CN111943599B - High-strength heat-insulating concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength heat-insulating concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111943599B CN111943599B CN202010829522.8A CN202010829522A CN111943599B CN 111943599 B CN111943599 B CN 111943599B CN 202010829522 A CN202010829522 A CN 202010829522A CN 111943599 B CN111943599 B CN 111943599B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to high-strength heat-insulating concrete and a preparation method thereof. The product developed by the invention comprises fibrous aggregate and flaky aggregate; nano bubbles are dispersed in the system; the nano bubbles are partially dispersed on the surface of the fibrous aggregate and partially dispersed among layers of the flaky aggregate; the diameter distribution range of the nano bubbles is 1-10 nm. When the product is prepared, nano silicon dioxide is adsorbed on the surface of fibrous aggregate by a coupling agent, nano aluminum powder is embedded between flaky aggregate layers, and then the flaky aggregate layers are mixed with a concrete system and cured to finally prepare the high-strength heat-insulating concrete. The concrete obtained by the invention can play a good heat preservation effect, and when the concrete is acted by external force, the stress on the weak part of the bubble can be quickly dispersed through the fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate, so that the strength of the product is effectively maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials. And more particularly, to a high-strength heat-insulating concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the proportion of energy consumption in the building industry to total energy consumption of society is increasing, and building energy conservation and green buildings become research hotspots. According to statistics, at least more than 30% of energy of heating in winter and refrigerating in summer is dissipated through doors, windows and walls every year, so that the building envelope structure is required to have heat preservation and heat insulation performance. At present, the research direction is mainly to improve the heat preservation performance of a self-heat preservation concrete system formed by adding an additive or a light aggregate with the heat preservation performance into common concrete.
The air-entraining concrete is prepared by adding a proper amount of air entraining agent into common concrete, belongs to a chemical surfactant, can introduce a large amount of beneficial independent micro bubbles with small particle size into a concrete mixture, is uniformly distributed in the concrete, has a stable bubble system, can not be aggregated to form harmful macro bubbles in the stirring process, can be remained in a concrete hardened body for a long time, and can form a spongy porous structure, reduce the density of the concrete and improve the heat insulation performance.
However, in the actual use process, air bubbles are inevitably introduced into the concrete due to the use of the air entraining agent, and due to the complexity and batch instability of the concrete raw materials, the air bubbles are uniformly and stably distributed in the concrete product generated in each batch, so that the aggregation of the air bubbles is easy to occur, and the strength of the concrete cannot be effectively guaranteed; therefore, how to effectively maintain the strength of concrete while improving the thermal insulation performance is one of the technical problems faced by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a patent name to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a high-strength heat-insulating concrete, in particular to a high-strength heat-insulating concrete,
comprises fibrous aggregate and flaky aggregate;
nano bubbles are dispersed in the high-strength heat-insulating concrete;
the nano bubbles are partially dispersed on the surface of the fibrous aggregate and partially dispersed among layers of the flaky aggregate;
the diameter distribution range of the nano bubbles is 1-10 nm.
Preferably, the fibrous aggregate is any one of polyolefin fiber, carbonized plant fiber or steel fiber.
Preferably, the fibrous aggregate is carbonized rice hull fiber; the carbonized rice hull fiber is of a hollow structure.
Preferably, the sheet-shaped aggregate is at least one of graphene oxide or layered silicate.
Preferably, the nano bubbles are adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the fibrous aggregate and between layers of the flaky aggregate through a coupling agent.
Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH-550, silane coupling agent KH-560, silane coupling agent KH-570 and isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate.
A preparation method of high-strength heat-insulating concrete comprises the following specific preparation steps:
modification of fibrous aggregate:
according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 10-30 parts of fibrous bone material, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 100-150 parts of glycerol, 10-15 parts of oleic acid and 8-10 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, mixing the fibrous bone material, the coupling agent and the glycerol, heating and stirring for reaction, adding the oleic acid and the ethyl orthosilicate for heating reflux reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified fibrous bone material;
modification of flaky aggregate:
taking 10-30 parts of flaky aggregate, 3-5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2-4 parts of nano aluminum powder and 100 parts of water in sequence according to parts by weight, firstly ultrasonically dispersing the flaky aggregate and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the water, then adding the nano aluminum powder, uniformly mixing, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain modified flaky aggregate; the flaky aggregate is at least one of graphene oxide or phyllosilicate;
preparing concrete:
according to the weight portion, 500 portions of cement of 300-materials, 300 portions of water of 200-materials, 3-5 portions of water reducing agent, 10-30 portions of fly ash, 120 portions of river sand of 100-materials, 30-50 portions of modified fibrous aggregate and 30-50 portions of modified flaky aggregate are taken in sequence, stirred and mixed evenly, and then maintained, and the high-strength heat preservation concrete is obtained.
