CN111935965B - Preparation method of silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material, which comprises the following steps: firstly, sintering a morph-genetic material to obtain porous carbon, pretreating the porous carbon, soaking the porous carbon in a silver-ammonia soaking solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, and placing the porous carbon in a vacuum box for standing to obtain a soaking solution; dissolving glucose in the impregnation liquid to obtain reaction solid liquid; finally, putting the solid-liquid reaction into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, washing and drying to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material; according to the method, the dielectric loss of the material is enhanced by compounding silver on the surface of the porous carbon, the impedance matching characteristic of the material is optimized, and the wave-absorbing performance of the material is enhanced; compared with the traditional preparation process of the magnetic wave absorption material, the preparation method has the advantages of environmental protection, low cost, porous structure and high absorption capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of electromagnetic absorption composite materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic absorption composite material.
Background
In recent years, with the development of electronic information technology, especially the rise of 5G networks, the living facilities of people have been greatly improved. However, with the increase of electronic devices, the problem of electromagnetic pollution becomes more prominent. As a new pollution source, electromagnetic waves are not only unfavorable for the operation of electronic equipment, but also can generate heat effect to damage human body. In addition, radar detection techniques also face threats in the military, aerospace, and electronic information security fields. Microwave absorbing materials are one of the important solutions to this problem and have attracted considerable attention from countries around the world.
Carbon materials have the advantages of light weight, good electrical conductivity, thermal stability and corrosion resistance. Therefore, it is a representative microwave absorbing material such as carbon nanotube, graphene oxide, graphene, etc. However, the use of these materials is limited due to high raw material costs, environmental pollution and complicated preparation processes. Low cost and natural friendly materials have been new subjects of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. In the field of electromagnetic wave absorption materials, porous carbon made of biomass materials not only meets the requirement of material light weight, but also has a special porous structure, and is beneficial to multiple reflection and impedance matching of electromagnetic waves. As a green material, biomass materials are popular for regeneration and simple preparation processes. However, it is difficult to achieve excellent microwave absorption performance only by the conduction loss of the porous carbon. Ag is used as a high-conductivity material, is easy to compound with a carbon material, can optimize the impedance matching characteristic of the material due to the high conductivity, and can greatly enhance the absorption loss of the material due to various synergistic effects and polarization among the materials. Therefore, the use of silver/biomass porous carbon composite materials may be one of the interesting directions for developing low-cost, environmentally friendly and highly efficient electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material, and solves the problems of single structure and low absorption rate of the existing electromagnetic wave absorption material.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a preparation method of a silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, preparing porous carbon;
step 2, pretreating the porous carbon obtained in the step 1;
step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid;
step 4, dipping the porous carbon obtained in the step 2 into the silver-ammonia dipping solution in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and then putting the dipped carbon into a vacuum box to stand for 3h to obtain a dipping solution;
step 5, dissolving glucose in the impregnation liquid obtained in the step 4 to obtain reaction solid liquid;
and 6, putting the solid and liquid obtained in the step 5 into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid and liquid to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
in step 1, porous carbon is prepared, specifically:
cutting the morph-genetic material into small blocks of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, putting the small blocks into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1.5-2 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain porous carbon; the morph-genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir or tung.
In the step 2, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min by using a cleaning solution, and standing for 20min; then washing the porous carbon to neutrality by using deionized water;
the volume ratio of the cleaning liquid is 1: 1C 2 H 5 OH and deionized water are mixed;
step 2.2, soaking the porous carbon in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 10g/L for 15min, performing oil removal treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
and 2.3, adding the porous carbon into a nitric acid solution by using nitric acid with the volume fraction of 20%, heating in a constant-temperature water bath at 55 ℃ for 20min while continuously stirring, performing roughening treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water.
In step 3, the method specifically comprises the following steps: first AgNO 3 Dissolving the silver nitrate solution into deionized water to prepare a silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 10 g/L-30 g/L, dropwise adding dilute ammonia water with the mass concentration of 20% into the silver nitrate solution, just starting to generate a precipitate until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, stopping dropwise adding, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 And keeping continuous stirring during the O solution to obtain the silver ammonia impregnation liquid.
