CN111941979A - 一种组合嵌套式防寒服 - Google Patents

一种组合嵌套式防寒服 Download PDF

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CN111941979A
CN111941979A CN202010847288.1A CN202010847288A CN111941979A CN 111941979 A CN111941979 A CN 111941979A CN 202010847288 A CN202010847288 A CN 202010847288A CN 111941979 A CN111941979 A CN 111941979A
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张华�
佟玫
李伟萍
陈子齐
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Institute of Quartermaster Engineering Technology Institute of Systems Engineering Academy of Military Sciences
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种组合嵌套式防寒服。所述组合嵌套式防寒服包括防寒服本体和防寒马甲；防寒服本体和防寒马甲为子母拉链连接，可拆分独立使用；所述防寒服本体由外至内依次是防风防水透湿外层、间隔层、保暖层、舒适层；所述防寒马甲由外至内依次是外防钻绒层、保暖层和内防钻绒层。本发明提供的防寒服采用多种材料多层次搭配组合，兼具防风、防水、保暖、透湿的同时，还具有轻便、舒适、耐磨等特点。

Description

一种组合嵌套式防寒服
技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合嵌套式防寒服，属于防寒服技术领域。
背景技术
防寒服，通常是指在-10℃～-40℃，且有风雪的环境下，能够维持人体正常生理指标的服装。高效的防寒保暖材料可有效降低严寒天气对穿着人员的伤害，同时材料的重量、舒适性也对穿着人员的动作发挥也有较大的影响。现有的防寒服大多只配有一个保暖内胆，保暖材料单一，比较厚重臃肿，而且这种结构特别是在温差变化大的环境下穿着时往往感到不适，尤其对于高寒地区，希望防寒服装不仅保暖性能优异，而且防风透湿，轻便灵活。另一方面，现有防寒服用保暖材料拒水性能有限，遇水后保暖材料蓬松度、保暖性下降，给穿着者带来一定的影响。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种能够根据环境温度自由组合使用的组合嵌套式防寒服，防寒服采用多种材料多层次搭配组合，具有质量轻、防风、防水、保暖、透湿等功能。
本发明所提供的组合嵌套式防寒服，包括防寒服本体和防寒马甲；
所述防寒服本体和防寒马甲为子母拉链连接，可拆分独立使用；
所述防寒服本体由外至内依次为防风防水透湿外层、间隔层、保暖层Ⅰ和舒适层；
所述防寒马甲由外至内依次为外防钻绒层、保暖层Ⅱ和内防钻绒层；
上述的组合嵌套式防寒服中，所述防风防水透湿外层由机织物和防水透湿膜制成；所述机织物优选为锦棉混纺斜纹布，所述防水透湿膜优选为聚四氟乙烯膜，所述防水透湿膜通过粘结工艺复合到所述机织物上；
所述间隔层优选为锦纶织物；
所述保暖层Ⅰ由超细纤维絮片、纳米纤维气凝胶和聚酰亚胺纤维复合而成；
所述聚酰亚胺纤维与所述超细纤维絮片层叠复合成一体，所述聚酰亚胺纤维位于远离人体的一侧，填充量为保暖层Ⅰ重量的5～25％；
所述超细纤维絮片包括若干层单层保暖絮片，间隔1层或1～5层所述单层保暖絮片之间填充所述纳米纤维气凝胶；
所述纳米纤维气凝胶的填充量为所述超细纤维絮片总重量的20～50％；
所述纳米纤维气凝胶可为无机纳米纤维气凝胶或有机纳米纤维气凝胶；
所述单层保暖絮片的组成如下，按质量分数计：
由20％～25％的超细涤纶纤维、15％～20％的超细中空纤维、10％～15％的异型中空涤纶纤维、15％～20％的三维卷曲弹性纤维、15％～20％的中空涤纶纤维和5％～10％的低熔点粘结纤维制成。
所述舒适层优选防静电烫涤丝绸，所述防静电烫涤丝绸优选为印制有点状铝膜的涤纶长丝织物。
上述的组合嵌套式防寒服中，所述外防钻绒层和所述内防钻绒层优选锦纶平纹织物；
所述保暖层Ⅱ优选拒水羽绒。
上述的组合嵌套式防寒服中，所述保暖层Ⅰ经过拒水整理，采用的拒水整理剂优选为硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化硅或硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化锌与烷基烷氧基有机硅的混合水溶胶；
所述硅烷偶联剂优选为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷、四甲氧基硅烷或四乙氧基硅烷；