Preferably, the fibrous aggregate is any one of polyolefin fiber, carbonized plant fiber or steel fiber.
Preferably, the fibrous aggregate is carbonized rice hull fiber; the preparation method of the carbonized rice hull fiber comprises the following steps: heating the rice hull fiber to 500-minus-plus-one temperature at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min under the protection of inert gas, keeping the temperature for carbonization for 3-5h, continuing to heat to 1480-minus-one temperature for 1600 ℃, carrying out high-temperature reaction for 3-5h, cooling, and discharging to obtain the carbonized rice hull fiber.
Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH-550, silane coupling agent KH-560, silane coupling agent KH-570 and isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the technical scheme, fibrous aggregate and flaky aggregate are introduced into a concrete system, and nano-level bubbles are introduced; in addition, air bubbles are distributed around the fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate; firstly, the diameter distribution range of the bubbles is limited to be 1-10nm, the size distribution range is narrow, and the bubbles with smaller sizes are distributed in the inner part, so that the external force action born by each bubble is more average when the bubble bears the external force, if the size distribution range is wider, the bubbles with different sizes bear different forces when the bubble bears the external force, thereby causing local rupture, the rupture of the inner bubble is gradually worsened along with the cyclic reciprocation of the external force action, and the strength and the heat preservation performance are gradually reduced; secondly, the distribution positions of the bubbles are limited to be around the fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate, and when the bubbles are acted by external force, the bubbles can quickly transmit and disperse the external force through the fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate, so that the strength of the product is effectively improved; moreover, the air bubbles are adsorbed on the surfaces of the smooth fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate, so that the surface roughness of the smooth fibrous aggregate and the flaky aggregate can be effectively improved, the aggregates and the concrete matrix are meshed through the nano-level air bubbles, and the smooth aggregates are effectively prevented from sliding relatively when being subjected to external force, so that the strength of the product is further improved;
(2) the technical scheme of the invention is that a coupling agent is coated on the surface of a fibrous aggregate, in the subsequent heating reflux reaction process, tetraethoxysilane is used as a dehydrating agent to catalyze the reaction between glycerol and oleic acid to form oleate which is used as an air entraining agent to generate bubbles in a system, simultaneously, the glycerol and the oleic acid are dehydrated through the reaction, the generated water is uniform and slow and is in a molecular level, once the tetraethoxysilane is contacted with tetraethoxysilane molecules, tetraethoxysilane can be hydrolyzed to generate silicon dioxide crystal nuclei, once crystals are generated, the crystals can be adsorbed and fixed by the coupling agent on the surface of the fibrous aggregate, so that a layer of nano-scale nano-silica with the size distribution range of 1-10nm is adsorbed on the surface of the fibrous aggregate, after the nano-silica is added into concrete, the nano-silica has high activity and participates in the cement hydration reaction, and the originally occupied position becomes a nano-level gap, thereby forming nano-scale holes around the fibrous aggregate; in addition, the flake aggregate is peeled off in water by utilizing the cavitation of ultrasonic waves to form a single-layer structure, then the nano aluminum powder is added, the nano aluminum powder is embedded into the layer structure in the subsequent suction filtration process, the aluminum powder reacts after being added into a cement system, the layer structure of the flake aggregate is dissociated again to form the single-layer structure by the air pressure of generated bubbles, and the reaction is uniform and controllable because the exposure speed of the aluminum powder is shielded by the layer structure, so that uniform bubbles are formed between layers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
Modification of fibrous aggregate:
taking 10 parts of fibrous bone material, 3 parts of coupling agent, 100 parts of glycerol, 10 parts of oleic acid and 8 parts of ethyl orthosilicate in sequence according to parts by weight, firstly mixing the fibrous bone material, the coupling agent and the glycerol, pouring the mixture into a reactor, stirring the mixture at a constant temperature and a stirring speed of 400r/min for reaction for 1h at a temperature of 55 ℃, then adding the oleic acid and the ethyl orthosilicate, heating the mixture for reflux reaction for 3h at a temperature of 85 ℃, filtering the mixture, collecting filter cakes, washing the filter cakes for 3 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, then transferring the washed filter cakes into an oven, and drying the filter cakes to constant weight at a temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain the modified fibrous bone material;
the fibrous aggregate is polypropylene fiber;
the coupling agent is silane coupling KH-550;
modification of flaky aggregate:
according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 10 parts of flaky aggregate, 3 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2 parts of nano aluminum powder and 100 parts of water, mixing the flaky aggregate with the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the water, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 55kHz, then adding the nano aluminum powder, stirring and mixing for 10min, carrying out suction filtration, washing a filter cake for 3 times by using deionized water, and drying the washed filter cake to constant weight to obtain modified flaky aggregate;
the flaky aggregate is graphene oxide;
preparing concrete:
according to the weight parts, 300 parts of No. 42.5 ordinary portland cement, 200 parts of water, 3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 10 parts of fly ash, 100 parts of river sand, 30 parts of a modified fibrous aggregate and 30 parts of a modified flaky aggregate are sequentially taken, stirred and mixed for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min by a stirrer, and then poured, molded and maintained to obtain the high-strength heat-preservation concrete.
