CN111944225A - Polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch - Google Patents
Polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch Download PDFInfo
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- CN111944225A CN111944225A CN202010914497.3A CN202010914497A CN111944225A CN 111944225 A CN111944225 A CN 111944225A CN 202010914497 A CN202010914497 A CN 202010914497A CN 111944225 A CN111944225 A CN 111944225A
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/06—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
- B29B13/065—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/10—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by grinding, e.g. by triturating; by sieving; by filtering
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2423/06—Polyethene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K2003/026—Phosphorus
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch which comprises a heating bin, a drying bin and a wind wheel; the heating bin and the drying bin are cylindrical cavity type structures; a heating block is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the heating bin; the wind wheel is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the heating bin; the bottom of the heating bin is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe for extracting outside air to provide an air source; the drying bin is fixedly connected to the top of the heating bin; the bottom of the drying bin is fixedly connected with a support column; the support column is designed in a conical shape; the bottom of the drying bin is provided with a diversion trench; according to the invention, the spiral drying tunnel and the screening pipe are arranged, the magnetism of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch after water absorption is utilized, the plastic master batch is screened, and the screened master batch is dried, so that the continuous drying and screening can be effectively realized in the drying process of the plastic master batch, and the drying efficiency of the plastic master batch is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch.
Background
Polyethylene flame retardant plastics master batch is in long-term save process among the prior art, because resin itself possesses certain water absorption performance, lead to the inside water content of master batch higher easily, and then before using the master batch as the addition material, need carry out long-time drying process to the master batch, with absorbent moisture in getting rid of the master batch, current fluidized bed formula drying-machine, carry out boiling formula drying process to the plastics master batch through using hot-blast, let in the stoving mechanism with big batch master batch when carrying out drying process, carry out drying process, because the water content is different in the plastics master batch, and often need long-time drying process in order to ensure the whole dehydration effect of plastics master batch, efficiency is lower.
A flame-retardant plastic master batch and a preparation method thereof, which are published in Chinese patent application No.: 2018111740366, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 10-40 parts of carrier resin, 50-80 parts of functional filler, 0.5-1 part of stabilizer, 1-5 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-1.5 parts of coupling agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent and 2-5 parts of lubricant, wherein the flame retardant is a mixture of an organic flame retardant and an inorganic flame retardant, the organic flame retardant is a mixture of one or more than two of melamine, benzoguanamine and melamine polyphosphate, and the inorganic flame retardant is a mixture of one or more than two of titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, antimony trioxide, molybdenum trioxide, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
In view of the above, the invention develops a polyethylene flame retardant plastic master batch for solving the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the prior dryer does not screen during drying, and large batches of plastic master batches with different water contents are dried at one time, so that the drying time is long, the efficiency is low, and the energy is consumed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is prepared from the following raw materials:
40-50 parts of polyethylene, 20-30 parts of hydrotalcite powder, 15-25 parts of modified calcium carbonate powder, 5-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3-6 parts of sodium stearate and 12-18 parts of coated red phosphorus;
wherein the particle size of the hydrotalcite powder in the raw materials is 3-5 μm;
the modified calcium carbonate is a powdery additive prepared by saponifying a fatty acid solution and a calcium carbonate solution, dehydrating, drying and crushing;
the particle size of the modified calcium carbonate is controlled to be 3-5 mu m;
the raw materials are coated with red phosphorus, and the red phosphorus is continuously coated on the outer layer of the red phosphorus through inorganic-organic material layers, so that the prepared flame-retardant material is obtained;
the raw materials are coated with red phosphorus and hydrotalcite powder as flame retardants to be added into a polyethylene material, the red phosphorus is coated layer by using an organic-inorganic material to effectively prevent the volatilization of the low-melting-point red phosphorus in the melting process, so that the flame retardant effect of the prepared polyethylene flame retardant plastic master batch is reduced, the hydrotalcite powder and the red phosphorus belong to flame retardant additives of different types, a synergistic effect can be effectively played, the flame retardant effect of the prepared flame retardant plastic master batch is further enhanced, and meanwhile, the modified calcium carbonate is matched with the red phosphorus to play a flame retardant effect from a physical angle and play a flame retardant effect from multiple directions.
Preferably, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch further comprises a coating layer; the coating layer is a waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicone rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap; the hydrotalcite selected from the raw materials is a structural body with more bound water, has water absorption after being dried, and can effectively reduce the water absorption of the plastic master batch in the storage life of the plastic master batch by coating a layer of waterproof coating on the outer side.
Preferably, the raw materials also comprise magnetic powder; the coating layer also comprises iron powder; the iron powder is uniformly dispersed in the coating layer and is used for isolating the magnetic force of the magnetic powder; by adding a small amount of magnetic powder into the plastic master batch, the combination strength of the waterproof coating and the plastic master batch can be effectively enhanced by utilizing the attraction effect of the magnetic powder on the iron powder, and the problem that a waterproof coating layer cannot be effectively and uniformly coated due to stearic acid components added in the plastic master batch is avoided.