所述烷基烷氧基有机硅优选为辛基三甲氧基硅烷或十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷；
所述拒水整理剂中，所述硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化硅或所述硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化锌的质量百分含量为1～5％，所述烷基烷氧基有机硅的质量百分含量为2～6％。
所述保暖层Ⅰ的拒水整理方法为：将所述超细纤维絮片和所述聚酰亚胺纤维浸泡于所述纳米拒水整理剂中，浸泡15～30min，然后进行一浸一轧，然后于温度110～170℃的条件下烘干0.5～3min，烘干后梳理成网，热风粘合即得。
由于采取以上技术方案，本发明组合嵌套式防寒服具有如下有益优点：
1、防寒服本体和防寒马甲可根据环境温度组合拆分使用；2、防寒服本体和防寒马甲采用多层结构设计，兼具防风、防水、保暖、透湿的同时，还具有轻便、舒适、耐磨等特点；3、防寒服本体舒适层由防静电烫涤丝绸制成，可以反射保存人体热量，提高保暖性；4、防寒服本体保暖层采用中空纤维、纳米纤维气凝胶、聚酰亚胺纤维复合制成，提高絮片回弹性和保暖性，可满足高寒环境使用；5、防寒服除了面料防水外，保暖层均经过拒水整理，防潮且离水后可以很快干燥，不影响使用效果和穿着舒适度；6、防寒服本体保暖层和防寒马甲保暖层采用不同的保暖材料，可以发挥各自的优点，使防寒服具有极佳的保暖效果和服用性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明组合嵌套式防寒服正面结构示意图。
图2为本发明组合嵌套式防寒服中防寒马甲的正面结构示意图。
图3为本发明组合嵌套式防寒服结构层次示意图。
图中：11、防寒服本体，1、防风防水透湿外层，2、间隔层，3、保暖层Ⅰ，4、舒适层，5、外防钻绒层，6、保暖层Ⅱ，7、内防钻绒层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于以下实施例。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
本发明提供的组合嵌套式防寒服(图1所示)，包括防寒服本体11和防寒服马甲(图2所示)，两者通过子母拉链连接，可根据环境温度组合拆分使用。
其中，如图3所示，防寒服本体11由外至内依次为防风防水透湿外层1、间隔层2、保暖层Ⅰ3和舒适层4。防风防水透湿外层1由锦棉混纺斜纹机织物和聚四氟乙烯防水透湿膜通过粘结工艺复合。间隔层2选用锦纶织物。保暖层Ⅰ3由超细纤维絮片、纳米纤维气凝胶和聚酰亚胺纤维复合而成，其中，聚酰亚胺纤维与超细纤维絮片层叠复合，位于远离人体的一侧，填充量为保暖层Ⅰ3重量的15％。超细纤维絮片有六层保暖絮片复合而成，每隔两层保暖絮片设置有聚丙烯腈聚酰亚胺纳米纤维气凝胶，为絮片总重量的25％；单层保暖絮片为质量百分比由23％超细涤纶纤维0.78detx×32mm、18％超细中空纤维1.20detx×38mm、14％异型中空涤纶纤维1.67detx×38mm、16％三维卷曲弹性纤维2.22detx×51mm、19％中空涤纶纤维3.33detx×54mm、10％低熔点粘结纤维4.00detx×51mm制成。舒适层4采用印制有点状铝膜的涤纶长丝织物。
其中，如图3所示，防寒马甲由外至内依次为外防钻绒层5、保暖层Ⅱ6和内防钻绒层7。内防钻绒层5和外防钻绒层7采用锦纶平纹织物，保暖层Ⅱ6选用拒水羽绒。
本发明组合嵌套式防寒服中，保暖层Ⅰ3经过拒水整理，所述拒水整理剂优选为四乙氧基硅烷改性纳米二氧化硅与辛基三甲氧基硅烷的混合水溶胶，其中，四乙氧基硅烷改性纳米二氧化硅的质量百分数为2％，辛基三甲氧基硅烷的质量百分数为3％。拒水整理方法为：将超细纤维絮片和聚酰亚胺纤维浸泡于纳米拒水整理剂中，浸泡20min，然后进行一浸一轧，然后烘干，烘干温度为150℃，时间为2min，烘干后梳理成网，热风粘合即得。
本发明防寒服的测试数据如下：
透气≤10mm/s(GB/T 5453-1997)，沾水≥4级(GB/T 4745-2012)，透湿率≥7000g/m2·24h(GB/T 12704.1-2009)，质量≤1.9kg，耐磨≥1400次(ASTM D3884-2009，荷重250g)，保暖≥6.68clo(GB/T 18398-2001)。
由上述数据可以看出，本发明防寒服具有质量轻、防风、防水、保暖、透湿等优点。
本发明防寒服中保暖层Ⅰ：压缩弹性恢复率≥95％(FZ/T 64003-2011)，热阻≥0.6m2·K/W(GB/T 11048-2008方法A)；
单纯同比例超细纤维絮片制成的保暖层：压缩弹性恢复率≥93％，热阻≥0.4m2·K/W；
经对比可以看出，本发明保暖层Ⅰ能够提高絮片回弹性和保暖性。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