Example 2
Modification of fibrous aggregate:
taking 15 parts of fibrous bone material, 4 parts of coupling agent, 120 parts of glycerol, 12 parts of oleic acid and 9 parts of tetraethoxysilane in sequence according to parts by weight, mixing the fibrous bone material, the coupling agent and the glycerol, pouring the mixture into a reactor, stirring the mixture at a constant temperature for reaction for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 500r/min, then adding the oleic acid and the tetraethoxysilane, heating the mixture for reflux reaction for 4 hours at the temperature of 88 ℃, filtering the mixture, collecting filter cakes, washing the filter cakes for 4 times by absolute ethyl alcohol, transferring the washed filter cakes into a drying oven, and drying the filter cakes to constant weight at the temperature of 108 ℃ to obtain the modified fibrous bone material;
the fibrous aggregate is carbonized plant fiber; the preparation method of the carbonized rice hull fiber comprises the following steps: heating the rice hull fiber to 500 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min under the protection of nitrogen, keeping the temperature for carbonization for 3h, continuing to heat to 1480 ℃, reacting at a high temperature for 3h, cooling, and discharging to obtain carbonized rice hull fiber;
the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-560;
modification of flaky aggregate:
taking 15 parts of flaky aggregate, 4 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3 parts of nano aluminum powder and 150 parts of water in sequence according to parts by weight, mixing the flaky aggregate with the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the water, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 40min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 60kHz, then adding the nano aluminum powder, stirring and mixing for 15min, carrying out suction filtration, washing a filter cake for 4 times by using deionized water, and drying the washed filter cake to constant weight to obtain modified flaky aggregate;
the flaky aggregate is montmorillonite;
preparing concrete:
according to the weight parts, 400 parts of No. 42.5 ordinary portland cement, 250 parts of water, 4 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 15 parts of fly ash, 110 parts of river sand, 40 parts of modified fibrous aggregate and 40 parts of modified flaky aggregate are sequentially taken, stirred and mixed for 15min at the rotating speed of 200r/min by a stirrer, and then poured, molded and maintained to obtain the high-strength heat-preservation concrete.
Example 3
Modification of fibrous aggregate:
taking 30 parts of fibrous bone material, 5 parts of coupling agent, 150 parts of glycerol, 15 parts of oleic acid and 10 parts of ethyl orthosilicate in sequence according to parts by weight, firstly mixing the fibrous bone material, the coupling agent and the glycerol, pouring the mixture into a reactor, stirring the mixture at a constant temperature for 2 hours at a temperature of 65 ℃ and a stirring speed of 600r/min, then adding the oleic acid and the ethyl orthosilicate, heating the mixture for reflux reaction for 5 hours at a temperature of 90 ℃, filtering the mixture, collecting filter cakes, washing the filter cakes for 5 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, then transferring the washed filter cakes into an oven, and drying the filter cakes to constant weight at a temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified fibrous bone material;
the fibrous aggregate is steel fiber;
the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH-570;
modification of flaky aggregate:
sequentially taking 30 parts of flaky aggregate, 5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 4 parts of nano aluminum powder and 200 parts of water according to parts by weight, mixing the flaky aggregate, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 45min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 65kHz, then adding the nano aluminum powder, stirring and mixing for 30min, performing suction filtration, washing a filter cake for 5 times by deionized water, and drying the washed filter cake to constant weight to obtain modified flaky aggregate;
the flaky aggregate is hectorite;
preparing concrete:
according to the weight parts, 500 parts of 42.5# ordinary portland cement, 300 parts of water, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 30 parts of fly ash, 120 parts of river sand, 50 parts of modified fibrous aggregate and 50 parts of modified flaky aggregate are sequentially taken, stirred and mixed for 30min by a stirrer at the rotating speed of 300r/min, poured, molded and cured to obtain the high-strength heat-insulating concrete.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: no ethyl orthosilicate is added; the rest conditions are unchanged; because tetraethoxysilane is not added, nano-scale silicon dioxide is not adsorbed on the surface of the fibrous aggregate in the preparation process, and nano-scale bubbles cannot be formed around the fibrous aggregate after the fibrous aggregate is mixed with concrete subsequently.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: fibrous aggregate is not added; because fibrous aggregate is not added, a reinforcement body and uniform nano-scale bubbles are not introduced, and the distribution of the bubbles is changed.