Preferably, the coating layer also comprises water-absorbing expansion microspheres; the water-absorbing expansion microspheres are modified by using a dual-structure quaternary ammonium salt modified MMT intercalation; through adding the expansion microsphere that absorbs water in the raw materials, and then when making the cladding at the plastic master batch surface, possess the expansion effect that absorbs water, and then make the iron powder of homodisperse in the cladding form the leak, and then make the polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch that makes magnetic attraction lead to the plastic master batch to possess the appeal each other after weing, and then when the polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch preserves and receives external environment influence, through surperficial polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch expansion that absorbs water and adsorb each other, and then pile the surface at polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch and form the protective layer, avoid inside polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch all to wet, and then the effectual influence degree that reduces the storage environment to polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyethylene, hydrotalcite powder, modified calcium carbonate powder and nano-silica into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to rise to 180-class temperature and 200 ℃, then keeping the temperature and stirring for 10-15min, controlling the stirring speed to 240-class temperature and 300r/min, and obtaining a base material after stirring; the components are fully and uniformly mixed by heat preservation and stirring, so that the prepared base material is relatively uniform in property, and the phenomenon of agglomeration of the base material is avoided, and the flame retardant property of the base material is poor;
s2: controlling the reaction kettle to stir continuously and naturally cool, uniformly adding sodium stearate and coated red phosphorus into the base material in the reaction kettle when the temperature is reduced to 80-100 ℃, and stirring continuously and cooling to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a master batch; different materials are added in different temperature zones, so that the volatilization amount of the coated red phosphorus is effectively reduced, the flame retardant content in the prepared polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is higher, and the flame-retardant effect is enhanced;
s3: introducing the master batch prepared in the step S2 into a double-screw extrusion granulator, carrying out banburying, granulation and cyclone separation to prepare plastic master batches, introducing the prepared plastic master batches into waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicone rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap, and carrying out coating treatment;
s4: and (4) introducing the masterbatch coated with the waterproof coating in the step (S3) into a high-temperature dryer, drying at high temperature and cooling to obtain the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch, storing the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch in a cool and dry place, introducing into a continuous dryer before use, and drying.
Preferably, the continuous dryer in S4 comprises a heating bin, a drying bin and a wind wheel; the heating bin and the drying bin are cylindrical cavity type structures; a heating block is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the heating bin; the wind wheel is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the heating bin; the bottom of the heating bin is fixedly connected with an exhaust pipe for extracting outside air to provide an air source; the drying bin is fixedly connected to the top of the heating bin; the bottom of the drying bin is fixedly connected with a support column; the support column is designed in a conical shape; the bottom of the drying bin is provided with a diversion trench; the diversion trench extends into the support column; the lowest end of the diversion trench in the vertical direction is communicated with the heating bin; the diversion trench is provided with first through trenches which are uniformly distributed and close to the inner cavity of the drying bin; the flow guide grooves are uniformly distributed by taking the support column as the center; the first through grooves are obliquely arranged towards the direction of the support column; one end of the support column, which is far away from the heating bin, is fixedly connected with a guide plate; the guide plate is designed in an arc shape, and an arc opening faces the support column; one side of the guide rod, which is far away from the support column, is fixedly connected with a spiral drying tunnel; the cross section of the spiral drying tunnel is designed to be rectangular; one side of the spiral drying tunnel, which is far away from the guide plate, is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting plastic materials, and one side of the spiral drying tunnel, which is close to the guide plate, is made of stainless steel materials; a filter screen is fixedly connected to the part, close to the plastic material, inside the spiral drying channel; one end of the spiral drying channel, which is far away from the guide plate, is fixedly connected with a screening pipe; the screening pipe is arranged close to an opening at one side of the heating bin; the drying bin is provided with a discharge hole corresponding to the screening pipe; the discharge port is fixedly connected with an obliquely arranged discharge plate; the discharge plate extends to the inner cavity of the drying bin; the top of the drying bin is fixedly connected with a feed hopper; the feed hopper is of a conical design; the feed hopper extends to the inner cavity of the drying bin; the feeding hopper is positioned in the arc-shaped design of the inner cavity of the drying bin; the arc-shaped opening of the feed hopper is far away from the screening pipe;