In the step 5, the mass ratio of the glucose to the steeping liquor is 2:1.
in the step 6, the reaction temperature is 120-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-12 h; the drying temperature is 80 ℃ and the drying time is 6h.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
according to the preparation method of the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material, the silver is compounded on the surface of the porous carbon, so that the dielectric loss of the material is enhanced, the impedance matching characteristic of the material is optimized, and the wave absorption performance of the material is enhanced; compared with the traditional preparation process of the magnetic wave absorption material, the preparation method has the advantages of environmental protection, low cost, porous structure and high absorption capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of biomass porous carbon subjected to carbonization pretreatment according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope (I) of the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material prepared by the method of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image (II) of the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material prepared by the method of the invention;
fig. 4 is an XRD pattern of the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material prepared by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, preparing porous carbon, specifically:
cutting the genetic material into small blocks of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, placing the small blocks into a crucible, placing the crucible into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1.5-2 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain porous carbon;
the vacuum pressure in the vacuum sintering furnace is less than or equal to 10pa;
the morph-genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir or tung;
step 2, pretreating the porous carbon obtained in the step 1, specifically:
step 2.1, ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min by using a cleaning solution, and standing for 20min; then washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
the volume ratio of the cleaning liquid is 1: 1C 2 H 5 OH and deionized water are mixed;
step 2.2, soaking the porous carbon in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 10g/L for 15min, performing oil removal treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
step 2.3, adding the porous carbon into a nitric acid solution by using nitric acid with the volume fraction of 20%, heating in a constant-temperature water bath at 55 ℃ for 20min while continuously stirring, performing roughening treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid; the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O、AgNO 3 And deionized water;
the method comprises the following specific steps: first AgNO 3 Dissolving the silver nitrate solution into deionized water to prepare a silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 10 g/L-30 g/L, dropwise adding dilute ammonia water with the mass concentration of 20% into the silver nitrate solution, just starting to generate a precipitate until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, stopping dropwise adding, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 Continuously stirring the solution O to prepare silver ammonia impregnation liquid;
step 4, dipping the porous carbon obtained in the step 2 into the silver ammonia dipping solution in the step 3;
soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and then placing the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid in a vacuum box for standing for 3h to obtain impregnation liquid;
the vacuum degree of the vacuum box is less than or equal to 20pa;
step 5, dissolving glucose into the impregnation liquid obtained in the step 4 to obtain reaction solid liquid;
the mass ratio of the glucose to the steeping liquor is 2:1;
step 6, putting the solid and liquid obtained in the step 5 into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid and liquid to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid and liquid to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material;
the reaction temperature is 120-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-12 h;
the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 6 hours;
example 1
Step 1, preparing porous carbon: the genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir, and the wood is cut into small pieces of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, placed in a crucible, and placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 600 ℃, the vacuum pressure is less than or equal to 10pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and then the mixture is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace;
step 2, pretreating the porous carbon in the step 1: the pretreatment stage was divided into the following 3 small stages and the porous carbon was water-washed to neutrality with deionized water after the end of each stage. (1) Preparation C 2 H 5 OH: deionized water =1:1, and ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min; (2) Preparing 10g/L NaOH solution, soaking porous carbon for 15min, and performing oil removal treatment; (3) Preparing nitric acid with volume fraction of 20%, adding porous carbon into nitric acid solution, heating in constant temperature water bath for 20min, keeping the heating temperature at 55 deg.C, and stirring continuously.
Step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid: the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O(20％)、AgNO 3 And deionized water. AgNO used therein 3 Has a mass of 0.5g, and AgNO 3 Dissolving in deionized water to obtain 50ml silver nitrate solution, and simultaneously using NH 3 ·H 2 Slowly dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution into the O solution until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 The stirring was maintained continuously during the O solution.
Step 4, soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the soaked porous carbon into a vacuum box, standing for 3h, and vacuumizing for impregnation treatment to obtain the impregnation liquid;
step 5, dissolving 1g of glucose in the impregnation liquid in the step 4, and preparing reaction solid liquid;
step 6, transferring the solid-liquid reaction in the step 5 to a hot water reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction at the reaction temperature of 120 ℃ for 12 hours, washing the solid-liquid reaction product to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid-liquid reaction product at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material;
example 2
Step 1, preparing porous carbon: the selected genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir, the wood is cut into small pieces of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, the small pieces are placed in a crucible, and the wood is placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 600 ℃, the vacuum pressure is less than or equal to 10pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and then the mixture is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
Step 2, pretreating the porous carbon in the step 1: the pretreatment stage was divided into the following 3 small stages and the porous carbon was water-washed to neutrality with deionized water after the end of each stage. (1) Preparation C 2 H 5 OH: deionized water =1:1, and ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min; (2) Preparing 10g/L NaOH solution to soak porous carbon for 15min for oil removal treatment; (3) Preparing nitric acid with volume fraction of 20%, adding porous carbon into nitric acid solution, heating in constant temperature water bath for 20min, keeping the heating temperature at 55 deg.C, and stirring continuously.