1.一种组合嵌套式防寒服，包括防寒服本体和防寒马甲；其特征在于：
所述防寒服本体和防寒马甲为子母拉链连接，可拆分独立使用；
所述防寒服本体由外至内依次为防风防水透湿外层、间隔层、保暖层Ⅰ和舒适层；
所述防寒马甲由外至内依次为外防钻绒层、保暖层Ⅱ和内防钻绒层。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述防风防水透湿外层由机织物和防水透湿膜制成；
所述机织物防水透湿膜通过粘结工艺复合到所述机织物上。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述机织物优选为锦棉混纺斜纹布；所述防水透湿膜优选为聚四氟乙烯膜。
4.如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述间隔层优选为锦纶织物；
所述保暖层Ⅰ由超细纤维絮片、纳米纤维气凝胶和聚酰亚胺纤维复合而成。
5.如权利要求4所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述超细纤维絮片与所述聚酰亚胺纤维复合成一体；
所述超细纤维絮片由多层单层保暖絮片复合而成，间隔1层或1～5层所述单层保暖絮片之间填充所述纳米纤维气凝胶；
所述纳米纤维气凝胶的填充量为所述超细纤维絮片总重量的20～50％；
所述聚酰亚胺纤维位于远离人体的一侧，填充量为保暖层Ⅰ重量的5～25％。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述纳米纤维气凝胶为无机纳米纤维气凝胶或有机纳米纤维气凝胶；
所述单层保暖絮片的组成如下，按质量分数计：
由20％～25％的超细涤纶纤维、15％～20％的超细中空纤维、10％～15％的异型中空涤纶纤维、15％～20％的三维卷曲弹性纤维、15％～20％的中空涤纶纤维、5％～10％的低熔点粘结纤维制成。
7.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述舒适层为防静电烫涤丝绸，优选为印制有点状铝膜的涤纶长丝织物。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述外防钻绒层和所述内防钻绒层优选为锦纶平纹织物；
所述保暖层Ⅱ优选拒水羽绒。
9.如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述保暖层Ⅰ经过拒水整理；
所述拒水整理优选为硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化硅或硅烷偶联剂改性纳米二氧化锌与烷基烷氧基有机硅的混合水溶胶；
所述硅烷偶联剂优选为甲基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷、四甲氧基硅烷或四乙氧基硅烷；
所述烷基烷氧基有机硅优选为辛基三甲氧基硅烷或十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷。
10.如权利要求9所述的组合嵌套式防寒服，其特征在于：所述拒水整理方法包括如下步骤：
将所述超细纤维絮片和所述聚酰亚胺纤维浸泡于所述纳米拒水整理剂中，浸泡15～30min，然后进行一浸一轧，然后烘干，烘干温度110～170℃，时间为0.5～3min，烘干后梳理成网，热风粘合即得。
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