in the prior art, in the long-term storage process of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch, because the resin has certain water absorption performance, the internal water content of the master batch is easy to be higher, and further before the master batch is used as an additive, the master batch needs to be dried for a long time to remove water absorbed in the master batch, the existing fluidized bed type dryer carries out boiling type drying treatment on the plastic master batch by using hot air, a large batch of master batch is led into a drying mechanism for drying treatment during drying treatment, because the water content in the plastic master batch is different, and long-time drying treatment is often needed for ensuring the integral dehydration effect of the plastic master batch, the efficiency is lower, during the work, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is poured into a feed hopper, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch enters the bottom of a drying bin along the feed hopper, and at the moment, a wind wheel and, the wind wheel continuously blows air to the heating block through the exhaust pipe to form dry hot air flow, the hot air flow is evaporated upwards and impacts towards the inner cavity of the drying bin along the diversion trench and the first through groove, the diversion trench is uniformly distributed around the support column as the center, the first through groove is inclined towards the support column, the air flow is converged towards the center in the inner cavity of the drying bin and impacts upwards along the support column, meanwhile, the design of the arc-shaped guide plate guides the flow direction of the air flow, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are firstly converged from the periphery to the center under the wrapping of the air flow, are gradually contacted with the guide plate in the upward movement process and finally enter the spiral drying channel on the guide plate to move along the spiral drying channel until reaching the screening pipe, the high-temperature air flow heats the drying bin in the flowing process, and further the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are gradually heated to evaporate water inside, because the polyethylene flame retardant plastic master batch possesses certain weak magnetic attraction after absorbing water, the mutual adsorption forms the large granule between the master batch that moisture content is high, and then lead to the quality great, drop downwards again and dry in the screening process, the screening, and dry plastic master batch self quality is lighter, can quick screening, through setting up spiral drying tunnel and screening pipe, utilize the magnetism that the polyethylene flame retardant plastic master batch demonstrates after absorbing water, and then screen the plastic master batch, and then dry the master batch of selecting, can be effectively in the drying process who carries out the plastic master batch, continuous type's stoving on the one hand, the screening has promoted the drying efficiency of plastic master batch effectively, the while targeted drying process still can the energy output of effectual stoving heat source of saving, and then make the stoving power consumption still less, and efficiency is higher.
Preferably, the upper surface of the spiral drying channel is fixedly connected with a preheating plate; the preheating plate is matched with the spiral drying channel; the surface of one side of the preheating plate, which is far away from the spiral drying tunnel, is provided with a chute; the preheating plate preheats the feeding material primarily by utilizing the residual heat contained in the rising hot steam; the during operation, heat up through raising the temperature to the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, and then make the inside moisture evaporation of fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, reach dry purpose, because contain certain heat in the vapor that evaporates, the waste of energy easily leads to the fact is directly discharged, the air current wraps up in the in-process that advances in the spiral drying tunnel by the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, the filter screen separates between vapor and the plastics master batch, and utilize the transpiration principle of vapor, the in-process that vapor outwards discharged along with the spiral drying tunnel, through with preheat and carry out certain heat exchange between the feeding on the board, and then preheat the feeding, accelerate the intensification process of fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, still recycle the waste heat simultaneously, the utilization ratio of energy has been promoted.
Preferably, the air exhaust pipe extends into the spiral drying tunnel; one side of the exhaust pipe, which is far away from the heating bin, penetrates through the spiral drying tunnel and is communicated with the outside; during operation, through arranging the exhaust tube in the spiral drying tunnel, the wind wheel extracts the outside air through the air inlet pipe, and the air carries out heat exchange between the in-process that flows downwards and the outside hot steam that discharges, can further promote the utilization effect of energy, strengthens continuous drying-machine's energy-conserving efficiency.
Preferably, a flow guide pipe is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the drying bin; the flow guide pipes extend into the spiral drying channel; the flow guide pipe is positioned in the spiral drying channel and fixedly connected with a flow guide disc; the exhaust pipes penetrate through the drainage disc; the diversion disc is horizontally designed, and the surface groove is communicated with the diversion pipe; the during operation, because carry out the heat exchange between hot steam and the cold air current, hot steam temperature reduces to make the steam condensation that wherein contains on the exhaust tube wall, and along the downward drippage of exhaust tube wall, through setting up honeycomb duct and drainage dish, the liquid drop is in the in-process of gliding entering drainage dish gradually, leads to the external world along the honeycomb duct, can effectually avoid the drop of water of condensation to drip on the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, and then causes the unnecessary consumption of the energy at the in-process of redrying.
