power source, the external motor is connected with a crankshaft of the first lever device through a belt pulley and is used as power input to drive the crankshaft to rotate, the crankshaft rotates to drive the first connecting rod to move up and down, the lever also moves up and down in a reciprocating mode, the up and down reciprocating motion of the lever drives a ratchet wheel of the first speed changing device to rotate at the same speed, and three groups of gears are driven to rotate along with the operation of the ratchet wheel. The third gear shaft of the first speed variator is used as the input end of the crankshaft of the second lever device to drive the crankshaft of the second lever device to operate. By utilizing the principle of lever linkage, the device can lead the output torque to be multiple times of the input torque, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the transmission efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A lever linkage machine is characterized by comprising two or more lever devices and speed change devices;

2. The lever linkage machine according to claim 1, wherein the first connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod, a piston and a cylinder, the top of the lower connecting rod is connected with the piston, the cylinder is sleeved outside the piston, and the top of the piston is connected with the upper connecting rod.

3. A lever linkage machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second link is of the same construction as the first link.

4. The lever linkage machine according to claim 3, wherein the number of the second connecting rods is four, the second connecting rods are divided into two groups and are respectively connected with the other end of the lever, and the bottom of each group of the second connecting rods is respectively connected with two ends of the ratchet wheel.

5. The lever linkage machine according to claim 4, wherein the ratchet wheel is a structure with a large middle part and two small ends, a disk is arranged in the middle of the ratchet wheel, teeth structures are arranged inside the disk, and a roller is arranged near each tooth structure.

6. The lever linkage machine according to claim 5, wherein the ratchet wheel is provided with connecting rod mounting holes at both ends and a first gear shaft mounting hole in the middle.

7. A lever linkage machine according to claim 5 or 6 wherein each tooth formation is provided with a spring formation on the face adjacent the roller.

8. The lever linkage machine according to claim 1, wherein said second gear comprises a second bull gear and a second pinion gear, said second bull gear and said second pinion gear being fixed to a second gear shaft, said second pinion gear being engaged with said first gear, said second bull gear being engaged with said third gear.

9. The lever linkage machine according to claim 1, wherein the crankshaft of the first lever device is connected to an external motor, and the third gear shaft of the last speed changing device is used as an output shaft.

10. A lever linkage machine according to claim 1, wherein said lever means is mounted in the crankcase and said transmission means is mounted in the gearbox.