Step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid: the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O(20％)、AgNO 3 And deionized water. Wherein AgNO is used 3 Has a mass of 1.0g, and AgNO 3 Dissolving in deionized water to obtain 50ml silver nitrate solution, and simultaneously using NH 3 ·H 2 Slowly dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution into the O solution until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 The stirring was maintained continuously during the O solution.
Step 4, soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid in a vacuum box for standing for 3h, and performing vacuum pumping for impregnation treatment to obtain impregnation liquid;
and 5, dissolving 2.0g of glucose in the impregnation liquid in the step 4, and preparing a reaction solid liquid.
Step 6, transferring the solid-liquid reaction in the step 5 to a hot water reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid-liquid reaction product to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid-liquid reaction product to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material;
the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours;
the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 6h;
example 3
Step 1, preparing porous carbon: the selected genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir, the wood is cut into small pieces of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, the small pieces are placed in a crucible, and the wood is placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 600 ℃, the vacuum pressure is less than or equal to 10pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 2.0h, and then the mixture is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace.
Step 2, pretreating the porous carbon in the step 1: the pretreatment stage was divided into the following 3 small stages and after the end of each stage the porous carbon was water washed with deionized water to neutrality. (1) Preparation C 2 H 5 OH: deionized water =1:1, and ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min; (2) Preparing 10g/L NaOH solution to soak porous carbon for 15min for oil removal treatment; (3) Preparing nitric acid with volume fraction of 20%, adding porous carbon into nitric acid solution, heating in constant temperature water bath for 20min, keeping the heating temperature at 55 deg.C, and stirring continuously.
Step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid: the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O(20％)、AgNO 3 And deionized water. Wherein AgNO is used 3 Has a mass of 1.5g, and AgNO 3 Dissolving in deionized water to obtain 50ml silver nitrate solution, and simultaneously using NH 3 ·H 2 Slowly dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution into the O solution until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 The stirring was maintained continuously during the O solution.
Step 4, soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the porous carbon into a vacuum box, standing for 3h, and performing vacuum pumping for impregnation treatment to obtain the impregnation liquid;
and 5, dissolving 3.0g of glucose in the impregnation liquid in the step 4 to prepare a reaction solid liquid.
Step 6, transferring the solid and liquid obtained in the step 5 into a hydrothermal kettle, and heating in a drying oven, namely transferring the solid and liquid obtained in the step 5 into the hydrothermal kettle to perform hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid and liquid to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material;
the reaction temperature is 150 ℃, and the reaction time is 8 hours;
the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 6 hours;
example 4
Step 1, preparing porous carbon: the genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir, and the wood is cut into small pieces of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, placed in a crucible, and placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the vacuum pressure is less than or equal to 10pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 1.5h, and then the furnace is cooled to the room temperature.
Step 2, pretreating the porous carbon in the step 1: the pretreatment stage was divided into the following 3 small stages and the porous carbon was water-washed to neutrality with deionized water after the end of each stage. (1) Preparation C 2 H 5 OH: deionized water =1:1, and ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min; (2) Preparing 10g/L NaOH solution to soak porous carbon for 15min for oil removal treatment; (3) Preparing nitric acid with volume fraction of 20%, adding porous carbon into nitric acid solution, heating in constant temperature water bath for 20min, keeping the heating temperature at 55 deg.C, and stirring continuously.
Step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid: the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O(20％)、AgNO 3 And deionized water. Wherein AgNO is used 3 Has a mass of 1.0g, and AgNO 3 Dissolving in deionized water to obtain 50ml silver nitrate solution, and simultaneously using NH 3 ·H 2 The O solution is slowly added dropwise as in the silver nitrate solution until the solution just turns to colorColorless and transparent, stopping dripping, and dripping NH 3 ·H 2 The stirring was maintained continuously during the O solution.
Step 4, soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the porous carbon into a vacuum box, standing for 3h, and performing vacuum pumping for impregnation treatment to obtain the impregnation liquid;
and 5, dissolving 2.0g of glucose in the impregnation liquid in the step 4 to prepare a reaction solid liquid.
Step 6, transferring the solid-liquid reaction in the step 5 to a hot water reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid-liquid reaction product to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid-liquid reaction product to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material;
the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours;
the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 6 hours;
example 5
Step 1, preparing porous carbon: the selected genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir, the wood is cut into small pieces of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, the small pieces are placed in a crucible, and the wood is placed in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is 800 ℃, the vacuum pressure is less than or equal to 10pa, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 1.5h, and then the furnace is cooled to the room temperature.