Preferably, the surface of one side of the stainless steel of the spiral drying tunnel is fixedly connected with inclined plates which are uniformly distributed; the inclined plate is used for performing a scrambling function on the plastic master batches in the spiral drying channel; a shunting hole is formed between two adjacent inclined plates of the spiral drying channel; the shunt pipe is fixedly connected in the shunt hole; the flow dividing pipe extends downwards and is connected with the lower spiral drying tunnel; when the spiral drying tunnel is in operation, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content have certain magnetic attraction, and in the process of advancing the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches in the spiral drying tunnel, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content are gradually gathered on one side of stainless steel materials of the spiral drying tunnel, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high heat conduction efficiency are quickly heated by utilizing the characteristic of high heat conduction efficiency of the stainless steel materials, the evaporation efficiency of water vapor is accelerated, the plastic master batches of the upper layer and the lower layer are mixed when passing through the inclined plates in the advancing process, the situation that the plastic master batches with high water content cannot be effectively contacted with the stainless steel materials due to the obstruction of the plastic master batches of the lower layer when the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches have high density is avoided, and meanwhile, the shunt pipes which are distributed at intervals in the advancing process shunt the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content to the, further, the running distance of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is prolonged, and the drying efficiency of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is effectively accelerated.
Preferably, the screening tube is designed in an isosceles trapezoid shape; the interior of the screening pipe is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed dispersion plates; the during operation, the plastics master batch that moves to the top receives the outside injection of impact of air current in the screening pipe, enlarges its dispersion area through the dispersion plate guide, and then makes the in-process that the reunion granule dropped downwards can not influence other dry granules, and then makes the screening effect of screening pipe better.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch, the spiral drying channel and the screening pipe are arranged, the magnetism of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch after water absorption is utilized, the plastic master batch is further screened, and the screened master batch is further dried, so that the continuous drying and screening can effectively improve the drying efficiency of the plastic master batch, meanwhile, the targeted drying treatment can effectively save the energy output of a drying heat source, and further the energy consumption of the drying process is less, and the efficiency is higher.
2. According to the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch with high water content has certain magnetic attraction, and the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch with high water content is gradually gathered on one side of the stainless steel material of the spiral drying tunnel in the process that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch advances in the spiral drying tunnel, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is rapidly heated by utilizing the characteristic of high heat conduction efficiency of the stainless steel material, and the evaporation efficiency of water vapor is accelerated.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an internal construction view of a continuous dryer;
fig. 3 is a sectional view of a continuous dryer;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the screw drying tunnel;
in the figure: the device comprises a heating bin 1, a drying bin 2, a wind wheel 11, a heating block 12, an exhaust pipe 13, a support column 21, a guide plate 22, a feed hopper 23, a preheating plate 32, a guide pipe 33, a drainage disc 34, an inclined plate 35, a shunt pipe 36, a spiral drying channel 3, a filter screen 31, a screening pipe 4 and a dispersion plate 41.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the polyethylene flame retardant plastic masterbatch of the present invention is prepared from the following raw materials:
40-50 parts of polyethylene, 20-30 parts of hydrotalcite powder, 15-25 parts of modified calcium carbonate powder, 5-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3-6 parts of sodium stearate and 12-18 parts of coated red phosphorus;
wherein the particle size of the hydrotalcite powder in the raw materials is 3-5 μm;
the modified calcium carbonate is a powdery additive prepared by saponifying a fatty acid solution and a calcium carbonate solution, dehydrating, drying and crushing;
the particle size of the modified calcium carbonate is controlled to be 3-5 mu m;
the raw materials are coated with red phosphorus, and the red phosphorus is continuously coated on the outer layer of the red phosphorus through inorganic-organic material layers, so that the prepared flame-retardant material is obtained;
the raw materials are coated with red phosphorus and hydrotalcite powder as flame retardants to be added into a polyethylene material, the red phosphorus is coated layer by using an organic-inorganic material to effectively prevent the volatilization of the low-melting-point red phosphorus in the melting process, so that the flame retardant effect of the prepared polyethylene flame retardant plastic master batch is reduced, the hydrotalcite powder and the red phosphorus belong to flame retardant additives of different types, a synergistic effect can be effectively played, the flame retardant effect of the prepared flame retardant plastic master batch is further enhanced, and meanwhile, the modified calcium carbonate is matched with the red phosphorus to play a flame retardant effect from a physical angle and play a flame retardant effect from multiple directions.
As an embodiment of the invention, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch further comprises a coating layer; the coating layer is a waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicone rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap; the hydrotalcite selected from the raw materials is a structural body with more bound water, has water absorption after being dried, and can effectively reduce the water absorption of the plastic master batch in the storage life of the plastic master batch by coating a layer of waterproof coating on the outer side.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the raw material further includes magnetic powder; the coating layer also comprises iron powder; the iron powder is uniformly dispersed in the coating layer and is used for isolating the magnetic force of the magnetic powder; by adding a small amount of magnetic powder into the plastic master batch, the combination strength of the waterproof coating and the plastic master batch can be effectively enhanced by utilizing the attraction effect of the magnetic powder on the iron powder, and the problem that a waterproof coating layer cannot be effectively and uniformly coated due to stearic acid components added in the plastic master batch is avoided.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the coating layer further comprises water-absorbing expanded microspheres; the water-absorbing expansion microspheres are modified by using a dual-structure quaternary ammonium salt modified MMT intercalation; through adding the expansion microsphere that absorbs water in the raw materials, and then when making the cladding at the plastic master batch surface, possess the expansion effect that absorbs water, and then make the iron powder of homodisperse in the cladding form the leak, and then make the polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch that makes magnetic attraction lead to the plastic master batch to possess the appeal each other after weing, and then when the polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch preserves and receives external environment influence, through surperficial polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch expansion that absorbs water and adsorb each other, and then pile the surface at polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch and form the protective layer, avoid inside polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch all to wet, and then the effectual influence degree that reduces the storage environment to polyethylene fire-retardant plastic master batch.