Testing the heat preservation performance: a DR3030 intelligent flat plate heat conductivity coefficient tester is adopted to test the heat conductivity coefficient of the concrete. Preparing concrete flat plate test pieces with the sizes of 300mm multiplied by 30mm from the products of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2, curing for 28 days, and before carrying out the heat conductivity coefficient test, placing the test pieces in an oven with the temperature of 105 ℃ and drying to constant weight; clamping the test piece between a hot plate and a cold plate, keeping the test environment in a dry state, controlling the temperature of the hot plate to be 35 ℃, controlling the temperature of the cold plate to be 15 ℃, controlling the temperature difference of the cold plate and the hot plate to be 20 ℃, starting a power supply to start testing, and stably converging the test data after a period of time, wherein the system displays a specific value of the heat conductivity coefficient;
and (3) testing the compressive strength: according to the standard of a common concrete mechanical property test method (GB/T50081-2016), testing the compressive strength of concrete by adopting a WAW-1000kN microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo universal tester, preparing cubic concrete standard test pieces with the sizes of 150mm multiplied by 150mm from products of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, placing the cubic concrete standard test pieces into a curing box for standard curing for 28 days, taking out the cubic concrete standard test pieces, and testing the compressive strength in time, wherein the load loading speed is controlled to be 0.6 MPa/s; specific test results are shown in table 1;
table 1: product performance test result table
The test results in table 1 show that the product obtained by the technical scheme of the invention has low thermal conductivity, high compressive strength, good heat insulation performance and excellent mechanical properties.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference thereto is therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength heat-insulating concrete is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
modification of fibrous aggregate:
according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 10-30 parts of fibrous bone material, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 100-150 parts of glycerol, 10-15 parts of oleic acid and 8-10 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, mixing the fibrous bone material, the coupling agent and the glycerol, heating and stirring for reaction, adding the oleic acid and the ethyl orthosilicate for heating reflux reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified fibrous bone material;
modification of flaky aggregate:
sequentially taking 10-30 parts of flake aggregate, 3-5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2-4 parts of nano aluminum powder and 100 parts of water by weight, ultrasonically dispersing the flake aggregate and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the water, adding the nano aluminum powder, uniformly mixing, performing suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain modified flake aggregate; the flaky aggregate is at least one of graphene oxide or layered silicate;
preparing concrete:
according to the weight portion, 500 portions of cement of 300-materials, 300 portions of water of 200-materials, 3-5 portions of water reducing agent, 10-30 portions of fly ash, 120 portions of river sand of 100-materials, 30-50 portions of modified fibrous aggregate and 30-50 portions of modified flaky aggregate are taken in sequence, stirred and mixed evenly, and then maintained, and the high-strength heat preservation concrete is obtained.
2. The method for preparing high-strength heat-insulating concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous aggregate is any one of polyolefin fiber, carbonized plant fiber or steel fiber.
3. The method for preparing high-strength heat-insulating concrete according to claim 2, wherein the fibrous aggregate is carbonized rice hull fiber; the preparation method of the carbonized rice hull fiber comprises the following steps: heating the rice hull fiber to 500-minus-plus-one temperature at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min under the protection of inert gas, keeping the temperature for carbonization for 3-5h, continuing to heat to 1480-minus-one temperature for 1600 ℃, carrying out high-temperature reaction for 3-5h, cooling, and discharging to obtain the carbonized rice hull fiber.
4. The method for preparing high-strength heat-insulating concrete according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH-550, silane coupling agent KH-560, silane coupling agent KH-570 and isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate.
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