Step 2, pretreating the porous carbon in the step 1: the pretreatment stage was divided into the following 3 small stages and the porous carbon was water-washed to neutrality with deionized water after the end of each stage. (1) Preparation C 2 H 5 OH: deionized water =1:1, and ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min; (2) Preparing 10g/L NaOH solution to soak porous carbon for 15min for oil removal treatment; (3) Preparing nitric acid with volume fraction of 20%, adding porous carbon into nitric acid solution, heating in constant temperature water bath for 20min, keeping the heating temperature at 55 deg.C, and stirring continuously.
Step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid: the silver ammonia impregnating solution is prepared from NH 3 ·H 2 O(20％)、AgNO 3 And deionized water. Wherein AgNO is used 3 Has a mass of 1.0g, and AgNO 3 Dissolving in deionized water to obtain 50ml of silver nitrateSolution with simultaneous use of NH 3 ·H 2 Slowly dropwise adding a silver nitrate solution into the O solution until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 The stirring was maintained continuously during the O solution.
Step 4, soaking the porous carbon treated in the step 2 in the silver-ammonia impregnation liquid prepared in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the porous carbon into a vacuum box, standing for 3h, and vacuumizing for impregnation treatment; obtaining impregnation liquid;
and 5, dissolving 2.0g of glucose in the impregnation liquid in the step 4, and preparing a reaction solid liquid.
Step 6, transferring the solid-liquid reaction in the step 5 into a hot water reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid-liquid reaction product to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid-liquid reaction product to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material;
the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, and the reaction time is 12 hours;
the drying temperature is 80 ℃ and the drying time is 6h.
Fig. 1 shows the biomass porous carbon after carbonization pretreatment, and it can be seen that the porous pipe of the carbonized plant is retained to form approximately square holes with smooth inner wall. Fig. 2 and fig. 3 show that the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material is obtained through a hydrothermal reaction, and it can be seen that silver particles are plated on the surface and the inner wall of the porous carbon, which indicates that the silver/biomass porous carbon is successfully prepared by the method, the porous structure of the silver/biomass porous carbon prolongs the propagation path of electromagnetic waves in the material, and is beneficial to the entry and absorption of the electromagnetic waves, and meanwhile, the silver composite can enhance the conductivity of the material, increase the dielectric loss of the material, and is beneficial to the loss of the electromagnetic waves.
Fig. 4 is an XRD chart of the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorbing material prepared by the method of the present invention. As can be seen, the porous carbon is mainly in an amorphous state, and after plating, a diffraction peak of obvious Ag metal appears, which indicates that the silver/porous carbon composite material is successfully prepared.
Claims (1)
1. The preparation method of the silver/biomass porous carbon electromagnetic wave absorption composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing porous carbon; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
cutting the genetic material into small blocks of 2.0mm x 1.0mm, placing the small blocks into a crucible, placing the crucible into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 600-800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1.5-2 h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain porous carbon; the morph-genetic material is naturally air-dried peeled fir or tung;
step 2, pretreating the porous carbon obtained in the step 1; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, ultrasonically cleaning the porous carbon for 5min by using a cleaning solution, and standing for 20min; then washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
the cleaning solution is prepared from the following components in a volume ratio of 1: 1C 2 H 5 OH and deionized water;
step 2.2, soaking the porous carbon in NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 10g/L for 15min, performing oil removal treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
step 2.3, adding the porous carbon into a nitric acid solution by using nitric acid with the volume fraction of 20%, heating in a constant-temperature water bath at 55 ℃ for 20min while continuously stirring, performing roughening treatment, and washing the porous carbon to be neutral by using deionized water;
step 3, preparing silver ammonia impregnation liquid; the method specifically comprises the following steps: first AgNO 3 Dissolving the silver nitrate solution into deionized water to prepare a silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 10 g/L-30 g/L, dropwise adding dilute ammonia water with the mass concentration of 20% into the silver nitrate solution, just starting to generate a precipitate until the solution color is just colorless and transparent, stopping dropwise adding, and dropwise adding NH 3 ·H 2 Continuously stirring the solution O to obtain silver-ammonia impregnation liquid;
step 4, dipping the porous carbon obtained in the step 2 into the silver-ammonia dipping solution in the step 3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and then placing the dipped carbon into a vacuum box to stand for 3h to obtain dipping solution;
step 5, dissolving glucose in the impregnation liquid obtained in the step 4 to obtain reaction solid liquid; the mass ratio of the glucose to the steeping fluid is 2:1;
step 6, placing the solid-liquid reaction obtained in the step 5 into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction, washing the solid-liquid reaction product to be neutral by using deionized water after the reaction is finished, and drying the solid-liquid reaction product to obtain the silver/biomass porous carbon composite electromagnetic wave absorption material, wherein the reaction temperature is 120-160 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-12 hours; the drying temperature is 80 ℃ and the drying time is 6h.
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