As an embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyethylene, hydrotalcite powder, modified calcium carbonate powder and nano-silica into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to rise to 180-class temperature and 200 ℃, then keeping the temperature and stirring for 10-15min, controlling the stirring speed to 240-class temperature and 300r/min, and obtaining a base material after stirring; the components are fully and uniformly mixed by heat preservation and stirring, so that the prepared base material is relatively uniform in property, and the phenomenon of agglomeration of the base material is avoided, and the flame retardant property of the base material is poor;
s2: controlling the reaction kettle to stir continuously and naturally cool, uniformly adding sodium stearate and coated red phosphorus into the base material in the reaction kettle when the temperature is reduced to 80-100 ℃, and stirring continuously and cooling to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a master batch; different materials are added in different temperature zones, so that the volatilization amount of the coated red phosphorus is effectively reduced, the flame retardant content in the prepared polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is higher, and the flame-retardant effect is enhanced;
s3: introducing the master batch prepared in the step S2 into a double-screw extrusion granulator, carrying out banburying, granulation and cyclone separation to prepare plastic master batches, introducing the prepared plastic master batches into waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicone rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap, and carrying out coating treatment;
s4: and (4) introducing the masterbatch coated with the waterproof coating in the step (S3) into a high-temperature dryer, drying at high temperature and cooling to obtain the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch, storing the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch in a cool and dry place, introducing into a continuous dryer before use, and drying.
As an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the continuous dryer in S4 includes a heating bin 1, a drying bin 2, and a wind wheel 11; the heating bin 1 and the drying bin 2 are both cylindrical cavity type structures; a heating block 12 is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the heating bin 1; the wind wheel 11 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the heating bin 1; the bottom of the heating bin 1 is fixedly connected with an air extraction pipe 13 for extracting outside air to provide an air source; the drying bin 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the heating bin 1; the bottom of the drying bin 2 is fixedly connected with a support column 21; the support column 21 is of conical design; the bottom of the drying bin 2 is provided with a diversion trench; the diversion trench extends into the support column 21; the lowest end of the diversion trench in the vertical direction is communicated with the heating bin 1; the inner cavity of the diversion trench close to the drying bin 2 is provided with first through trenches which are uniformly distributed; the flow guide grooves are uniformly distributed by taking the support column 21 as the center; the first through grooves are all obliquely arranged towards the direction of the support column 21; one end of the support column 21, which is far away from the heating bin 1, is fixedly connected with a guide plate 22; the guide plate 22 is designed in an arc shape, and the arc-shaped opening faces the support column 21; one side of the guide rod, which is far away from the support column 21, is fixedly connected with a spiral drying tunnel 3; the cross section of the spiral drying tunnel 3 is rectangular; one side of the spiral drying tunnel 3, which is far away from the guide plate 22, is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting plastic materials, and one side of the spiral drying tunnel, which is close to the guide plate 22, is made of stainless steel materials; a filter screen 31 is fixedly connected to the part, close to the plastic material, inside the spiral drying channel 3; one end of the spiral drying channel 3, far away from the guide plate 22, is fixedly connected with a screening pipe 4; the screening pipe 4 is arranged close to an opening at one side of the heating bin 1; the drying bin 2 is provided with a discharge hole corresponding to the screening pipe 4; the discharge port is fixedly connected with an obliquely arranged discharge plate; the discharge plate extends to the design of the inner cavity of the drying bin 2; the top of the drying bin 2 is fixedly connected with a feed hopper 23; the feed hopper 23 is of conical design; the feed hopper 23 extends to the inner cavity of the drying bin 2; the feed hopper 23 is positioned in the arc-shaped design of the inner cavity of the drying bin 2; the arc-shaped opening of the feed hopper 23 is far away from the screening pipe 4;
in the long-term storage process of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch in the prior art, because the resin has certain water absorption performance, the internal water content of the master batch is easily caused to be higher, and then before the master batch is used as an additive, the master batch needs to be dried for a long time to remove the water absorbed in the master batch, the existing fluidized bed type dryer carries out boiling type drying treatment on the plastic master batch by using hot air, a large batch of master batch is led into a drying mechanism for drying treatment when the drying treatment is carried out, because the water content in the plastic master batch is different, and long-time drying treatment is often needed for ensuring the integral dehydration effect of the plastic master batch, the efficiency is lower, when the fluidized bed type dryer works, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is poured into a feed hopper 23, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch enters the bottom of a drying bin 2 along the feed hopper 23, and at, the wind wheel 11 continuously blows air to the heating block 12 through the exhaust pipe 13, so as to form dry hot air flow, the hot air flow is evaporated upwards and impacts to the inner cavity of the drying bin 2 along the diversion trench and the first through groove, because the diversion trench is uniformly distributed around the support column 21 as the center, and the first through groove is inclined towards the support column 21, the air flow is converged to the center in the inner cavity of the drying bin 2 and impacts upwards along the support column 21, and simultaneously, the design of the arc-shaped guide plate 22 plays a role in guiding the flow direction of the air flow, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are converged from the periphery to the center under the wrapping of the air flow, and gradually contact with the guide plate 22 in the upward movement process, finally enter the spiral drying channel 3 on the guide plate 22, further move along the spiral drying channel 3 until reaching the screening pipe 4, the high-temperature air flow heats the drying bin 2 in the flowing process, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are gradually heated to evaporate water inside, and because the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches have certain weak magnetic attraction after absorbing water and are mutually adsorbed to form large particles, so that the mass is large, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches fall downwards in the screening process to be dried and screened again, the dried plastic master batches are light in mass and can be rapidly screened, the spiral drying tunnel 3 and the screening pipe 4 are arranged, the plastic master batches are screened by utilizing the magnetism shown after absorbing water of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches, the screened master batches are further dried, the continuous drying and screening can effectively improve the drying efficiency of the plastic master batches in the drying process of the plastic master batches, and meanwhile, the targeted drying treatment can effectively save the energy output of a drying heat source, and then make the stoving process consume energy still less, efficiency is higher.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a preheating plate 32 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the spiral drying tunnel 3; the preheating plate 32 is matched with the spiral drying channel 3; the surface of one side of the preheating plate 32, which is far away from the spiral drying tunnel 3, is provided with a chute; the preheating plate 32 preliminarily preheats the feed material by using residual heat contained in the rising hot steam; during operation, through heating up the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, and then make the inside moisture evaporation of fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, reach dry purpose, because contain certain heat in the vapor that evaporates, the waste of energy easily leads to the fact is directly discharged, the air current wraps up in the in-process that advances in spiral drying tunnel 3 with the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, filter screen 31 separates between vapor and the plastics master batch, and utilize the transpiration principle of vapor, the in-process that vapor outwards discharged along spiral drying tunnel 3, through with preheating the board 32 on carry out certain heat exchange between the feeding, and then preheat the feeding, accelerate the intensification process of fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, still recycle the waste heat simultaneously, the utilization ratio of energy has been promoted.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the air exhaust pipe 13 extends into the spiral drying tunnel 3; the side of the exhaust pipe 13, which is far away from the heating bin 1, penetrates through the spiral drying tunnel 3 and is communicated with the outside; during operation, through arranging exhaust pipe 13 in spiral drying tunnel 3, wind wheel 11 extracts the outside air through the intake pipe, and the air carries out heat exchange between the in-process that flows downwards and the outside hot steam that discharges, can further promote the utilization effect of energy, strengthens continuous drying-machine's energy-conserving efficiency.
As an embodiment of the invention, a flow guide pipe 33 is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the drying bin 2; the draft tubes 33 extend into the spiral drying tunnel 3; the guide pipe 33 is positioned in the spiral drying channel 3 and fixedly connected with a guide plate 34; the extraction pipes 13 are designed to penetrate through the flow guiding disc 34; the diversion disc 34 is designed horizontally and the surface of the diversion disc is provided with a groove communicated with the diversion pipe 33; during operation, because carry out the heat exchange between hot steam and the cold air current, hot steam temperature reduces to make the steam condensation that wherein contains on exhaust tube 13 wall, and drip downwards along exhaust tube 13 wall, through setting up honeycomb duct 33 and drainage dish 34, the liquid drop gets into drainage dish 34 gradually at the in-process of gliding downwards, leads to the external world along honeycomb duct 33, can effectually avoid the drop of water of condensation to drip on the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene, and then causes the unnecessary consumption of the energy at the in-process of redrying.
As an implementation mode of the invention, the surface of one stainless steel side of the spiral drying tunnel 3 is fixedly connected with evenly distributed sloping plates 35; the inclined plate 35 is used for performing a scrambling function on the plastic master batches in the spiral drying channel 3; a shunting hole is formed between two adjacent inclined plates 35 of the spiral drying channel 3; a shunt tube 36 is fixedly connected in the shunt hole; the shunt tubes 36 extend downwards to be connected with the lower spiral drying channel 3; when the spiral drying tunnel is in operation, because the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with large water content have certain magnetic attraction, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content are gradually gathered on one side of the stainless steel material of the spiral drying tunnel 3 in the process that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches advance in the spiral drying tunnel 3, so that the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content are quickly heated by utilizing the characteristic of high heat conduction efficiency of the stainless steel material, the evaporation efficiency of water vapor is accelerated, the plastic master batches of the upper layer and the lower layer are mixed when passing through the inclined plates 35 arranged at intervals in the advancing process, the situation that the plastic master batches with high water content are obstructed by the plastic master batches of the lower layer and cannot be effectively contacted with the stainless steel material when the density of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches is high is avoided, and the shunt tubes 36 which, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches with high water content are shunted and guided to the lower spiral drying tunnel 3 again, so that the running distance of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches is prolonged, and the drying efficiency of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches is effectively accelerated.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the screening tube 4 is designed in an isosceles trapezoid shape; the interior of the screening pipe 4 is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed dispersion plates 41; the during operation, the plastics master batch that moves to the top receives the outside injection of impact of air current in screening pipe 4, enlarges its dispersion area through the direction of dispersion plate 41, and then makes the in-process that the reunion granule dropped downwards can not influence other dry granules, and then makes screening pipe 4's screening effect better.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the device works, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are poured into the feeding hopper 23, and then the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches enter the bottom of the drying bin 2 along the feeding hopper 23, at the moment, the wind wheel 11 and the heating block 12 are started, the wind wheel 11 continuously blows air to the heating block 12 through the exhaust pipe 13, so that dry hot air flow is formed, the hot air flow is evaporated upwards and impacts the inner cavity of the drying bin 2 along the diversion trench and the first through groove, the diversion trench is uniformly distributed around the support column 21 as the center, the first through grooves are inclined towards the support column 21, the air flow is converged towards the center in the inner cavity of the drying bin 2 and impacts upwards along the support column 21, meanwhile, the design of the arc-shaped guide plate 22 plays a role in guiding the flow direction of the air flow, and further, the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batches are converged from the periphery to the center firstly under the wrapping of the air flow, and are gradually contacted with the guide plate 22 in, and finally enter the spiral drying tunnel 3 on the deflector 22, and then move along the spiral drying tunnel 3, until reaching in the screening pipe 4, the high-temperature air current heats up the drying storehouse 2 in the course of flowing, and then make the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene heat up gradually and evaporate the moisture of inside, because the fire-retardant plastics master batch of polyethylene possesses certain weak magnetic attraction after absorbing water, adsorb each other and form the large granule between the master batch that the moisture content is high, and then lead to the quality great, drop again and dry, screen in the screening process, and the dry plastics master batch is light in weight itself, can quick screening.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (11)
1. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is characterized in that: the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch is prepared from the following raw materials:
40-50 parts of polyethylene, 20-30 parts of hydrotalcite powder, 15-25 parts of modified calcium carbonate powder, 5-15 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3-6 parts of sodium stearate and 12-18 parts of coated red phosphorus;
wherein the particle size of the hydrotalcite powder in the raw materials is 3-5 μm;
the modified calcium carbonate is a powdery additive prepared by saponifying a fatty acid solution and a calcium carbonate solution, dehydrating, drying and crushing;
the particle size of the modified calcium carbonate is controlled to be 3-5 mu m;
the raw materials are coated with red phosphorus, and the red phosphorus is continuously coated on the outer layer of the red phosphorus through inorganic-organic material multi-layer coating, so that the prepared flame-retardant material is obtained.
2. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch also comprises a coating layer; the coating layer is a waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicon rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap.
3. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 2, characterized in that: wherein the raw material also comprises magnetic powder; the coating layer also comprises iron powder; and the iron powder is uniformly dispersed in the coating layer and is used for isolating the magnetic force of the magnetic powder.
4. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 3, characterized in that: the coating layer also comprises water-absorbing expansion microspheres; the water-absorbing expansion microspheres are modified by using a double-built quaternary ammonium salt modified MMT intercalation.
5. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch comprises the following steps:
s1: introducing polyethylene, hydrotalcite powder, modified calcium carbonate powder and nano-silica into a reaction kettle, controlling the temperature of the reaction kettle to rise to 180-class temperature and 200 ℃, then keeping the temperature and stirring for 10-15min, controlling the stirring speed to 240-class temperature and 300r/min, and obtaining a base material after stirring;
s2: controlling the reaction kettle to stir continuously and naturally cool, uniformly adding sodium stearate and coated red phosphorus into the base material in the reaction kettle when the temperature is reduced to 80-100 ℃, and stirring continuously and cooling to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a master batch;
s3: introducing the master batch prepared in the step S2 into a double-screw extrusion granulator, carrying out banburying, granulation and cyclone separation to prepare plastic master batches, introducing the prepared plastic master batches into waterproof coating prepared by mixing and melting liquid silicone rubber, polyurethane resin, talcum powder and industrial soap, and carrying out coating treatment;
s4: and (4) introducing the masterbatch coated with the waterproof coating in the step (S3) into a high-temperature dryer, drying at high temperature and cooling to obtain the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch, storing the polyethylene flame-retardant plastic masterbatch in a cool and dry place, introducing into a continuous dryer before use, and drying.
6. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 5, characterized in that: wherein the continuous dryer in S4 comprises a heating bin (1), a drying bin (2) and a wind wheel (11); the heating bin (1) and the drying bin (2) are cylindrical cavity type structures; a heating block (12) is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the heating bin (1); the wind wheel (11) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the heating bin (1); the bottom of the heating bin (1) is fixedly connected with an air extraction pipe (13) for extracting outside air to provide an air source; the drying bin (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the heating bin (1); the bottom of the drying bin (2) is fixedly connected with a support column (21); the supporting column (21) is of conical design; the bottom of the drying bin (2) is provided with a diversion trench; the diversion trench extends into the support column (21); the lowest end of the diversion trench in the vertical direction is communicated with the heating bin (1); the inner cavity of the diversion trench close to the drying bin (2) is provided with first through trenches which are uniformly distributed; the flow guide grooves are uniformly distributed by taking the support column (21) as the center; the first through grooves are obliquely arranged towards the direction of the support column (21); one end of the support column (21) far away from the heating bin (1) is fixedly connected with a guide plate (22); the guide plate (22) is designed in an arc shape, and an arc opening faces the support column (21); one side of the guide rod, which is far away from the support column (21), is fixedly connected with a spiral drying tunnel (3); the cross section of the spiral drying tunnel (3) is designed to be rectangular; one side of the spiral drying tunnel (3) which is spirally far away from the guide plate (22) is made of high-temperature-resistant heat-conducting plastic materials, and one side of the spiral drying tunnel which is close to the guide plate (22) is made of stainless steel materials; a filter screen (31) is fixedly connected to the part, close to the plastic material, inside the spiral drying channel (3); one end of the spiral drying channel (3) far away from the guide plate (22) is fixedly connected with a screening pipe (4); the screening pipe (4) is arranged close to an opening at one side of the heating bin (1); the drying bin (2) is provided with a discharge hole corresponding to the screening pipe (4); the discharge port is fixedly connected with an obliquely arranged discharge plate; the discharge plate extends to the inner cavity of the drying bin (2); the top of the drying bin (2) is fixedly connected with a feed hopper (23); the feed hopper (23) is of conical design; the feed hopper (23) extends to the inner cavity of the drying bin (2); the feed hopper (23) is positioned in the arc-shaped design of the inner cavity of the drying bin (2); the arc-shaped opening of the feed hopper (23) is far away from the screening pipe (4).
7. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 6, characterized in that: the upper surface of the spiral drying channel (3) is fixedly connected with a preheating plate (32); the preheating plate (32) is matched with the spiral drying channel (3); the surface of one side of the preheating plate (32) far away from the spiral drying tunnel (3) is provided with a chute; the preheating plate (32) preliminarily preheats the feed material by utilizing residual heat contained in the rising hot steam.
8. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 6, characterized in that: the air exhaust pipe (13) extends into the spiral drying tunnel (3); and one side of the air exhaust pipe (13) far away from the heating bin (1) penetrates through the spiral drying tunnel (3) to be communicated with the outside.
9. The polyethylene flame retardant plastic masterbatch according to claim 8, wherein: a guide pipe (33) is fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the drying bin (2); the guide pipes (33) extend into the spiral drying channel (3); the guide pipe (33) is positioned in the spiral drying channel (3) and fixedly connected with a guide plate (34); the air exhaust pipes (13) are designed to penetrate through the flow guide plate (34); the diversion disc (34) is designed horizontally and the surface groove is communicated with the diversion pipe (33).
10. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 6, characterized in that: the surface of one stainless steel side of the spiral drying channel (3) is fixedly connected with inclined plates (35) which are uniformly distributed; the inclined plate (35) is used for performing a scrambling function on the plastic master batches in the spiral drying channel (3); a shunting hole is formed between two adjacent inclined plates (35) of the spiral drying channel (3); a shunt pipe (36) is fixedly connected in the shunt hole; the shunt pipe (36) extends downwards and is connected with the spiral drying tunnel (3) below.
11. The polyethylene flame-retardant plastic master batch according to claim 6, characterized in that: the screening pipe (4) is designed in an isosceles trapezoid shape; the screening pipe (4) is fixedly connected with dispersion plates (41) which are uniformly distributed.
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